The ACTUAL Cause of Obesity. Sugar? With Kevin Hall.
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- Опубліковано 9 чер 2024
- We now understand the many causes of the obesity crisis better than ever. Does that bring hope to the overweight or despair that we'll all succumb?
0:00 Dude looks like a lady
0:49 Kevin Hall paper
1:59 BMI is heritable
3:11 NIH facilities
5:02 The test diets
6:32 NOVA ranking system for foods
9:16 Unlimited food
9:58 The body's setpoint
10:52 The Protein leverage hypothesis
14:10 It's the processing
17:18 Calorie density
18:08 New model of palatability
21:58 BMI is heritable
24:35 Is it sugar?
VIDEOS REFERENCED:
Tera Fazzino, a classification system for palatability of ultra processed food
• Tera Fazzino, PhD pres...
Carlos Monteiro on the Dangers of Ultra-processed Foods
• Carlos Monteiro on the...
Evil tricks the food companies play: why we can't lose weight and get healthy.
• Evil tricks the food c...
Food, Energy, and Obesity - Kevin Hall, NIH Physicist
• Food, Energy, and Obes...
PAPERS CITED:
Ultra-Processed Diets Cause Excess Calorie Intake and Weight Gain: An Inpatient Randomized Controlled Trial of Ad Libitum Food Intake, by Kevin Hall
www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/...
Hyper-Palatable Foods: Development of a Quantitative
Definition and Application to the US Food System
Database, by Tera Fazzino
kuscholarworks.ku.edu/bitstre...
ULTRA-PROCESSED FOODS: NOVA CLASSIFICATION
regulatory.mxns.com/en/ultra-...
Ad libitum meal energy intake is positively influenced by energy density, eating rate and hyper-palatable food across four dietary patterns, by Tera Fazzino and Kevin Hall
www.nature.com/articles/s4301...
The potential role of protein leverage in the US obesity epidemic
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
Protein status elicits compensatory changes in food intake and food preferences
academic.oup.com/ajcn/article...
Obesity: the protein leverage hypothesis by S J Simpson, D Raubenheimer
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15836...
The Human Energy Crisis: Kevin Hall applies a physicist’s view of energy to the human body.
irp.nih.gov/our-research/rese...
Effect of a plant-based, low-fat diet versus an animal-based, ketogenic diet on ad libitum energy intake, by Kevin Hall
sci-hub.se/10.1038/s41591-020...
What I learned about weight loss from spending a day inside a metabolic chamber: One of science’s best tools for understanding obesity is debunking myths about metabolism.
www.vox.com/2018/9/4/17486110...
BOOKS REFERENCED
The Dorito Effect: The Surprising New Truth About Food and Flavor, by Mark Schatzker
www.amazon.com/The-Dorito-Eff...
Salt Sugar Fat: How the Food Giants Hooked Us, by Michael Moss
www.amazon.com/Salt-Sugar-Fat...
The Hungry Brain: Outsmarting the Instincts That Make Us Overeat, by Stephan Guyenet
www.amazon.com/The-Hungry-Bra...
Nature Wants Us to Be Fat: The Surprising Science Behind Why We Gain Weight and How We Can Prevent--and Reverse--It, by Richard Johnson
www.amazon.com/Nature-Wants-F...
Metabolical: The Lure and the Lies of Processed Food, Nutrition, and Modern Medicine, by Robert Lustig
www.amazon.com/Metabolical-Pr...
The Nature of Nutrition: A Unifying Framework from Animal Adaptation to Human Obesity by Stephen J. Simpson, David Raubenheimer
www.amazon.com/Nature-Nutriti... - Наука та технологія
I think the root of the problem is this - not only is our food wrong, we're constantly hearing dinner bells. Twenty-four hours a day, we hear the bell ringing. Media bashes us in the mouth with ads for the wrong foods, and it makes everyone hungrier than they should be. And then we obsess about getting that food! There's a deeply psychological drive for food, the so-called Pleasure Trap. The food ads are designed to keep us trapped in a cycle of craving, obsession, consumption, and guilt which results in even stronger cravings and feelings of futility.
I heard Dr. Huberman mention that insulin goes up just by walking past a pastry shop! You basically have to walk through the grocery store with blinders on then.
yes, coworkers look’s surprised when I skip lunch.
Yep
@@ghostviggen Good, you're doing it right!
@@ianstuart5660 Schizophrenia and Toxoplasmosis is animals, 🤪🦠🍖🔴🐈🐮🐷🐔🐣🐟.... Pig, Time-Iapse 🐷🦠🤮 ua-cam.com/video/KtK3KgSMHe4/v-deo.html .. ua-cam.com/video/9twFI210maw/v-deo.html 🤮.. That’s why I’m vegan !!!! No fibre if you eat animals, stays in your body and rots away !!!!!! We’ve got long, long guts. Flat teeth 🦷. LittIe tiny teeth 😬. Moving left and right |-_| .. We are Herbivores. And eating animaIs is pIaque forming, eating corpses. Vegans don’t have plaque, clean and fresh ✅❤️😬😉. Like monkeys and Orangutans and Bonobos and Gorillas ✅❤️😬🐒🐵🦍👫. Gorillas don’t eat animals, 1% cancer in the wild !!! Vegan 4% cancer !!! We choose to be Meat eaters, and get cancer and heart attack and high blood pressure and Alzheimer’s and dementia because fat deposits clog your arteries in your brain in your heart and down there, fIaccid👇you-know-what, eating corpses !!!! And meat eaters, 51% death rate !!!! That is extremely high for a frigging hamburger etc !!!! When you can have vegan hamburgers and vegan chicken and vegan pizza and vegan curry and vegan tacos and vegan burritos etc !!!!! What if it was you, the victim🤥🔴. You wouldn’t do that to your cute little dog😍🤗🐶🤥!!!! Think about the animal, not you, 😢!!!! UA-cam delicious vegan food !!! Time to change !!!! Pandemic is animals !!!! UA-cam delicious vegan food. Time to stop huuurting animaIs !!!!...
Yeast is B12. Teaspoon 500% !!!!! And it’s natural 🦠 (hint hint 🥖🍞B12 ). Or marmite teaspoonful 480% !!!!! Duckweed B12 500% teaspoon !!!...
I love hearing about how my low fat whole food plant based diet kills people yet I am the only person at my job in my age range that isn't obese and on daily drugs. I went rollerskating with my 51 year old partner
I ordered mashed potatoes in a restaurant, and the waitress teased me… meanwhile I was the only one at the table who didn’t have a weight problem. Go figure.
The older you get the more obvious the benefits of a healthy diet become.
I’ve ordered a side of beans many times at a variety of respectable sit down restaurants and have been laughed at by the waitress. As a habitual lunch box person I only eat out for social outings or situational times when I need a quick meal. Big kudos for Mexican and Asian restaurants beans and tofu are always on the menu.
Here I am at 58 and on a high fat low carb diet, easily able to go mountain biking for 2.5+ hours NON-stop, not having needed to eat for the previous 18 hours and still able to go further.
It isn't what you are eating which makes the difference; it is what you are not eating. I eat very little food out of packets and what I do eat out of packets is single ingredient. For me, that is meat, eggs, dairy and some selected vegetables.
When I was 53 and vegan, I had to eat before exercise, could do up to 1.5 hours, then was tired after.
Has this channel had a comment yet from the Carnivore (or Carni-BORE) who tells how he was a vegan for twenty years and as a result all his teeth fell out? He seems to be commenting everywhere. Quite what veganism has to do with dental hygiene he failed to tell us.
It's a bit more complicated than this. I don't like sweet things. I never have. I am heavily skewed in the savoury range of food that I love and I was also 1 of 3 obese kids at my school when I was growing up. I am a volume eater. I LOVE to eat. The fact that I shunned sugar and sugary things did nothing to make me lose weight. I would still be overweight today and I have been eating wfpbno for a year and a half now if I hadn't learned to increase my low calorie density veggies and keep my starches under a certain limit. You can't just eat "all you like" as many people have told me. It just never worked for me. I only started consistently losing weight when I cut my starches down and increased my non starchy, low calorie dense veggies. I now eat once to twice a day and have managed to lose most of my excess weight. There are many reasons why people are obese and not all of them revolve around sugar. I don't live in the U.S. and as we weren't wealthy my mum used to cook all of our food for us from scratch so I can't even blame fast food. I was the only obese person in my family as well and it isn't "my glands". Just my volume eating and addiction to eating far too much.
If you practiced intermittent fasting and a diet of animal protein, mono unsaturated fat, and leafy green and cruciferous veggies, you'd be able to eat to satiety, lose weight, and have sustained success
Steve or Fran, I agree. We need to just look at competitive eaters, who don't vomit: they manage to maintain their weight by calorie reduction before and after. They probably never cheat on their diets, when they deal with adversity.
Even eating healthy wfpb at a certain age I also had to watch portion control
over eating seems to be the main key to creating sumo wrestlers (who all start as scrawny normal looking asians).
starches are definitely worse for your teeth .. perhaps creating an adverse microbiome before it even reaches the other ones in your body.
breads and starches are said to have a worse glycemic index compared to sugar .. so .. while GI and calories are pretty useless metrics, chronically raising insulin and other hormones are necessarily locking in weight. that’s why FZC works for so many.
stress and sleep issues also impact further.
milk homogenization seems to be a culprit due to the unnaturally tiny particle sizes of the fat letting them migrate into other forbidden areas of the body .. which points to organic cream being the best option there (10% often is the only off the shelf option that isn’t adulterated by extra additives either).
It is that simple in 99% of the cases. There are exceptions to the rule, of course. There always are when dealing with living beings
Still holding the line, avoid processed foods, eat whole natural foods. Forget any product that has a commercial!
It helps but isn't the key for everyone
Chris, this channel is the only channel on any media outlet that I watch 100% of and moreover look fwd to the alert coming into my notifications. This one hits my home turf. The idea of ultra-palatability never entered my lexicon and was always an assumption of big food manipulating us. Now, here comes the actual data!!!
You may also like Nutrition Made Simple who Chris did a video with. I don’t think they agree on everything all the time but more interesting and better to advance science if we don’t. ✌️🌱🌎
@j mc I appreciate that channel too.
I grew up from the mid fifties through the sixties, and I would say in general there was not as much money available to families. People were what we call today, poorer. Extra fancy and dessert and snack foods weren’t readily bought, except for special occasions. Meals were more often homemade. Kitchen gardens more the norm. And kids naturally were outside running around more, not monitored by parents like today. There were definitely less tempting junk foods available, though they were coming in fast. Chubby kids were very rare where I grew up in rural Wisconsin. And the few that were were far from obese.
Same in my childhood. We never ate out...we couldn't afford to. Fruit was much cheaper than junk food so that's what we ate for snacks. And there was nothing to do inside the house so we went outside and played. If we had the options kids have today...cheap junk food, video games, we would have sat on our backsides and played video games all day long.
@@andrewcavanagh3946, Schizophrenia and Toxoplasmosis is animals, 🤪🦠🍖🔴🐈🐮🐷🐔🐣🐟.... Pig, Time-Iapse 🐷🦠🤮 ua-cam.com/video/KtK3KgSMHe4/v-deo.html .. ua-cam.com/video/9twFI210maw/v-deo.html 🤮.. That’s why I’m vegan !!!! No fibre if you eat animals, stays in your body and rots away !!!!!! We’ve got long, long guts. Flat teeth 🦷. LittIe tiny teeth 😬. Moving left and right |-_| .. We are Herbivores. And eating animaIs is pIaque forming, eating corpses. Vegans don’t have plaque, clean and fresh ✅❤️😬😉. Like monkeys and Orangutans and Bonobos and Gorillas ✅❤️😬🐒🐵🦍👫. Gorillas don’t eat animals, 1% cancer in the wild !!! Vegan 4% cancer !!! We choose to be Meat eaters, and get cancer and heart attack and high blood pressure and Alzheimer’s and dementia because fat deposits clog your arteries in your brain in your heart and down there, fIaccid👇you-know-what, eating corpses !!!! And meat eaters, 51% death rate !!!! That is extremely high for a frigging hamburger etc !!!! When you can have vegan hamburgers and vegan chicken and vegan pizza and vegan curry and vegan tacos and vegan burritos etc !!!!! What if it was you, the victim🤥🔴. You wouldn’t do that to your cute little dog😍🤗🐶🤥!!!! Think about the animal, not you, 😢!!!! UA-cam delicious vegan food !!! Time to change !!!! Pandemic is animals !!!! UA-cam delicious vegan food. Time to stop huuurting animaIs !!!!...
Yeast is B12. Teaspoon 500% !!!!! And it’s natural 🦠 (hint hint 🥖🍞B12 ). Or marmite teaspoonful 480% !!!!! Duckweed B12 500% teaspoon !!!...
Families are poorer now adjusted for inflation than in the 50's. Real wages have not kept up with inflation for most working families.
You can argue whether processed food was more or less plentiful, but by and large working families had more disposable income in the 50's
@@gcs7817 poor communities have greater access to cheap processed foods today.
Blood pressure, heart disease, obesity and diabetes were measured much differently in the 50s and 60s than now or even 10 years ago. There was plenty of disease back then. Without question, food is a big issue today. But we are now looking in a different way and have treatments that mask problems. It's a paradox of luxury that could be worked through if profit wasn't so entrenched a mindset. Should there be a health tax on sodas, cereals and candy, like cigarettes?
In the 70s, we were allowed one bottle of soda per week, usually on Friday night while we watched "Brady Bunch" LOL and it was the old 61/2 ounce bottle. When the soda pop industry changed to 12 ounce cans, my dad just made us split the can. Now people drink giant cups of coka-cola at every meal, which is insanity!
That's funny because I had a similar experience growing up in the 80's. I was allowed one soda after Catholic Mass on Saturdays. I remember watching "American Gladiators" while drinking my soda.
I don’t let my kids drink soda unless it is a holiday or birthday party.
"Now people drink giant cups of coka-cola at every meal"
Mc-meal: burger, fries and a coke.
coke is the sugar
burger, fries is the fat.
Those 2 combined cause chaos in the body.
Oh my gosh! This episode coming out literally gives me the feeling of a new episode coming out from my favorite TV show. It’s a nostalgic childhood feeling. THAT’s how good your videos are. I can’t wait to watch!!! ❤ Thank you also for linking to all the sources, those are candy to me 😍 Healthy candy 🍭
This is one of the best UA-cam videos I’ve ever seen! As an obese man in his 30s, losing weight has become a necessity to me. It’s not that it wasn’t important in the past, it was, but the reason was always superficial.
I have been suffering with an undiagnosed (likely neurological) disease for the past 2 years and I cannot get the doctors I’ve seen to look past my obesity and actually focus on the problem.
The disease that I have makes me feel like I am dying at times, and it’s made me hyper aware of how much I don’t want to die in my mid 30s. So it’s also placed extra urgency for me on losing weight.
Unfortunately doctors just want me to go through with one of the popular the weight loss surgeries, and under normal circumstances I might, but I fear the possible complications that could arise with the disease I currently suffer from.
I’ve been specifically focused on deliberately eating high protein foods, which seems to have a higher satiating effect for me while consuming less calories. So at least anecdotally (my case) there is some merit to the protein leverage hypothesis. It’s definitely not the end all be all, but it’s probably a contributing factor.
Income is probably a contributing factor in people not getting the protein their body needs and eating excess calories. Since a thousand calories in Honeybuns at the corner store costs much less than a thousand calories worth of Turkey breast.
I’m also trying to stay away from processed foods as much as possible. The problem also is, the women in my family are extremely good at cooking and making food taste delicious which falls into the hyper-palatable puzzle of obesity. I’m going to deliberately try to make the food that I eat less tasteful and see how that works.
Thank you. 😊 I am so sorry to hear about your struggle with weight. This episode may help: ua-cam.com/video/G1mdij6JXqs/v-deo.html
@@PlantChompers Thank you for the recommendation. I watched the whole thing.
Awesome, Chris. I've recently been covering several studies and scientific reviews of Dr. Hall's and comparing them to Dr. David Ludwig's explanations for obesity. It's been a fascinating comparison - your video opened my eyes to another paper I need to make content on. Thank you for the continued great work!
Thanks! Can I call you? I can be reached at plantchompers at gmail. Have you seen Kevin's paper on the carbohydrate insulin model vs energy balance model? www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9071483/
Man I really love the structure of this video on every level from the humor to the core of the topic evolving into hyperpalatability. It's just beautiful and brilliant. I wish I could hug your heart
Kevin Hall is a rock star, as we are all aware. You, sir, are closing in on that status by putting in so much effort for our health's sake. Thanks.
Growing up in the 50’s and 60’s we ate 3 meals a day with home cooked foods. We used bacon grease and butter. Sodas were an occasional treat. Most importantly, no one snacked between meals. Nearly Everyone was lean. I still do not eat snacks and processed foods. I eat two home cooked meals a day. I have no medical issues.
Sounds pretty unhealthy
I can't agree. My grandparents were both overweight eating their traditional Hispanic diets. My abuela cooked everything from scratch with fresh ingredients and didn't snack. She was shaped like a bowling ball. My abuelo worked 14-hour days and never snacked but was muscle-y with a gut. Never saw two more hard-working people in my life, yet they weren't lean or trim.
@@Justinegallows of course you think butter and bacon grease is "pretty unhealthy". We've been misinformed as a society for decades about saturated fats and conditioned to think they're the enemy. Read Nourishing Traditions by Sally Fallon Morell
@@cristinadealmeida3823
Meat addiction at its finest
@@Justinegallows oh you bet. It's not as if meat and animal products in general are the most satiating, nutrient dense and most natural foods for humans and terrestrial mammalians at large to eat.
I've been a long-time subscriber to Dr. Greger and Mic the Vegan; I can't believe it took me so long to find your excellent channel! I'm happy to be a subscriber! I watch with my 13 year old son, to educate him on health and nutrition.
I been off processed foods for 3 years now. I actually gained weight but it's different, a lot of it is muscles and healthy fat, I feel like a big strong guy. Much healthier than before, didn't get sick ever since, free from disease(which wasn't the case 3 years ago). Happy to eat all my fresh organic fruits and vegetables everyday with no restrictions. Clearly something is going on with all these processed stuff if I could even call it food.
Kevin and others are at the cutting edge in determining the actual science behind obesity. Great episode.
I turn 50 this year. My grandparents on both sides were overweight when they were more than a decade younger than me, same with my dad. They were in really bad shape by the time they got my age. I literally still have the same body I had in my twenties. In my thirties though I will starting to lose it until I went vegan in 2011. And I literally only removed animal products out of my diet. I didn't make any other changes and all of the visceral fat vanished and never came back. Meanwhile I have friends in their thirties that are already overweight like my parents and grandparents were. It's not our genes it's sitting at the same dinner table!
Well
I was 300 lbs at 56 years old and went keto cut out carbs. I'm now 175 7 years later at 63 and feel like I'm in my 30s.
@@TheSkite575 why didn't you just do that with plants? It's so easy to obtain and maintain the perfect weight on a whole food plant-based diet. That's why the more plant-based a diet is the higher it ranks, way higher over keto in every regard
@@VeganLinked
I like meat!!
@@TheSkite575 you have learned to like meat but you can learn to love eating plants and living contiguous with your ethics. I imagine you probably don't want to hurt others unnecessarily. And the totality of evidence supports eating plant-based Whole foods as most being protective against chronic diseases. All taste is acquired except for human breast milk so you can learn to love something that loves back.
@@VeganLinkedBlah, blah, blah. We have killing animals since the beginning of mankind, we are not herbivores. I got free from diabetic eating only animal products and never in my whole felt so better.
Such highly produced content, this is great.
Ooh, I'm so looking forward to the next one. Great job in this one, too - as usual.
Ooooh great episode, and a great teaser for the next one!! Can't wait!
Excellent, as always. I think we all appreciate the effort you put into these videos.
I would be very interested to see the followup study on energy density. If the key defining characteristic of hyperpalatable foods is that they are more energy dense, it would also explain why a higher quantity of those foods were eaten (since they are more dense and therefore take up less space). It would be easier to overeat those foods since a small difference in volume would cause a dispropotionate difference in energy balance. It is similar to the difference between drinking light beer and hard liquor, one is much more concentrated than the other.
It’s always a pleasure to watch your videos. I’ve sent it to all my friends 😅
Loved the video again! Quite an amazing study and a clever approach to test the hypothesis
Another fabulous video. I hope you continue to educate the public for many years to come. Bravo 👏
Great episode! Kevin Hall has great quick studies to give further support to the benefit of nutrient dense whole foods over processed foods. Your videos are greatly appreciated.
Chris, THANK YOU for the enormous amount of time and energy (and expense) that you put into these videos. Your videos are THE MOST informative videos! Thank you!!!
I had a lot of trouble following this video for some reason, could really have benefited from a good summary at the end. Seems extremely interesting, probably just have to go back and listen twice. Thanks again for your work Chris
Thank you. One of the things I regret about this video is I didn't summarize the most profound point of all and I let many people miss it: Tera Fazzino's point that 84% of hyper palatable food is from the combination of fat and salt above a certain threshold, something we hadn't seen in the past until we figured out how to breed and feed animals to get their fat above that threshold. It's what our main meals have become. I'm going to make sure and open with that point in the followup. Sorry about that. 😢
Steve, this video was definitely more difficult to understand than normal Plant Chomper videos. Watching this again won't help much, because many concepts and abbreviations weren't defined.
I'm being unintentionally blunt, though. I still consider this a top notch video, which should be highly recommended to friends and family.
If all that we could take away from this video was that a team of professionals conducted a strict experiment with medical equipment, then that would be great news. The facts that the researchers didn't sensationalize, and that Chris seemed to cautiously approve of the of the methodology and the results, seems like good news.
@@PlantChompers maybe it is best to deal with that point in its own video; a Part 1b, if that makes sense. This will give the topic its own comment section, and give people time to digest the new info, while you finish Part 2.
I don't know what is best, though
Great work & video as always! 🌱👌🏼
I love how you do so many clever things like throwing Jim Gaffigan in the mix. Many years ago back in 2011 my son was about 7 years old and we had cut eating animals out for him as well by this point. Well, he already had got used to the hyperpalatability of bacon from his grandmother. We were on a very long road trip, on the way back to Western North Carolina on the east coast of Virginia going over massive Bridges and whatnot. Finally, late this night we stop at a subway in route in the middle of nowhere at a gas station. That was like the only place to eat for like ever. They had some nasty old gas station bacon for their subs he was really wanting more than anything, I refused to buy it. It would have been so easy to get him that bacon considering how bad he wanted it and how this was such a miserable part of the trip driving for so long and now I'm going to deprive him of eating something that his grandmother gave him. So I felt like the worst dad but for the best reasons I needed to be.
As soon as we got back in the car with our vegan subs I figured I would try something I had never tried before and play some Pandora with the family, previously it seemed risky but I was desperate at this point. My friend Tommy Brooks had turned me on to some Jim Gaffigan so I search him on Pandora and the very first random as synchronousity can be thing Jim rolled out was his classic bit on how much he loves bacon. It was the funniest thing ever at the most perfect timing ever and it made the trip awesome from that point on even though he didn't get get bacon ❤️ Jim Gaffigan save the road trip home. I will totally never forget that. It was such a long dark road to. And we just listen to endless comedy the rest of the way. So I especially love that you put him in the mix :) I just wish he would give vegan.
I imagine that, as well as the different food environment, the fact that the Woodstock attendees were YOUNG emphasised the difference.
Good stuff. Love your info, keep it coming.
I would love to see a vegan vs. vegetarian video focusing on longevity. I struggle with deciding between the 2 and believe that with your skill, you could provide clarity to the debate.
It has already been done by Dr. Hiroshi Shibata MD, Ph.D.
"The relationship of nutrient intakes to life expectancies in Japan since the Second World War has demonstrated that sufficient intakes of animal protein and fat are crucial for attaining longevity. In the community dwelling elderly, the higher the serum albumin was, the longer the further life expectancy in the elderly. Serum total cholesterol showed a U-shape relationship to further life expectancies in the elderly. Low serum cholesterol was deleterious for higher levels of functional capacity." 2001 study title: Nutritional factors on longevity and quality of life in Japan.
I agree with the comments below. I am always so excited when you post a new video. I can't wait for the follow up with Dr. Hall.
Plant Chompers, hello from Canada!
I'm really glad to hear about such controlled tests. I volunteered for some kind of confined medical/health research about a decade ago, but they shut down before I got a chance to be locked up. I really felt bummed out.
My major and only suggestion is regarding abbreviations. 16:55 & 17:00 This is a bad place to cut corners. It would be nice if you could explain abbreviations in various diagrams.
Thank you Chris. I love your channel, I watch everything you produce. I tell my friends about it. It's contributed to how I practice medicine and how I live my life. And by extension all the other people in my life that I serve and share with.
Thank you! I don't know how professionals in the medical field do it. My son-in-law is a primary care physician and I watch people ask him about their conditions and think, wow, I have no idea how to get to a diagnosis for the symptoms he hears. 🤷
You and your channel are amazing!
Another fabulous video, well-produced and so informative. Thank you for the references to Kevin Hall's work. I'm with him on the idea of making food simple. I just don't get the obsession of some people with making plant-based desserts that mimic, albeit compliantly, the foods that got us into this mess. I loved Kevin's slide of the unprocessed snacks in his study; lovely fruit and nuts, simple!
Ever since I found your channel, I've become more and more fascinated with nutrition and food politics. I've been on a mostly vegetarian diet for about a month now, and I feel healthier and more energetic! Thank you for your work, your videos are really invaluable and I really appreciate that you deliver information in a way that is easily understandable.
Good information, Chris, just what we need. The food companies are always looking to make their products more palatable and addictive. Keeping things plain and simple may not sound exciting, but it is best for the body and long-term sustainability.
That's the key for them to make lots of money (their primary goal) everything else is second priority, sad really.
Can't wait for the next episode!
The weekend has finally begun. 🥳🥳🥳
Yay, another Plant Chompers video !
Thank you. I appreciate your work and love your channel.
That was really informative! Thank you.
Thank you, Chris, for the excellent work you do.
WOW! Exciting research! This guy should have his own tv-series
Thanks for this. I’m relieved to hear it’s not the meat and saturated fat, and not the vegetables and fruit, that make us fat. It’s the processed crap that makes up so much of our diet. This now gives people the freedom to choose a way of eating that will get (or keep) us all where we want to be.
It is the fat too! It’s the saturated fat that’s gonna give you a heart attack.
Very interesting - as usual. I think, but I could be wrong, that the basic message was that ultra processed foods is the main cause of obesity rather that simply fat, salt or sugar. You might want to try and do a conversation with David Sinclair. He's written an amazing book called Lifespan: Why we age and why we don't have to. If this guy is half right we could all be living a lot longer. One of the interesting things he said, and which I think you will find interesting as a plant chomper, is that he recommends not eating too much protein. It turns out that excess protein causes you to age quicker.
Terrific as usual, Chris! Thanks again! And I must say, I'm now in my 12th or 13th year living on whole food, low fat, all plants all the time & I feel great. At 70, I'm slender & have none of the chronic diseases that seem to afflict nearly everybody my age. I really enjoy feeling great! And, I have no food cravings. None. Zero. Zilch. I eat whatever I want (from the incredible & long list of what I consider to be my food) whenever I'm hungry. I love my meals more than I ever did in my SAD eating days. And I always feel good after eating, unlike when I ate the SAD.
We are in exactly the same place! Except I crave dried jackfruit and cashews. 😁
@@PlantChompersOh me too! IF I eat them often. So I only consider dried fruits & those certain nuts & baked goods to be "my food" on major holidays & vacations. I put on weight very easily & I love to eat. This way, I don't need any special will power. I do enjoy my whole food frozen banana N"icecream fairly often, as in whenever I want. 😋
Same. Exactly!
So, you have no cravings, zero, zilch. If you have no cravings for nuts and dried fruit, why do you overconsume them?
@@brockwagner939 Actually, I don’t over consume them. Not for more than 10 years anyway. I always know that I'll be having a little dried fruits & nuts on holidays. I fill up on my regular favorites every day. So I don't get "the munchies" or feel deprived. To me, "the munchies" hint of insulin resistance. To me, "the munchies" occurs after eating concentrated, calorie dense foods, like nuts, seeds & processed hyperpalatable food-like products (yuck). Honestly, I don't want to eat foods that make me "hungry", instead of satisfying me. I love feeling satisfied, content. Turns out, it's whole natural plant foods, minimally processed in our kitchen, that reliably give me that feeling.
I once read an article on monkeys in zoos getting diabetes and obesity from eating conventional bananas. Our fruit is hybridized also to be lower in protein and fiber and higher in sucrose. So it's not just our meat, our junk food, but most of our food in general that has been tampered with.
I think this is why we can't just copy hunter-gatherer diets or just eat a variety from all food groups. We essentially need to come up with a combination of food (based on science) that gives us the best health results possible.
grapefruits are now sweet?
The Pleasure Trap by Dr.s Lyle and Goldhammer is about the hyper palatability of foods hijacking our hunger drive. By the way I can hardly wait for the next video showing Kevin's research findings on no added sugar keto versus vegan!!
You know, I've been thinking about taking my camera and touring True North, the clinic they run, and asking them about the book. It seems their clinic truly does produce some miracles, no? Some people arrive in wheelchairs and walk out?
@@PlantChompers Yes!! I think your audience would love that. I know I would!
I would like to go to True North so I could fast there for 30 days but I checked the prices and they were too much for me 😬
@@PlantChompersyes…that would be an epic video (or series of videos)!!
Ahh, I can't wait for the next episode!! :)
Superb, as always.
I always am happy when I get a notification that you have a new video and I was especially excited to view this one with Kevin Hall. It makes so much sense that ultra-processed foods are a main culprit for obesity. Some things I'm left curious about:
1) What about foods that exceed the minimum in all three of fat, sugar, and salt? I assume they're even worse. Are they super-ultra-processed foods?
2) I like the NOVA System. It's easy to understand. Its Group 4 foods seem to be using additional chemicals besides salt, sugar, and fat to created the pleasant eating experience in a way that the hyper-palatable food categorization may miss.
3) The protein leverage hypothesis seems to have something to it. Does protein powder help even though it is processed?
Just a thought but it could give one reason why all the blue zones eat legumes (beans etc). They're probably the best low fat source of protein that also include other nutrients like calcium, magnesium, fibre, resistant starch etc.
This was very interesting and two such likable humble characters! Great info, thank you for helping me better understand food! It’s horribly confusing.
If you ever run out of ideas ... I've love to see a discussion on if fructose in fruit is bad and if it is okay to eat fruit year round. Also does blending fruit into a smoothie negate the fiber content & does fruit eaten with protein cause glycation?
confirmed.
Blending your fruit doesn’t destroy its finer.
What a great video and conversation. I’ve been fascinated over the last ten years about the overthinking of food that seems to happen in the United States. I know, I’m one of those people. When one of my friends suggested that I was Food Inc. it ruined me! My over analytical brain was off to the races. So I fell into the rabbit hole of trying to understand diet and nutrition for myself. Here’s one big takeaway for me. Ten years later, I’m still confused 🤦🏻♂️
But seriously, thank you for helping to clear up many of these misconceptions. I’d certainly love to have a conversation with you about a lot of this one day.
Thanks again, Chris from a HUGE fan who resides in Australia.
Thank you ❣️ for all you do...
I'm 78 and there is no way people look the same today. I served in the Army in the late 60's and we had to do pull ups to enter the mess hall. The pull up bar is still there but the majority of troops are too fat to do them. Hall's explanation makes no sense, he's merely saying people are fatter today so your position in the bmi distribution would be the same. Something is going on and it's not our position in the bmi pecking order, people are unhealthy fat because of lousy food and lousy personal responsibility.
Thanks for the great video!
Something that hopefully most people will know: Heritable does not mean genetic. You can inherit the consequences of environment in many ways that aren't genetic. e.g. - The grandchildren of smokers will have higher odds of developing asthma with no difference in exposure.
Carlos Monteiro (15:00) provides a minute of info that is the most illuminating and frightening nugget in this video. He gives a clear explanation why ultra-processed foods are so unhealthy. I learn something new every day and today it’s “hyper-palatable.” I’ll never look at a Dorito the same way again.
When Chris started talking about added sugar (24:35), I immediately thought of Robert Lustig…and then Chris brought him up. I agree that sugar could be enemy number one. I read Gary Taube’s “The Case Against Sugar.” Very convincing, although I’ve since lost a lot of respect for Taubes and his keto obsession. It’s too simplistic just to blame sugar.
My one complaint with Kevin Hall is from a video I saw him in about a year ago. He seemed to suggest that losing weight wasn’t a significant prescription for diabetes treatment. At the same time I saw a video with the top diabetes researcher in Great Britain (sorry, forgot his name) who has gone to great lengths to show that losing weight is pretty much the only way to take control of diabetes.
The diabetes researcher is Professor Roy Taylor. Gil Carvalho has interviewed him on Nutrition Made Simple.
I made an episode about Roy Taylor: ua-cam.com/video/X5GIExMa4rM/v-deo.html
Roy Taylor. Of course! How could I forget? Watched both videos.
Excellent interview and quite a lot to chew on, literally and metaphorically, of course.
These experiments are really cool and I appreciate you commenting on them. I think it would be really interesting if someone did an experiment showing what can happen to the body on a totally organic diet versus non-organic. You would probably have to test heavy metal levels in the body before and after.. I don't know what else you could test for but I just think it would be interesting because I know so many people that don't care about eating anything organic and don't think it can contribute to a toxic overload in the body over time.
I think two differences from the 60s to now
1. 43% of people smoked vs. 14% now and smoking is an appetite suppressant.
2. Most families only had one car, most kids walked to school vs. now most get a ride.
I love getting all these books recommendations!
Excellent video. Looking forward to the follow up since I eat a low-saturated-fat plant-based diet.
Some milks are ultra-processed, such as when they are homogenized and ultra-pasteurized.
So I think Dr. Hall is testing to see if the weight gain in the first RCS was caused by emulsifiers and isolates (hyper processed foods) or hyper palatable foods? Or both? Excellent video as always.
I’m joining this discussion late as I only recently discovered your fabulous channel. A flaw in his study for matching fiber is that in another study by I think Barbara Rolls out of UPenn showed that adding fiber back changed satiety compared to eating whole food. They compared eating a meal with an apple, apple juice and apple juice with the pulp added back in and adding the fiber back wasn’t comparable to eating the whole apple in terms of satiety. Those that had the apple juice with the fiber added back in ate more than those who ate the apple whole. Barbara Rolls has published a few books focusing on calorie density for weight loss.
Thank you. Dr. Rolls is fabulous. www.harpercollins.com/blogs/authors/barbara-rolls-phd-20141120337753
Did they look at the effect of the supplements? Did they compensate at least partially for the very low quality of the processed foods diet?
Thank you!
Seeing the brand "Chef Boyardee". Holy nostalgia. Must be at least 30 years since I ate that.
Has anybody done a confinement study like that with a standard American ultra processed diet vs a WFPB diet? If not, I hope someone does! Also, for the study in the video, did they measure cardiometabolic and inflammatory markers in the blood before and after? That would tell a fuller picture than just weight change.
Yes, I hope they measure more than just weight, such as CRP, LDL, blood pressure, etc. Also, weight can be water, fat, or muscles.
Probably unethical to do that kind of study
There was a study done in Minnesota in the late 60’s at a mental health facility. The results were buried because the researchers didn’t like the result.
I think the bedt we'll get is a meta analysis using the Loma Linda data.
I always enjoy and look forward to learning and being entertained from your videos. From a video/ movie that i saw, Robert Lustig is a pediatric endocrinologist who was not able to cure but only manage a pediatric patient with type 2 diabetes who then continued to have diabetes as an adult. Many others have helped people cure themselves of type 2 diabetes by going whole food plant based. As an Anesthesiologist, I have helped coworkers normalized their hemoglobin A1c and rid themselves of diabetes by encouraging them to go plant based. I am also skeptical of the figure of 75% being the Genetics component of obesity. I have met a couple of identical twins who are very different BMI and healthewise due to nutrition, i.e mainly plant based vs standard western diet.
So not whole food nutritious omnivore diet vs. standard western diet? Or whole food nutritious low carb diet vs. standard western diet?
@@donniemoder1466 the identical twins looked the exact same in college. But 20 years later one is slim, trim, completely healthy being vegan while the other is obese on the SAD. Another set of identical twins (from France) one was slimmer and more healthy from eating less animal products. The unhealthier one had to have an appendectomy and got slimmer later by eating healthier.
LOCKED IN A METABOLIC WARD! Exactly as Bart Kay's incessant complaints have demanded for years! Wonder if he's aware of Hill and co.'s research? Looking forward to Part II; thanks for posting : )
After going raw vegan, my body has become intolerant to ultra processed food, and if i attempt to eat something like a beyond burger, i get extremely sick. I hardly if ever crave these types of foods anymore. If ever i am now at a healthy weight, have regular menstrual cycles cleared, my skin cured my ibs, and chronic fatigue. Im in better shape now in my 30s, then i ever was in my teens and 20s.
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Awesome video!
I would love to see you interview Walter Willett about his critiques of "low-fat diets" in Eat, Drink, and Be Healthy
Lol when you pulled out the dried jackfruit I could totally relate ... for me it's dried mango, pistachios, dates with peanut butter or my homemade oil free granola bars packed with dates. I don't struggle with my weight but well one can soon learn too much dried fruit can have other uncomfortable side effects.
My mum was born in 1925, her mum was born around 1895. At around 200lbs, I look exactly like my mum and grandmother in body shape. I've dieted down a couple of times, but the weight piled on until I get back to 'my' weight and then I stop putting weight on.☹
you could also call these problem food a dried food products. they are "nutritional dense" because they are drier than lets say an apple. with dry food you can eat more, but you still need same amount of water so you drink more water afterwards. not even counting the salt and stuff that require more water.
and then we loose out on the best water, the water in fruits and plants. its a nutritional shame that we do not get enough of those elements in real water.
Just a thought as to what I notice personally. I think dairy is the number one culprit. I think sugar and salt and oil too, but to a lesser degree then cheese specifically. I look at peoples carts and it seems the heaviest people always have cheese or cheese containing foods in their grocery cart. Maybe it’s the fat? The casomorphines? I think ultra processed food makes people overweight. But it seems cheese makes people morbidly obese. I noticed that everything now at restaurants is covered in thick layers of cheese way more then it used to be. In the 90s when I grew up people were way thinner then now. Low carb wasn’t a thing. Favorite pizza for most people was “deep dish”. The thicker the crust the better. And it certainly wasn’t whole wheat. Cheese stuffed crust and stuff like that wasn’t around yet. Breakfast cereal was a staple. So were Pop Tarts. We ate meat. Meat was a daily staple. Dinner was usually roast with mashed potatoes. Steak with baked potatoes. Pork chops with Mac n cheese. But we didn’t eat that much cheese. I mean. We did eat cheese. But not like people do today. Nobody did. Good luck finding a deep dish pizza like how we used to like them in the 90s!! I don’t think it’s meat or fat. I think it’s dairy. And ultra processed foods. My point is. In the 90s we ate lots of white bread, Butter and sugar but not as much dairy or fried foods though. I remember my favorite restaurant was a “potato bar” where you’d go in and get a baked potato loaded with whatever you wanted on it. I really miss that place. My favorite pizza was a deep dish. And I was so thin I looked gaunt. I also ate a ton of meat back then. And I was super healthy. So I don’t know. It’s all I can come up with.
I see Kevin & Chris & instantly I must hit the thumbs up.
MUST HIT THUMBS UP.
(how's that for subliminal suggestion)
Great video as usual. I think that in our actual environment doge the hyper palatable doable but certainly we have to put more effort than our ancestors.
I’m loving your videos. Thanks for doing them. I’ve been a diabetic for 14 years. Of course I tried low carb, but it stopped working for weight loss and blood sugar control over time. I’m now mostly vegan. (Let’s say I’m heading that direction.) You convinced me. Other diets may help in other ways, but plant based seems to be the only diet with an indication of longevity.
FYI, I’d love to see a video on sweeteners and sugars. It’s very confusing to figure out what is safe. Erythritol was recently found to increase stroke risk! Is Agave bad for my liver? Stevia extract does not taste great by itself, when it is blended with things like Maltitol it raises blood sugar… How should I sweeten my Chia / Almond milk breakfast? That’s my suggested topic when you have time! Thanks!
Try the carnivore diet. It is almost zero carb. Plants have a lot of carbs.
“Stop working” has also been a complaint of the low carb Atkins diet. Dr. Fung has explained why. Fasting is extremely important for lowering insulin sensitivity. Here is a article describing the process: “Fung uses longer fasting periods to lower insulin levels, allowing the body to recover from insulin resistance. To avoid hunger from fluctuating blood sugar levels, the patient is first weaned off refined carbohydrates and started on the healthy fat low carbohydrate diet. A minimum initial prolonged fast of 36 hours to 3 days may be needed to start the process of reversing insulin resistance. For morbidly obese patients Fung uses initial fasts of 7 to 21 days.”
Dr. fung was *shamefully* hack job reviewed on this channel in a video on diabetes. He neglected to mention the core ideas of the book in favor of nitpicking minor issues. Outrageously claiming the book was mostly a fact checked as wrong book. Pure drivel and nonsense claims.
Total BS: “In Fung’s clinic at the University of Toronto, *most of the patients with type 2 diabetes have a complete reversal of the disease and are off medications in 3 to 6 months.”*
All of these papers (and this channel in his preposterous “review” of the book) etc ignore the importance of fasting which is key to Dr Fung’s approach. “Fung stresses the importance of fasting to lower insulin levels enough to begin using body fat for energy. He argues that nutrition for weight loss has been overly focused on what is eaten, and not sufficiently focused on how often we eat. Humans have spent most of their time on earth eating just one meal a day. Eating three meals a day is cultural, and contributes to the epidemic of overweight and obesity, especially with the increased intake of refined carbohydrates.”
Is it just the food, a lot of people don’t move their bodies much now either. A factor?
Exactly huge factor
In my opinion, an overlooked part of the processed diet rich in salt and sugar encourages us to drink much more water whether sugar is mixed in or not, your body uses some of that water to store fat in your adipose tissue. No matter how hyper palatable if there was no drink, all the sugar and salt would be unappetizing pretty quickly.
So many things have changed in our environment since my childhood-the ubiquity of antibiotics, glyphosate,PFAS and PCOA in our water and soil, animals raised in CAFOs on GMO Roundup Ready feed, eating 6 times a day (my supposedly functional medicine doc recommended this to my obese daughter who has put on weight at a rate not explained by diet or activity since birth as she was on IV antibiotics npo for her first 2 weeks. NICU for NEC scare, normal gestation and birth weight). I have zero doubt that disrupted microbiome explains 98% of the variance in obesity as when I had complete control of diet and activity she was already off the charts for weight gain. Once school, school snacks, team sport snacks etc it only accelerated the curve. Now living with boyfriend who eats a horrid ultra processed diet (is skinny) the trajectory is off the charts. Headed for morbidity and inability to exercise meaningfully. I watch in impotence. All I can do is set a good example in my own healthspan lifestyle and offer my support when (if) she ever asks for my help. Participating in the Zoe health study and at 65+ on no meds for anything.
Wow, I can't wait for the 2nd edition about the highly palatable foods. That really pinpoints me in many ways. I really do want to eat more of highly palatable foods and have to catch myself. However, I also know there are more processed foods (even homemade whole wheat baked goods) that I will gain weight eating - in a heartbeat. Maybe because they are highly palatable, too?? Who knows! All I know is that as a plant-food-based eater I am still overweight, despite excellent blood work numbers recently. I have a relative who is skinny as a rail in his 40's, but his doctor told him his is TOFI - thin outside/fat inside. Do I give up and realize that 75% of people's genetics is the issue? 🙅♀
Fascinating.
This espisode is facinating. I cannot get enough of this information...I am officially.a nerd.
We are fat, because we are less active, are fed crappier food, (bad food is cheaper) and have a lot of distractions away from activity.
Your videos are up there with Dr Michael Greger,, informative,, and data driven, good job
Obesity is taking over Asia as well. 15 years ago, highly processed food was not available in Cambodia. Today, junk food has taken over the store shelves and where the locals were svelt, even by standards of the 60s, today, many are just plain fat.
You can also pick out the ones who still follow traditional diets comparen to convenience food diets by their complexions. 15 years ago, you couldn't find a pimple, today, that is not the case.
I quit sugar, alcohol, fast food, bread and eating anything after 7:00 pm. Smaller portions of a balanced nutritional intake. Lost 50lbs in 4 months. No strict NO- carb diet or any high fat and lots of meat diet. Just smaller portions and better nutritional choices.
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I’ve always found that sugar, even added when consumed mindfully is much less detrimental to my BMI than paying attention to fat intake.
That is my experience exactly. It was fascinating to see Tera say the combo of fat and salt was the most responsible for the lion's share of hyper palatable foods.
@@PlantChompers My intense love of peanut butter speaks to this truth on a spiritual level. LOL. Thank goodness something like PBFIT exists or I’d be a goner.
@@PlantChompers yes, also my experience. Is it because fat is already fat, so if eaten excess calories, it can be stored more easily in the body than sugar (de novo lipogenesis)... did I understand it correctly?
I eat an animal and plant based diet.
If I eat a high fat diet I have a ravenous hunger.
If I eat a low fat diet there is a calmness about my hunger and I just eat much less and that includes added sugar.
@@PlantChompers I eat high fat with added salt, but do not find the need to overeat. Mind you, I don't eat any hyper processed foods and very little processed. Cheese might be the closest to being processed. The only sugar I get is from a few berries. All of the obese people I know eat high levels carbs/sugar combined with poor quality fats (seed oils) and the salt/sodium is often coming along for the ride because they are eating hyper processed foods.
Fantastic.