@@stalkinghawk9244 Maybe, but it's not really an apples to apples comparison, so seems unlikely. Even if we incorrectly assume each would interact w/ rods/cones in the same manner, visible light photons are in the 1-10 eV range for their energy, where as cosmic rays range from 1Gev to 10^8 TeV!
@@tryfergoodra552the speed at which things can travel varies based on what medium they travel through. Sound waves are a great example. Sound waves are effectively the vibration/displacement of matter that we pick up via our eardrums. They move outward from the source more or less exactly like a ripple in a pond. Because it travels through particles moving, the closer together the particles are the faster the displacement can travel. Hence, sound travels faster through solid objects than through water, air, etc. this is also why there is no sound in space, there is no matter to displace Light behaves quite differently, and takes knowledge of quantum physics/mechanics to truly understand, not something I’m gonna even bother trying in a yt comment section lol Regardless, I hope I helped a bit
Not many people get to see this sort of phenomena in person. I did when I worked for a Nuclear Power Plant. It is still one of the coolest things I've ever seen.
@@desbugfan8429 Hmm, good point, but I'm pretty sure the plural use works here as this in a reoccurring event and is happening in each of the many rods in the pools.
cap . this is visible in small experimental testing reactors there is no way you would be able to look down into a reactor in a working nuclear energy plant
@@xgladar Didn't know about the small experiments, but that's neat. And I never said I looked down into a reactor. It was a cooling pool where "used rods" are kept. But they are still very much active and hot which is why I could see them through like 200 feet of water; so cool! Will never forget the sight.
I was taught it sinply with this phrase: Chernekov radiation happens when matter moves through a medium faster than light moves through the same medium. It is important to emphasise them point of a medium.
@@aydinsha Well, it is going faster than the speed of light *in water.* The speed of light is a constant, but varies depending on the medium, much like the speed of sound. Nothing is faster than the speed of light *in a vacuum.*
@@Vi-Six Quick correction: "The speed of light is a constant, but varies" this is a contradiction. It is either constant or it isn't. In this case, the speed of light c is a constant but the *group* velocity of light in different media can be vary. Personally I don't like mixing up the term "speed of light" with the speed of group velocity since it fundamentally suggests c is changing when it isn't. It certainly does APPEAR that light is changing speed but it isn't, only group velocity. If you define speed of light as group velocity then it's technically not wrong but just misleading in my opinion.
If you didn’t know the reactor in the video is called the foxtrot 9 nuclear reactor and the type of uranium used is a mix of u-235 and u-238 or possibly plutonium-238
I've seen this in person. And I can say, without a doubt, that it is the most unique and special thing you can ever see with your eyes. There is quite literally nothing else on this planet that looks this way and it's impossible to mimic this effect with other means. It's super cool, the video unfortunately doesn't truly show what it looks like but it is truly amazing.
That sounds so cool! Did you work at a nuclear reactor? I wish I could see it with my own eyes too but I doubt they'll ever allow tours at nuclear reactors. I think they should though! The more the public learns about and understand nuclear power, the closer we get to a future where we harness that power and thrive. It is the safest, cleanest, and most effective source of energy we have yet invented.
@@Thetruthiscosmicif I recall correctly the reactor in video is some experimental one that is exposed in water so scientists can check how things work. I guess you would have to be quite influential like a science youtuber for them to allow you to check it out, or be a scientist and work there, or be their janitor lol
@@stasi0238 @Thetruthiscosmic As far as I'm aware it is possible to do tours at very *specific* reactors. The really small research ones specifically, but even so it's still extremely rare. I was doing research on radioactive decay and energy production. This is where the importance of things like Half-lifes come into play. Seeing the Cherenkov radiation was so special though. Definitely a dream come true and for sure on of my top 5 favorite memories I've ever had.
Lol Water is actually an incredible shield against radiation, but yeah media often skews anything regarding radiation so that information is not well known
@@dav1342 Oh god I've seen such a disaster on kyle hill's channel. 2 guys carried a cylinder like thing on their back for hours which was very hot and later they started vomiting and i don't remember the number but like 300-3000 or maybe 30000 cylinders were removed from the forest.
Explanation: the speed of light in vacuum is approximately around 300.000 km/sec but the speed of light in water ist slowed down to approximately 225.000 km/sec. The particles in water are bit faster than 225.000 km/sec and because of the difference, you can see the blue light as a result of an echo.
Naaaa that's bullshit one of the safest places to work is a nuclear power plant search about WANO the other day I was working with a french guy from WANO an amazing guy
I worked in and out of nukes for almost 40 years and the nukes today are a lot different than the old ones. They give you 2500 millirems per quarter of radiation that you can get, and years ago you would sometimes get close. The new plants, you don't get much more than if you worked outside
I worked thirty seven years at a nuclear power plant and opening up the reactor for an outage was always cool to see. Also when fuel handlers moved the fuel rods. That neon blue glow is both beautiful and deadly.
Yeah i was a fuel handler for 5 years before transferring, definitely cool to see but the glow made it so hard to line the bundles up with the top rack especially right after shut down and using the cameras was never fun 😅
Well that explains why Godzilla's breath weapon is blue. Fun Fact: They actually made a reference to this phenomenon in 1962's King Kong vs Godzilla. When a group of scientists go to investigate mysterious activities around a group of icebergs and stumble across an area where this same blue light is emitting from around one of the icebergs.
Fun Fact: the difference between *the speed of light in a vacuum* and *the speed of light inside a material* (i.e. *not* in a vacuum) Is the basis for the Index of Refraction of that material. How much light slows down in a material describes how much it bends the light. Bonus Fun Fact: the "negative index of refraction" metamaterials do *not* make light go faster than light in a vacuum, nor is their index of refeaction actually negative, its just between 0 and 1. It's just a naming convention. These materials bend light opposite the angle that a non-metamaterial does, they do not "speed up" the light, that wouldn't make any sense.
@ghostlyfieldclub2930 yes. It is fascinating, and it comes from wave/particle duality. I'll try to summarize, but you can absolutely read more about it, even the Wikipedia article is really helpful. Okay, so the lower mass something is, the more like a wave it becomes. Photons behave the most like waves. Particles with mass, like electrons, also behave like waves, but to an ever-so-slightly-less degree. Waves propagate through a medium at what's called the *phase velocity*. Photons are strictly limited to that, but charged particles can move past the atoms of a dielectric material (a material that can be polarized), and excite that polarization faster than the phase velocity. When atoms are excited, they relax by releasing photons. But since the excitation is faster than the phase velocity, the resulting photons that are released lag behind the exciting charged particle, creating something similar to a 'sonic boom' of light, which is the blue that we see. Photons are limited to the phase velocity, so they can't create the same asymmetric excitation that the charged particles can. So in this very specific instance, where light behaves almost too much like a wave, charged particles can go faster than photons. In a vacuum, the limitation is back to being accelerating mass, and photons win by having no mass. Side note: things like this are also why some materials are shiny, but that's from something called the 'plasma frequency', and it's a whole other story.
To be fair, it's kinda more of a "a sonic boom isn't from the jet hitting you, but from a shockwave being made from it moving too goddamn fast." It's just that light and Electromagnetic radiation are made from the same thing so it's clumsier to explain.
The relative mass of an object depends upon its speed. If an object approaches the speed of light, its mass approaches infinity, which would require an infinite force to accelerate such an object. Such infinite forces do not exist so matter cannot be accelerated to the speed of light.
It's important to make the distinction that the particles accelerated by the reacter aren't breaking the theoretical speed limit of the universe, i.e., the speed of light in a vacuum. The speed of light in water is ~.75c (c is the universal constant for speed of light in a vacuum). So, particles can travel faster than the speed of light in that medium without violating the Theory of Relativity.
also, it's important to mention that the light itself isn't slowed down, it's just hitting a lot of atoms, so it bounces around and curves more. C stays constant
No. Cherenkov radiation is not created by objects moving faster than light speed. It's created by the electric field moving through a medium at a certain velocity of propagation. If the electric field moves through the medium faster than the medium can emit light, a charge is built up and released in the form of Cherenkov radiation. It has more to do with how fast an atom produces the photoelectric effect and not really anything to do with the speed of light.
For someone trying to sound smart you should know there is nothing of an "electric field"... There are electromagnetic fields, and visible light is just a narrow band within the electromagnetic field
@@Nidvard The behavior of the electromagnetic field can be resolved into four different parts of the variation in space and time: electrostatic fields, static magnetic fields, varying electric fields, and varying magnetic fields. The first two are produced by charges and currents, which are then combined into the electromagnetic field tensor in the presence of both a distribution of velocities of charges and currents. The behavior of electric and magnetic fields, both as separate entities and as a collective whole, are governed by Maxwell’s equations. This behavior of the electric field as defined by Maxwell's equations is what I was referring to. The electric field becomes out of phase with the emitted light wave and builds a charge that creates Cherenkov radiation. The electric field moves at a fraction of the speed of light as denoted by the velocity of propagation. Also, I didn't say anything about the visible light spectrum. Or the magnetic field as I'm referring specifically to the electric field and its charge. I hope that makes sense. Let me know if you have any more questions.
To all the people saying light moves slower in water: it does not. because of the medium, the light simply has to take a more "crooked" path, making it take longer. light speed is constant regardless of medium. EDIT: Since I keep getting comments correcting me, and can't find my other comment down in the replies, here's some additional information: I'm obviously simplifying in my original comment, but it's essentially the same end result. Basically what happens is, when light goes through a medium, the reason it takes longer (longer path), isn't because it tries to "avoid" particles or molecules as it may seem in my original comment, but rather, it's disturbed because the light keeps getting absorbed and re-emitted by the atoms in the medium, making the path way longer. When a particle moves faster than light can to complete this process (distance becomes easier to clear for the particle than light), then a shockwave occours in the electromagnetic field due to it's inability to re-adjust in time, causing the emission of blue light in this case
This brings back memories as a nuclear engineering student at Arizona. For various classes/experiments we'd need to pulse the reactor and you'd get to see the chernekov radiation. For those lucky few that happened to be walking by the reactor lab when we did this, they might look up at one of the mirror above the reactor pool when they see a bunch of students around the reactor and catch the show too.
By Einstein's ToSR and ToGR, light has a constant speed, always equal to c. However, many wave interference effects take place in a reradiating medium, such that the velocity of light's PHASE becomes lower. In other words, a phase shift at each reradiator (atom) layer, that at larger scale looks like slower light with shorter wavelength. Highschool physics most often just set it as a given that light slows down, but without explaining the mechanics behind it.
This is definitely a phenomenon to be studied because it is a direct correlation between light and matter or electron. And particle physics first hand.
I was taught in class that the phase velocity is going faster than light, not the group velocity which correspond to the speed of light ''c'' that you refer to.
Cherenkov di... your bro here simply made a vid on a well known phenomenon and misrepresented it. One more thing, it's been known that quantum entanglement blows all this out of the "water" since Einstein was working on his big equation.
The light particles are slowed down in the pool. The radiation in the pool moves faster than the photons in the pool. The radiation is not travelling at light speed, not even close. It's just bad wording.
to move faster than light, you need to have a super fast reaction, it cant be in a vacuum and it needs to be in something to slow down light. pretty cool
Cherenkov radiation is electromagnetic radiation emitted when a charged particle (such as an electron) passes through a dielectric medium (such as distilled water) at a speed greater than the phase velocity (speed of propagation of a wavefront in a medium) of light in that medium. You've missed to say 'faster that speed of light in that medium' doing a huge blunder . Nothing can move faster than speed of light in vacuum.
besides the difficulty of filling the galaxy with water, it still wouldn’t make us move faster. cherenkov radiation occurs when light is moving slower than it should be, so for example the light in this video is moving at 0.7c, and the other particles are moving at 0.8c. that still is less than c, it’s just that the miscellaneous particles are moving faster than the other photons in the solution.
Even though light goes through a medium slower than a vacuum, it is still traveling at C, it just has to make more turns because it runs into particles. Light can ONLY move at c. It does not slow down.
No, it’s unrelated to that. It’s just electron emissions from the electrons gaining energy and then falling back to a stable lower energy. When this happens a photon is released, it just happens to be blue because of the material and the speed of the particle.
Blue-shifted light can actually be any color. The reason we call it that is because blue light is higher-frequency. If visible light from something coming towards us is higher-frequency than it should be due to its motion then it has been shifted closer to being blue, or blue-shifted, and visible light that is lower-frequency than it should be has been shifted closer to red, or red-shifted. You could just as easily call it violet-shifting and have it be arguably more accurate. In other words, if an object should only be glowing in the infrared but it's moving quickly towards us and it appears to be red as a result, the light was still blue-shifted. Likewise, if a violet object is moving away from us and appears blue as a result, the light was still red-shifted.
As far as im aware light doesn't actually slow down when moving through water or glass etc light always moves at C in whatever medium, but the light doesnt take a straight path through those mediums it bounces around inside them and thus we percieve it as slowing down
@@sreea2365there is reflection, refraction and also gravitational influences. neither of those phenomena is a straight line. you might argue that reflected light is a straight line followed by another, different, straight line. you would be correct. then again a curve can be seen as infinitely many straight lines in succession, which is also correct. to get there you use differentiation. now you might argue there are no curved lines at all. you would be correct, in a certain sense. Still, circles exist, and if you say a circle is a straight line i will call you silly ;)
My favorite atomic phenomenon. Astronauts see flashes of blue light as cosmic rays pass through the water in their eyeballs.
Or cosmic rays hit a cone or rod in your eye and momentarily activate it.
@@MOSMASTERINGSince they respond to photons, and cosmic rays are actually high energy particles, would they actual be activated?
No way. For real??
@@chriss5266Think so. In the end both could be electrical Signals hm
@@stalkinghawk9244 Maybe, but it's not really an apples to apples comparison, so seems unlikely. Even if we incorrectly assume each would interact w/ rods/cones in the same manner, visible light photons are in the 1-10 eV range for their energy, where as cosmic rays range from 1Gev to 10^8 TeV!
So you’re telling me Sonic the hedgehog had the right idea
And color apparently
@@ISawSomethingOnTheInternet yep .. same thing - rigth idea to use blue light
The blue blur, baybee
It'a funny when you remember that Sonic can't swim
Not only that but the Warp Nacelles in Start Trek with that same blue glow...
to anyone still confused, the electrons are moving faster than the speed of light *in water,* not the speed of light in a vacuum.
Thank you, i was so lost😂
i know that but im still confused here , like i dont know what to see or aprecciate 😅
Cant get into one fortnite match without hearing right foot creek 🙏💀😭😭
@@tryfergoodra552pretty blue from big brain physics 😊
@@tryfergoodra552the speed at which things can travel varies based on what medium they travel through.
Sound waves are a great example. Sound waves are effectively the vibration/displacement of matter that we pick up via our eardrums. They move outward from the source more or less exactly like a ripple in a pond. Because it travels through particles moving, the closer together the particles are the faster the displacement can travel. Hence, sound travels faster through solid objects than through water, air, etc.
this is also why there is no sound in space, there is no matter to displace
Light behaves quite differently, and takes knowledge of quantum physics/mechanics to truly understand, not something I’m gonna even bother trying in a yt comment section lol
Regardless, I hope I helped a bit
Not many people get to see this sort of phenomena in person. I did when I worked for a Nuclear Power Plant. It is still one of the coolest things I've ever seen.
Phenomenon. Phenomena is the plural.
@@desbugfan8429 Hmm, good point, but I'm pretty sure the plural use works here as this in a reoccurring event and is happening in each of the many rods in the pools.
cap .
this is visible in small experimental testing reactors there is no way you would be able to look down into a reactor in a working nuclear energy plant
@@xgladar Didn't know about the small experiments, but that's neat. And I never said I looked down into a reactor. It was a cooling pool where "used rods" are kept. But they are still very much active and hot which is why I could see them through like 200 feet of water; so cool! Will never forget the sight.
Visible "sonic booms"... maybe they could be called "optic booms" :D
you can usually see sonic booms so this is dumb asf. The boom is from exploding air not illuminating water
II've heard it called a "photonic boom"
II've heard it called a "photonic boom"
@@Sam-TheFullBull My guy do you not see the light?
optic flash
Forbidden swimming pool
😂😂
Frfr
It’s actually perfectly safe to swim in due to how good water is at stopping radiation…. Just don’t go down very far lol
@@bluelemonade415can the water in our body stop radiation enough to not need lead protection
@@bluelemonade415the radiation won't kill you, the armed security guards will
I remember someone commenting "Forbidden Jacuzzi" on the real video of the reactor 💀💀💀
I remember filling my shorts with fecal 🤣
So ironman pretty much nailed the color accuracy
I was taught it sinply with this phrase: Chernekov radiation happens when matter moves through a medium faster than light moves through the same medium. It is important to emphasise them point of a medium.
Yes and neither are going "faster than the speed of light" which is a constant.
@@aydinsha
Well, it is going faster than the speed of light *in water.* The speed of light is a constant, but varies depending on the medium, much like the speed of sound. Nothing is faster than the speed of light *in a vacuum.*
@@aydinshathe speed of light in any specified medium is a constant for that medium, with vacuum as a universal speed limit.
@@aydinshathe speed of light _in a vacuum*_
@@Vi-Six Quick correction: "The speed of light is a constant, but varies" this is a contradiction. It is either constant or it isn't.
In this case, the speed of light c is a constant but the *group* velocity of light in different media can be vary. Personally I don't like mixing up the term "speed of light" with the speed of group velocity since it fundamentally suggests c is changing when it isn't.
It certainly does APPEAR that light is changing speed but it isn't, only group velocity. If you define speed of light as group velocity then it's technically not wrong but just misleading in my opinion.
The Universe: Nothing is faster than light.
Water: Hold my hydrogen.
Underrated
This made me laugh so hard. Take my up vote.
O
Definitely underrated.
Im reading the comments and this, this made me LAUGH OUT LOUD!
That’s why Sonic leaves behind a blue glow when he runs super fast
This video deserves MILLIONS of likes. What they are doing and what you are seeing is absolutely incredible. 👏
New plan for FTL travel!
fill space with water
Fill space with water
Become an electron
Fill space with water
Become an electron
???
Profit
aka "don't solve the problem, pretend it's not there"
😂
Make the space around the ship think you shouldn't abid to laws of physics. Avoid space cops.
If you didn’t know the reactor in the video is called the foxtrot 9 nuclear reactor and the type of uranium used is a mix of u-235 and u-238 or possibly plutonium-238
Nice info even i don't understand what on the video 👍
Damn that is some really cool knowledge!
How did you know that hm? 🤨@@sobhas94
That's so cool!....... Now take off your trousers
So you also don’t know. Cool.
POV: A friend (with light mode) shows me what's on their phone:
Lame
Damn, this is cooler than I thought.
when matter goes faster than light *in another medium*
When matter goes faster than light being absorbed and readmitted over and over through a medium
Its not going faster than the speed of light.
@@Bretaxy nothing can. Unless light is slowed down
Oooooooo-Aaaa-Oooo-Aaaa-AAAAAAAAA-Aaaa-eeee-oooo-a-e-o
@@Bretaxy it wouldn't, in a vacuum.
I've seen this in person. And I can say, without a doubt, that it is the most unique and special thing you can ever see with your eyes. There is quite literally nothing else on this planet that looks this way and it's impossible to mimic this effect with other means. It's super cool, the video unfortunately doesn't truly show what it looks like but it is truly amazing.
That sounds so cool! Did you work at a nuclear reactor? I wish I could see it with my own eyes too but I doubt they'll ever allow tours at nuclear reactors. I think they should though! The more the public learns about and understand nuclear power, the closer we get to a future where we harness that power and thrive. It is the safest, cleanest, and most effective source of energy we have yet invented.
@@Thetruthiscosmicif I recall correctly the reactor in video is some experimental one that is exposed in water so scientists can check how things work. I guess you would have to be quite influential like a science youtuber for them to allow you to check it out, or be a scientist and work there, or be their janitor lol
@@stasi0238 @Thetruthiscosmic
As far as I'm aware it is possible to do tours at very *specific* reactors. The really small research ones specifically, but even so it's still extremely rare.
I was doing research on radioactive decay and energy production. This is where the importance of things like Half-lifes come into play. Seeing the Cherenkov radiation was so special though. Definitely a dream come true and for sure on of my top 5 favorite memories I've ever had.
Cant get into one fortnite match without hearing right foot creek 🙏💀😭😭
@@Thetruthiscosmicfacts
Them: “Nothing can go faster than the speed of light”
Also them:
that's in water that's still not faster than light in vacuum which is it's true speed
Every household should have one of these
More proof the camera man never dies.
Bruh
chance of dying there is extremely low. hell, even jumping in has a lower chance of dying than driving your car
Lol
Water is actually an incredible shield against radiation, but yeah media often skews anything regarding radiation so that information is not well known
@@zahnatom You would die jumping into that. Not to radiation though. To the armed guard keeping watch to prevent that from happening.
Radiation is just a hoax look it up please
Perfect household accessory. You get a night light, AND three extra eyes to read in bed with!
😂😂 if ur lucky maybe even a third arm to scratch ur back
Instructions unclear, I now have every type of cancer imaginable
And I think you could use the heat in winter and make enough electricity not for only your house, but also for the rest of the town, at least 😀
@@dav1342 Oh god I've seen such a disaster on kyle hill's channel. 2 guys carried a cylinder like thing on their back for hours which was very hot and later they started vomiting and i don't remember the number but like 300-3000 or maybe 30000 cylinders were removed from the forest.
@@The_Movie_Thieves That's interesting. I tried to find that video, but I can't find it. Could you tell me the name of the video please? 🙂 Thank you!
Still not faster than the speed of light, just faster than the speed of that light.
What is the difference in light?
@@globalgirl33 medium in which it travels ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
Explanation: the speed of light in vacuum is approximately around 300.000 km/sec but the speed of light in water ist slowed down to approximately 225.000 km/sec. The particles in water are bit faster than 225.000 km/sec and because of the difference, you can see the blue light as a result of an echo.
-1hp -1 hp -1hp
HOORAY!
Yeah... If you can see the blue glow, you're getting a lifetime supply of gamma radiation
Naaaa that's bullshit one of the safest places to work is a nuclear power plant search about WANO the other day I was working with a french guy from WANO an amazing guy
Yay radiation!!
Ouch. Radiation..
@@elprimerplayer277saying its the safest place to work is a big f**cking stretch. Sure its safe but not the safest by far.
You’re safe near that reactor than you are in a coal mine
I worked in and out of nukes for almost 40 years and the nukes today are a lot different than the old ones. They give you 2500 millirems per quarter of radiation that you can get, and years ago you would sometimes get close. The new plants, you don't get much more than if you worked outside
@@4wheelliving132 some places it can even be less because how controlled everything is
Hell, in a reactor complex you'd probably get less radiation exposure than you would taking a walk down the street.
Coal mines are not known for their safety, I would feel more comfortable in front of a speeding vehicle than a coalmine
How to go faster then light?❌. How to go be a nerd: ✅
I don't know that much about radiation/uranium but this taught me a lot about it
I worked thirty seven years at a nuclear power plant and opening up the reactor for an outage was always cool to see. Also when fuel handlers moved the fuel rods. That neon blue glow is both beautiful and deadly.
Yeah i was a fuel handler for 5 years before transferring, definitely cool to see but the glow made it so hard to line the bundles up with the top rack especially right after shut down and using the cameras was never fun 😅
That must've been so cool😮😮😮
Do you get superpowers if you swim in or drink the water ?
@@j.staline8764you get the superpower of infinitely growing new body cells.
@@j.staline8764you can phase through walls…. yeah…
Well that explains why Godzilla's breath weapon is blue.
Fun Fact:
They actually made a reference to this phenomenon in 1962's King Kong vs Godzilla. When a group of scientists go to investigate mysterious activities around a group of icebergs and stumble across an area where this same blue light is emitting from around one of the icebergs.
Cant get into one fortnite match without hearing right foot creek 🙏💀😭😭
@@Penguin1400I can?
Nah, thats the Avatar
Electrons like "hah, gotcha :D"
Just felt the demon core right there
Pretty sure it was the same thing
Fun Fact: the difference between
*the speed of light in a vacuum*
and
*the speed of light inside a material* (i.e. *not* in a vacuum)
Is the basis for the Index of Refraction of that material.
How much light slows down in a material describes how much it bends the light.
Bonus Fun Fact: the "negative index of refraction" metamaterials do *not* make light go faster than light in a vacuum, nor is their index of refeaction actually negative, its just between 0 and 1. It's just a naming convention. These materials bend light opposite the angle that a non-metamaterial does, they do not "speed up" the light, that wouldn't make any sense.
So, through anything other than a vacuum, some particles with mass can travel faster than photons?
@ghostlyfieldclub2930 yes.
It is fascinating, and it comes from wave/particle duality. I'll try to summarize, but you can absolutely read more about it, even the Wikipedia article is really helpful.
Okay, so the lower mass something is, the more like a wave it becomes.
Photons behave the most like waves. Particles with mass, like electrons, also behave like waves, but to an ever-so-slightly-less degree.
Waves propagate through a medium at what's called the *phase velocity*.
Photons are strictly limited to that, but charged particles can move past the atoms of a dielectric material (a material that can be polarized), and excite that polarization faster than the phase velocity.
When atoms are excited, they relax by releasing photons.
But since the excitation is faster than the phase velocity, the resulting photons that are released lag behind the exciting charged particle, creating something similar to a 'sonic boom' of light, which is the blue that we see.
Photons are limited to the phase velocity, so they can't create the same asymmetric excitation that the charged particles can.
So in this very specific instance, where light behaves almost too much like a wave, charged particles can go faster than photons.
In a vacuum, the limitation is back to being accelerating mass, and photons win by having no mass.
Side note: things like this are also why some materials are shiny, but that's from something called the 'plasma frequency', and it's a whole other story.
@@daniellewis3330 I love the explanation, thank you very much!
@ghostlyfieldclub2930 glad to help 😊
@@daniellewis3330Which Wikipedia article specifically? Cherenkov radiation, or something else?
Instead of a sonic boom, we have…
the Luminal Boom
edit: Luminal Bloom. Why didn’t I think of that! Y’all are geniuses
Photonic boom
Bloom
@@mishXYCorrect.
Luminal Bloom
sounds like a cool band name: “Luminal Boom”
That blue is captivating I can’t possibly imagine seeing it in person
Producer: We need a graphic of an electron shedding photons..
Editor: I'm on it!
"The blue glow is not from the radiation"
Later on
"Its from radiation "
To be fair, it's kinda more of a "a sonic boom isn't from the jet hitting you, but from a shockwave being made from it moving too goddamn fast." It's just that light and Electromagnetic radiation are made from the same thing so it's clumsier to explain.
@@BlackKnightsCommander more concisely, light IS electromagnetic radiation.
Sounds like y'all are nerds and op made a correct analysis
@@accelerator1666 Op is correct, if you are willing to call the wake in the water a "boat".
Yeah, he meant radioactivity, not radiation
Another reason why blue is such a cool color
You should see this in UV :)
I did what you see there.
Crips ftw!
The particle accelerator is looking cool tho☠️
The relative mass of an object depends upon its speed. If an object approaches the speed of light, its mass approaches infinity, which would require an infinite force to accelerate such an object. Such infinite forces do not exist so matter cannot be accelerated to the speed of light.
It's important to make the distinction that the particles accelerated by the reacter aren't breaking the theoretical speed limit of the universe, i.e., the speed of light in a vacuum.
The speed of light in water is ~.75c (c is the universal constant for speed of light in a vacuum). So, particles can travel faster than the speed of light in that medium without violating the Theory of Relativity.
The video does….
Reactor*
And the particles aren't "accelerated" by the reactor, they are spontaneously emitted by atoms attempting to reach stability.
Exactly
also, it's important to mention that the light itself isn't slowed down, it's just hitting a lot of atoms, so it bounces around and curves more. C stays constant
so it's slower :) @@monodragon
No. Cherenkov radiation is not created by objects moving faster than light speed. It's created by the electric field moving through a medium at a certain velocity of propagation. If the electric field moves through the medium faster than the medium can emit light, a charge is built up and released in the form of Cherenkov radiation. It has more to do with how fast an atom produces the photoelectric effect and not really anything to do with the speed of light.
For someone trying to sound smart you should know there is nothing of an "electric field"...
There are electromagnetic fields, and visible light is just a narrow band within the electromagnetic field
@@Nidvard Thanks for your feedback. However, you're mistaken. The electric field and magnetic field combine to form the electromagnetic field.
@@Nidvard The behavior of the electromagnetic field can be resolved into four different parts of the variation in space and time: electrostatic fields, static magnetic fields, varying electric fields, and varying magnetic fields. The first two are produced by charges and currents, which are then combined into the electromagnetic field tensor in the presence of both a distribution of velocities of charges and currents. The behavior of electric and magnetic fields, both as separate entities and as a collective whole, are governed by Maxwell’s equations. This behavior of the electric field as defined by Maxwell's equations is what I was referring to. The electric field becomes out of phase with the emitted light wave and builds a charge that creates Cherenkov radiation. The electric field moves at a fraction of the speed of light as denoted by the velocity of propagation.
Also, I didn't say anything about the visible light spectrum. Or the magnetic field as I'm referring specifically to the electric field and its charge.
I hope that makes sense. Let me know if you have any more questions.
@@Nidvardplease learn some physics before calling people out. Look up some lectures on electricity and magnetism. Please learn something.
@@Nidvardyou are embarrassing
My small man couldn’t fathom what he was saying. 😂science is truly amazing 👍🏾❤️
Bro has a NUCLEAR REACTOR at home 🗿
To all the people saying light moves slower in water: it does not. because of the medium, the light simply has to take a more "crooked" path, making it take longer. light speed is constant regardless of medium.
EDIT:
Since I keep getting comments correcting me, and can't find my other comment down in the replies, here's some additional information:
I'm obviously simplifying in my original comment, but it's essentially the same end result. Basically what happens is, when light goes through a medium, the reason it takes longer (longer path), isn't because it tries to "avoid" particles or molecules as it may seem in my original comment, but rather, it's disturbed because the light keeps getting absorbed and re-emitted by the atoms in the medium, making the path way longer. When a particle moves faster than light can to complete this process (distance becomes easier to clear for the particle than light), then a shockwave occours in the electromagnetic field due to it's inability to re-adjust in time, causing the emission of blue light in this case
Yes you are right 👍
Yup
..meaning it's slower. If it takes longer in water, it's slower in it.
@@Dan_Animationlight takes more time to go to observer than matter because of the ways both elements go through water.
@@edwardkuusela235 Ah, got it. Thanks
This brings back memories as a nuclear engineering student at Arizona. For various classes/experiments we'd need to pulse the reactor and you'd get to see the chernekov radiation. For those lucky few that happened to be walking by the reactor lab when we did this, they might look up at one of the mirror above the reactor pool when they see a bunch of students around the reactor and catch the show too.
That laugh in the beginning in everything 😂
I was thinking bro got a freezedown on camera 🗿💀
By Einstein's ToSR and ToGR, light has a constant speed, always equal to c. However, many wave interference effects take place in a reradiating medium, such that the velocity of light's PHASE becomes lower. In other words, a phase shift at each reradiator (atom) layer, that at larger scale looks like slower light with shorter wavelength. Highschool physics most often just set it as a given that light slows down, but without explaining the mechanics behind it.
That blue light is almost as bright as when someone turns on your bedroom light when you're mid-stroke.
The last sentence explains how we knocked on our alien neighbors door😂
i used to joke “nothing’s faster than light but why haven’t we tried just slowing down light?” but it turns out we can.
Steve-o came a long way
Steve-O if he never did drugs and got his life together by a early age!!
Its kinda cool to watch those electrons leaving behind the energy which glows blue😮😮😮
"i can move faster than light, if i can make light move slower than me"
Can’t believe we went from rocks and sticks to this in the span of 5000 ish years
So Godzilla’s just really fast
Cant get into one fortnite match without hearing right foot creek 🙏💀😭😭
Technically, his atomic breath is
@@Penguin1400💀💀😂
This deserves its own full episode.
This is definitely a phenomenon to be studied because it is a direct correlation between light and matter or electron. And particle physics first hand.
I was taught in class that the phase velocity is going faster than light, not the group velocity which correspond to the speed of light ''c'' that you refer to.
It's basically Sonic booms, but for light!
My intrusive thought:
"Jump!"
Steve-O really changed once he got sober. 🙏
I've seen this in person and it is incredible!
Bro defeated every science video that says nothing can move faster than light
Cherenkov di... your bro here simply made a vid on a well known phenomenon and misrepresented it. One more thing, it's been known that quantum entanglement blows all this out of the "water" since Einstein was working on his big equation.
Light travels slower in water which is why this happens in fission bath tubs.
The light particles are slowed down in the pool. The radiation in the pool moves faster than the photons in the pool. The radiation is not travelling at light speed, not even close. It's just bad wording.
@@doublesynchrohelix8613he didn't misrepresent it
I was staring at the title, 100% ready to dispute it
Thank goodness it was clarified
to move faster than light, you need to have a super fast reaction, it cant be in a vacuum and it needs to be in something to slow down light. pretty cool
Cherenkov radiation is electromagnetic radiation emitted when a charged particle (such as an electron) passes through a dielectric medium (such as distilled water) at a speed greater than the phase velocity (speed of propagation of a wavefront in a medium) of light in that medium.
You've missed to say 'faster that speed of light in that medium' doing a huge blunder . Nothing can move faster than speed of light in vacuum.
Technically the electrons ARE moving faster than light in a medium. That's what causes Cherenkov radiation.
He did say that tho
Trying to correct him by being overly pedantic is the real huge blunder here.
He did say it. Where's the blunder?
Homie in such a hurry to sound smart he didn't even listen to the video and hear what the guy said. This dude got some insecurity issues.
I get a sense of fear once it turns on, like IDK how any of it works or much of what it is but I know I don't wanna be in that water.
water is a good insulator on radiation, youre fine
As long as you were at the top and dont dive to touch a rod youd be fine
being inside the water on the top is perfectly safe, just don't dive
“nothing can travel at the speed of light”
this thingy: think twice einstein
Bro said it’s a light bulb for invisible realms im good 😂
This is basically the same mechanism that allows us to track particles in nuclear accelerators
*Planet eating monster from another realm*
"What is that light? Ima go check it out"
Light:"That's cheating!"
So radioactive it's hitting me through my screen as blue light
It kinda looks like a kurzgesagt animation
So if we can fill the galaxy with water... We can travel faster than light... Sounds easy enough
besides the difficulty of filling the galaxy with water, it still wouldn’t make us move faster. cherenkov radiation occurs when light is moving slower than it should be, so for example the light in this video is moving at 0.7c, and the other particles are moving at 0.8c. that still is less than c, it’s just that the miscellaneous particles are moving faster than the other photons in the solution.
@@drewprice9284 ahhh I see.
It's like the speed of sound being different at different elevations, I gotcha.
You would need to be a particle smaller than a photon, then you could go faster than light in water.
We have the ocean. Load the rockets up with explosive outburst water tanks.
Even though light goes through a medium slower than a vacuum, it is still traveling at C, it just has to make more turns because it runs into particles. Light can ONLY move at c. It does not slow down.
Bro flashbanged us
Is it blue for the same reason that blue shift light is blue? Like blue shift/red shift to figure out if stars are moving towards or away from us?
No, it’s unrelated to that. It’s just electron emissions from the electrons gaining energy and then falling back to a stable lower energy. When this happens a photon is released, it just happens to be blue because of the material and the speed of the particle.
Blue-shifted light can actually be any color. The reason we call it that is because blue light is higher-frequency. If visible light from something coming towards us is higher-frequency than it should be due to its motion then it has been shifted closer to being blue, or blue-shifted, and visible light that is lower-frequency than it should be has been shifted closer to red, or red-shifted. You could just as easily call it violet-shifting and have it be arguably more accurate.
In other words, if an object should only be glowing in the infrared but it's moving quickly towards us and it appears to be red as a result, the light was still blue-shifted. Likewise, if a violet object is moving away from us and appears blue as a result, the light was still red-shifted.
Imagine there's something that is faster than the speed of light but we just can't see it because it's too fast
The speed of darkness😌
I'm pretty sure hoaxes and disinformation move faster than the speed of light... at least on the internet.
@@TTV999zinnaSpeed of darkness is the same as the speed of light
The expansion of universe is many times faster than light
Bro just randomly has a nuclear reactor
The cameraman🗿🍷
is the light blue or just what the water mostly lets through?
Watch the video again. It's matter traveling faster than the speed of light. It leaves an echo of blue light he explains it.
@@valariemeltzer1059 read my question again
The glow is blue. Water may be blue but it is not this extreme on its own
Amazing as always
I once toured the research reactor at Penn State, and they turned off the lights in the reactor room so we could see this first hand.
"This is an active nuclear reactor, And today we are going on a bulk. *CRUNCH*"
Is that a sonic-lightboom ? 😂
Photonic boom, technically.
So, warp speed for water?
That's gonna be my new band name
@@TitularHeroine Can I have a share of the royalties?
@@TitularHeroinegood luck bro
@@TitularHeroinedam good luck
As far as im aware light doesn't actually slow down when moving through water or glass etc light always moves at C in whatever medium, but the light doesnt take a straight path through those mediums it bounces around inside them and thus we percieve it as slowing down
Plot twist, there’s a bulb in the water
The speed of light is constant. It just takes a longer path through water
that is just plain wrong
Light always takes a straight line path.
@@sreea2365that is evem more wrong than the original answer
@@peterpan6406How so?
@@sreea2365there is reflection, refraction and also gravitational influences.
neither of those phenomena is a straight line. you might argue that reflected light is a straight line followed by another, different, straight line. you would be correct.
then again a curve can be seen as infinitely many straight lines in succession, which is also correct. to get there you use differentiation. now you might argue there are no curved lines at all. you would be correct, in a certain sense.
Still, circles exist, and if you say a circle is a straight line i will call you silly ;)
Well that was straight up misleading
Id be too scared to be near that thing. Especially with those pipes.
got something faster than the speed of light before gta 6
I don’t know what you’re describing but I know you said a lot of big words and they sound correct 🫡
Intentionally misleading and already cringey, just teach instead of skipping details to pontificate
As a materials scientist, I have to agree, I'd rather it wasn't phrased that way.
Still though, cool effect.
Some guy in 4th dimension: tf are humans doin' today
Radioactive decay law
Intentionally misleading title.
To quote Obi-Wan, "what I told you was true, from a certain point of view"