Mazda Creates The Holy Grail Of Gasoline Engines - HCCI SkyActiv-X
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- Опубліковано 12 сер 2017
- How Mazda's Spark Controlled Compression Ignition Engine Works
How HCCI Engines Work - • The Most Efficient Int...
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Mazda may have solved the mystery of HCCI engines with their latest engine to be introduced in 2019, SkyActiv-X. The engine uses a spark plug to overcome the challenges generally associated with HCCI engines. The engine will be capable of running on compression only, or using a spark plug to control timing. Compression ignition gasoline engines are 20-30% more efficient, yet have much cleaner emissions than diesel engines as they burn cooler, limiting the amount of NOx.
From Mazda's Press Release regarding SkyActiv-X:
"Technological innovations
- SKYACTIV-X is the world’s first commercial gasoline engine to use compression ignition, in which the fuel-air mixture ignites spontaneously when compressed by the piston
- A proprietary combustion method called Spark Controlled Compression Ignition overcomes two issues that had impeded commercialization of compression ignition gasoline engines: maximizing the zone in which compression ignition is possible and achieving a seamless transition between compression ignition and spark ignition.
Features
- This new proprietary combustion engine combines the advantages of gasoline and diesel engines to achieve outstanding environmental performance, power and acceleration performance.
- Compression ignition and a supercharger fitted to improve fuel economy together deliver unprecedented engine response and increase torque 10-30 percent over the current SKYACTIV-G gasoline engine.3
- Compression ignition makes possible a super lean burn4 that improves engine efficiency up to 20-30 percent over the current SKYACTIV-G, and from 35-45 percent over Mazda’s 2008 gasoline engine of the same displacement. SKYACTIV-X even equals or exceeds the latest SKYACTIV-D diesel engine in fuel efficiency.
- With high efficiency across a wide range of rpms and engine loads, the engine allows much more latitude in the selection of gear ratios, providing both superior fuel economy and driving performance."
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Take it from a competitor - Nissan calls HCCI “the highest potential heat efficiency among internal-combustion engine systems” and “the ultimate combustion method for achieving both CO2 reduction and clean exhaust.” This is big news that we’ll see it in a production car soon!
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Hopefully they show us what it can do in a more performance orientated car. Would be super cool to see.
Engineering Explained how does compare to achates power engine
Hydrogen already has an exceptionally high burn speed so the benefits over conventional systems wouldn't be as apparent. But it's a moot point anyway as hydrogen is best used in a fuel cell to make electricity
EE- Did Mazda say anything about being able to remove existing emissions control equipment like cat converters and still meet emissions targets? It seems like a good cost saving measure if you just perfected combustion
There is no such thing as clean exhaust from a gasoline or diesel engines. None.
Was in Hiroshima a couple of weeks back and speaking to one of the Mazda staff about this engine. They stated (and it was repeated in their release video UA-cam: wEh8MgFLNh8) that the work they did for their clean sheet approach to the Skyactiv-G and Skyactiv-D engines was intended as the path to this Skyactiv-X engine. Of course with those, the non detuned G had a compression ratio of 14:1 (very high for gasoline) and the diesel had the same compression ratio (14:1 very low for diesel). The diesel follows on from numerous studies of low compression diesel using a single cylinder (Example "A Survey on Low Compression Ratio Diesel Engine" - Bridjesh P et al) where there was lower NOx and soot, however cold starts were an issue. Mazda sorted this out by redirecting exhaust during startup (I experience this daily because I have a Skyactiv-D, and even on the coldest mornings it takes just a few minutes to warm up where you cannot exceed 50km/h). The bonus however has been lower NOx and lower soot. Both of these were illustrated recently. Japanese government investigations into diesel engines post VW dieselgate, showed that Mazda's engine was the only engine to meet standards and had NOx emissions as stated in both real world and laboratory tests, whereas all other manufacturers had between 6 to 10 times more that the standard when comparing real world tests to the lab. With regards to deposits, AutoBild in Germany Dauertest (which is an intensive 100,000km test), came to completion on a CX-5 with the Skyactive-D, they noted no deposits on the cylinder (which contrasted greatly to the 18:1+ also in their Dauertest. The other advantage to lower compression has been weight. The old Mazda 18:1 diesel had an iron block.
So the question I posed when in Hiroshima was what compression ratio the Skyactiv-X would be. The answer was simple.... what compression ratio have both G and D been heading towards? The answer - 14:1. Watch the Mazda video on youtube wEh8MgFLNh8 and this is basically hinted.
Fascinating, thanks for sharing!
The compression ratio of the petrol version is actually capable to being tuned to 18:1 compression ratio. That's really amazing if you ask me.
They've hinted at 14:1 in all of their material. But there isn't actually a released number. They've done so much to moved their diesel engine down from 18:1 to 14:1. And moving to 18:1 could result in a heavier engine block (something that would go against their zoom zoom gram analysis program).
However I suppose if they could produce a lighter block it would be a tick. And it might be the case that such a lean mixture requires 18:1.
Let's wait and see.
No, you haven´t been in Hiroshima. There was a nuclear explosion some decades ago. So it´s not possible to o there for at least one billion years!
All the green people say that over and over again. The mean Atoms kill everything :(
you are kidding right?
Knowing nothing of engines, and going based on the pictures alone I assume gasoline engines run on lighting bolts, diesel engins run on fire and HCCI runs on magic.
I own a 2015 Mazda3 with Skyactive technology and can confirm: My car runs on 73% lightning bolts, and 27% magic. Says so in the manual. The new HCCI engines will run on 82% magic, 11% fire and 7% lightning. My source for the latter are the telepathic messages I receive from my Mazda3's infotainment system when maintaining speeds of over 130KM/hr...
Eric
😂😂😂👍👍👍
I was starting to space out in the video, but you have cut to the nut of the science. Thank you.
exactly correct. you have a keen eye for detail sir well done
lol..;)
epic one ..
Currently have a Skyactiv-G Mazda3. 4 years old, 4 Canadian winters and the engine still purrs like a kitten, even after the front end was smashed in an accident. Seems like a solid engine thus far so I trust Mazda to perfect this design and not rush things.
Japan : "let's think of a new way to make engine more efficient and eco-friendly"
Europe : "ugh, let's lose one more cylinder and add another turbocharger"
America: Lets reduce emission regulations
America: V8 MOTHERFUCKERS YEEEEHHAAAWWWW
U.S : let's go back to coal power engine.
Let me fix that for you m8:
Japan : "let's think of a new way to make engine more efficient and eco-friendly"
Europe : "Let's ban combustion engines"
America: "No replacement for displacement"
Maru goro it's not all of the u.s. it's just the jack ass leading us
This news just came out like 2d ago. Can't believe how fast you got this video out
Made some phone calls to Mazda, made it happen! There's still a lot of information they haven't released at this point, but it's very cool that it's coming to production cars.
Keep up the good work EE.
They have to make it sound like it is better and closer than electrical because that is here, including free charging. To my ears this sounds like a somewhat BS move by an advertising resource within the company.
Colin Kao hes a genius
Was rumoured since last year, and confirmed over a month ago, and all that in SA
Deisel efficiency without blowing cancer into the lungs of all the baby children. This really is big news. My hat off to Mazda, mighty effort.
I'll take the diesel fumes over radio activity any day of the week!!! Nuclear is not safe.......and no it's NOT good for you!!!
Sustainable zoom zoom for the much honor of Japan.
just imagine how awesome a HCCI Freevalve engine would be
I think Koenigsegg are working with a manufacturer to make pneumatic valve heads viable for mass production. If you like engineering, this is an interesting time.
quinnjohn1 that is freevalve. Freevalve is a sister company to Koenigsegg
TheCarLovingSwede Thanks, I wasn't sure of the details.
I would have a perpetual nut when such thing happens.
If I am not mistaken the car manufacturer they are teaming up with is Qoros.
*Jason - by supercharging, I think mazda means a compressed air injection system.* it's still 'super charging' but not in the way we think. I presume they'll accumulate compressed air in a cylinder, similar to volvo's compressed air turbo spooling system but instead of dumping the air into turbo exhaust turbine, mazda will directly inject it into the cylinders. that way they can make very precise alterations to the air fuel ratio based on feedback from fuel quality sensors and change the effective compression ratio on the fly; even providing different amounts to each cylinder if necessary. HCCI is quite sensitive to pressure, temperature and fuel quality so this flexibility and granularity will be very helpful.
this would be really interesting to see. There's a company that implements this instead of normal supercharging in their race builds and the results were incredible. Only issue they might have would probably be sustainable storage of the air and temperature control seeing as compressed air being released can be quite cold
If it works, it's a very interesting design approach. It's a simple, low-cost way to store small amounts of energy. And for the reasons you say, it's very compatible with engines. It also allows you to have excellent intercooling... more like a refrigerated / air-conditioned intake. Such performance is impossible with normal turbo/supercharging. In theory it's more like having nitrous.
Natural charge is atmospheric pressure. Supercharge is above atmospheric pressure. So technically any means in achieving a higher than natural AP to the engine is supercharging.
from their Japanese press release it is described as air pump, so could be low pressure compressed air pumping into cylinder directly
Joe Xu my interpretation is an air injector.
What happened to Koenigsegg's Free Valve technology? It has a lot of potential as well
I think there are concerns about cost and reliability. We'll have to see if anyone else starts using it. It's a solution for a different problem than HCCI. In this case that is a good thing because the two could be used together.
This was the first thing i thought of when HCCi operation was mentioned. Use the electronic valve control to maintain variable compression rates whilst using common rail direct injection to feed fuel in for HCCI operation while maintaining a clean intake manifold air. Have a spark plug for low pressure start up and cold start.
As a side note I remember reading a mazda press release were they were playing with water injection for compression manipulation on a multi fuel type rotary. However I am unable to find the article anymore as google is full of rice racing and diesel injector water failures.
*it's dead... like ICE cars... tesla is the future*
do you have a developmental disorder
Nothing happened to it, it just isn't a cost effective solution in the long term, considering the multitude of current of accessible tech. Long story short, when in doubt measure the dollar first...
Awesome explanation Jason! Still love the whiteboard videos!
The year zoom zoom 2030, where the boomy boom engines were made more efficient for the vroomy vrooms
EndlessDelusion shut up *morty*
I want a straight six with this tech
Herr doktorbimmer ugly expensive and any non vegan and an expression car guys didnt want that garbage waste cars called evs
tesla blindet troll.
Herr doktorbimmer buy the way tesla are one of the most hatet companys for their arrogant future bla bla like a sect
Mazda probably will make a V6 with it.
If it has a cross plane crank and a balance shaft it can come close to an i6 in smoothness.
Herr doktorbimmer it was the future in 1899.That worked out well.
doktorbimmer nah, he won't. He'll make electric cars more viable.
Thank you for this high level explanation. Essentially, it runs in normal Skyactive mode with a spark plug unless conditions are optimal (low load, not extreme external temperatures) and it switches to compression/heat. It makes perfect sense they (Mazda) is not sharing specifics, but your explanation makes it pretty clear.
Hcci kicked in yo
BOPPE liel YEYWUW
SPCCI kicked in yo
Can't wait for the compilations
Yet another timely, interesting video from EE. Jason deserves all of his 1.3M subs.
Appreciate the kind words, thank you!
...and using a whiteboard and crap gear. Good content> production.
Herr doktorbimmer nope e cars are very unpractical and the electryci they need cant all produce with solar wind or few water power plants you need still coal
buy the way you can make any ice car co2 neutral by bio gas.
Bring on the sustainable zoom zoom! I've managed to get the sustainable part nailed (converted all the fuel lines and seals on my turbo diesel so I can run waste veggie oils) but I don't even have 1 zoom :( Two zooms is the dream! xD
I hope with great patience, your first zoom will arrive.
Engineering Explained Thanks but it won't happen with my current engine. It's a modern small capacity (1248cc) turbo diesel. If I stick with using diesel, I can get it remapped up to 130bhp, 187lb/ft without changing anything but running veggie oil seems to upset the computer, anything over 112bhp and 155lb/ft the computer goes in to safe mode. I've put it back to the stock map (87bhp 132lb/ft) for peace of mind. On a side note, seeing a new Vauxhall Combo 1.3cdti on a dyno has to be one of the funniest things ever to watch!
Engineering Explained Could lpg or lng injection assist this man achieve zoom with the veggie oil?
quinnjohn1 you need a new ECU if it's running that problem. Provably an aftermarket chip so you don't run into that problem
Trenten S I took the van to get professionally dyno tuned by a diesel specialist, the standard ecu is fully programmable on my van. The tuner thinks that the burn rate of the veggie oils must be different enough from diesel to mess with the O2 sensor in the exhaust. If I was going for big power, I would look at a stand alone ecu for more precise control but it's just not worth the cost for the potential gains as it's such a small capacity engine.
Thanks for the interesting tutorial. You always do such a great job of conveying your thoughts with a clear and concise explanation.
Mazda is the leader when it comes to mechanical engineering. My 2016 CX-5 has of course the Sky Activ 2.5L engine, dual clutch auto trans. and AWD. I have gotten 35 mpg during xway driving. Awesome!
Makes me wonder if intake valve deposits will become an even bigger problem than it already is on current direct injection engines.
Andrew Wan That was my thought as well. Sending some air and fuel back up the intake seems like a recipe for trouble long term.
I believe that because it is supercharged the air/fuel mix will not go far into the intake manifold.
Andrew Wan Mazda has already addressed this from what ive read by way of coolant passages or lack thereof. The intake valve area is allowed to get hotter than the rest of the head. This helps minimize deposit build up. The slightly higher temps near the valves dont allow deposits to build up as easily.
Actually, this should solve the issue of the deposits. The reason a muliti point injection didn't had problems with deposits on the intake valves was because the gasoline which was injected washed away any deposits on the valves. With normal direct injection, this effect is of course lost. But with the use of the atkinson cycle, the effect should return.
The source of deposits is EGR and PCV equipment. Otherwise the air would be clean all the way to the intake valve. Installing an oil-separator on the PCV or EGR line feeding back through the intake eliminates the deposits.
Thinking of getting some of this stuff to do periodic preventative maintenance on my DI engine. www.wynnsusa.com/product/de-carbon-foam/
"Sustainable Zoom Zoom 2030."I can't say that out loud without laughing.
Dude your videos never cease to amaze me. I love how far in detail you go with each and every video. The simplicity of a white board and pictures in your videos have educated me a whole lot. So I'd like to thank you for your very educational videos and keep them coming!
This stuff that Mazda is trying to do is freaking crazy! Like who would of ever thought of such a thing?
cease, not seize.
@@chippyjohn1 thanks for the catch
10/10
Great engineering video, good simple to understand practical explanation
Sparkplug kicked in yo
I want to see HCCI used on a 2 cycle motorcycle....clean burning two strokes would be cool af.
Wayne Wildman normally those don't have valves, which is why they are awesome and you can rev them 16,000 RPM. You can put valves in them, but you'll bend them if you try to run the engine that fast, which defeats the purpose of a 2 stroke in my opinion. At that point I would rather have a regular 4 cycle for better fuel consumption.
Can't have clean burning when you are burning both oil and gas...
Wayne Wildman Honda built a prototype one back in the 90s. Was called Exp2 or something.
Wayne Wildman Most fuel powered RC cars are two stroke HCCI. Their fuel source is usually a methanol/nitromethane/caster oil blend though. I'm not sure how well it would work with gasoline/2-stroke oil mixtures.
Clean burning in this video means less hydrocarbons emitted. Oil will never burn "clean" and since its in your fuel, you can kiss that dream goodbye.
Great video! Best explanation of this technology I have come across.
Really cool video about the engineering details driving this new SkyactivX technology - thanks for sharing. (Wish I'd paid attention in physics class!)
This technology is amazing. I love Mazda for doing it.
Japanese Engineer: Let's think of a unique approach to solve this.
European Engineer: That's too much work, let's just cheat.
your a more-on
You're not your. Your word choice is incorrect. You're ill informed on when to type your as opposed to you're.
American Engineer: Let's just put a bigger engine in
Penguin Pie *Chrysler engineer.
Most American engineers: Let's take this known and trusted technology and make it cheaper, more reliable, and easier to work on.
American accountant: How about just cheaper.
Nate G I like the VW TDI bluemotion
Great video! Added extra thinking on that hasn't been released
Ha nice, I worked on this technology during my final year thesis! Cool to see it used in a real life engine! :)
I'm no engineer but the way you explain everything is absolutely amazing, another very interesting and easily understandable video.
Thanks for these videos, keep it up.
sustainable zoom zoom, i for one welcome the deterioration of the english language
+Underdose 😂😂
*Engrish
Bobs and vagene
So soon we will all speak gibberash.
It's gonna go zoom zoom. Then gonna go boom boom.
Awesome content. You´re a crack! Thank you very much for your videos. Keep that level coming!!!
Thanks Jason. Excellent video as always
Hmm, some of this is accurate, some not so much. It looks like Mazda's version of HCCI is very similar to programs most automakers are working on though they may have expanded the operating window a bit. HCCI is essentially the process of introducing fuel into a combustion chamber which contains large amounts of hot exhaust gasses from the last combustion cycle. This is accomplished by closing the exhaust valve before the piston reaches the top of its travel. The exhaust gases which are trapped by the early closure of the exhaust valve remain in the cylinder during the intake stroke which mixes fresh air (no fuel) with the hot gases. By using direct injection (the fuel is delivered into the combustion chamber, not the intake manifold), fuel is sprayed under high pressure into the mixture of fresh air and hot gases. Because a percentage of the gases in the cylinder contain no oxygen (the previous cycle burned it) there is less oxygen available for combustion, this means less fuel is injected. Also less power is produced. The residual heat in the mixture is adequate to ignite the fuel and thus, no spark is required. If compression ignition were used: gasoline, unlike diesel burns very quickly and with compression ignition would ignite entirely at the same time. This would create a very large, and brief pressure spike (explosion) which would damage hardware and waste energy because all of the force would be applied over a very short distance of piston travel. The amount of fuel injected during HCCI operating mode is considerably less than the amount normally provided. This means less power and is the primary reason HCCI is used in steady cruise conditions when minimal output is required to keep the vehicle moving.As a smaller amount of fuel is injected into the cylinder, it is effectively a very lean mixture that would not ignite reliably with a spark plug nor would it burn completely because the fuel molecules are too far apart for the flame front to span the distance between them. However, because it is injected into combined gases, the heat ensures that all molecules burn and at the same time control the rate of pressure build. This reduces mechanical loads and provides a more even "push" on the piston over more degrees of crankshaft travel so improved efficiency. This also solves the greatest problems associated with lean combustion; NOx, and HC emissions. Lean mixtures burn at very high temperatures, creating NOx. They also (counterintuitively) leave behind unburned fuel because the flame front fades before all the fuel is burned. The catalyst can clean up the HC by burning it as it passes through but that means wasted energy. NOx is more difficult. HCCI is like EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) on steroids. By having large amounts of inert gas in the cylinders, mixed with the fresh air: the combustion temperature is lowered and NOx can be pretty much eliminated. By controlling the closure of the intake valve as well, compression can by regulated and this does permit higher compression ratios (Atkinson Cycle). I believe the Atkinson cycle was documented many decades ago and has been used on hybrid engines for quite some time so no news there as it has been proven reliable. Supercharging/Turbocharging permits higher air volume through the engine and would likely be used to reduce the engine's displacement which improves efficiency. There are millions of turbocharged engines on the road today and despite predictions to the contrary are proving out very well. So, that does leave some new technology and a lot of software management to ensure everything works smoothly. This has proven very difficult and with the amount of effective EGR involved there are legitimate questions regarding how some components will stand up over time. I would be concerned about buildup on valves, residue on fuel injectors, possible spark plug issues, etc but I think eventually they will work out. I think Mazda has expanded the operating window closer to idle and perhaps under higher loads (maybe the reason for the charger if they actually do install one). Consumers also need to understand that like nearly all powertrain improvements: 8+ speed transmissions, downsized turbo engines, variable displacement/cylinder deactivation, electrical load management, aerodynamics (shutter, louvers) etc have the same characteristics: they work under specific conditions. For example: an HCCI vehicle pulling a trailer, with a hardtop carrier, climbing hills, driven at high speeds, etc, etc. Will be unable to maintain HCCI mode as often as in lower load conditions. This means that the gap between best and worst fuel economy will widen. This creates a lot of dissatisfaction and mistrust of the claims made regarding projected versus "real world" fuel economy. However, on a positive note: understanding your vehicle better can result in impressive increases in mileage realized.
Very very good writeup. I just want to point out that an engine running HCCI has a ~5% lower indicated efficiency than a comparable direct injection diesel (41.1% vs 44.4%). I think the main selling point of HCCI engines is the two orders of magnitude lower NOx emissions (0.06 g/kWh vs 13.0 g/kWh) and ~25% lower particulate emissions. Note that these numbers are referring to the combustion products, before the catalytic converter.
The bad thing is, as far as I understand (feel free to correct me here) you do not get any CO from lean combustion, which is needed in the catalytic converter to convert NOx to N2 and CO2, so whatever NOx you get from the engine does not react in the converter.
I well remember the days when a de-coke was a normal part of servicing the engine. EGR with direct injection has brought it back with a vengeance - but you can't remove the head of a complex modern engine, decoke it and have it back running again in half a day. Direct injection engines are now quite often needing a decoke within the warranty period. I really can't see how this problem would not be worse for this engine, as individual cylinders will (as always) accumulate different deposits and require very different valve timing to run without detonation.
- Or have they figured out a way of cleaning the manifolds, valves and combustion chambers during normal running?
Now if we could just get you to understand the art of using paragraphs we might be able to get something out of that long write-up devoid of any structure.
Dale Wells I’m still scrolling...
ClayZ Lol, I just re read this and have to agree. Sorry for the run on. Guess I got carried away.
This guy is a reverse engineer genius and very smart if you focus and pay attention to his words.
We all know that
Hey this is nice, excellent explanation comprehension. Thanks!
Thanks for this, I enjoyed your explanation. Mazda are such a creative company.
Why isn't Mazda more successful than it is? I mean think about it. How is it Mazda always trails behind Toyota, Honda and Nissan when their products always seem to be highly reviewed, and almost always their vehicles lead in their class. The CX- 5, Mazda 3, Mazda 6, and MX-5 being prime examples. Look at the sky active engine and how much power it makes for their gas mileage ca the competition. Not to mention a support for car enthusiasts that is legendary.
Cost and cost of ownership.
What's the difference between the approvement they have and not having that camshaft synchronizer I'm having a camshaft synchronizer directly on the cam
Reliability. If Mazda could make their vehicles as reliable and durable as Toyota they would be more successful.
This is just my speculation, but it seems to me that Mazda spends craptons of money and time designing extremely complex engine technology and then drop it into cars which aren't rich enough to make a return on them. The most expensive car I could spec on Mazda's website was a $51k CX9 (midsize crossover/SUV) with a 2.5 Turbo-4. It's funny you should mention trailing behind Honda, when Honda 'personally' experienced how competitively-priced tech demos (like the undoubtedly awesome S2000 which flexed its VTEC like crazy) don't make much money and are kicked off at the first sign of financial trouble - and that was a decade ago. Mazda's space-age technology would be more at home in cars where the rest of the car is just as fresh as said technology is. They say Mazda's next version of the Mazda6 will be a straight-six RWD, and I suspect they'll have much more success selling something like that.
The working class and poor can't afford a Mazda. Mazda reign supreme in Japan. The rotary engine is awesome. Check your neighborhood for Mazda's, they are none there. Mazda have the highest resale value compared their counterparts in Japan.
Could you make a video about how porsche rear wheels turn with the front wheels also turning?
He means rear wheel steering half wit
But steer from the rear is easily done in Porsches. Smile included free of charge
*you mean the fact that they still put an engine out the back so the car is so unballanced that it drives like a shopping cart on ice? porsche suck.*
*buy a tesla and research flat earth.*
Liam Clarke ...... that's pants
You tube better be paying your ass good coin for teaching us these engine setups .... bless your heart for going out of your way to teach people about engines
I just saw you on a GMC add. Stepping up in the world NICE!
Kudos, Mazda ahead of engine wonder and other zoom goodies!
I nearly had this same line of reasoning when I first read about SkyActiv tech years ago. Controlling in cylinder temps is the path to better emissions and fuel economy and power. Please hire me Mazda!
Richard Cassel I'm fairly certain Mazda didn't invent this and has existed in other cars before
Amazing. Great video. And great timing.
Really great video. Many thanks!
"lean af ratio"😂😂😂😂😂😂
Well Mazda didn't create this engine first. Prototypes were already tested a decade ago by other companies like Mercedes Benz in their F700. But they had problems with exactly this switch between spark and HCCI. The strategy of these companies is now hybrid engines or electric cars instead of HCCI.
Prototypes, concepts (F700)... But not production. That's why this is bigger news than what came before. Also remember, the incentives for hybrid vehicles back in the mid 2000s pushed manufacturers in that direction. Now that the money is all in EVs, and those incentives are starting to wane as well, it's time to bring out new ideas. I hope it works for them.
MusicScala SAAB made the SVC (SAAB Variable Compression) engine back in 2000.
Craig Aznoe it most likely will be successful for them, however Mazda's biggest problem will be what it has always been. Nobody will buy their cars in any great numbers even though their entire lineup are hands down the most fun cars to drive of any Japanese manufacturer.
I also hope it works. Its always cool to see something different :)
Historically Mazda makes prototypes a real production engine. Mercedes, Porsche, Ford all tried to make a wankel or rotary but they all failed but Mazda was the only company who actually made a production engine.
Opening the intake valve is also seen on Honda engines, great engineering without over-engineering. Awesome video my friend! This kind of technology should have lots of marketing, but oh well, its better money when you have a pioneering electric vehicle with batteries that later will become an enviromental hazard (not anti-electic, just fed up with people's idea about the whole enviromentally-friendly cars).
Excellent explanation - Many thanks !
Electric will eventually take over for most driving, 100 miles per day or less. But there will always be a need for ICE in areas without the charge capabilities, especially for long hauls. Internal combustion technology will continue to improve, and Mazda needs to be commended for taking it to the next level.
Your theory is the one that seems to not be supported by actual evidence. I have been looking at EV’s for a while now. If you are not on a waiting list, and you happen to be able to snag an EV off the lot, it was right off the transport. Wait two hours and it will be gone. That doesn’t sound like a niche market to me. And I don’t think it’s a fad like waiting in line for the next iphone, it’s the real deal. People want to leave the ICE behind.
EVs made up 1.1% of all new cars sold globally in 2016, a 100x increase from 0.01% in 2010. In Norway that figure for 2016 was 28.8%. EV production is ramping up very quickly now. I would not recommend betting against EVs.
Proportion of global fleet is not market share, by the way.
ThinkingSpeck norway is an oil export country. They do this for the money like the cucks they always were. Also inhabitants per square mile is very low in norway
@DevasionX
I don't see how Norway's motives are relevant here. Doing it for the money sounds entirely sensible to me.
Because you mentioned them being the largest EV users.
I get how you use the spark to make the cylinder fire earlier, when it's cold. But how do you keep it from firing too soon when it's too hot? Did I miss that in the video?
Maybe they will use an intercooler or something.
Chris Hilton the intake valve will stay open on part of the compression stroke lowering the compression ratio so there isn't any detonation
I'm guessing the feedback in the ECU loop would have to be intake manifold temp/pressure and/or exhaust gas temperatures. ???
zachpaw, Thanks for the explanation. That makes sense. Just lower the pressure by keeping the intake open.
Herr doktorbimmer lool dont feet that troll
First thing I thought was there'll be issues with engine failures if one little thing goes wrong. So basically if one component fails, it will be a catastrophe for the whole engine. I suppose the fail-safe will be the spark plugs......... which will be useless in a lean running engine because of premature detonation, and holes in the piston crown.
Looking down the thread seems like many will agree.
But here's an idea. Instead of borrowing $50,000 for a new car, then chasing your tail to pay it off. Why not buy a used car for under $5000, with a fuel efficient engine, it'll use 30-40% more fuel but cost $45,000 less. If you spend $5000 overhauling the engine and transmission over its lifetime, you'll have saved $40,000. Then there's accrued interest, which offsets any 30-40% saving in fuel on the newer car.
Then there's the amount of energy that goes into making a whole new car and the emissions that causes.
Recycling existing cars by restoring them and retro fitting more fuel efficient engines will actually save more on crude oil usage.
So lets be a society that is concerned about fossil fuel usage, and keep throwing away this energy on creative destruction, and then throwing away the savings to fossil fuel usage on creative destruction.
Great explanation man! Love it .... :)
so what happens in the HCCI when you run the wrong octane of fuel? does it adjust compression? adjust fuel mix?
Valve controlled compression adjustment, most likely
Ultimately you want to control the temperature by controlling pressure. Pressure and temperature are directly proportionate. Different octanes ignite at different temperatures, so I figure Mazda would utilize the valves, like demonstrated in the video.
I know that you are looking for scientific reason for the way that the engine would handle out of spec octane ratings, but having worked with Mazda in the past, I feel pretty confident their official answer will be "....Well just don't do that."
The engine is already constantly monitoring and changing the running parameters. The octane of the fuel would simply be automatically taken into account from the actual running of the engine from the inputs of the sensors and would alter to suit those running conditions at that time, in this engine I would imagine conditions of each firing of each cylinder would be being monitored and altered on a cylinder by cylinder basis, regardless of actual octane rating. Just as it does for load, speed, airflow, temp, knock, air/lambda sensor/s.
It goes into Nope Mode
Say "homogeneous-charge compression ignition" one more time! I dare you, I double dare you!
Great explanation! Thank you
Soooo good. Atkinson Cycle Compression seems to be sneaking its way into an awwwfully wide range of platforms recently :D
So the MX5 Miata will finally get the boosted engine it deserves???
Please don't. NA is the way to go for MX5
You know they made a 1.8t miata right?
hullza was a 1.3t wasn't it?
daveofbillog 1.8t
I just want a v6 miata or a return to the Wenkel engine. Imagine a Miata with a 2jz.
Imagine an engine with HCCI and Free Valve technology xD
2 stroke hcci like small rc engines?
Thank you. Very informative.
Well explained, great looking idea and engine. This with a free valve setup would be good to have less moving parts and more control
So, does HCCI run on gas? if so, what octane?
Umm, whatever Mazda chooses? It's like with current engines - AFAIK most of them can burn whatever normal (over 90 octane) gasoline you give them, their ECU will just change some settings accordingly.
Right, but if the engine switches to HCCI mode and the combustion relies on the heat in the chamber I assume that there's some conflict if low octane fuel is found.
Leo Coscarella i would imagine there will be some fine print and disclaimers with this. Current skyactiv engines are designed to run on 87 octane here in the US (except for the mx5 which is optimized for 91-93). Thats with a high 13:1 compression ratio. The cool thing about Mazdas version of hcci is that it can get assistance from the spark plug in certain conditions. With lower octane, the spark may be needed for combustion bc it make ignite too easily (before compression has a chance to ignite it). Higher octane fuel is more resistant ofcourse which is more ideal for hcci....gdi may allow for mazda to still run 87 perfectly fine tho bc it can get injected whenever the ecu deems appropriate (not relying on the intake valves to get fuel into the cylinder)
You can actually run any octane number you like, it's designed to manage the in-cylinder temperature, so when you run lower octane fuel, the in-cylinder temperature will have to be lower to ignite it without detonating (for example the intake valve will remain open for a longer period of time to lower the effective compression ratio). Same principle with higher octane fuel, more effective compression ratio. Depends on which fuel Mazda likes the most.
Mazda will design it for all levels of octane available at the pump here in North America, which is 87 to 93/94. Most people will stick in 87 like they've always done, so the engine will detect a knock event (ie. detonation before the compression cycle is fully completed) and compensate by using a number of control factors like spark plug, timing, amount of air/fuel injected, etc. In other words, it already has been accounted for and built into the design.
is that a hemi v-tec
Explained brilliantly.
Very Very nice simple explanation! Bravo Sir!
Rc car engines use a glow plug to ignite the a/f mixture. The glow plug makes it so it doasnt need super high compression and it doasnt have temp control issues.
don't they also run on a special alcohol based fuel that costs $50 a gallon?
That's not a four stroke engine, that's a two stroke engine.
$30 as of 2012/2013. I doubt it went up THAT much since then.
Herr doktorbimmer nope the mas like amazing sounding and driving cars you can buy on if ou like it but plese dont trigger other people that dont ike evs for mutch reasons evs arent perfekt and they arent make zero emisions (only by themselve) but the electricyty are still made in coal power plants and atomic plants the dirtyst things on the planet.
buy the way you can make ice cars co2 neutral with bio fuel.
David Jackson, II 2 and 4 stroke have nothing to do with it. Also 4 stroke planes also don't have spark plugs, and use compression ignition.
Is this sort of like what Ferrari and Mercedes are doing with their f1 engines currently?
DaHeMpEr no they using two compression chambers to make a better air fuel mix and better combustion..
You teach better than any of my past professors.
Awesome explanation, good sir!
Chuck a small one of these into an electric/hybrid and use it as a small generator.. that'll be efficient for sure
like a 3rd gen volt
Oscar Sorensen I agree, this is the direction that hybrids should head
I wonder why we don't use turbine engines for hybrids because they like to run efficiently at the same speed and they can burn many different fuels. Seems like it'd be the perfect match to an alternator through a set of worm or plantary gears
John Possum I think turbines cost too much for vehicles. Probably $50 thousand or more just for just the turbine engine. Probably more.
sure. toss in a supercharged high revving mazda engine into a hybrid. that won't totally defeat the purpose.
What's with all the flat-earth comments?
doktorbimmer 🤣 stop it, stop it, my sides🤣🤣🤣
*you doubt the LGBT community???? our teslas will strike down your crap ICE cars.*
Burkutace27 Don't be such a ableist...😁
You're right, I should never have implied the mentally retarded are anywhere near the level of flat earthers.
The Only Alan there are a lot of people here that can't drive manual transmissions and freak out when you talk about left foot braking. So it's not surprising that they be flat earthers also.
Thanks for the information you shared,,,, i have question, how about the engine knock issues?
Nicely done!
Lean AF 😂👌🏻💯
people that label electric cars as gay and are scared to own one are gay
no but i accept everyone for who they are except evil people
unfortunately i dont own one yet but i want to have aa custom built one on a light car
neither just not made of money
apparently not you.
So reading through the comments I see a lot of gas engine haters. Well what will happen to the lawn mower? Gas engines will be around until the end of time. Sorry if you think electric will be the standard. Oh I forgot what about boats? Oh yea trains need prime movers and back hoes and cranes and trucks of all sizes and chainsaws and weed whackers and __________ fill in the blank. Ps this engine design will not work ultra lean mix = burned up pistons. Timing will always be a crap shoot and 20% gain in efficiency will not be worth it compared to the exotic materials used in the design. As it stands be happy with diesel this design is time tested.
- My local hardware store already sells electric lawnmowers, chainsaws and weed whackers.
- I've never played with an electric boat myself, but they're readily available and have been for a long time.
- Tesla is already developing a truck / big rig / prime mover. I'd expect the same for trains fairly soon, though probably not from Tesla.
- Backhoes, cranes etc are perfectly suited to electric - massive torque from standstill, and no need to carry their own batteries very far.
I'm not hating on gas engines, but you're kidding yourself if you think electric won't replace combustion engines in almost all applications over the next few decades.
J&B Fix it shop love my cordless 80 volt electric mower and weedeater. Using for 2 years and absolutely no problems, no gas no oil and my neighbors don't even know that I'm mowing my yard.
Just adding, Tesla has now demonstrated a semi truck and a pickup. And the semi truck dramatically outperforms all available diesel trucks.
Parker B
We're in the end game now for fossil fuels, and the oil companies know it - that's why they're all investing in renewable energy now. They can't stop this, and they're smart enough not to try.
Meanwhile pretty much all the major car manufacturers are scrambling to bring out mass-market electric vehicles, and prices keep dropping fast (especially for batteries). Things are changing fast, and honestly the major delay is going to be imposed by the working lifespans of existing ICE vehicles.
We will never run out of oil. I believe the earth makes oil everyday non stop. What the earth uses it for I have no clue. I only know this, It came out of the ground, actually they found it on the surface if history is telling the truth. End result is it was made by the earth is what I believe so we will not run out of it. The other energy designs are good and we should be using them but without oil they will soon cease to work.
Ahhh hcci is how I thought diesels worked, you learn something everyday. Thank you for educating me kind sir.
I have wondered why you can't use compression ignition with petrol before and now it appears that you can
Love your videos. Kind of like if Sheldon Cooper was a gear head. Bazinga!
I'm not engineer or anything but I'd bet that they're going to run into durability issues and will be prone to huge engine failures due to running lean and at such high heats. If you pushed it often, I wouldn't see it lasting very long. Like j said though, im not an engineer and I'm sure they're finding some way around it to keep things lubricated and maybe adjusting it to operate under higher heat but I wouldn't risk buying one of the first generations or so of these. Just my opinion though
hey mazdaspeed6 owner here... run into huge engine filures? ... i cant be sure but i figure u must mean that in future tense... whcih is what made me laugh when i first heard of this compression ignition bs, based on the fact that mazda with its switch to skyactive solved 2 problems 1) having a zoom zoom able car 2) all the damn engine failures from the DI engines failing from going WOT too often, and i say it with love, but yea HCCI is just mazda deciding to give up and pretend the massive amounts of knock and misfires they can seem to stop to save their lives... is somehow a feature.... so basically i totally agree, zoom zoom boom is basically mazdas slogan from 2005 to 2030 i guess lol
You have a good point with lean burn and high temps, this can be overcome by using pistons with a special shape and direct cylinder injection. A piston shaped with a bowl in the centre and fuel directly injected into that bowl and ignited keeps the heat in the centre of the piston and away from the ring land(which is where the damage is done from excessive heat)
Well you can't just push it, the operating parameters are pretty narrow between the minimum and the maximum temperature of the engine! The ECU will simply rev limit it harsher. It's not supposed to be a nice and fun engine, but a slow and efficient one.
If they use diesel engine technology (which can withstand high temperature ignition) then they'll be just fine.
Dude Shark I agree. Never buy the first generation of something you need to be reliable. Usually the next generation is better, if it's not you should look elsewhere.
Zoom zoom MADAFAKA...
Why Mazda... Why...
Ya'da 1 *MAZDAFAKA
Thank you sir,,very informative,, ur a smart Ladd
Actually I figure the compression ratio is a bit lower than what you have suggested. Reason being is the requirement of a supercharger, which won't do much at low RPMs allowing for easier starting, but also allowing higher pressures at mid to high RPMs, the result being that you can operate in HCCI for a much wider section of the powerband. The problem with GM and others implementation of HCCI was that it only operated for a very small portion of the powerband and definitely not the "zoom zoom" part.... I suspect Mazda has fixed that with HCCI running for everything except during engine warm-up and potentially low RPM where they run the SPCCI mode as you described which frankly is still very good.
Long live the ICE.
ICE, ICE, baby!
Everyone is saying electric will pass gasoline in the near future. Not gonna happen. Maybe in 40 years but nothing soon. Electric might take over small commutes, but anything over a few hundred miles is a no go, like taking a trip up north or going on a road trip. Also, you can modify electric motors like you can gas engines. Many people underestimate the market for that. Go to SEMA, you won’t see practically any electric cars
You are woefully underinformed. Do yourself a favor and research what's really happening in automotive.
orion789 I am a software developer for an automotive company. I know exactly what I’m talking about
oh. Ok. My apologies. 40 years it is !!!
orion789 yea, which moves by fast though. It’s not motors it’s the battery and charging technology
Gas cars are already dead and buried. They just don't know it yet. Tesla has already solved the long distance trip problem and several next generation batteries are about to be released. In addition most people fly for long trips so they will drive their electric car to the airport and take a plane.
Great video!
Nice explanation!
Fantastiche!
Lean AF RATIO XDXDXD
Sustainable zoom zoom feels good man
Nice work
Engine longevity will be affected..
DEAD RIGHT! i CAN SEE THE RINGS BEING PUT UNDER INTENSE PRESSURE, WHICH MEANS THAT THEY WILL HAVE TO BE HEAT TREATED MAKING THEM HARD AND BRITTLE. RUNNING RINGS WITHOUT MUCH LUBRICANT WILL SHORTEN ENGINE LIFE.
Jim Jardine theres no other way but to be electric power cars
wrong
its like back when fuel injected engines were coming out "reliability will be affected" with fuel injectors
turns out they outlast the car.
A car is ALREADY affected in its longevity through his electronic. The problem is actually occuring with many cars that haven't their electronic supported anymore. Some cars of today can have a perfect functionning engine, but a fatal software default that is not supported anymore = You can transh the car. This is a huge problem.
Edward Reyez
and reliable emissions, too.
I see a lot of Electric car dreamers in the comments here. Keep dreamin. Gas isn't going anywhere anytime soon.
reminds me of back to the future how they thought 2015 would be.... dreamers.
Gas is gone in the UK, we use it only to heat our homes and cars that run on it are very rare. There are only four gas stations left in the UK.
Sure.
Shaun Dobbie HAHAHA which UK do you live in then?
Shaun Dobbie I see a lot of diesel owners in the U.K. Lol
Really interesting concept, I'm really curious how it'll be in real world driving situation? It seems like displacement on demand would be simpler and more reliable? I just wonder how much time you'll spend out of HCCI mode and what kind of compromises had to be made to the combustion chamber for it to support both modes? Cool vid though, love your channel!
very interesting. tnks
Interesting video, but it feels like getting explained a new method for analog film development.
How do we know it's the holy grail when we don't even know fully how it works? Sounds like hype at this point.
We know how it works, we just don't know how they're implementing it.
Setting fire to petrol is not hype. Doing it in a specific way requires R&D.
It's still mostly marketing hype...Tis nothing new.
Your comments are nothing new. I see it all over UA-cam.
Lifted_Above Your comments about comments are nothing new...I've seen it all over UA-cam.
Nice. Seems like they're adding onto the old Mazda Millenia supercharged motor design/theory by adding the Hcci
Great video. I have a quick question. Do you think this HCCI technology will make its way into vehicles that are currently destined to use small diesel engines, for example vehicles like the midsize Chevrolet and GMC pickup trucks? Will the supposed increase in torque promised, supplant the new small 4 and 6 cylinder diesels in these newer trucks?