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The Story Of Cracking The Enigma Code In 2 Hours
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- Опубліковано 16 сер 2024
- During WWII, the fate of the world depended on the codebreakers at Bletchley Park, Britain's super-secret headquarters for cracking the "unbreakable* Enigma machine. Against the odds, these schoolboys, academics, and crossword fanatics turned Germany's greatest weapon into its greatest liability. This fascinating documentary offers first-hand accounts of "Station X" and how they cracked the code.
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The encrypted German telegram that could save Britain in its darkest hour... But can a team of eccentric geniuses decode the message in time? This is the code that won The Great War: ua-cam.com/video/B-XgqA8lO9Y/v-deo.html
Thank you 🙏
Alan Turing was not "persecuted as a security risk because he was homosexual"(1.50.15 onwards). He was persecuted by certain neanderthal totally thick police officers of the Lancashire Constabulary >>>>>> BECAUSE HE WAS HOMOSEXUAL
I visited Bletchley Park and had a tour, absolutely fascinating, these people deserved the highest recognition for their work.
I've been there about 10 times over the years and finally did an organised tour. I asked what do your German visitors say ? The guide said that they just shrug their shoulders and say yeah you got us on that one. The Japanese turn around and walk away.
@@ptgigg The Japanese teach their own version of WW2 , and it goes like this, we were doing absolutely nothing wrong and then one day the Americans dropped two atomic bombs on us.
The true events of WW2 are deleted from any of their history books.
I agree but in those days they found a way to destroy them.
Here in Canada we just let teenagers write graffiti and party at our ww2 historical sites (camp X)
What was the German seaman saying 52 minutes?
What they did to Alan Turing after the war was little short of an international outrage.
...I wouldn't be surprised if Alan was murdered.
I did hear that because he was a homosexual he had been chemically castrated hence he took his life, how true this I dont know but if it was the truth then this was an infamous act against a brilliant man.
Turing suffering then is little different from the general level of animosity stirred up by extremist politicians right here in the US today toward the lgbt+ community. So sad.
Did they cancel his Netflix subscription?
@@tryreadingmore4440 that’s a Enigma
Glad they made a movie about Turing. At least he got honoured now and millions know how much we all are indebted to his genius.
How about Tommy Flowers? He actually used some of his own money to build colossus, ended the war in debt because of it.
When he applied for a loan to build another computer after the war he was refused because the banks didn't believe it could be done. And of course he couldn't say that he has already done it.
Because the nature of their work was so secret, after the war all these people remained in obscurity until much later.
I work at the University Of Manchester an there is an Alan Turing building x
Touring is so famous they made a movie about him. It's Tommy Flowers who was lost in the haze of history.
It was so secret that no one knew that Colossus was the first computer. As a result, IBM claimed credit for building the first computer. All the plans were destroyed after the war. When the British set up a computer museum at Bletchley Park around ten years ago, they didn't have an easy time building replicas of these machines, including the Bombe machine that Turing developed.
Thanks. The real heroes often go unsung. He even spent his own money on the project. Why did they destroy the records and machines?
A couple notes:
- The documentary is definitely very old, that's why you have so many people telling of their own work, they were still alive! I guess it was made in film, something that I thank sooo much! That is also why they only had a mockup of the Bombe, instead of the beautiful machines they have today at Bletchley.
- As others have said, the Poles deserved much more credit, they did break several versions of Enigma, and they had the knowledge to keep breaking it at the very start of the war. They had build 2 different machines types called "bomba" (from there the British named their machine "Bombe") to execute their exploit electromechanically. These were specific to the double repetition of the key exploit, which was not in itself a failure of the machine but a procedural issue of the Germans. For those who minimize their contribution, nothing relevant would have shown up in Bletchley without their kickstart. I attribute the lack of mention to the age of the documentary, at that point at Bletchley they were still trying to get recognition themselves. The Polish only started get more recognition in the last decades. Until the Polish Bomba everything was done with pen and paper, using a machine was a huge breakthrough.
- There were other machines not mentioned in Bletchley, before the Bombe and before Colossus.
- Late in the war, the US was building hundreds of Bombes on their side of the pond, based on the same principle, but an entirely homemade design. They would receive the "program" from Britain, that is how to wire the back of the machine, and the switches, all this created based on some messages and the expected crib, the would process it and send the list of possible keys back. I believe one of them survived and is in display in the Smithsonian. They somehow invented remote computing ;)
- The Bombe did not produce a single set of keys, but many sets of probable keys, which had to be tried, the shorter the crib the more false keys it would produce, that's why they loved those very long cribs they mentioned in the interviews.
- The way to build the "program" is very involved, with math graphs, this is not procedural programming or anything like that.
- In here narrator incorrectly calls "fish" to the Lorenz traffic. In reality they called "fish" in general, to all the encrypted traffic that they had "fished" from the air, regardless of encoding/encryption. They would give different names to the different codes, for example they mentioned here "Shark" for the uboats, "Tunny" was for the Lorenz, and there were others obviously.
- Wherever they mention "modulo 2" in here, that's just another name for XOR.
- The teleprinter traffic (the Lorenz) was recorded by the Y listening stations with a paper oscillograph, I always find that funny, as it literally shows the electric signal.
- The engineer Bill Tutte was an absolute master, he was given an example message both encrypted and plaintext from the Lorenz, and with that he correctly deduced the entire machine design, number of rotors, rotor mappings, rotor skipping, etc All this by seeking for repetitions in patterns with pencil and paper mostly by aligning it in a square. That was a humongous task.
- Another quite relevant part of Bletchley was how they managed the archiving, the messages both encrypted and plaintext as well as the information gathered from them, was monstrous, most of the traffic was low level tactical traffic, making sense of that is no easy feat.
- It was a pleasure seeing Tony Sale telling us the history here, he himself deserves an entire documentary.
- If I keep adding notes, I will end up writing a new documentary ;) BTW, that movie "The Imitation Game" is a whole piece of s***.
Thanks for your excellent and detailed comment.
great, although I am not enough informed to comment on topic I will just say thank you and maybe you should make a updated documentary!
I could talk to you about this for days. A lot of it may be you dumbing down some of this for me, but I am so interested in this. Any book recommendations?
@@spanglelime LOL, you probably need to get out more then ;)
This whole thing is a true epic part of history that involves so many people from so many different backgrounds under pressure trying to achieve what was considered impossible. It definitely is not the "single genius mind" that Hollywood always simplifies everything to.
And if you are interested in any of:
* HAM radio equipment (yes, at the start of the war commercial HAM radio equipment was used, not military)
* early electronics and valves
* hardcore maths and statistics
* electronics engineering
* airwave interceptions
* cryptography itself
* early computers (there are direct ramifications into first generation computers, Manchester & Ferranti)
* and of course war history and good old moustache and honeytrap espionage
... this story will touch you.
There have been many books over time (almost all of which I have never read ;) ), I'd probably recommend "The Bletchley Park Codebreakers" by Erskine & Smith as it is comprehensive.
If you are instead interested in hardcore tech details, wikipedia is the source no doubts.
And last but not least, you have CryptoMuseum dot com and colossus-computer dot com
PS: I once had in my hands for a project an original pristine enigma captured from a uboat, I felt like Indiana Jones...
“The documentary is definitely very old…”
The documentary first aired as _Station X_ on 19 January 1999 on Britain’s Channel 4. (It would be better if those posting these old documentaries would supply their provenance in the description.)
Proud that my aunt served at Bletchley Park, although the Official Secrets Act meant she never spoke of her work.
Long ago, when I first learnt of Turin’s involvement and how he was subsequently treated by the country he served with utmost love and reverence , I was disgusted, utterly shocked and bewildered. The whole team at Bletchley gave so much, we, as British people, owe them so much
Disgraceful that a man who saved millions of lives and shortened the war was treated so badly. I agree with you 100% as to the whole Bletchley team and what they did. Those guys and girls deserved more recognition.
The film missed out Tommy Flowers and Max Newman who did what Alan Turing is credited for in the film the imitation game. Turing never designed or built the machine! He should not have been chemically castrated you can blame the church for that, but he did not do quite as much as the Film states.
I think you might be surprised by Turin's chosen allegiance during the short period of international friction in the 1940s.
@@MyScubasteve
Turing wasn't chemically castrated haha 🙄
@@barbararice6650 Yes he was!
I appreciate this documentary mentioning and giving credit to the Polish codebreakers, many accounts of cracking the Enigma barely mention or forget about them entirely despite their enormous importance to future British and Allied success. They deserve their own doc, the Polish contribution to the war effort as a whole doesn't get enough media representation in the west as it is. For anyone interested, the series World on Fire is a good start in that regard, the scenes set in Poland are in Polish which is the first time I've seen that in a UK show
I must pause the video, but I was also looking for the mention of the Poles. This summer I visited the Enigma Museum in Poznan and I recommend other to do the same.
They've been mentioned in all serious accounts I've heard over the years.
The first account was in R.V. Jones The Secret War in 1975, 30 years after the war. Differing accounts always dog history, I was under the impression that an Enigma machine was wrongly delivered to an address next door to the German embassy in Warsaw. The Poles made a copy in wood and sent it to London, before re-routing the machine to the embassy.
I haven't read so much nonsense in my life. There's plenty of documentaries mentioning Polish involvement
@@jayo3074 Mention, yes, but in depth or magnitude of importance, not so much in my experience
Just when you think you must have seen every documentary out there on this, another one pops up, and I think this one is one of, if not, the best. Many thanks for sharing.
My mum was a WRNS ans she was a cypher clerk there from 42 till 46. Till the day she died, she would not say much about it
Cómo debe ser, esos " trabajos " no son para ser divulgados a los 4 vientos ... 🤷🇦🇷
lol why? Is being a Cypher clerk traumatic?
@@nightshadehelis9821 No ... Sin SECRETOS DE ESTADO, la SEGURIDAD DE LA NACION depende en gran medida de ello.
Fíjate cómo les fue a los alemanes, tan confiados que estaban con su Enigma ...
Felicito a los británicos por " callarse la boca " ... 👌👌🇦🇷🇦🇷
@@nightshadehelis9821 she signed the Official Secrets Act which threatened her with prison for violating it and was enforced for her lifetime.
May God bless your Mother. Respect and gratitude from an American.
This episode is AWESOME!!! What more can I say? The saddest part is the stupid waste of the genius of Turing and Flowers. Such a terrible shame.
Many would concur. Churchill's overwhelming desire for total denial of colossus etc could have been realistically explained away and left Britain as the world leader in the field. It's only in recent decades that talk of signals intelligence has reached the public domain. I was involved in the 70's/early 80's and it was something one never mentioned even to those you worked alongside. Outside of work it did not form any part of any conversation or acknowledgement of capabilities. We were always just involved communications and there it stopped. How times have changed!
I think Tommy Flowers went on to work on System X which may be the the first leap of telephony using computers before VOIP. Maybe someone in BT knows better. Save to say BT still has a big research campus near Ipswich which has helped develop broadband modem technology - ADSL.
52:05 - "Wir unten im Boot hatten keine Ahnung davon, wie es da oben aussah, aber der Kommandant oben auf der Brücke, der rief dann ständig 'raus, raus, raus'. Wir haben gefragt was soll denn geschehen mit den Geheimsachen? Bekam den Order alles liegen zu lassen und nur danach (something that I don't understand), ich weiß nicht, daran kann wohl keine Kritik geübt werden, kein Mesch kann sich die Situation vorstellen der nicht selebst dabei war" = Us people at the bottom of the boat had no idea what was happening above, but the commander up on the bridge just kept shouting "[get] out, [get] out, [get] out!". We asked what we should do with the secret documents? They ordered us to leave everything and afterwards (didn't understand this part). I don't know, no one can imagine the situation without being in it themselves."
This story should be in every history book in every high school or secondary schools across the west. Why it's not is beyond me.
And also the Mau Mau gulag
Because history is written by white, American men.
I wholeheartedly concur, Laurie. I actually went to Bletchley College of Further Education to do my A Level exams, spent three years studying there; the college sits in front of Bletchley Park, & during my lunchbreaks, would often walk to the rear of the property - then, still guarded by the Ministry Of Defence. As a young man, I was unaware of the appellation, 'Station X', & only subsequent (when studying to become a doctor in Oxford) did I appreciate the magnitude of their efforts in terms of WW II. Of course, my attendance at the college was happenstance, but I am filled with immeasurable pride of that association to the forerunner of modern code breaking, & the advent of the first programmable computer. To me, Turing, Flowers, & all the other unsung heroes/heroines of that time, are owed an enormous debt of gratitude - a debt we may never be able to fully repay; such greatness, unbound. Thank you.
Because the way the British government tortured and persecuted Alan TURING. There should be a memorial dedicated to HIM.
Agreed, Mario.
I've read about Enigma and Bletchley Park, but this documentary explained more of the "how" the Enigma machine and its operators had weaknesses and how the codebreakers were able to exploit those. At one time, I worked for IBM, and of course the company told us employees that it had invented computers. The information about Mr Flowers and Colossus was very interesting.
IBM had until Colossus secrets came out in 1975 and history had to be rewritten. Saying that IBM were brilliant in development of the Computer and is without doubt not only a World Class company but way out there in ingenuity.
I first programmed in 1969 as a student at Drexel University, literally across the street from the University of Pennsylvania where the ENIAC was invented.
All of our textbooks listed the ENIAC as the first electronic digital computer.
Then Bletchley was declassified in the 1970s and computer history had to be revised.
I still have those textbooks.
@@GerrygamboneLike a lot of other things, to say that one person or one company "invented" computers is a long and twisted story. Certainly IBM had a hand in the Mark I and Mark Il computers at Harvard, but those were also designed by Howard Aiken, and were not "Turing Complete".
Then you also had various machines built at Manchester, England and by Konrad Zuse, and way before that Babbage.
While Babbage never finished his machine, Aiken used some of his ideas in the Mark I.
@@penguinnhBabbage In Babbage Out
Turing opened the door to the possibility of early signals intelligence. Flowers made the information into intelligence which could be used in a timely fashion. Flowers contributed as least as much as anyone else in the winning of the war and he received what in return?
I am very proud of my father who helped end World War II and never got to tell me about it.
My grandfather served on the British merchant ships and he made many crossings across the Atantic during WWII. I never realised how much he must have gone through before seeing documentaries such as this. Now I know why he recieved quite a few medals.
A retired RN officer, was approached to determine why so many merchant ships were being sunk. He realised that look outs hardly ever looked back and when a ship was attacked,the RN went OUTWARDS to find the uboats. He found thaT THE UBOATS CAME IN FROM BEHIND AND TORPEDOED A SHIP AND WENT STRAIGHT DOWN, while the navy went outwards, this is when the Germans started to lose their uboats. The officer laid out convoys on his floor to work all this out and the game warship came from this.
It was the class system.
Same as mine. 3 merchant ships he was on got sunk.
8okpi0ipoo
@@normanchristie4524what was?
The man who does not get enough credit (In this video) is Anthony Edgar "Tony" Sale, FBCS (30 January 1931 - 28 August 2011). Just goes to show you how old this documentary is. Tony helped get Bletchley Park recognised as the place where secrets were broken and was essential in coordinating the COLOSSUS rebuild and more besides.
Thank you for your input. It lends itself toward something to research later on regarding code breakers.
Totally agree 100%.
plus the poles already broke the codes as well? Maybe not the same machine, as the Navy, Army and Submarines had different machines ?
Amazing Guy… 30 mph optical tape reader
Please don't forget Tommy Flowers.
Not enough credit to the Poles, or the Signals Intelligence guy - I forget his name - but he contributed as much as Turing to the War effort
I think you mean Tommy Flowers …worked for post office and built Colossus computer
It’s a film from 1999. The Polish input was ignored back then.
Yeah..the Poles got really shafted after the war as well...throwing them under Stalins evil
You really believe that destroying some paperwork stopped the British?
Clue x 4: Leaving only ashes keeps secret secrets secret.
WTFH do you think the deep state come from?
Secretly secreting secrets secretes secret secret, secreted.
Bletchley Park & the Y Stations are my #1 reason for wanting to visit the UK. Along with RAF museums and HMS Victory. So much to see so little money to spend.
Portsmouther here. Go see HMS Victory, she's magical.
The Imperial War Museum sites over here are a real treat. We were at RAF Duxford, near Cambridge, for the 60th anniversary of D-Day in 2004. It was amazing to talk to those who were there and also see some Spitfires and Hurricanes flying about. The sound is something you never forget.
And also the Mau Mau gulag
I recommend HMS Victory and the Mary Rose in Portsmouth.
RAF Hendon in N London is good but personally I like Duxford it has lots of aircraft, displays and an armoured vehicle section at one end just after the American Hangar with most of the famous US aircraft including the SR71, U2, B29 and B52. RAF Cosford is good too although I think they are changing displays and some aircraft atm.
Mary Refuse ... I started my trip in Krakow rented a car and went to Auschwitz then drove from Auschwitz to Berlin and ended up at checkpoint Charlie toured every mess in the old GDR then hopped a flight to London then Bletchley park ... The most informative trip I will ever take
Good god.The ability to read your enemy's diary in wartime must be absolutely priceless to the military.
In the 1920s Alan Turing proved that any problem that could be solved by mathematics could be solved by a machine that could read, write, and perform logical operations AND, OR, and NOT. That was his PhD thesis. That is the philosophical underpinning of all modern computers. US code breaking of Japanese signals was independent of Station X, and the product of the US breaking of Japanese ciphers was called "MAGIC".
Fantastic documentary! Very rarely do you hear a mechanical breakdown of *how* coding or algorithmic processing works. (To be clear, I'm not a coder myself, but the analysis of the method[s] by which coding was processed in its "primitive" age was very fascinating and enlightening.)
What a pack of winners the british are , look at the mighty British lands now . Ha Ha Ha
The original version of this was Broadcast by Channel 4 in 1999 in the UK. It originally had FOUR Part of 50mins each (making 200 mins with Commercials removed). so this is a edited down version. But is very good quality at 1080p. Hopefully, one day the FULL series will be released in this quality. However , this is still the best documentary on Enigma. I visited Bletchley Park in 2016 and can assure everyone , its well worth the visit. You really feel you are gripped by history when you step onto its grounds..
I agree the original version is excellent
I think that history is what appeals to most visitors to the U.K. I’m a dual national
U.K./US and spent equal time in both places. I find that Americans don’t have that sense of history found in the U.K. It’s not always a bad thing but it does lend itself to a sort of disconnect.
When people ask me how I know such detailed information about the last century I have to explain to them that I heard it from my grandparents and great grandparents.
I remember that! I was wondering if this was part of it. Where can we find the whole thing? I really loved that. It was when I first learned about Bletchley Park.
@@eileendover3938 just look up station x the 4 part series is still on the tube.
@@eileendover3938 The Original 4 part version is still on UA-cam , but the quality is so very poor compared to this "shortened" version. I actually brought A VHS version off Ebay a while ago. But even though I used good equipment to transfer it to digital , the original VHS tape was not too good (very dark). I wonder why the cut it down for this version? , maybe the source that Channel 4 holds is also bad?. Hopefully one day we will see a better full version.
A woman in Turkey also handed on another copy. The millitery attache at the Cairo US office made, extensive, detailed and frequent reports to Washington. These went by radio beaming directly over Rommel's interception centre and he received decrypts within several hours. When the attache was recalled, there were no further leaks. Many men died and ships sunk because of his work.
His name was Bonnie Fellers. He later became MacArthur's postwar deputy during the Occupation of Japan. In 1942, Bletchley Park intercepted Afrika Korps and Italian messages which indicated that the US embassy had been the source of leaks related to the British Eighth Army.
Kinda like the Brits Klaus Fuchs giving atomic secrets to the Soviets ol' sport.😎 I mean if we're gonna point fingers, seems cricket to me don't ye know.😎.
Absolutely the best history/explanation of the code breaking I've ever seen and/or read. Many thanks.
Dont say lie daniel ....you are f...king lier...😕
As brilliant as Alan Turing was, it is nice to see a Bletchley Park/Station X documentary that shows the whole scope of what was done there, and not just a doco on Turing's input.
Yup, it was a massive cooperation of many of those who saw no codes before and had to come up with a way to stop the war spreading.. something like we have here right now in 2023.. 🤖
@@Gabcikovo Sadly, our wars are from within our own borders.
My grandfather was trained at CampX in Oshawa, Ontario, Canada. It was led by William S. Stevenson(a man called Intrepid)
@@Gabcikovo yeah arm the Ukrainians so that all your weapons are tested without losing your own population, kill as many as possible, make ukraine able to pay, then give the weapons bill plus interest to hold them at your mercy for decades to come. Bits only paid off the U.S. lend/lease for all thier old ww1 old tat In 2020...
Channel 4 in the UK did a great documentary about it in the 1990s called Station X but given the subject never been officially released the only version on UA-cam are from VHS tapes so very low quality
Tommy Flowers used his own savings to build some of Colossus. The first version had 1500 valves and the subsequent ones 2300 valves. Two were moved to GCHQ but the destruction of the rest really set the country back post war. Had Flowers been able to take one to the GPO Research Station and reveal it as a post war invention a few months later, Britain would have led the world in computing and telephony technology. As Tommy Flowers tried to build an electronic exchange but was told that machines with hundreds of valves didn't work. He couldn't argue that he had built them with thousands of valves because it was secret.
He was a telephone engineer with the GPO.
Here is an interesting comment. Not just pointlessly blurting outrage at old laws. No one knew he was a war hero!
Because he was just a cog.
Only he wasn’t was he you know his name and anyone who knows anything does.
The tragedy was that colossus was scrapped.
I hadn’t even seen your flag up I was going to add.
The tech was wrapped up and taken to the U. S.
@@jcrosby4804. Because the research was sent to the US lend lease.
What’s yours is mine and what’s mine me own.
Turing was a Savant, this made me realise I'm basically a chimp with a smartphone
These human beings helped to save humanity. Their good efforts cannot be praised enough.
Long Live The Greatest Generation in our hearts. Let them be remembered in our deeds today!!! Carry Strength Brothers and Sisters.
Some subtitles on the German part of the interview would have been helpful.
It was originally 4:3 and was cropped into widescreen, so the subtitles are cropped out.
The debt the world owes to Turing cannot be quantified. His treatment at the hands of the British state was abominable and a warning to us all about unjust laws and persecution.
The world doesn’t revolve around the West .
Your point is?
@tom5216. ALL COUNTRIES WERE PUNISHING HOMOSEXUALS. BUT OF COURSE IT'S ALL THE FAULT OF THE THE BRITISH. THE DEFAULT POSITION IS ALWAYS TO BLAME THE BRITISH.
@@patryan1375 Well your getting yours back , your women and girls will be flooded with diversity , and you can't do a thing about it.
@@patryan1375 Only the British will punish their heroes inscidiously.
This is by far the best coverage of this story I've ever seen. Nice work.
There's another famous X called camp X in Canada, check it out. It was in the spy business as well and played an important and largely forgotten role in the war.
Thank you for the info.
r u talking about Kingston Ontario ..hehehe
yes i heard story from horses mouth ..hehehe how Canadians informed Yankees about coming pearl harbor attack ...hehehe just saying it was known ahead..
Polacy przed wojną czytali Enigma.! Ale zajmowało to 3 tygodnie pracy.! Zanim zbudowano kopie tej maszyny. Częściowo kupionej przez szpiega, częściowo zbudowanej przez polskich inżynierów.! Oczywiście Niemcy udoskonalali Enigme. Mało tego Polacy czytali w 1920 w wojnie z Bolszewikami ich kodowane rozkazy.! Dzięki temu Polska wygrała bitwę Warszawską.! I wojsko Polskie wiedziało że jest to ważna sprawa złamać kody wroga.!
Not true. You poles are obsessed with taking credit for work you didn't do. You surrendered as quick as you could to Germany and you think you deserve respect? You're worse than France. Poland cracked a version of enigma which wasn't this version. Everyone acknowledges Poland HELPED. But that's not enough for you, you want to strangely take all the credit which is a lie.
Now you need to do more concerning the Y Stations, not just in Britain but located throughout the British Empire. The beloved HRO Receivers from America and the whole interesting subject of capturing/receiving code so it could be given to BP. Without the secret listeners sometimes risking injury and disease, language experts, and code literate/expert people, without the radio amateurs, the young people with their fascination for electronics, BP would not have had the raw material to do its work. This is the story of young men literally listening to German signals from a wireless hidden in their parents front room. Truth was more exciting than fiction during these heady days.
Ugh 😊
sounds good
Why would people be hiding their radio sets and listening to them covertly in america yer 🥜??, was they gestapo and cripo marching rampantly through the streets of the united states then?, what utter noncence and 64 clueless idiots gave you a thumbs up..gedda life n gedda grip and leave other nations coat tails alone??
⚠️ I didn't see on this documentary, that the allied forces got one or more enigma machines from U-boats, which is the truth. They talk only about the code book retrieved, but indeed along the war, several enigma machines were also retrieved and studied, and this facilitated a lot of decoding and understanding how the enigma machine worked. 🙏👍
It is VERY sad that no mention of Poland’s Security service, who initially created the basis of the German code and passed them onto the British.
They ARE mentioned. And their work recognised for its excellence in the initial stages of decoding the Enigma messages. See from 15:00.
That is something that I didn’t know, and I’m appalled that the correct authorities did not receive the accolades which they deserved. So much still undercover after all these years. My heart goes out to you all for your bravery and knowledge. I was born fourteen years after the war; not much had changed, and so many of us at school were misinformed.
I'm sorry but I think you are giving the Poles a bit more credit than is due. It's like expecting Dureya to be given credit for the Model T and production line. Everyone had encryption codes back then. Everyone. The Poles were in the most danger and started sooner than others. Their math saved the Brits a ton of work but it's not like the Brits wouldn't have done it themselves. Turing and his "computer" were the irreplaceable components to breaking the enigma. What's sad was his life and how he was treated post war...
Starting on 15:55 they are mentioned and individual Polish mathermaticians are mentioned, the following few minutes are dedicated to their work and progress on this
Did you even watch the documentary or are you just another hater trying to slander the british
Fascinating content. Real shame that you did not voice over or subtitle the spoken German interviews into English.
It was originally 4:3 and was cropped into widescreen, so the subtitles are cropped out.
At (52:14) how come there is no captions, translating the German the guy was speaking, into English? I mean the entire documentary was done in English, the title is in English. Like it happened before that as well. Stuff like that should not get past any decent editor. The rest of this documentary was just phonemonal.
Thank you. This was an absolute delight to watch and I thought I knew the guts of the story but wow was this covered well. I so eagerly await, and embrace all the content from this channel.
God bless all those honorable, brave men from all sides of this horrific war. So many poor people died needlessly. History seems to never learn lessons and just war is always ubiquitous.
"The special relationship with America", You give us all of your inventions and we will claim that WE made them. AND charge you for using them.
Poland did the heavy lifting on the enigma code breaking
It was Poland that invented the "Bombe". they handed it to the British via the French I believe.
They tell how the Germans change their routines during the war, and old messages are pretty useless, they must be deciphered fast to have value
Tak jest! In times when the Brits had no interest in decoding this gibberish, the Poles said bring it on and did it and that blew away the British minds :)) after the Poles reached out to cooperate on more difficult decoding and the Brits eventually learnt the Poles cracked it and that it was so easy (A, B, C, D)
Mmmm 🧐🤔
That is absolutely false
Tommy Flowers was rightly mentioned and he helped build the computer off his own back pretty much. It was a team effort not just Flowers or Turing they couldn't have done it themselves. I do wonder why Turing always get the laurel leaf crown and Flowers seems to get ignored ? The people in Bletchley knew it was a team effort anyway.
Sir, without wishing to be disrespectful, I am sure you are perfectly aware why Alan touring receives a disproportionate amount of attention, and why Tommy flowers doesn’t even any longer have a road named after him.
@@johnwood1948 ''The Imitation Game'' film was a case in point.
They also served, even those who were straight.
@@johnwood1948 🤓
@@casperdog777 To my mind Tommy flowers stands out even amongst this illustrious crowd, truly a modern day Babbage, who would I am sure have been proud of him. The fact that he is not recognised or memorialised is absolutely scandalous, and something really should be done about it.
Imagine being Georg Högel, and subsequently realising that your rescue of the love poems rather than the code book almost single handedly lost the war!
Why do they never say the original date of these programs???
Tommy Flowers, brilliant , ahead of his time, but forgotten What an awful thing to have to destroy his computer 🙏🏼
what is the date, about 2000?
Tommy Flowers died in October 1998, so it would have to have been filmed before then.
My guess is that sections of this were filmed between 1997-1999. It was first shown on channel 4 in the UK in 1999. and released on VHS a short while after. As far as I know , it was never re-broadcast.
I too wish original dates of video productiions were listed -- I feel it should be a requirement. Many programs have historical value but present informatiion that has been superseded by more recent research and discoveries -- particularly in the sciences, but also in historical context.
Destruction may have been the lesser of two evils, the other being to give it to a competitor.
Very very sad what they did to Alan. Just a tragedy. He was a true genius that could have given the world so much more. I'd like to say the world is a better place today. But only just. Time and again it's all too clear those values held then are still held by many now.
@@MyPronounIsGoddess I cant belive you have to ask...dont you watch the news?
@@MyPronounIsGoddess You cant be that sheltered surely, There is a tidal wave of anti lbgtq legislation steaming across the US.
I am a student of history, and have heard this story told before, including the movie, "The Imitation Game". This is the best, most comprehensive, and most informative telling of any I have seen previously. This is complete and contextual. Excellent!
Benchly Park could have been Silicone Valley.
51:17 - "Es fiel sofort das Licht aus, es ist ja kein gutes Gefühl wenn man im Dunkeln sitzt .... und zu überlegen, kommt irgendwo Wasser" = The lights went out immediately, and it's not a good feeling when you are sat in the dark (the rest is in a dialect that I do not understand) .. and to realise that water is coming in[to the ship]"
This is the best of the many renditions of the Ultra story that I have seen and read. Thank you very much.
The Poles made the first breakthrough by understanding the enigma machine.
I believe they captured an enigma machine, that was the breakthrough. The rest was work to automate the crunching of the permutations, but without having a machine with the wiring within the reels, it couldn't have been done.
Polish cryptographers like Marian Rejewski did crack Enigma in the early 1930s but the Germans changed Enigma by the time WW2 started. Alan Turing used a completely different approach to crack Enigma that was much, much faster. Alan Turing's bombe computer allowed messages to be decoded in real time which allowed allied commanders to use this intel to their advantage. Intel about German troop or U Boat movements is useless to a military commander if its a week old.
The Germans would also change the rotor settings everyday making decoding by hand useless.
@PotatoSalad614 REALLY DOES call himself "Obvious Troll" and the English are perhaps, no better than he. "He"? Okay; "It", just listen: 1:29:59
These brilliant codebreakers are 100% responsible for the allies winning the war. the lack of gratitude and recognition is breathtaking. they deserve much more recognition than they ever received. and every schoolchild should be taught about this.
pity ??phrase so much owed by many to so few went to the RAF
I was a cypher tech during the Cold War. I think it taught me how to talk about other things besides work, I guess . Working inside a vault sucked, but there were worse jobs in the green.
Just something we all routinely learned to ignore/deny all knowledge of until back on shift.
One of the greatest true stories in all of history. Never tired of hearing about it.
This is one of the most interesting & intriguing war stories I've ever heard! Absolutely fascinating
53:14, while I’m listening to a man speak German without subtitles I see the same book from Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. Great documentary btw.
Is a shame that I don't speak German. Great documentary regardless of that
That was amazing. What people can achieve when they work together is fantastic. If only it didn't take a World War to get this level of commitment is truely sad. Think of what could be conquerd if we always had this level of cooperation and commitment. No politics, just a common goal.
Thanks for your wonderful talk about Czech Bata'amen in HKVDF. It gave me and my two sons new information about my father and their grandfather, Alois Jjricek, and added to our heritage knowledge and identity. Helenka Jjricek, Adelaide, South Australia.
Hey 👋 it's a pleasure to meet you here and sorry to ask you are those hair of yours natural?🌹🌹🌹
While overall this is an excellent source of information it would have been nice to see German translation in the subtitles. Maybe they could be added at a later date. Overall a well done documentary.
Agree about the subtitles. The technology is available, so I was surprised.
I was surprised by the untranslated German sections. I can read German OK but was almost totally lost trying to make out the spoken material.
The original doc had subtitles, but this video has been cropped from 4:3 to widescreen
These code breaking stuff are very alluring to me. I feel I'm similar to Alan Turing. I find people are often scared or angry at me for my behavior, for I dont make eye contact and other social norms.
I'd like to wear a gasmask in public like him! Ow my nose hurts from smells most people dont seem to notice. But so many times I go outside, I find myself being approached by cops again and again because some stranger called them because I was weird or something.
P.S. I'm not making a cry for pity. I speak my mind and I wish for acceptance of odd-behaving people. If I creep anyone out, I'd like them to leave me alone so I can carry on with my life.
Hello Mr. Green, I understand just what you mean. I can say that 99.5% of my personal and professional relationships have ended badly for unknown reasons of what I have done or said. Recently, I was diagnosed with Autism, and suddenly, my whole life made sense. Have you considered this possibility for yourself? I mean you no disrespect. The realization has changed my life in many ways. In any case. I sincerely wish you well in your future.
@@krmccarrell Hello there fellow Neurodivergent! Around 2001-ish, I was given official Dx in my 20's of autism, I'm 45 now. (I'm a Miss but I'm not offended, cant tell gender by my username). Congrats to you for finding the key to explain much of the past that didnt make sense. What a relief I felt to have closure on so much that never made any sense whatsoever. I continue to rediscover myself, and everyday is a little bit better and less painful, the more autistic I allow myself to be. Now if only the rest of the world would stop trying to cram us into the wrong places. We deserve to be our unique selves. I hope you find your way in this treacherous world.
It's a pity no attempt to translate the German dialog into English was made. This documentary was an otherwise wonderful production. Please consider it in future programs.
1:38:00 Translation of British English for Americans: when he says the machine had 150 “valves” he means electronic “tubes” as in an old radio or TV. It’s because the British are describing the function of the electronic tube not just its appearance as Americans do. BTW this is where a “ bug” in the computer came from. Insects were attracted to the heat generated by the tubes so crawled into the electronics and caused breakdowns.
Such a well-made documentary about a very complicated time in history. The folks whose minds are outside the proverbial box absolutely changed the world. I couldn't help but think that no wonder every man I ever met that was in WWII drank.
We can only thank these wonderful talented people for giving us all a tomorrow, god bless them all.
After the war the British government handed out Enigma machines to embassies around the world so that they could read the dispatches being sent, while the users of the Enigma machines were still under the impression it was impossible to crack.
Only partly true, the patent for Enigma dates back to 1918, by the 1920s they were on commercial sale and the design was taken up by the German Military and improved over time. but in the mid 20s a derivative of the commercial Enigma machine was developed in the UK, post war it was sold under the "Typex" name and of course the UK and US could dechipher the traffic encrypted by it.
@@davehopkin9502 the Heburn automatic writing company; the point about the enigma code and the machines used to actually operate it was that it was genuinely believed to be unbreakable by everybody, including the Germans even when faced with seemingly indisputable evidence that it had been!
That is why churches decision to destroy everything connected with ultra intelligence was correct, the system of cryptography was being used well into the 1960s, and Britain was decoding all of it!
From way back when there were actually great, fascinating and serious historical documentaries on TV with real content and depth, which took their viewers seriously instead of fooling around constantly and even expected them to focus their attention 🤗
Germany used a password manager...and then set the master password to PASSWORD
It was actually the Brits who had the first concept of blitzkreig - that is all forces co-operating to get a successful result.....
I'm sorry, but without the help of Polish Mathematicians, the British would not have done anything
💥🎯💥
Polish cryptographers like Marian Rejewski did crack Enigma in the early 1930s but the Germans changed Enigma by the time WW2 started. Alan Turing used a completely different approach to crack Enigma that was much, much faster. Alan Turing's bombe computer allowed messages to be decoded in real time which allowed allied commanders to use this intel to their advantage. Intel about German troop or U Boat movements is useless to a military commander if its a week old.
The Germans would also change the rotor settings everyday making decoding by hand useless.
They were all heroes
Many of us wouldn't be here if not for Alan Turing and all of his fellow workers
A most interesting and well-presented documentary telling the story of Bletchley and the breaking of the Enigma coding system but, sadly, we still don't know how many souls were sacrificed to give the Germans the impression that we were not aware of their plans and most likely that was why Churcihil had all the records burned.
As explained at the end of this video , other countries and possibly the Soviet Union were using Enigma based coding . Britain and the US were laced with Soviet spies , hence the reason why the Attlee gov would have had everything at Bletchly Park destroyed . There were other decoding techniques not mentioned in this video .
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As an American who doesn't speak German I feel like I'm losing a lot of the punch behind the former German militaries input because I don't know what they're saying because somebody forgot to put subtitles
If Turing and Flowers had been authorized to set up a company after the war Britain would have been at the forefront of the computor age and who knows what may have come of that meeting of minds with a little governmental finance and absolutely no governmental interference.
Tommy Flowers never got the accolades his genius so richly deserved Turing made the idea of a computor but Flowers made the computor of use to mankind.
My mothers brother worked at Bletchley park along with another Uncle who was from the Navy who was called all over the war footprint to interrogate captured pilots and the like
Not Geofrey sheets but Zygalski's sheets. They were the idea of Zygalski.
Indeed. Jeffreys and Welchman ran Hut 6. They had differing responsibilities. Jeffreys' was Sheet stacking and the Machine room. Welchman's was Registration, Decoding, and liaison with Hut 3 which produced the ULTRA intelligence reports.
Would have been better with translation subtitles, was interested in what the German soldier had to say.
I was also trying to decode it myself
A wonderful story, well told. Thank you.
What a fascinating and very moving tribute to such a great woman. Superb content as always Mark
I am in so much awe and wonder. Can't thank you all enough for sharing .❤
The Station X documentary was run on Ch 4 and their paperback was first published in 1998. On the TV they spent a bit of time on Harry Hinsley. Son of a miner Harry chose to pursue education at Cambridge instead of following the family down the mines. Recruited to Bletchley he noticed that a flurry of German signals could tell him (without any actual codebreaking) where an enemy action could happen. (Is that called traffic analysis?). One warning he sent to the Admiralty was ignored leading to some loss of British lives. But after that his warnings were taken seriously. I liked his story, a pity not to leave it in! I love a poorer person making good!
Yes, that is called traffic analysis. The 3 main pillars of signals intelligence are direction finding, traffic analysis, and code breaking.
Brilliant documentary. Best I have seen
There was only 1 code that was never broken and that was the wind talkers.
I must have watched a dozen or more documentaries on the famous Bletchley Park, however this one is by far the most comprehensive and insightful.. brilliant work team
Just based upon the sheer number of times I had to rewind to understand the explaination of how the Enigma was cracked, I can only imagine the frustration and complication the war heroes felt trying to figure this out
Turing did not come up with the idea of the 'Bombe' machine. The Poles came up with the idea and designed and built the first machine which they called the 'Bomba'. The name the Brits gave to their more advanced copy was a nod to the Poles. That history is easily searched so there was no excuses for the producers of this doco to ignore it.
This is an outstanding documentary. I, despite a general antipathy to nationalism, feel very stirred to be British and see what people of my parent's generation accomplished. It is rare that I write such a tribute.
Your grandparents generation of British soldiers were literally commiting multiple genocides around the world, so yeah be really proud to be part of the British empire. Not like you guys slaughtered to extinction MULTITUDES of unique Native tribes in countries around the world or committed Systemic genocide against Native children, the last one in my country being closed in 1996. Your grandparents proud generation proudly wiped out 80% of my people. You starved us to death and took us from our homes.
I mean you killed one million Kenyans in the ‘50s and one million Indians in ‘47, but they aren’t white or British so who cares right ?
Don’t bother saying that’s not a reflection of what your country does today without doing your research or at least asking questions , otherwise it’s just nationalism.
Rommel was not only losing because of his disruption to logistics, he was also losing because he encountered the Australian 9th Division Infantry who fought the Germans to exhaustion. 🇦🇺
Correct.
Brilliant and fascinating documentary on breaking the Enigma code !
They chose to use ABCD. That's like having a password of 'password' or 'secret'.
Monty didn't chase Rommel down after driving his army out of Egypt because most of the time, Rommel had had long supply lines that were easy target for the RAF. He didn't relish being in the same position and vulnerable to the Luftwaffe.
Montgomery allowed Rommel and the Africa Korp to escape because he was too arrogant to use intelligence to the full. It is one of the reasons that Market Garden was such a disaster he didn't believe the Dutch Intel on the resting panzer units near Arnhem.
Poles decoded Enigma
Polish cryptographers like Marian Rejewski did crack Enigma in the early 1930s but the Germans changed Enigma by the time WW2 started. Alan Turing used a completely different approach to crack Enigma that was much, much faster. Alan Turing's bombe computer allowed messages to be decoded in real time which allowed allied commanders to use this intel to their advantage. Intel about German troop or U Boat movements is useless to a military commander if its a week old.
The Germans would also change the rotor settings everyday making decoding by hand useless.
@@PotatoSalad614 thank you
Your phone could decrypt the enigma messages these days... 😁
Station X had the first programmable electronic computer in the world. It was kept so secret that UK never had its own electronic computer industry.
52:30 What is the point of interviewing someone in German if you don't even have subtitles?
I thought the Poles had cracked the Enigma code and all Bletchley did was to automate that process.
They did, just English want to take whole glory for them. Poles who broke the code: Marian Rejewski, Jerzy Różycki and Henryk Zygalski. It was Rejewski who first cracked the Enigma code, they were studied in Poznan. Poznan opened the Enigma Museum.
@@mike.5050 Polish cryptographers like Marian Rejewski did crack Enigma in the early 1930s but the Germans changed Enigma by the time WW2 started. Alan Turing used a completely different approach to crack Enigma that was much, much faster. Alan Turing's bombe computer allowed messages to be decoded in real time which allowed allied commanders to use this intel to their advantage. Intel about German troop or U Boat movements is useless to a military commander if its a week old.
The Germans would also change the rotor settings everyday making decoding by hand useless.
You did watch the whole show right? It clearly states the Poles made the original breakthrough.
Even though the cracked the code. it must of been a nightmare deciding who to save and die so not to let the Germans know that the code had been broken
At 1:34 there is an explanation of how a blunder by 2 German code clerks gave the British the clues they needed to crack the Lorenz ciphers. This event is recounted in the book "Codebreaker's Victory" by author Hervie Haufler. (I highly recommend this book!) The explanation in the video is not entirely correct. If the German operators had returned their Lorenz machines to the same initial setting and sent the same message the ciphertext would have been identical the second time and that would have been no help in cracking the code. The real error the Germans made was that the plaintext sent the second time was similar but not IDENTICAL to the first transmission. The transmitting German operator, probably frustrated at having to send the message the second time, started using abbreviations and contractions. Having two only slightly different ciphertexts from the same initial Lorenz encoder settings is what opened the door to cracking the Lorenz cipher.
amazing !!! i was enthralled from beginning to end ! tell you what , those Brits are a crafty lot ....ain't they
Did ask them who broke the code first and transfer to UK?
I love all the comments by people who obviously didn't watch it. 🤣
Attention spans are short these days. Did you watch the whole thing? I skipped some. I like the bots 🤖 for advertising in the comments section and when someone thinks they are real. Lol
@CourtneylovesYAHofmanyNames I did. I was putting up kids laundry and cleaning the kitchen.
@@pkt1213 This is the Channel 4 series first broadcast about 35 years ago and only hinted at in a few books. Since then at least a dozen books have been written on the subject ….and a number of entertaining films with the emphasis on entertainment.
I’d recommend “Dilly” by Mavis Batty which gives a good intro to this fascinating story. If my memory is correct, Dilly Knox was a WW1 Admiralty code breaker. You’ll get into the history of this topic without getting bogged down in technicality’s, if you’re interested.
Between Silk and Cyanide by Leo Marks is a brilliant read too.
@californiadreamin8423 thanks for the recommendations. I loved interviews with the actual people. They really were the greatest generation.
@@pkt1213 HalleluYah 🙌🏽 stay blessed !
This was awesome . Great documentary. Thanks for posting
It is Station ten, not station ex.