When Was the Bible Written?
Вставка
- Опубліковано 25 сер 2022
- Buy the summary chart:
usefulcharts.com/collections/...
Who Wrote the Bible Series:
1. Torah - • Who Wrote the Torah? (...
2. Prophets - • Who Wrote the Nevi'im?...
3. Writings - • Who Wrote the Ketuvim?...
4. Apocrypha - • Who Wrote the Apocryph...
5. Gospels & Acts - • Who Wrote the Gospels?
6. Epistles - • Who Wrote the Epistles?
7. Daniel & Revelation - • Who Wrote the Book of ...
8: Summary Chart - • When Was the Bible Wri...
Biblical Chronology Video:
• Biblical Chronology
Recommended Reading:
* Alter, Robert (2011). The Art of Biblical Narrative. Basic Books.
* Baden, Joel (2012). The Composition of the Pentateuch: Renewing the Documentary Hypothesis. Yale University Press.
* Coogan, Michael (2001) The Oxford History of the Biblical World. Oxford University Press
* Finkelstein, Israel & Neil Asher Silberman (2001). The Bible Unearthed. Free Press.
* Kugel, James (2007). How to Read the Bible. Free Press.
* Stein, Robert H. (2001). Studying the Synoptic Gospels: Origin and Interpretation. Baker Academic.
Credits:
Charts & Narration by Matt Baker, PhD
Animation by Syawish Rehman
Intro music "Lord of the Land" by Kevin MacLeod and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution license 4.0. Available from incompetech.com
I remember my Jewish Studies professor trying to explain this back in the intro classes of my degree...boy do I wish he had this chart because it would have been so easier and clearer than how he did. Thank you Matt!
I understand. I had a similar experience in cultural anthropology. Having read the salient sources to the point I was thinking in an entitled manner (we in the west understand everything-you poor poor primitives), I was so enlightened (a relative term) at a lecture by Chagnon about his externship among the Yanamamo that it opened doors in my mind which have let a bit of light into the dusty shadows of my preconceptions ever since.
At this point Matts biblical lessons could be made into an intro-level university course.
no joke.!!!!
oh 100%!
Yeah, I studied History at university a few years ago now, focusing on ancient jewish and christian history. Having these videos would have helped me SO much with solidifying my contextual and chronological understanding of these biblical sources
for sure it is!
I'm hoping Matt will also cover the Angels in some way.
I don't think so.
The series on who wrote the Bible has been really a great effort and one I enjoyed A LOT, would love if you made some deep dive on some books
The bible really is the most ambitious crossover event in history, move aside Marvel
It's the greatest story ever told
Yeah the BCU (Bible cinematic universe) is pretty wild!!!
I mean, it's half a millennium in the making!
absolutely!!!!
the longest and most complex fan-fiction too!!
I got so shocked when I saw this in my notifications because I had just finished rewatching both the Biblical Genealogy and Who Wrote the Bible Series. Thank you for revisiting the series and for making my day once again with your educational charts and videos! ❣️
What is the link for the biblical genealogy video
The genealogy series starts here: ua-cam.com/video/I6Oj-HyHIAY/v-deo.html
@@UsefulCharts
Thank you
Very similar for me-I had just finished rewatching the Who Wrote the Bible series the day before!
Wonder why we don't have a definite chart regarding the time line of 1260 years that John and Daniel describe? Lots of theories but no definite chart.
Thank you for this series and all your other videos as well. I have dyslexia so I find your presentations very informative and helpful. I wish I had your charts back when I was teaching history. They would've been so useful for my students.
Such an incredible overview. I've learnt SO much about my own religion from this channel, its actually incredible! Thank you Matt, as always!
Can you explain where Yahweh and El fit into this? Aren’t they like both God Kings?
Your WWTB videos inspired me to start reading the Bible!
I've just finished the Apocrypha and moved onto the New Testament!
I knew the series was over, so I was very excited to see an Episode 8 uploaded!
Thank you for all that you do, Mark!
I don't see any serious study about the 1260 year timeline we are directed to understand by Daniel and Johns challenges. It seems only theoretically understood and nothing substantial.
Sometime in my past I learned from when it will rain in the Bible that the holy spirit guide them through it so there was no mistakes God's word?
Your narration style is so clear and easy to follow! 😊
Very good voice I would say!
I wonder why they don't have a definite time chart for the 1260 year timeline of both Daniel and John's revelation is it still only theoretical?
I just finished watching the series a few days ago. You have the best timing!
It'd be really cool to see more videos about other theories for the same question, like the theory of Professor Israel Knohel.
He suggests that the origin of the Bible and the Israelites is from a number of places in modern day Syria, the Hyskos of Egypt, as well as the existing Canaanite population.
I recently re-watched all the episodes, thank you for this great series!
I always enjoy your presentations, they are well researched, well presented and UNBIASED. Really appreciate that! Keep it up! As you always emphasise the difference between legend myth and actual history.
lol unbiased
Your work is wonderfull. Those charts are real gems of knowledge. Thanks
I LOOOOVE THIS SERIES. I ALSO REALLY *LOVE* THE SOUND OF YOUR VOICE 😃😄 ...fangirling out of the way. I WOULD BE SUPER interested to have you narrate a version of this chart's introduction, which further highlights which Suras in the Quran refer to which of these bible books, from which times, and which authors, and which sources. Do you know to what extent each Sura relates to one respective bible story, or do they mix them up and rearrange them? Also how do we know of the exact origin times these earliest books came from, considering we have no surviving originals/samples?
Really useful summary. I was vaguely aware of the sequencing (especially of the New Testament), but this is a great visualization that will help many understand how the Bible(s) were put together.
I am so happy I come across your Channel I am learning a lot Sir, thank you so much.
This is exactly what I was looking for when you released the "Who Wrote the Bible" series. Thanks Matt!
Wonder why they don't have a definite chart regarding the book of Daniel and Johns 1260 year timeline. Is it only theoretical?
Nice summary that ties together at a macro level your previous works. All of these should be useful to students of the bible as well as the historical events that were taking place at the time that the books were written. Thank you.
I put something similar together (to help with my own understanding) but your format is so much clearer. I might just have to get one!
😍😍😍 I come back to this series so much this is fantastic
Thank you again. Absolutely fascinating.
Great summary! As a suggestion for the future, you should take a look at the relationships between the Church Fathers - you could potentially make a chart with their descent from the Apostles and the connections between them, highlighting areas of major doctrinal agreement. I suppose you could also do the same with Jewish Rabbis instead, showing the transmission of doctrine and authority?
James/Peter/Paul movements across time and space would be most helpful.
Awesome that this series is continuing
Best vids on YT. I have watched them all wayyyyyy too many times.
So fascinating! I wish I could remember all of this! 🤦♀️
I love the Bible videos! Keep it up!
Very nice. Been waiting for this.
Awesome content, I love this channel.
Your charts are amazing x
Great chart! As always. It took me years to understand this stuff. How are you a pro on every subject?
I like this representation of the papyri of the earliest parts of the New Testament compared to an earlier video that referenced these objects. You give a good visual representation here.
Hi Matt, I was a member of WWCG too from 1981-1995. Although I have some lifelong friends…it was so mind controlling. Thank you for these videos. Shalom
Great content 👍.
Thanks very much for a very concise yet otherwise complicated chronology of the Holy Bible. Just wonder if any plans on a chart over the Gnostic Bibles. Or, could one be already out?
Thanks again!
I can’t wait for episode 9 of this ongoing series.
Is a "summary" not the last one?
@@elmajraz6019 nope. There's always spinoffs, multiverses, black labels, ultimate, and knights editions! When all else failed, we can always reboot and retcon!
@@AndreSamosir what? Could you give an example of every single one of them?
@@elmajraz6019 you got it or not?
@@king_halcyon nope
Brilliant series. Love your work! If you ever need a new project, could you do something similar on dharmic (Hindu Jain Buddhist Sikh) texts?
Yep, lots of religions left in the world to explore. Hinduism has a lot of sacred texts, which could provide enough material for a bunch of videos.
Wonderful video thank you so much. It might be worth pointing out that modern scholarship suggests a connection between the books of Mark and John. That is that John was aware of Mark and though didn't "borrow" a lot from Mark his Gospel was likely written as something to be read alongside Mark.
Thank you Matt. 🙏👍
I suggest you create videos about geologic time scale from hadean eon to meghalayan age of holocene epoch of quaternary period of cenozoic era of pharanezoid eon. 🙂 And also about the current debated epoch, anthropocene epoch.
Hoping to publish a Timeline of Prehistory next year. It will include geological periods.
I have watched the series several times, especially the first video. They are so educational as well as entertaining. Thank you, Matt. Have you ever looked into the "Genesis and the Moses Story" view of who wrote the pentateuch?
Wonder why they don't have a definite time chart regarding the 1260 year timeline of Daniel and John's revelation? Is it only theoretical?
Love your videos on the Abrahamic religions so far! Which begs the question, are there any other monotheistic religions in the world that originated outside of the middle east and are not Abrahamic? I don't know if this kind of topic is relevant to your channel's content but I would love for you to do a video on it!
A history of the ecumincal councils, and the changes to the bible that they produced would be interesting to learn about. Maybe a bonus 9th episode of this series. I wonder if theres any correlation to our oldest survivng complete copies being from right around the time they decided to have a council decide what to omit or retain in the writings. The first 7 are the most important obviously, but the vast majority of people are unaware of the 20+ ecumenicals. Maybe a full chart of just the councils would do better than a bonus episode though.
You should do a video on the apocrypha part of this chart as well
Honestly the fact that all these different documents over centuries happened to come together and translated to thousands of languages in the modern day, after milennia, for a couple religions, is amazing. I feel the bible is the most iconic and important religious text ever made. No matter when the books where written or by whom, it is an amazing piece and achievement of literature. I feel being historical and non literalist makes it even more of an amazing creation, but that's just my opinion.
Can you do a chart of the royal families of microstates please.
I'm buying this freaking chart. It's going on my wall.
you are one SMART dude.!!!!!!!!!
i wish i had 1/10th of your vast knowledge.!!!!!!!
👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍
what a coincidence, this video showed up while i was rewatching your video on the Book of Mormon
Ill have to watch that one, didn't know he made one.
Great charts and would love to buy some but freight cost is prohibitive. When will you modernise and make PDF versions available for purchase?
Wow. This is ambitious... I'll watch it later in peace and quiet...
This is really cool.
Nice vid
New subscriber, big fan!
Liked and shared.
For the oldest known complete copy of the Tanakh there is Aleppo Codex, which comes earlier than the Leningrad Codex. Although it is damaged during wars its texts are recovered and made up the Jerusalem Crown, the official edition of such version of the Tanakh of state of Israel
Does Matt/UsefulCharts have a video outlining the history behind the Persian period, Roman period, etc.?
Hello! I recommend for you to make the family tree, where we can see, how are related any famous Hollywood actors with Elizabeth II
Thanks for sharing this. It would be incredibly interesting to know more about the old remaining scriptures, what they contain and what's missing, and where they are kept. Are any of them shown in museums?
You can see some dead sea scrolls and some other early copies in Shrine of the Book museum in Jerusalem.
@@tlanimass952 Thank you!
Wonderful presentation! I think i will buy that chart! Couple things....do you get any push back / grief from fundamentalist Christian pastors who still...in 2022...refuse to recognize scholarship in laying out Bible history? Also the current majority of scholarship probably finds that the gospel of john was independent of the other gospels but thats starting to tilt toward john at least having mark if not all three. See dr mark goodacre at Duke U
Brilliant summary of an amazing series. Besides Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, do you plan to extend this series to other religious books, such as the Avesta (I know that only part of it survived), the Vedas, the Tripitaka, the Kojiki and Nihon Shoki, etc?
Yeah please do it too.. I wanna learn about other religions 🙏
Thi is a great idea. Please do.
Stop mention Islam. Islam has no part in the Abrahamic beliefs. Islam is plagiarism
@@trevinowens70 lol.. what animosity..
Hi, I would like to buy a poster for a Venezuelan school, are there plans to sell posters in Spanish? Kind regards
it's kind of weird that the northern part was more related to Egypt which is in the south of the land of Israel, and the southern part is more related to Mesopotamia which is in the north of the land of Israel
If you happen to know: Why does the order of books in the Masoretic text manuscripts (Aleppo & Leningrad Codices) differ from the order of books given in the Talmud (Bava Batra 14b 8-11)? And do you know if there are any old manuscripts that *do* follow that order?
This series is really interesting and something I recommend others watch! What is everyone's favorite book of the bible?
My all time favorite is Ester.
Book of Jonah!!! Sea Adventures, Giant fish, a message about xenophobia, and mercy.
Exodus
Genesis
Mine is Deuteronomy.
When the origin stories were seperate did they each involve a bit of monotheism? Or did that really come through at a later time after they combined?
Flow of charts
I'd be interested to see how the bible has evolved since the end of this chart. How different is the King James or New International version different from the Codex Vaticanus, and when we're those changes made?
Will there be a video dedicated to the book of Esther? It would be interesting 🙂
I have to disagree on the beginning date. Now it's just a theory at the moment but in Egypt, around 1600 bc the tomb of Avaris was discovered under the city of Ramsey. It had 12 Graves, with 12 pillars, and one grave was built like a mini pyramid. Inside was a statue of a red haired individual with a striped painted coat.
Matt has the kind of voice that they bring in for a hostage situation to talk everybody down. Guy’s like the physical embodiment of the chemical THC 😂
Please do who would be King of Britain today if they had male-only succession and not male preference
A video on how we actually know any of this (given our oldest physical source is the DSS) would be cool.
can you give a reference like a youtube video regarding the polythesitic origins of The isrealite religion?
I often see the Book of Job come up in searches as the oldest book in the Bible. In a simply Google, one can see this displayed. If so, how do you reconcile this with your research, good sir? Am I misunderstanding something? Please assist.
There's a lot of disagreement about when Job was written. There's no hard evidence, but that's true about most of the Old Testament.
You should do Bill Cosby’s family tree next !
So...maybe I'm misunderstanding the chart, but I'm not sure about the way this is structured relating to P taking the JE sources and adding content, but with no earlier source of P writing.
I'm just thinking about the way the story of Noah is weirdly interlaced, where it will take a few verses from J, and a few contradictory verses from P and just basically interlace them. Or the way the creation account in Genesis 1 (from P) is just very different from the one in Genesis 2-4 (from J) including what order stuff was created from, whether things were created from dust or water, etc.
Just...seems like visually there should be a P writings bubble that later gets combined later with JE. Whereas visually this chart makes it look like P writers found JE, and added some extra paragraphs, which...doesn't line up from what I know about how P and J are mixed together in Genesis. (Probably works fine as an explanation in Exodus and Numbers. Exodus and Numbers do read like someone just took a story and added in some barely related laws and carpentry instructions).
you have a pretty good base on JPED it appears. i have many questions similar. i just finished 2 book by a brilliant Jewish scholar Nahum M Sarna "Understanding Genesis" (which tackles the Noah issue) and " Exploring Exodus: the origins of Biblical Israel" they are available online if you search. Sidebar: always fascinated with 1 Kings 10:14 & Rev 13: 17-18 Re: "666" . I'm on a continuing cycle on reading the Holy Bible (started abt 2 years ago) i finish an start over again and again etc. i think i'm on circuit 6 now. Being Catholic i have several books more. God Bless you !
Yeah, there are so many different versions of both the Documentary Hypothesis and the Supplementary Hypothesis (with good arguments for each) that it was very difficult to map. I kind of shot for the middle in order to visualize the basic consensus view.
What about the Keter 'Aram-Tsoba and the Masorah Gedolah (original MT) underlying the Leningrad Codex from about 300 years earlier???
And for the "NT", the first translation of at least the "Gospel of John in Sahidic Coptic, is a much better rendition than the present Vatican-approved texts also for Protestants.
Wow Judges 5 is such an incredibly accurate passage. But as is the entire Bible. Soon to complete the video but so much to think about. It is my view that most of the Bible is derived from the numbers and its relation to Fibonacci. Given that judges five is seems personally relevant - my family is Bible people after all; there is much pragmatism in eternal live. When really studied Moses is also the theory of evolution.
First of all, I would like to say how much i enjoy and learn from your series of videos, and that I am subscribed to the channel.
With particular regards to the origin story of the Jews, our version in Islam doesnt have that split between the version with Abraham vs. the version with Moses as you speculated. They basically complete each other chronologically.
The idea is that Abraham was persecuted in Mesopotamia after rejecting the pagan faith of his people, and moved/fled to Kanaan. His offspring with a previously barren Sarah was Isaac, and his grandchild was Jacob. Jacob's 11 sons joined Joseph in Egypt and their offspring started the 12 tribes of Israel. Eventually the tides changed in Egypt and the Israelites became enslaved and persecuted in Egypt (probably for being affiliated with the invading Hyksos) until Moses was sent to deliver God's 'chosen people' out of Egypt and into the promised land..
Yup, that's the same story that's found in the Bible. The idea of it being two seperate stories is based on deconstructing the text.
I wiil do my homework to revise several opinions, I can recognize high critique side in some issues I don't see other options like Isaiah as one person writing...is part of our duty to verify if some data are accurate...
It is strange to learn these things in contrast to the simplistic impression I, and probably most people have during their initial introduction to religion, that the Bible was basically written as the events happened, or shortly after, by the subjects of the books.
I’ve always found the idea that the Levites may have come from Egypt and served as the source of the exodus concept compelling..like they seem really sure they came from Egypt and I think that ancient Israel would have loved to have had the claim that they had always lived in Canaan, rather than moving there and conquering it. The Bible, especially those early books, seem to put a lot of emphasis on individuals who are stand-ins/ancestors for large groups of people. Moses for the Levites, and eventually all of Israel, the various sons of Adam are basically the ancestors of the various tribes and nations the Israelites interacted with, at least that was their explanation for the world around them.
In the exile and postexcile, the exact chronology of these stories was set to tell a spiritual story of their people.
Either way, I think Moses is either an amalgamation of people, or perhaps he was even a real person, who led some group out of Egypt and his people eventually became what we remember as the tribe of Levi.
One question - how do we know there were different versions of earlier writings when we do not have these different versions? Did the Dead Sea Scrolls contain some of these variations? For example Genesis before it was further added and modified.
Bingo!
Now I feel guilty I though that series was so useful and informative I right clicked and saved the prototype chart when he didn't seem to put it up for sale.
Please do one for English dictionaries.
How do the Jahwists and Elohists fit into this chart?
I think you missed the link between the Apōcrypha and to the Septuagint.
5:15 Is monolatrism that early? We have Jews in Elephantine around 400 BCE who have their own temple, and are there worshiping gods in addition to Yahweh. And they are around that time sending a letter to the Jerusalem temple to ask for monetary help, obviously under the impression that the Jerusalem community is ok with them and their worshiping of other gods in addition to Yahweh, enough to send them money.
Aesop wrote that book in Hades now called Egypt. During the time of Moses & Ramses ll. It is the 1st history book and classroom book. Like School History books in todays times it is the same thing. However there is one difference. Once those Pyramids were finished the book was to sit inside one of them. Once those were locked someone during a specific period of life was to have a written story that would be monumental to most of life and add it to that book. example- Industrial Revolution or Columbus discovery might be something that would be left in the book. The treasures that were inside were a gift to that person. Only to take one item for their troubles though. Being looted over time took that sort of magical moment away from the entire population. For it was not specific who could leave a story of life on earth for the time period the moment struck. Like in the movie the Mummy 5/7/99 (my 26th bday) there was a secret way in & out and you mustn't tell anyone what you saw once outside. During the building process Osiris spoke out and said this: translation- They are going to come in here. Of course that was the idea but he meant a lot of people and take all the things out. Like Scorpion King with Dwayne Johnson it was suppose to go like that. No one was more special it just was random that a person felt an urge and was drawn to Hades/Egypt to leave such a story. How do i know all of this. Well Im back(Aesop) regarding these Solar Flares that could ultimately destroy you all and all life on earth in general as well as the dangers of Climate Change and the like. Any other theories and such are just not true. Thanks.
Glad my book has touched soo many people for soo many lifetimes. The children's book did well too. Aesop's Fables.
I listed to this for about 8 minutes and wondered, what happened to the influence of the Ethiopian bible (the oldest bible on earth)? This bible (Ethiopian) precedes the Romans and Europe by thousands of years. I will watch this whole series to understand the bible's origin. What has given me pause is just a small number of people on Earth are include in all versions of the bible.
Your dates are a bit off
Hi.. I appreciate ur work.where can i get this chart as pdf
Sorry I don't sell my large charts as PDFs.
Loved the video! Do you know where I can find a good ancient Hebrew/ancient Greek to English dictionary?
You'll have to get one for Hebrew and one for Greek. Do you know the Hebrew and Greek alphabets?
@@UsefulCharts No, but I am trying to learn them and am slowly learning it
There is a site called Blue Letter Bible which shows a Bible and then Hebrew and Greek translations of the words.
One standard classic Bible lexicon for language students for Hebrew is the Koehler-Baumgartner, "Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon for the Old Testament" (HALOT). An older one is Brown-Driver-Briggs. William Holladay has a concise abridgment of Koehler-Baumgartner.
The standard classic Greek Bible lexicon for language students is the Bauer-Danker-Arndt-Gingrich (BDAG). A broader dictionary for Ancient Greek is “The Brill Dictionary of Ancient Greek (English and Greek Edition).” Another is “The Cambridge Greek Lexicon 2 Volume Hardback Set.” The older standard for ancient Greek is the Liddell-Scott-Jones. The Brill and Cambridge serve as newer replacements for LSJ.
@@dhrevrogers BDAG is kind of expensive. Thayer is still pretty good and you can get it for free.
hey ah this will sound wierd but i want to know if me and you are some how related you know when you made a video about how you and mrbeat are related well i wanted to know pls make video so then we both get the more you know. semes funny
Are you saying various tribes are telling unrelated stories around the same time, and then all of the stories were edited to fit (relate) with one another over time?
Are you familiar with Prof. Richard Elliot Friedman? He says P was written pre-exillic period as a replacement for JE by the Aaronid priesthood. Then the redactor combined JE, P, and D at the end of the exile and the Torah we know today was brought to Jerusalem at the beginning of the post-exillic period.
"The Bible with Sources Revealed" by Richard Elliot Friedman. Pg 4
"In critical scholarship, there are two main views of when it was composed. One view is that P was the latest of the sources, composed in the sixth or fifth century BCE. The other view is that P was composed not long after J and E were combined-- specifically, that it was produced by the Jerusalem priesthood as an alternative to the history told in JE. Linguistic evidence now supports the latter view and virtually rules out the late date for P."
Yup. I'm familiar with this view.
@@UsefulCharts how did Yahweh and El fit into the Mosaic and Abrahamic origin stories? Who is whose? Isn’t Yahweh more connected to Moses, who you tell is a hero in NORTH, contrary to the SOUTH who used "Yah-" prefixes in their names?
@@king_halcyon Your question is directed at Matt but I think I may be able to answer it. Keep in mind, I'm not at biblical scholar. I'm getting this info from other Scholars, mainly Richard Elliot Friedman. I think there's a misconception that the name YHWH originated with the source J (Southern kingdom with patriarchy origin) and El, or Elohim, originated with E (Northern kingdom with Moses tradition). This is not the case. The major distinction between J and E is NOT the use of God's name but when God's name (YHWH) was revealed to humans. In J, humans have always known God as YHWH. In E, YHWH's name isn't revealed until Moses. But both J and E use both names for God at different times in their respective narratives. The names YHWH and El were already associated to the same god before J and E were composed.
What about analysis of each book in the bible
The book of Job’s date is highly debated. I’m guessing it to be a very ancient story, perhaps put together much later. I believe it to be the only fictional book in Tanakh, and was written to be interpreted as such, however based on real people who have existed.
"Codex Leningradensis"? 😅 What an irony, that one of the most significant codices of judeo-christian history bears a name that replaced the original name of a city dedicated to St. Peter (and St. Paul).
Your theme song sounds Elizabethan. Am I close?
No mention of the books discarded by those in charge at different times, such as the Book of Judas and the Gnostic Bible ?
Matt Baker for President. Baker-Musk, I can see the bumper sticker already.