Why was Göbekli Tepe Abandoned 10,000 Years Ago? | Ancient Architects
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- Опубліковано 29 лют 2024
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As climatic conditions improved after the Younger Dryas climate catastrophe, southeastern Anatolia developed into an area rich in living resources. The wild seeds of both agriculture and human civilisation were blooming as new pre-pottery Neolithic centres began laying their foundations.
Göbekli Tepe is one such settlement that has captured the imagination of the world, with it enormous size and scale, with its incredible monumental architecture and the fact its radiocarbon dates go back as far as 11 and a half thousand years ago. This has led to Göbekli Tepe being called the Zero Point of History.
But even though this settlement rose to prominence at a turning point in the world’s climatic history, like every great ancient settlement and civilisation, it was eventually abandoned, some time between 8,241 and 7,795 BC.
You wouldn’t call it a city, or even a town, but a large village, a large-scale settlement for it age, and it thrived for at least around 1,500 years. But why was the site closed?
In this video we take a look at the latest archaeological data and interpretations and re-assess the old claims made by archaeologists Klaus Schmidt and propagated to a wide audience by the media and authors like Graham Hancock.
Was Göbekli Tepe ritually and purposefully covered over and abandoned? If not, why did the people leave? Watch this video to find out!
All images are video are taken from Google Images and the below sources for educational purposes only. Please subscribe to Ancient Architects, Like the video and please please a comment below.
Sources and Further Reading:
Dr. L. Clare et al (2019): www.mimarlikdergisi.com/index....
Dr L. Clare et al (2020): publications.dainst.org/journ...
Ibrahim Yenigun et al (2021): dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/...
Dr L. Dietrich et al (2019): journals.plos.org/plosone/art...
Dr O. Dietrich et al (2014): www.researchgate.net/publicat...
#AncientArchitects #GobekliTepe #AncientHistory
Join me on a tour of Ancient Turkey this October with Anyextee of Adept Expeditions! See sites including Hattusa, Çatalhöyük, Karahan Tepe and Gobekli Tepe! Use code ‘Ancient Architects’ to get $200 off now. Limited spaces available. Visit: adeptexpeditions.com/tours/turkey-tour-2024/
@EuroWarsOrg yes that’s what happened to Troy
I remember watching a live-action documentary a very long time ago about the civilization around Göbekli Tepe.
I kind of remember 1 of the settlements was a tomb holding some kind of king holding a great sword.
Trying to rack my brain to remember what is was called. It must have been somewhere in the 1980's
I remember !!!! It was documentary was called
Conan the Barbarian
@EuroWarsOrg If I'm remembering correctly - It was about the civilization around Göbekli Tepe, not Göbekli Tepe.
I'm trying to find that Conan the Barbarian live-action documentary.
Hi,my question is if those human live so many years ago and they were like us why'd it take humanity so long to come out of the stone age?
To me you seem to be a very gifted researcher. Never thought to a PhD and become a "digging archeologist" yourself? 😮
Finally I heard a more plausible proposal about Gobekli Tepe burying.
Natural slope slippage and erosion has been known for some time, and while it's great that you have finally heard that, it just goes to show how incorrect ideas, backed with enough PR/media coverage, can be very difficult to correct.
"Gobekli tepe was not a sustainable site"
Also:
"...Was inhabited for 1500 years"
1500 years isn't a sustainable period of time for life..😂
The village i live in was roman for 500 years there is not 1 bit of roman anything left it just vanished.
@@xKynOx Could be a few meters under your feet :)
Is it possible that the entire structure was covered in a wooden roof, capped with soil as to blend in with the landscape? In other words, a man made under ground settlement. Once the wood gave way, the soil buried the interior, soon after it was abandoned.
Thats a decent idea
if that happened the majority of the stones would be knocked over onto their sides when unearthed
Why? They would be sitting in the dark.
If that had happened, the necessary timbers would've been pretty huge, to hold up all that dirt. You'd think some evidence of such big timbers would still have been there when the site was excavated.
Now, it's possible that there was a wooden roof, even with dirt on top, and later people repurposed the wood, collapsing the dirt as they removed the beams.
There's not much sign of soot, that's the main reason to doubt it. It was my immediate thought the first time I saw the site.
Göbekil Tepe is around 300 meters in diameter making it a very significant construction for a civilization with stone tools and primitve equipment.
Only about 15% has been excavated so far. Hard to determine the diameter till more has been unearthed.
@@russellmillar7132and how many layers lie beneath? Troy had more than a few once they finally got down to it I believe...
Why would stone tools imply a smaller diameter?
.
The size of a village/city is defined by how many people live there, not by how technologically advanced they are.
Mexico city has a much larger diameter than NYC.
But NYC has better "tools and equipment"
I doubt it was mererly a hunter-gatherer society. Too sophisticated IMO.
@@savannakougar5209 So how did this society get food, IYO? Do you believe they had developed animal husbandry or had domesticated plants prior to building these structures. The designation "hunter-gatherer" only speaks to how they get their food. It's not a measure of their sophistication or lack thereof.
Fantastic content 😊
Cheers
Really enjoyed this-especially some of the layouts that I haven't seen before-especially the one with the water /erosion flow-it is the best depiction of the site that I have ever seen because it truly shows the site's layout, size, etc. better than anything I've seen before.
I find myself being excited about all that we are learning about our ancestors. I am fully convinced that we are no better than they were.
They were more than hunter gatherers; they were dreamers, project managers, designers, engineers, stone masons, hard workers. In other words, they were real people.
I agree we're no better; but we are likely as much alike as we are different and we have the luxury of being in an entirely different situation. Modern medicine, food security, transportation, et cetera.
I agree! What I would give to be able to talk with one of them.
@@elihinze3161 unfortunately, you would have to have a crash course on their language. It would be nice to watch how they go through the construction phases.
@@elihinze3161 you are one of them .. Reincarnation is very real..! IMO
thanks for adding clarity and common sense on this topic, it much needed nowadays.
Much like many medieval sites have been abandoned in more recent history it is likely the geographical factors in an evolving landscape after the end of the ice age meant that there were better more suitable locations that offered easier lifestyles. Climate is a dynamic factor in history and effects the food chain from top to bottom. Only by finding and studying where populations moved to next can we begin to understand why ?
I think Matt covered one of the why's in that the eventual deforestation of the surrounding area lead to them ultimately abandoning the stie. Even if they used conservation practices, the regrowth of trees in rocky arid landscapes always seems to be slower than the demand. There was another ancient site in England that was determined to probably have been abandoned for similar reasons; the type of land couldn't keep up with the demand for wood. I'm sure there are other factors, but he covered this one.
@@jeromekemmer8148yeah most logical likely explanation! Wood and trees were essential but cutting down trees also doesn't help the soil soak up all the rain water and flooding. Could of moved due to that also and top layer of earth getting marshy there. Probably ended up drowning the site in soil after floods and landslides etc. Hence why it ended up buried after thousands of years.
Maybe they re-routed the interstate highway system. Many thriving communities have become ghost towns because of that.
Thank you for mansplaining Ross Geller
Nice video but I still am not convinved. Gobekli Tepe is deemed a hill-top site and from what I have seen in various videos, this statement is true. My question is that a huge amount of material was required to bury the site and it is not evident that this existed above the present site. Given each landslide or partial filling in would deplete the higher-up the slope source material, the filling in would decline . I have no alternative explanation that does not involve the moving of masses of material by incredible storms or floods. A visit to the site would be of great help with this and I look forward to your report. Just wish I could join you on the trip. Good luck!
Bear in mind it is the highest point on the landscape for miles and miles around. Hill is a misleading term that makes it sound small and video of that landscape it's tough to get a sense of scale. The site is towards the top but not at the pinnacle... ever notice most of the video films down into it? Plenty of material to fill in the enclosures over 10K years. The landscape can change a lot in that time.
@@TigerLily61811 Yes, there are video shots looking down onto some parts of the excavated site - but there are others which show excavations carrying on up the hill towards the summit. Given that these locations were also completely buried, this is what confuses me with the 'downhill erosion' theory.
Such an intriguing site. So mysterious.
Very nice work, Matt! I hope the people of Turkey understand what a privilege it is to be the custodians of such a vitally important site.
Here ye here ye may we all understand what a privilege it is to be custodians of these human body forms! May we be ok with sucking up to those who want to remind us constantly of our privileges! 🤮
I think they are not aware and don't understand. Brainwashed by Islam.
They don’t. They hardly care to preserve, nor care of their privileged to the Anatolian regions history
That it lasted as long as it did is amazing
Awesome. New video.
Enjoy
been binging your videos about this time period, great stuff bro. would love to hear your take on the black sea deluge
Brilliant analysis! Glad you are trying to give a more balanced non-bias view.
I really like the way you engage with a site and the available evidence. Setting aside assumptions and interpretations, to see if there is another possible explanation, can help us see things we’ve overlooked or misunderstood. To me, that is a lot more fun and useful.
I am so glad you will get to go in person this year, breathe that air and touch that soil. I will be with your group in spirit. Looking forward to what you learn there.
Excellent video! Thank you!
I've been devouring your videos on GT recently. I'm going to be visiting it next week and I wanted as much information as possible before I go - real information, not fairy tales or alien conspiracy theories! - and your channel has delivered in spades. I feel a lot more prepared for my visit now and am really looking forward it. It's been a dream of mine to visit GT ever since I first read about it in the 90s, so it's a trip that's been 30 years in the making! I can't wait and thank you for giving me so much factual information to make my experience that much better.
Excellent analysis. Thanks Matt!
Another excellent video! Very interesting content!
One of the best videos, the best channels and the best researchers and narrators. Thanks!
Great job, Matt!
I've see the recent video of Prehistory Guys "three days at Gobekly tepe" with doctor Lee Clare, very interesting!
When you see the hill above from the prospective of the special site, all burial dynamics becomes clearer!
Sorry for my "primitive" english!
Your English is great and far better than me trying any other language! In fact your English is better than a lot of Englishmen 😂 Thanks for the info. I still need to watch the latest Prehistory guys video. Thank you 🙏
I see a place you bring your skins and gathered fruits to be processed in an early cooperative scenario. A seasonal event where you hand over skins etc and leave with wine, clothing, preserves. A place that had a relatively small population but could cater to mass gatherings in times of conflict or ritual celebrations 👍
If you are coming with "skins" and leaving with wine... that means commerce made us civilized and not agriculture
(And I agree, but many do not)
That would imply that some people live in the city and are specialized to making finished goods to trade with you for your raw materials.
...not just hunter-gatherers
But hunters, gatherers, wine makers, flint knappers, etc...
A society just as "civilized" but NOT farming (as we conceive it)
Your hard work researching is obvious in All of your videos. THANK YOU SIR! 🎉
i like this hypothesis...however, it IS a hypothesis....the combination of nature and humans makes complete sense, to me....and, no! no aliens needed...nary a one!
thanks, Matt, for your down to earth explanations of what possibly occured👍👍
Kool!! Thank you!!
Great video! Well balanced information.
Well reasoned and explained. Thank you!
great video!
Fantastic video. It's so easy to get sucked down the path of the alternate history channels that claim everything is an unsolved mystery.
Well done & thank you!
I just want to say Thank you so much for all the hard work you are putting into this research. And, the way you explain the information is easy to understand, at least for me. It sounds like your hard work will be rewarded with a trip of a lifetime to that region of the planet.
Thanks Matt for a reasonad explanation.
Thank you Matt👍🏼❤
Thanks Lynn
Those relief carvings matching those in peru,india, japan and Egypt contest your hunter gatherer view
Well done!
👍
Not buried but sheltered from to be eroded by the weather, or destroyed; hoping that one day would be discovered as a warning of the incoming end of the next cycle.
Gobekli was a massive necropolis business.
Necropolii end for two reasons.
a. A change in religion and burial practices.
b. A decline in the economy. Lavishing resources on a necropolis is a luxury, than can easily be dropped if times are hard.
Note: Large cooking facilities are necessary at a necropolis, to cater for the Last Supper for mourners. If you look at the Cappadocia necropolii, they have a Christian chapel (circular enclosure), a burial room (square rooms behind), and a long dining hall (for the Last Supper for the dead). It was big business.
R
8:14 If we accept that these are separate events separated over time then is it not an easy assumption to make that the place was abandoned 'long' before the lowest layer of deposition.
Fabulous work as ever Matt! 👏 'I Want to Beleive' the Loons of Ancient Aliens but, as you say, it's all just too hilarious to contemplate most of the time... 🤣 I've long thought tho' that *you* are an excellent 'bridge' between them and the slightly stuffy, (and considerably less entertaining) world of the Scientific and Archaeological research papers. It's a great 'service' mate, and I'm really delighted that your channel has become so successful... Thanks as ever, Bobby 🐭
Thank you sir!👍
That this place was filled by nature might be possible, but this also strongly suggests, that the settlement wasn't inhabited at this exact point in time, when this happened. Normally, humans would just remove such landfill, that came through a landslide and continue with their lives afterwards. Like people are doing today. And not just people who have access to modern tools and helpful machines - really poor people do that too, with their hands.
But if they weren't there when this happened, but actually returned back to this place at a later point in time, just to find parts of it buried this way, they might have choosen to not clean up this mess anymore and fill it up, to continue to use the other buildings instead.
My heart.
Luckily you are not of sensationalism.
Hancock is a novelist, and a father of a Netflix executive.
Giving credits to making a site known to masses, well not my kind of merits to make, sounds more like a bandaid to a messy wound.
Anyway I am happy to see you are keeping it real. Cheers
The discussion between natural or anthropogenic filling ought to end by a geological analysis of the filling material.
Περιμένω με αγωνία τα νέα σου videos.
remember watching a live-action documentary a very long time ago about the civilization around Göbekli Tepe.
I kind of remember 1 of the settlements was a tomb holding some kind of king holding a great sword.
Trying to rack my brain to remember what is was called. It must have been somewhere in the 1980's
I remember !!!! It was documentary was called
Conan the Barbarian
Didn't expect a clip of AA to be triggering after all these years but just hearing the words "Ancient Alien Theorists" made my blood pressure spike.
Thank you
BTW ALWAYS LOVE THE INTRO MUSIC. RESPECT!
One consequence of the adoption of agriculture was the gradual concentration of population and hence the demand for wood for fuel (e.g., to bake bread). Deforestation was followed by progressive removal of shrubs and grasses for cooking, providing light at night to thwart predators, and heating in winter. This ultimately led to soil destabilization with seismicity enhancing gravity slumping.
The idea that Gobekli Tepe was filled in by nature makes more sense than “they buried it” which would have taken a lot of work. Also it might be better to say there was a temple in the community, as these were very spiritual people. But what I find most interesting is humans turned to building with stone after the Younger Dryas, which lends credence to the idea that part of the catastrophe was a massive solar flare.
seems possible that the last inhabitants probably didn't know why the structure was there or what is was originally built for
Not to disparage Hancock. But you did a really good job on this.
We are all stuck in stories of a flood,. They all begin and end on a mountain top.
There is a lot more digging that has to be done before speculating about anything in the vicinity of Ararat.
RESPECT!
Splendid 😃
Enjoy
@@AncientArchitects great video, thanks dude 🙏🏼😃
of course, these gigantic stone circles where nothing but kitchen appliances - mabe imported from old
Greenhouse gasses in Greenland ice cores (by which temperatures in the graph at 9:46 are deduced) show it was their decline /cooling (not rise/warming) which turned Gobekli Tepe from abundance into what we see now: the lower the CO2, the lower the altitude at which various plant can grow & top-soil can replenish. The recent spike of CO2/0.25°C needs be 5 times greater to restore Gobekli Hill's habitat of 9000yrs ago.
Great stuff again,. i would love to see video looking at the wider view of the trade links from all around , no way it was just a one off building enterprise, these ancients had far and wide trade links, it may help us understand a lot more.
if not the trade links, then the animal migration paths that these people would have followed, and built around.
Yes, there are many nearby 'Tepes' like Karahan Tepe.
So it was a place where people lived that eventually feel into disrepair and disuse. That's actually what I always expected would be found once the place was more thoroughly excavated; Klaus Schmidt was just floating theories based on extremely early information gleaned from excavation of, by his own estimate, around 5% of site. In many ways I find it much more exciting that Gobekli Tepe waa a "normal" sort of human settlement, because it shows incredible organization at such an early time. That means there might be earlier, smaller, "proto-Gobeklis" out there in the ground somewhere.
They had to go, simply as that. Now, they did shield it. Also, where should they go? I'll tell you what there are some theories. Some went to Turkey, some to Scandinavia, some to America e.t.c. Now, don't get me wrong those trips was hard. They couldn't use a car or buy a ticket like we can know. Most readers understand this. And I would also like to add that the stone age was pretty cool. Why? I have several reasons for that. One, I like stone and stones I really do. I'm an artist and stone is my go to. Second, stone age people was pretty tough. Third, cant think of a third reason but you get my point. Anyway Göbekli Tepe rules what a great site, I have a Tepe baseball hat from last year and love it. People ask me "Where did you get that?" I just laugh lol....
Matt can you do a video of china pyramids
Can you make a video of the pyramids of Xian China please Al’s your video are amazing learning about Egypt
Enclosure AB cannot ever have been a ritual space because of the dense set of columns that were created by digging around them. It makes sense as a cistern, however: the pillars would have supported a roof of rock slabs meant to protect the water from animals, birds, and evaporation. The extra stones stacked on top of each pillar would have been added in order to raise that roof, as the capacity of the reservoir was augmented by building a low wall around it.
Totally agree
The animals left, the humans followed.
Thanks Matt for repeating this, as it is the most likely turn of events. Although I do believe that earthquakes might have had a stronger influence. It is after all an earthquake zone that can have absolute devastating effects, as we have recently witnessed. Even Sanliurfa as been effected by the last earthquake. So moving to safer ground would also have been a factor.
I do wonder if Gobekli Tepe is actually a city for its time .
Hey, it's not exactly your normal content but I'd LOVE to see you do a review of the prima horror/drama movie "Out of Darkness"! Historical accuracy, costumes, geography, group dynamics, anything. I'd just love to see a breakdown or review from more people with anthropological backgrounds - it's set "45,000 years ago" and does an admirable job at being realistic (unlike say the movie "10,000 BC").
They moved their camps down to the Harran Plain where the wheat and barley were actually growing.
Thank You as always Matt
I always thought the "deliberately buried" claim was pretty dubious. It didn't seem like there was enough evidence to support that assertion so concretely.
I'm wondering if the "covering up" of the structure was actually caused by a mud flood? It just doesn't make sense that people would bury it. There are sites all over the world that shows that there have been one or more worldwide flood/mud flood.
Thank you for keeping on top of the latest research and findings for this site.
Hi, I really like your approach to these subjects.
If one is to have an open minded view, then one should be open to change his/hers view of even a recently formulated hypothesis.
Regarding the filling of the pillar complex, should be no surprise that time alone could do it (erosion + human intervention).
There are entire roman cities buried beneath current European capitals, and it happened in only ~2ky. People keep discovering more sites during subway constructions and such.
And didn't Graham himself show an ancient Egyptian site that was featured on an old movie and now is used as a rubble dumping site for the military?
Wasn't the sphinx unburied multiple times in history because sand just kept filling its enclosure back?
Non the less, it is interesting to see that such an undertaking could be carried out right at the exit of the ice age by so called hunter gatherers.
My highly uneducated guess: a Mad Max 3 barter town kind of situation. Some one was able to leverage the particular advantage of this place, get people (locals or in passing) to trade stuff. Maybe even stablish some kind of religion and/of knowledge gathering (astronomy, architecture).
I just find it so curious that the ancients seemed to be obsessed with the stars, time keeping and engraving those in stone.
Keep up the good work and lets collectively find it out 👍
I still think that those circular enclosures were not ritual spaces but water reservoirs, for spring and/or rainwater. The interconnections, the external channels, the holes in the floor seem to make more sense in that interpretation. A floor dug down below the surrounding ground makes sense for a cistern, but would be pointless work for a ritual or social space. The reservoirs would have been modified, expanded, and reduced over the centuries as the local climate changed, and/or springs varied in volume, and/or the rain collection varied in area. The houses around the enclosures would have been just ordinary dwellings. It seems unlikely that a priestly class already existed at that time.
Tip of the iceberg it seems. Many decades of digging to be done.
even I can add water floods, that land is likely clay and mud soils, so slides could be so frequently as we thought. from sat view marks of water path is so clearly in the layers the same a neat definition of clay soils.
The site was not destroyed, so I don't think it was war. Most likely drought or environmental factors.
weird volume up and down in this one
Was able to at least bring this channel to an ancient alien believer. Pointing out Inca acidic mud was something they had never considered
There is a similarity o this and the Viking traditions. Egyptian traditions and obviously others.
I think it's possible that these are not "religious" actions but possibly economical or, even, social.
Ancient societies had economies much like ours, except more barter-centric rather than fiat, but there is some evidence fore the latter.
Further, there is an economic parallel towards the "burying" of gold/jewels/wealth and that of "burying" wealth via a blown capital acquisition in the stock market... Same out come, different millenia.
It could possibly be the same for Göbekli Tepe - It could have been a commercial site that was, well, "archived".
So how did hunter gatherers gain the knowledge to carve and move such huge stones? And if they moved from this area, where did they go? Are there settlements on lower ground?
If the site was initially established as a processing center for the meat harvest from the herds migrating past, occupation would have ended when the herds stopped passing by.
Were the layers of fill/sediment dated?
Intentionally filling it in never did make sense. It's more likely a mega-tsunami washed over the area. Today we still have hunter gatherers in Africa, Papua New Guinea, Amazonia ETC. If it were hunter gatherers who built Gobekli Tepe, they sure got their hands on some good equipment because hammers and chisels doesn't make sense either.
It was redundant. they had determined the new polar star , so It was mothballed as the seasons where set , and the growing of food took presidency over planetary position . Once cloned it was put away not destroyed .
Earthquakes are more than normal in this region.. so natural cover up is a logical outcome..
Flood sediments remained soft allowing Noah’s decendants to emboss among other things, the seed bags used to plant the vital crops neccesary to sustain the post diluvian civilization.
Gobekli Tepi wasn't buried and abandoned. There was a massive flood and the pits filled in with the surrounding soil. That is why some of the pillars are laying down and other are broken. If it was carefully filled in there would not be the damage we see during the excavation. And if there was a roof system covered with soil some of the buried wood would have survived intact protected from the elements in the arid climate. We dont see that. Possibly the Younger Dryas glacier melting or the Older Dryas glaciers melting causing flooding of the region and the movement of the soil into the Tepe pits.
Are they not now saying (the current archeologists) that Karahan Tepe WAS deliberately buried? weird if that was but Gobekli Tepe was not.
Each T-pillar or other large architectural stone element was cut out of the quarry by a small team of at most a dozen people, perhaps a family or clan. It seems natural that each team tried to decorate "their" pillar with sculptures. They already were producing sculpted decoration on smaller stone objects. The decoration would not increase the amount of work needed to make a pillar. Once one team had that initiative, the other teams would probably have joined in the fun, in a sort of competition. One still sees such artistic competitions between groups in the same locality, all over the world. The decoration need not have had a religious function. It may have been just what the pillar makers fancied. Thus one should be wary of drawing conclusions about their myths and religion...
Because they moved to the Balkans and founded Danubian Civilization. Then went to Scandinavia and founded pottery cultures and built Stonehenge on the way
Some sites in tassili N'ajjer are older.
The only explanation that makes sense a massive flood.
Like most human development from the past, life ENDED.
Has occurred MANY, FREQUENT TIMES.
Earth, land buried time after time.
Some knew this occurred, would occur.
They built underground cities. Sealed themselves inside.
I think they were aware of the erosion with their water management strategies, and I agree that nature probably got the better of them. It never made any sense to me, other than what you proposed, that intentional burial was anything other than reclaiming the space, and probably using less labor intensive building methods in place whilst the location remained sustainable.
Thankyou for your honesty, much appreciated. We know all carbon dating is based on assumptions but nobody talks about that, I’d love to know what assumptions the carbon dating of Gobekli Tepe was based upon.
Nobody talks about a topic that you want others to believe has validity?
i was just thinking. Couldn't it be that the site is the area where human history was reset after the great flood coz it is only 550 km from mount Arara. Perhaps that could also explain why there are so many carvings of animals on the pilars.