Biostatistics SUMMARY STEP 1 - The Basics USMLE
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- Опубліковано 30 вер 2024
- ESSENTIAL MATERIALS FOR USMLE STEP 1, 2CK, & 3 JOURNEY
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* The correlation coefficient (~25 min mark) isn't explained well and I acknowledge this. The main point to get across was the positive (line upwards to right) versus negative (line downward to right) directions. How tightly the dots correlate to the line is not explained in this video. +1 or -1 means the dots are "tightly" speckled on the line. Any number in between (ie. .3, -.2 etc...) and the dots are "loosely scattered". (see 2020 video for clarification)*
Feel free to email me at randy.neil8@gmail.com for notes or you can go to www.coastalmdl... to download. Good luck on exams!!
Randy Neil, MD
Why am I paying for Harvard's so called experts to teach me! You did more to show me how to set up a problem than my professor who wrote the book on biostats!
Ha... Thanks for the kind words. That's one of the kindest comments I could have gotten. Giggidee...giggidee...alright.
@@RandyNeilMD Lmao, heh heh, alright
lol at this humble brag
@@RandyNeilMD LOL at the QUAGMIRE reference!
😎
Incredible video my friend!! They should just play your videos at each school instead of hiring somebody to teach it worse than you can!
UA-cam Medical School....add in Wiki and we can make it a fellowship. Sounds like a plan...ha
Mush thanks, mush love randy!
I was just about to comment this exact thing. My school did a terrible version of this with 1 hr of history and people associated with stats.
DirtyUSMLE agree !
@@RandyNeilMD Dear Randy I rarely reply but I must. Some years ago one of my friend learn something. I asked him how as in certain destination it was not available. He replied. UA-cam UNIVERSITY. Today its truly a fact. Some idiots ok lets make it gentle fools do use it for spasms and all sorts of rubbish. Other for such a noble purpose to educate or get educated. I appreciate ur kind effort. As I have just started but feel that I am learning.Thanks agin.
3 years later taking Step 3 now and have come back here every time to watch this video on biostats cause it's honestly the best video out there!
same here
me too lol
I usually do not comment on UA-cam videos, but I couldn't resist. I am currently studying for step 1 and I've understood something that had been taking me forever in just half an hour of watching your videos. Heroes don't always wear capes. Thanks so much!!!
Thanks for the kind words... too funny. Very glad it was helpful. After you crush STEP1..check back in.
@@RandyNeilMD Just checking in! Did well on both step 1 and step 2 ck with your help. Currently applying to med/peds and having a pretty successful application cycle!
@@sorayabascoy5838 holy you actually checked back in. dope.
@@sorayabascoy5838 so you didnt score that high?
@@quasimoto106 med/peds is combined internal medicine and pediatrics and very competitive, so they must have scored pretty high
**** At 08:47 nice mnemonic which helped me alot
the more we go [N] egative(healthy) ------> higher se [N] sitivity -----> higher [N]PV
the more we go [P] ositive(disease) ------> higher s[P] ecificity -----> higher [P]PV
**** case-control =======> just say in your head "Case OR Control" to remember that it is related to OR=odd ratio
Nashaat, Thank you for sharing. You should make a video...
26:20 FYI for those still watching this video, there is an error at 26:20! The Pearson correlation coefficient is D -0.2 because the dots are scattered with a "weak negative correlation". Answer choice E -1.0 would have all the dots in a straight line with a "strong negative correlation". Check First Aid 2019 page 263 for more information
Awang333 thanx man. You got it 👍🏻
Thanks!
excellent error pointed out. i was about to add this. the wider the spread out of points the weaker the number is and it has nothing to do with the slope.
@@doomsdayknight2229 can you explain the RR ques 24:24. plzz
@@UnknownStar08 Relative risk is for cohort studies. We know this is a cohort study because we have an outcome of prostate cancer and are looking retrospectively to see whether an exposure had some influence in occurrence of prostate cancer. In this case, the exposure is presence or absence of children.
With relative risk, you are looking at the risk of something between two groups. Because we are interested in comparing prostate cancer risk in men without children to men with children, we look at the risk of just prostate cancer in men without children (what we are interested in) and then compare to (divide by) prostate cancer in men with children.
Risk of prostate cancer in men without children: Prostate cancer and no children (80) divided by total men without children (1000)
Compare it (divided by) by the risk of men with prostate cancer with children.
Risk of prostate cancer in men with children: Prostate cancer with children (220) divided by men with children (1500)
So it should look like: Risk of prostate cancer in men without children (80/1000) / (220/1500) Risk of prostate cancer in men with children.
I just took my exam yesterday, answered 99% of the questions from this and the part 2 video alone! Can’t thank you enough for making this!
PERFECT!!
where is part 2?
@@maybeokie ua-cam.com/video/VMI9UuNqoGI/v-deo.html
You are the pathoma guy of statistics.....thanks a lot Dr...your style is magnificent
That was perhaps the best compliment I have ever received. Glad videos were helpful
+Randy Neil, MD......You deserve it.....successful teaching is a talent and you're talented
They were helpful man.
Thanks. Appreciate it
BEST!
8 years ago , and 8 years later watching it
Gold will always be Gold
Works well for insomnia as well... :)). Thank you for the kind words.
I passed my nbmes because of your videos. I improved my biostats and epidemiology sections tremendously. It made a difference in me passing or failing. Thank you sir you are great!
You have to love it when it all works out perfectly. Glad it was helpful.
This is one of the best teaching videos I have watched on UA-cam! Thank you so much :)
You are the teacher with the million subscribers... So I am humbled. Thanks for the comment
For biostats, it is the best video hands down :)
is it me or the relative risk formula he used is different than first aid?
How many of you are using this video to study for the Step 3 now?👋 Ready to be over with biostatistics lol
C'mon.... you should be saying "bring it"... one of the few sections on exam you can answer with confidence
Seriously? I hope you having a teaching gig somewhere and that they're paying you ALOT of money.
I wish...glad it was helpful.
Thanks for this awesome video! Question: at timestamp 6:43 wouldn't this study be a retrospective cohort, not a case control? The "exposure" is older age and the researchers started with two groups, exposed and not exposed (older and younger). Then they looked to see the outcome (high or low Step 1 score). Or is this not right? Thanks!
I agreed
agreed bro! I was also thinking same
6:12 We are obtaining the Results(i.e. the outcome/ reality/ disease ) and the Age( exposure/ risk) at the same time so why is this not a cross-sec study? Please explain this Sir. I am so confused now.
I agree I thought this was cross-sectional.
In cross sectional we just determinate the incidence, like people who have age >50... & people who scored >200.
We do not establish association.
Here we are trying to answer the question "is there an association between old age & low scores?"
Got it??
Dr. Neil is the MAN! Thank you for taking this extremely dry topic and making it easy. I've studied it for step 1 and step 2 and could not bear to do it again for step 3 but his approach has brought much needed relief. Also very impressed with his response to my request for a copy of the notes as he is no doubt busy with residency. Thanks again, doc!
At 13:55 , isn't the FN 0 on all A,B & C points? Making sensitivity 100% on all of them ?
Thank you for posting your videos! I'm one of those non-traditional student and haven't seen or attempted any stats questions since the mid 90s. I would start sweating as soon as I saw a biostats question on any of my practice blocks. Originally, I would pick an answer and move on to the next question. I've stopped skipping them, and they no longer send into the panic zone. THANK YOU!
Having my step1 tomorrow…came back just to rewatch one last time.. thank you very much. ❤️
STAY CONFIDENT!!
Came here for step 1 and step 2, back for step 3. THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR ALL OF YOUR HELP!!!!!!
CRUSH IT!!
Saved, liked, favorited, shared, appreciated... Can't thank you enough, Dr. Neil.
Thank you so much buddy. I don't think you realize how helpful it is to just have someone draw this out with you. Ofcourse its all in FA but having it in context is invaluable. I think someone mentioned it already but I think the only things you're missing is RRR, ARR, NNT and NNH. But they're pretty self explanatory.
Glad you found it useful. Good luck on the Step exams...
Fucking hate when someone uses the word Buddy!
@@shawnjonas7622 Chill buddy
@@shawnjonas7622 fuck u BUDDYYYYYYY
This video (and the accompanying one), is a MUST WATCH for anyone preparing for step 1! Simplified and to the point. Thank you Dr. Neil!
3 months of UW and all I really needed was 20 mins. You're a God Sent savior. God Bless 🙌
Perfect. That's what the goal is. "There's got to be a better way..."
i think RR ratio calculation at 24.30 has some error.Isnt that a/(a+b)/c/(c+d) would dividing 80/(220+80)/920/(920+1280)=0.57
plz correct me if i am wrong.....thank u
i'm half way through the vid.... and mannnn i LOVE u for this... u r the best.. my step 1 is in few days.. and i'm doing my final revisions... and i needed this quick source for tackling the high yield stuff.... i wish u all the best
I have been here for my step 1, step 2 CK and now step 3. I hope you realize how much value you add to people's life. Thank you isn't enough.
You can show appreciation by letting the adds run guys, Goodluck everyone.
Glad it was helpful. Be sure to take a peek at DRUG AD video for STEP 3...
@@RandyNeilMD I sure will, thanks again.
I was here for Step 1, for Step 2, and now again for Step 3. Dr. Neil, you the best
Cristina... Thank you for the kind comment. For step 3, make sure to review DRUG AD video...
Thanks for the video, very helpful. I came here for step 3
It will still work… :)
I used this to study for biostats for Step 3, worked perfectly. Day 1 of Step 3 has a decent amount of Biostats, like 4 - 6 q per block, but this video will cover like nintety percent of what youll need
That's perfection!! Glad to hear it worked well for you.
@@RandyNeilMD I am taking my Step 3 in 2 days. And I have a degree in Biostats from Boston, but I STILL came back to your video for that high yield revision! You're AMAZING.
@@ashimadogra4523 Thank you for the feedback... CRUSH the STEP 3... Biostats was only on Day 1 from what I recall... pretty much teh same as STEP 1 and 2... Stay focused. Stay confident...
@@RandyNeilMD Aww thank you so much! You're the best!
The best video ever about bio statistics. Thanks Randy
+Daniel AM Perfect...do well on exam
Thank you so much for the video, it's very helpful. But is there a typographical error when calculating the Relative Risk? As far as I understand it, it's (A/the horizontal total)/ (B/horizontal total). The denominator is the sum on the far right side not the sum at the bottom of the punnet square.
His table is set up differently. The question is also worded so that it basically asks for the inverse of the relative risk.
I can’t thank you enough. Not all heroes wear capes 😭🙏
Thank you Ellie. Glad it was helpful.
I somehow stumbled upon this video by chance, and it was like a gift from God. I kid you not, Dr. Neil's videos for Biostats are a God send for those studying for step 1. His videos helped me understand the First Aid portion better and apply them to Uworld questions. On top of that I emailed him and within a day he was kind enough to send me his one page notes, thank you Dr. Neil!
Randy.neil8@gmail.com. Just email me. I'll attach a copy
can i have one please? walcis001@hotmail.com .... thanks in advance
Dr. Neil's biostatistics review videos are an absolute must-watch for Step 1 studying! These lectures will give you an approach that you can consistently use to answer questions correctly. Forever grateful!
I return to this video annually for step 1, step 2 and now step 3. You are the best!
CRUSH STEP 3!!!
hey Randy 2017, and this video is still pure gold !!thanks a lot
Just went through the whole series having never read Biostats all through medical school and even kept avoiding it for step, I can easily conclude that Dr Randy is a legend.
Ganeev, Appreciate the kind words...
You've cured my biostatistics phobia, eternally grateful.
Thank you for the great videos Dr. Neil.
I think the question at 6:00 is actually a retrospective cohort because the two groups were seperated based on the risk factor (being old or young) not the outcome (high or low score)
yes it should be cohort if we compare between the low scorer and high scorer and see in them how many are above 50 Yoa and below 50 Yoa than it will be case control
Can we get some step 2 and 3 content for biostats too? :)
It's all the same...
taking step in 48 hours and this just saved my life
Keep Us Posted!!
As I am studying for level 2, I'm realizing that this simple chart would've gotten me so many questions on y first boards. Better late than never. Also the cOhOrt double O has a Relative Risk a Double R, if anyone else could use that connection.
Appreciate the comment!
OMG, my brain just clicked. Thank you so much! This was amazing!
You are moat welcome.
About the 4th question, can someone, @Randy Neil or anyone who can help answer why it isn't a cross sectional study? because the question is comparing two groups of students (older and younger) at a single point in time (when they took the exam), and checking their USMLE Step 1 scores. The data is collected simultaneously from both groups, and there is no follow-up or longitudinal component. where as I thought a
Case-Control Study Compares individuals with a specific condition (cases) to those without the condition (controls), often to identify risk factors or associations.
please somebody help
You are amazing!!!!!!!!!! May God bless you and your family 🙌🏾🙌🏾😊😊
Why. Just why?? It's almost painful how long it took me to try to teach this to myself with UWORLD . . . THANK YOU SO MUCH!
Glad it saved you some time and frustration...
I don't know how somebody can dislike this video. Phenomenal explanation. I leared this and passed step 1, and CK.
Now at the time of step 3, found your video and it became so easy.
I would really appreciate if you could make a video describing step 3 specific content.
Thanks for the kind words... Step3 only has biostats on day1. I'd say it roughly the same concepts but they have multiple drug ads which are hard to study for... if you know the basic concepts you will do well.
Hi Neil I am a big fan of your videos and they are nothing short of brilliant. Just for your info on the odds ration question when you right out the top numbers you wrote 60/20 when it was 60/200 even though you picked the right answer on the options. just wanted to mention that. Thank you anyway
What such a masterpiece is this !!
thank you so much .
You are most welcome.
Thankyou for your help sir. After watching these lectures i am confidently able to solve Uworld questions. Would want to know which lectures do you suggest for someone preparing for Usmle Step 2?
For BIOSTATS it never changes.
why staying hours in my class to struggle to understand what you make me understand in *30 minutes* ?
Man, GOD BLESS YOU!!!
this video should go around the world for saving millions of students lives!!! TKU!!!
Thank you for taking time to comment and give feedback.
Really useful video thank you, honestly lectures at university are so wack I learnt more stats in this vid with real examples than 3- hours of lectures
Thanks for the comment and feedback
Error at 26:20: R (correlation coeffficient) is measure of linearity not slope. Correct answer should be D (-0.20), not E (-1.0)
Can you please clarify the answer please, as to why it is -1.0. Thank you in advance.
I agree with this. The correlation coefficient should be how close the dots are to the line...not the slope of the line.
I agree, a -1.0 would be a perfectly straight line with the dots, which clearly his example didnt have that distribution
Yea, this is incorrect. Closeness (of r) to 1/-1 is how well the line fits, NOT slope. Additionally, the way you calculate ARR (in the next vid) is different than what first aid says.
i came to comment this
Mr Neil, first I’ll like to thank you for your time and dedication to create a very easy to understand video like this one. I’ll like to ask you what would make a difference among case control and retrospective cohort on minute 6:47, thanks again!
I had that same question too. I think it's a retrospective cohort study because the study is comparing a younger age group with an older age group (age is clearly a risk factor and the "disease" or outcome is higher or lower marks), so even though the table is arranged that way, I still think it isn't a control study because as per the question stem, you aren't STARTING with the outcome i.e. you aren't comparing a group who scored higher on the step 1, against a group who scored lower.
@@arnav25magic I think the same. I guess he just got it wrong due to the different table arrangement
Taking Step 1 tomorrow! This is the last video I will be watching! Thank you Dr Neil! The Pathoma of biostats!!
@Jacob Giles Sorry it took so long to reply. I did well! I'm just now starting residency
There is an error on 8:14....another easier way of solving writing odds ratio is A*D/B*C or (40*200)/(60*160)...or answer A.
i agree with u
these videos are lifesavers . anybody weak in biostatistics MUST do them . thank you so much. emailed him for the notes and he replied so quickly with them . thank you so much again
U are Amazing Doc. Cant thank u enough. GoD Bless u !!. Have got CK in few days, had given up on biostats. Found u then :)
Perfect timing.
This is all very high yield for the purposes of examinations.
Appreciate the feedback
Just took Step 1 last week and your videos covered EVERY SINGLE biostats question on my exam. Thanks very much.
Seriously I couldn't find any way to understand about the Ho and H1 and now I know it perfectly! Thank you very much for this videos, I will have my step 1 in may 12! im an IMG
Glad it was helpful. Keep studying HARD!! Home stretch.
this is an amazing video! I understand things a lot more because of your quick associations. It'd be great if you could post a pdf of the examples. Thanks a lot
Greetings from Canada, I failed my mcq exam I will try again and I'm sure your videos will help ,thanks
Maryam, KEEP MOVING FORWARD!!
Hands down the best review for biostat and epidemiology for USMLE. Short, sweet and to the point. Thank you so much for helping us all out. Learned way more in 30 minutes than hours of lectures at med school
Boy o boy! The proof of the pudding is in the eating.Thanks for efforts you have put to study this.
well i can say this is the best biostatistics video I've ever seen
its PERFECT
Good Job and i really appreciate ur efforts
Thank you very much Dr.Randy for your time .very nice and helpful videos. very clear concept. I also got my notes from you. you are really very good person. 5 stars for videos.
Math is so much easier to understand when someone walks through the problems with you. This vid has been shared throughout our class as the quick stats review. thank you very much.
Glad it was helpful...go crush the STEP
Just received the notes... will be interesting to see what I can accomplish with it.. I will return for a review. Thanks! Videos are great!
You are amazing......magically amazing
i'm going into this blind and did the questions before the explanations. I would've gotten these ALL wrong hahahah. You made it all make sense and I'm so grateful!! I'm actually excited for biostats to come up on my exam now which is insane
Perfect! It's all about getting better....
13:40 would A and B also be 100% sensitivity?
I have the same question!
Alas, I'm back for my third board exam. This video has been tried and true through med school, and I am depending on it now in residency as my biostats knowledge is absolutely nothing at this point.
It will work. :))
one of the best reviews of biostats for step 1; quick, efficient, and to the point. thank you!!
these videos are soooo goood and to the point. i even recommended them to some test takers.You are helping out many examinee God bless you.
best biostat USMLE video ever. everything is clear and easy. thank you very much. you just made my life easier.
Thanks randy
Raaaaaaaaaaaaaaaandy omg I'm so confused now cuz question of correlation at 26:41 minute you answered in another video -0.20 not -1 ???
why do you change the answer ??
It wrong in this video... My main point was to teach the slope, but the "dots" tightness to the line determine whether it's a 1 or close to 0. It's better explained in newer video.
This is the best stats vid I’ve seen on UA-cam for med school students
Thank You very very much Sir. Biostatistics was a scary subject to me. You made it so simple & easy.
PERFECT!!
2019 and still using the Lectures. Thanks a Lot Doctor Neil.
Oh my goodness. You explained it so well and precise. Thank you so much. Im a pharmacy student
Madhurima, Thank you for commenting. Glad it was helpful.
You made it sound so easy! Thank you!!
Perfect...good luck with test
I don't even know anything about biostats, but even I learned something from this video. Great work! Makes me want to change my major to stats
Nice... Thanks for commenting Phyllis
Sir you should be called Pathoma of Biostats haha , awesome job !
Thank you for making my life easy and my study plan feasible!!!!
You are most welcome.
Wow. You are really good with understanding maths. I doubt if you are a doctor..looks like you are some maths guy 🤘
Nah... just a Psychiatry guy who thought there had to be a better way... Glad it was helpful.
My exam is a month away and Im freaking out coz I get every stats question wrong. I hope this would be all that is tested!
You will be in the mix...
I am grateful to a random screenshot of a random post about biostat on fb where a guy recommended you. Cant thank you enough for making difficult concepts stick so easily. God bless you! And the way you have possibly responded to hundreds of people with your notes, I really appreciate it. :) I couldn't help but utter a prayer for you. Stay blessed.
super high yield. great idea to actually work us through the problems as u explain. 10/10 explanation. not to mention, easy personality to follow along :) 10/10 video. believe me if i could press LOVE on this video i would. thank u so so so so so much great doctor!!! :)
Appreciate the kind words
It's not even fair what I'm about to do to the bell curve on my COMLEX 3 tomorrow. I feel like I just experienced a personal Matrix kung-fu training montage. Thanks so much for this. I cannot believe how easy that box is to make at the beginning, and I brute-forced it all on the previous exams. All I had to do was draw the lines going each way and what they mean! Wild. Thanks so much for this and I hope this graces many med students (or interns) in the future. I will tell everyone I know this exists.
Confidence is half the battle. CRUSH IT!!!
😭😭😭😭😭😭😭 Thank you so much. I can’t believe this gold is FREE
Glad it was helpful.
These videos would never get old! WAY WAYYYY ahead of time!
Thank you so much :)
Step 1 in 2 months...
STAY FOCUSED! STAY CONFIDENT!! Keep me posted on how the exam goes...
Dr. Neil, you are a lifesaver - your amazing content made biostatistics easy to understand for both Step 1 and 2CK. I can't thank you enough
Glad videos are helpful. I would have also went with something outside of 0.05... I like your train of thought.
Wonderful videos for Step 1 Statistics review. Thank you, Dr. Neil!
You sir, are a lifesaver . These videos just made a topic i dislike (so much so that i always used to skip most Qs on Qbanks) super easy.
Glad it was helpful Simba
finished all the meat and potatoes for step 2 CK and left epi for last, here i am back here again to freshen up on epi before the exam! ur a life saver! btw u kinda talk like Jeff Bezos! haha
I'll take it as a compliment... CRUSH STEP 2...!!!
Nothing more irritating than UA-cam ads on a educational video. Very distracting.
Agreed.
Hello Dr. Neil, the question about older students and test scores, why can't it be cross sectional instead of case control