Are Black Holes the SOURCE of Dark Energy?
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- Опубліковано 27 тра 2024
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REFERENCES:
What is Dark Energy? • Is Dark ENERGY made of...
What is Black Hole? • Black Holes Are Even W...
Original Paper: iopscience.iop.org/article/10...
Mathematical basis showing potential Black Hole-Dark Energy connection: iopscience.iop.org/article/10...
Article: phys.org/news/2023-02-scienti...
Article: bigthink.com/starts-with-a-ba...
CHAPTERS:
0:00 New study claim
0:45 What is Dark Energy?
2:40 Magellan Documentary on Black holes
3:36 Short summary of Black Holes
5:13 How supermassive Black holes grow
7:07 How was Black Hole growth measured?
8:05 How was mass of black hole determined?
8:54 How is Black Hole growth connected to Dark Energy?
10:30 How this could solve the problem of singularity
11:20 Is this all nonsense?
12:29 My opinion
SUMMARY:
Are black holes the source of dark energy? A new study by Farrah et al, published in February of 2023 claimed to have found a solution to dark energy, showing a connection with supermassive black holes.
What is dark energy? It's the apparent energy of empty space that is powering the observed accelerating expansion of the universe. This energy makes up about 70% of the total energy of the universe.
Black holes form after a massive star runs out of fuel, sometimes resulting from a supernova. Once a star has no fuel left to burn, it can no longer support its mass and so it collapses. If the star is more than 3 solar masses, it is likely to form a black hole at the end of its life. Steller-class black hole can be as small as 3 solar masses but super massive black holes can be millions to billions of solar masses. These are thought be at the center of most galaxies that we observe.
The supermassive black holes are known to grow in size over time. There are two ways in which they can grow. Either by eating up stars, gases and other matter that comes close to it or by merging with other black holes. But if there is nothing nearby, then there is, nothing to eat. So they would be expected to stop growing at some point after they have consumed everything near it.
#darkenergy
#blackhole
They looked at dormant galaxies with supermassive blackholes inside. These are very old black holes that have accreted most of the mass nearby and are not active. They found that over a period of 9 billion years, the supermassive blackholes in galaxies seem to grow 7-20 times their own mass, something which we wouldn’t expect. So where are these black holes getting the mass or energy to grow? What are they eating?
The scientists propose that black holes have a connection to dark energy, and that they grow because of it, in fact dark energy may be contained inside black holes.
How did they measure these blackholes over billions of years? What they did is make a simple assumption, that such types of dormant galaxies should all behave similarly over their lifetime. So by examining similar galaxies across the universe at different stages of their lifetime, we should be able to see the pattern of how they all grow.
How did they figure out the mass of these supermassive black holes? The mass of a supermassive black hole and the mass of the bulge are related. There is also a link between the motion of the stars in a galaxy’s bulge and the mass of its supermassive black hole at the center.
They present a model where they assume some coupling “k” between black holes and dark energy. In very simple terms, if the growth of black holes has no correlation with dark energy, then k=0. If there is a perfect correlation, k=3. They showed that K=3.11 with 90% certainty. But they also showed with a 99.98% certainty say that k is not zero, meaning it is very unlikely that there is no correlation.
If this result is correct, it would mean that black holes could be full of dark energy. That’s where it resides, whatever it might actually be. This theory, if true, could resolve the problem of the singularity, because if it has enough dark energy then it could counteract the effect of infinitely dense mass that punches a hole in spacetime. - Наука та технологія
![[柴犬ASMR]曼玉Manyu&小白Bai 毛发护理Spa asmr](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/0TsXQ7z2Dh4/mqdefault.jpg)
The last part emphasizing the fact that correlation is not the same as causation is something that we must always be reminded of. It was great having it there :)
What's truly incredible is how good these videos are at explaining such complicated subjects in such an eloquent way
Isn't this the best physics channel?
The truth will always remain constant away from humans ... Becoz humans will screw up the nature if it's revealed .... Humans are driven by destructive ego as scientists, one without ego is philosopher/observe and submit and you will be soaked with truth o! Humans
Energy is dual to mass -- Einstein.
DARK ENERGY is dual to DARK MATTER.
Thesis is dual to anti-thesis creates the converging thesis or synthesis -- the time independent Hegelian dialectic.
When you understand Hegel you can create new laws of physics:-
Decreasing the number of dimensions or states is a syntropic process -- homology.
Increasing the number of dimensions or states is an entropic process -- co-homology.
Homology (convergence, syntropy) is dual to co-homology (divergence, entropy).
The 4th law of thermodynamics is hardwired into mathematics and mathematical thinking.
Domains are dual to co-domains -- Group theory (symmetries).
Symmetries are dual to conservation -- the duality of Noether's theorem.
Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy).
Making predictions to track targets, goals & objectives is a syntropic process -- teleological.
Syntropy (prediction, convergence) is dual to increasing entropy (divergence) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics!
"Through imagination and reason we turn experience into foresight (prediction)" -- Spinoza describing syntropy.
All observers make predictions and therefore they are using syntropy!
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Duality (thesis, anti-thesis) creates or synthesizes reality (non duality).
The big bang is a Janus point/hole (two faces = duality) -- Julian Barbour, physicist.
Topological holes cannot be shrunk down to zero -- non null homotopic (duality).
Points are dual to lines -- the principle of duality in geometry.
Arvin's, like, “Our universe started in a very hot and dense state called the Big Bang about 13.8 billion years ago. This event...”
And I'm, like, totally unconsciously expecting “...has made a lot of people very angry and been widely regarded as a bad move.”
Existence is a Bitch isn't it?
I get that reference. I know where my towel is.
@@jeffmccloud905 You're a hoopy frood!
Me: Eh I think perhaps Sabine Hossenfelder is maybe onto something with talent chasing the mirages of multiverses which even if true help nobody, and particle physicists chasing ever smaller particles seems a bit off somehow. Where's it going to stop?
Phone: - Big Think link about Quantum Foam!
Now I don't if I'm correct, Sabine is, everybody is, none or all at once!
Superposition to be in!
hehe
@@ArvinAsh am i crazy or did jwst find some evidence recently to suggest universe is older than 13.8? like just a lil bit so maybe i’m really just arguing semantics here but just a question
Thank you Arvin for your always superbly articulated and extraordinarily written narration. I can’t look away.
Everything in science is extraordinary.
It's impossible for us to even exist
And yet, here we are! Enjoy it while it lasts my friend.
@@ArvinAsh put me out of my misery & kindly reply with the source of your intro's background music
Science is working with what it knows to be factual.... For me it's a religion! Scientist's are also working towards finding the Maker... I pray all find the answers we seek...
@@ArvinAsh keep up the good work Sir...
What I can't understand is how an energy which is confined at the heart of black holes, which in turn are in the heart of galaxies, could cause the expansion of the universe, which is caused by the intergalactic space expansion and not by the galaxies themselves. But maybe I'm missing something
Your point is valid. The mechanism that would allow this causation connection is not theorized, as far as I know.
Dr Becky mentions a possible reason. She, like Arvin, is doubtful but look forward to more research.
Uneducated speculation: The black hole's gravity reaches through the singularity to some other point in spacetime.
@@ArvinAsh If I were place two foam balls in a tub of water and set them bobbing up and down the resulting waves cause the them repel each other. Do gravitational waves in space also have the same effect?
Gravity isn't a force but spacetime curvature, so spacetime expansion should be caused by a negative spacetime curvature, what mechanism could drive this is pretty simple, imagine a rubber sheet stretched above the water over a swimming pool, when you walk over it it bend down near your feet and bulking up in the rest, what causes the general expansion is push down, you only need to assume that our universe is attached to another universe that is filled with something like a liquid, and the force leaves our universe only to be applied over the entire surface of the universe from a superior dimension.
Thanks Arvinius Maximus
Insert choir music here
@@romense777 aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaah
lol. New channel name?
Arvin, I think your channel deserves 1 million+ sub's by how simply you explain hard topics but at the same time, how informative each episode is. It's for school children and adults alike. I know you will reach a million soon. Keep up the good work.
It will happen in the fourth dimension 😎
@@Shamanicus Is that the 4th spatial dimension, or time? 🤣
@@alfadog67 Hahaha let's say time 😆
@@Shamanicus ha ha i hope not one of those highly curled up we can never see it hyper dimensions !
Energy is dual to mass -- Einstein.
DARK ENERGY is dual to DARK MATTER.
Thesis is dual to anti-thesis creates the converging thesis or synthesis -- the time independent Hegelian dialectic.
When you understand Hegel you can create new laws of physics:-
Decreasing the number of dimensions or states is a syntropic process -- homology.
Increasing the number of dimensions or states is an entropic process -- co-homology.
Homology (convergence, syntropy) is dual to co-homology (divergence, entropy).
The 4th law of thermodynamics is hardwired into mathematics and mathematical thinking.
Domains are dual to co-domains -- Group theory (symmetries).
Symmetries are dual to conservation -- the duality of Noether's theorem.
Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy).
Making predictions to track targets, goals & objectives is a syntropic process -- teleological.
Syntropy (prediction, convergence) is dual to increasing entropy (divergence) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics!
"Through imagination and reason we turn experience into foresight (prediction)" -- Spinoza describing syntropy.
All observers make predictions and therefore they are using syntropy!
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Duality (thesis, anti-thesis) creates or synthesizes reality (non duality).
The big bang is a Janus point/hole (two faces = duality) -- Julian Barbour, physicist.
Topological holes cannot be shrunk down to zero -- non null homotopic (duality).
Points are dual to lines -- the principle of duality in geometry.
the coupling mechanism could be that black holes consume not just matter but the empty space that matter is embedded in. if empty space expands and increases in dark energy over time, then the consumed empty space inside a black hole expands/increases as well, leading to the black hole getting more massive at the same rate as the expansion of space outside it.
For this idea to work the mass of the black hole must be almost entirely made up energy from empty space and nearly 0% from matter. Otherwise you wouldn’t be getting growth of 7x-20x the size of the black hole.
Whatever the blackhole swollow is converted to speed of the blackhole through the universe.
Energy is dual to mass -- Einstein.
DARK ENERGY is dual to DARK MATTER.
Thesis is dual to anti-thesis creates the converging thesis or synthesis -- the time independent Hegelian dialectic.
When you understand Hegel you can create new laws of physics:-
Decreasing the number of dimensions or states is a syntropic process -- homology.
Increasing the number of dimensions or states is an entropic process -- co-homology.
Homology (convergence, syntropy) is dual to co-homology (divergence, entropy).
The 4th law of thermodynamics is hardwired into mathematics and mathematical thinking.
Domains are dual to co-domains -- Group theory (symmetries).
Symmetries are dual to conservation -- the duality of Noether's theorem.
Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy).
Making predictions to track targets, goals & objectives is a syntropic process -- teleological.
Syntropy (prediction, convergence) is dual to increasing entropy (divergence) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics!
"Through imagination and reason we turn experience into foresight (prediction)" -- Spinoza describing syntropy.
All observers make predictions and therefore they are using syntropy!
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Duality (thesis, anti-thesis) creates or synthesizes reality (non duality).
The big bang is a Janus point/hole (two faces = duality) -- Julian Barbour, physicist.
Topological holes cannot be shrunk down to zero -- non null homotopic (duality).
Points are dual to lines -- the principle of duality in geometry.
Man I love your work!! Super fascinating!
What an outstanding video!
As usual Arvin Ash comes through with the most understandable and polished explanation of an intriguing topic.
What I find interesting in addition to the topic itself is how different youtube videos approach this subject and deal with the “extraordinary claims” with regard to their skepticism. Of the four videos that address this topic, Arvin lays the best and most understandable ground work so is the best to watch first.
Then Dr. Becky goes deeper into the confounding aspects of the “Devil is in the Details” of these measurements. Since black holes are in her wheelhouse, she has a significant amount of insight that can be directly applied to this. She gives a more detailed list of measurement issues that you have to unbox mostly on your own but the skepticism is handled gracefully and with thought.
Then Fraser Cain has an excellent interview with one of the main authors of the TWO papers.
Title:
Breakthrough In Dark Energy?
After watching the Arvin Ash & Dr. Becky videos one should be sufficiently informed to apply some critical thinking to what is said in the interview. One does get the sense that the investigator realizes the scope of their extraordinary claims and seems to not press the point. Also there is a number of claims between the two papers that present an escalating tendency towards speculation.
The 4th video dismisses any and all claims with a curt and whiny unsatisfying hand waving non-explanation. But she is a relatively popular UA-camr so you will probably bump into it.
@@quark-soup Oh really, I think you are throwing shade on the wrong people. You forget what type of “stage” this channel provides. Arvin was completely consistent with Dr. Becky’s message who I suspect knows a lot more about the subject than you. If you actually read what I said, no where did I promote the correctness of these conjectures other than to say it was fascinating. Fascinating does not imply support! In my case the fascination comes from the first paper as there is a particular aspect that resonates with me irrespective of skepticism. You seem so emotional about this which seems a bit off, as at this level it is all about the “fun” of being exposed to a “popular topic” at a level commensurate with the understanding of the people that are curious about it. Then again, maybe you are the 4th UA-camr that i was obliquely referring to.
Is the 4th Sabine?
@@jessicaheger1880 Sabine is a very intelligent person who has a tendency to wander out of her lane at times. Also it does not help her optics to mention that Steven Weinberg prematurely left an interview with her (which isn’t the end of the world) but then makes a song / video about it that is a bit too bizarre for my taste. Other than that she is quite good with her more in-depth videos in her area of expertise.
@@Mentaculus42, The universe doesn't make a lot of space matter/energy called Dark Energy. The observable universe is receiving a lot of space from outside while it is expanding somewhat uniformly. And it shows that this universe is only a small universe like a galaxy. Some Black Holes are eating virtual particles in space, increasing their mass. But western scientists would not like to accept it because sometimes they don't like to reject creationism. And that is why they try to make a lot of wrong interpretations. Just be careful about their interpretations. Sometimes, they don't care about science.
Energy is dual to mass -- Einstein.
DARK ENERGY is dual to DARK MATTER.
Thesis is dual to anti-thesis creates the converging thesis or synthesis -- the time independent Hegelian dialectic.
When you understand Hegel you can create new laws of physics:-
Decreasing the number of dimensions or states is a syntropic process -- homology.
Increasing the number of dimensions or states is an entropic process -- co-homology.
Homology (convergence, syntropy) is dual to co-homology (divergence, entropy).
The 4th law of thermodynamics is hardwired into mathematics and mathematical thinking.
Domains are dual to co-domains -- Group theory (symmetries).
Symmetries are dual to conservation -- the duality of Noether's theorem.
Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy).
Making predictions to track targets, goals & objectives is a syntropic process -- teleological.
Syntropy (prediction, convergence) is dual to increasing entropy (divergence) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics!
"Through imagination and reason we turn experience into foresight (prediction)" -- Spinoza describing syntropy.
All observers make predictions and therefore they are using syntropy!
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Duality (thesis, anti-thesis) creates or synthesizes reality (non duality).
The big bang is a Janus point/hole (two faces = duality) -- Julian Barbour, physicist.
Topological holes cannot be shrunk down to zero -- non null homotopic (duality).
Points are dual to lines -- the principle of duality in geometry.
Arvin, this actually makes geometric sense to me; if the universe has some sort of convexity to it and the singularity at the center of black holes "punches a hole" through spacetime, then perhaps this inevitably leads to a physical connection between all supermassive blackholes at the common "spacetime center". Perhaps these gravitational wells develop some sort of repulsive "anti-gravity" polarity as a result of this connection (similar to shoving two same poles of a magnet together). What's cool about this is the thought that this repulsive force may leak out into areas of the universe with the least mass resulting in the web-like dispersion pattern of dark energy?
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قبل ثانية واحدة
In our philosophical view (i.e. the philosophy of cosmology), it seems that the unification of the forces of nature collides with two barriers: the barrier of space-time at the level of relativity theory, and the barrier of natural forces affecting quantum mechanics, because they are mainly related to information in the amount of energy and their interactions inside the black hole. Therefore, these barriers pose a deep problem that has not yet been resolved, despite Scientists attempts to find a theory that unifies the forces of nature, but from my point of view, I see that the unification of forces on the general cosmic level does not agree with the laws of nature, because they are fundamentally not unified in what is called the cosmic singularity, because it is the nature of the universe to follow the laws of duality, meaning that we will reach the state of cosmic superposition between forces and not Monotheism وَمِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقْنَا زَوْجَيْنِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَذَكَّرُونَ 49And of every thing We have created pairs: That ye may receive instruction
Your Explanation is awesome 👍
I like the idea and you have presented it so well, love it!
I heard an analogy from Argentinian physicist and NYCU profesor Gastón Giribet that goes something like this. Every year, I go meet with my former classmates from highschool and I can observe that their individual masses grow year to year. I can find a correlation between the grow of their bodies and the expansion of the universe therefore, dark energy is the class of 2002 of my school.
😂 lmao facts. Of course there is a coupling between the expansion rate of the universe and the growth rate of black holes, black holes are a part of the universe.
@@anywallsocket They have grown much larger than what physicists have calculated they should have with the available matter to consume. Also it’s not so logical for them to grow with the size of the universe. Nothing else does that, not planets, not suns, not moons. Blackholes do.
@@NikHem343 ya but those things aren't made of spacetime like BHs are, which is how the expansion is defined.
@@anywallsocket made of spacetime?
Yea but does the growth rate match the expansion rate??? Because in the researchers first paper published, they observed that the rates are the same. Could be a coincidence or then again maybe not.
Superb Video!!!!! Quality is just TOP NOTCH...👌👌👌KEEP IT UP🥳
Thanks for this. It was extremely helpful, timely, and important. ❤
Sometimes, It really fascinates me the thought of us living inside a enormous supermassive black hole. Is there a connection between this and the expansion of the universe or the fact that we will never see anything beyond the observable universe because its moving away from us faster than the speed of light. I guess we'll never get to know the answer of this gigantic mystery.
Can't agree more. except maybe not "inside" it.
I like that theory a lot. The aftermath of matter from a star collapsing in on itself would involve extreme pressure and also extreme heat, which would push that matter the extreme limits of what matter could be, and that could look like a dense cloud of plasma. Also, a BH is considered a singularity because the maths show it would have infinite mass at that point, but it might also mean that the curvature of space has gone full circle, because it can't curve more than that. That something inside of it wouldn't know anything from outside of it is any different in relation to light, gravity, and time, but of course they wouldn't be able to see outside of it in the first place.
@@brianc8916 I like your description of a star collapse: "The aftermath ... cloud of plasma". but a black hole is not a singularity, because In quantum gravity, Pauli's exclusion principle does not allow matter to reach the center. In other words, Black holes are full, not empty. nothing can cross the event horizon, but things can live ON the surface.
That means our universe is ON the 3D surface of a 4D black hole, and big-bang was just the birth of that 4D black hole in a 4D universe.
This idea has been proposed by several people. However the same idea occurred to ne as well and continues to fascinate me. Main reason is we say we don't know what's inside blackholes. but then if we are inside a black hole then we know what is inside blackholes ! So both cant be true ! So this mystery cannot be allowed to remain an mystery.
@@L2p2 There is no reason to assume there's anything, even space, inside a black hole. Hawking assumed black holes are 2D surfaces and his formulation worked wonders. We should just assume everything is on the surface. Parsimony.
Really cool video. The way you explained it made it seem very logical, I hope more research is done based on the hypothesis that there is a connection between dark energy and black holes.
Energy is dual to mass -- Einstein.
DARK ENERGY is dual to DARK MATTER.
Thesis is dual to anti-thesis creates the converging thesis or synthesis -- the time independent Hegelian dialectic.
When you understand Hegel you can create new laws of physics:-
Decreasing the number of dimensions or states is a syntropic process -- homology.
Increasing the number of dimensions or states is an entropic process -- co-homology.
Homology (convergence, syntropy) is dual to co-homology (divergence, entropy).
The 4th law of thermodynamics is hardwired into mathematics and mathematical thinking.
Domains are dual to co-domains -- Group theory (symmetries).
Symmetries are dual to conservation -- the duality of Noether's theorem.
Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy).
Making predictions to track targets, goals & objectives is a syntropic process -- teleological.
Syntropy (prediction, convergence) is dual to increasing entropy (divergence) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics!
"Through imagination and reason we turn experience into foresight (prediction)" -- Spinoza describing syntropy.
All observers make predictions and therefore they are using syntropy!
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Duality (thesis, anti-thesis) creates or synthesizes reality (non duality).
The big bang is a Janus point/hole (two faces = duality) -- Julian Barbour, physicist.
Topological holes cannot be shrunk down to zero -- non null homotopic (duality).
Points are dual to lines -- the principle of duality in geometry.
Fascinating stuff👍
Every Arvin Ash video is a learning video
Interesting and worthwhile video. Many thanks for the links to the relevant papers.
As usual, the very best explanation. Clear, complete, comprehensible, as far as the subject allows. Thank you so much! .
Energy is dual to mass -- Einstein.
DARK ENERGY is dual to DARK MATTER.
Thesis is dual to anti-thesis creates the converging thesis or synthesis -- the time independent Hegelian dialectic.
When you understand Hegel you can create new laws of physics:-
Decreasing the number of dimensions or states is a syntropic process -- homology.
Increasing the number of dimensions or states is an entropic process -- co-homology.
Homology (convergence, syntropy) is dual to co-homology (divergence, entropy).
The 4th law of thermodynamics is hardwired into mathematics and mathematical thinking.
Domains are dual to co-domains -- Group theory (symmetries).
Symmetries are dual to conservation -- the duality of Noether's theorem.
Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy).
Making predictions to track targets, goals & objectives is a syntropic process -- teleological.
Syntropy (prediction, convergence) is dual to increasing entropy (divergence) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics!
"Through imagination and reason we turn experience into foresight (prediction)" -- Spinoza describing syntropy.
All observers make predictions and therefore they are using syntropy!
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Duality (thesis, anti-thesis) creates or synthesizes reality (non duality).
The big bang is a Janus point/hole (two faces = duality) -- Julian Barbour, physicist.
Topological holes cannot be shrunk down to zero -- non null homotopic (duality).
Points are dual to lines -- the principle of duality in geometry.
I'm so excited by this study. I have a completely unrelated theory that I've been working on that happens to make the same prediction (correlation of additional mass of black holes with dark energy). The fact that two wildly different theories made the same prediction, means there's likely several solutions that will be popping up over the next few years. So we'll definitely need to figure out a new method to test this correlation.
Do you plan on publishing it?
We want to learn about it.
The fact that it solves the problem of infinities peaks my interest.
Right it is exciting it seems like this idea of the connection between black holes and dark energy has popped in in some people brains all over the world. I was working on the same topic before the paper was released and when it came out I was shocked to see(as I thought the first time I saw it) a paper with that number of reasershers working on it, covering the same problem i'm working on , but it turned out it is different than my actual work lol.
@junaidnazir78 I've been wanting to publish a paper for it first, but for sake of getting it out there I may do a video instead first. I have no experience doing UA-cam videos though so it would be a one off (with perhaps some follow-up videos related to it). I'm certainly not trying to become a youtuber though.
Interesting. I hope you publish it.
Don’t we all, but it is generally best to keep your ideas to yourself unless you are ok with being labeled a CRACKPOT by the PROFESSIONALS! These people are part of the professional insider community and are receiving serious pushback. Take your cues from Eric Weinstein and his ideas, first crickets then ridicule. If you don’t have the math then it is a hobby. If it is a hobby, enjoy that you have unique insight but understand where you are coming from.
Do your thoughts have an explanation and math to explain these explicit mechanisms that describe this behavior? And while your at it, you probably have to have a theory of everything wrapped around this since you are talking about something that is connected to quantum gravity.
I love fresh, non-orthodox ideas that have potential, it gives one something to ponder about, as a hobby, it keeps the brain cells active.
Love your videos, keep it coming
Love your content!
Good job pointing out the assumptions they made here. This conjecture doesn't just take one assumption, it takes a series of assumptions that all rely on each other.
(I'm not convinced black holes at the center of elliptical galaxies take the journey they claim. There are other possibilities to explain their mass and evolution. But IF they did, this is a really interesting assertion.)
Well done to spotlight the assumption and the conclusion as a pairing. It really helps show the functional relationship between ideas. This should be done in science videos routinely, but is too often not.
You're doing a fine service as a science educator. (Now if only you could visit certain Congress people, like the Ghost of Science Past).
The universe is written in the programming language we call math. Dark energy is the remainders from the Algos that run it. I just made a few videos about this.
Great video as always
My theoretical paper, published today (4/18/2023) in Journal of Modern Physics, entitled "How Dark Energy Might Be Produced By Black Holes" attempts to tackle the possible mechanism in a way similar to the Hawking radiation approach, only with the energy sign of the absorbed particle reversed ("positive" rather than "negative"). Accordingly, this would allow ASTROPHYSICAL black holes to GROW in mass-energy while radiating negative energy into the outer vacuum. I refer to this novel mechanism as "black hole dark energy radiation." Naturally, more observational data is necessary to sort these things out, but my approach, based also partly upon Dirac's mathematical formalism and FSC, has a nice symmetry to it. Important advances in physical theories often do.
Thank you for explaining it the way I can understand.
What I love about this cat :)
This is the single best explanation of the new published study and why it is missing many key components. And I watched Sabina Hossinfielder's take on it too. Keep up the great work keeping science sensationalization honest and explaining things in a way that most people can understand. Looking forward to your next video my friend.
Give Dr. Becky's video on it a look too! Pretty sure black hole growth is her field of study too.
Yep, Becky is a friend of mine, and it's her field, and her video is worth watching.
Energy is dual to mass -- Einstein.
DARK ENERGY is dual to DARK MATTER.
Thesis is dual to anti-thesis creates the converging thesis or synthesis -- the time independent Hegelian dialectic.
When you understand Hegel you can create new laws of physics:-
Decreasing the number of dimensions or states is a syntropic process -- homology.
Increasing the number of dimensions or states is an entropic process -- co-homology.
Homology (convergence, syntropy) is dual to co-homology (divergence, entropy).
The 4th law of thermodynamics is hardwired into mathematics and mathematical thinking.
Domains are dual to co-domains -- Group theory (symmetries).
Symmetries are dual to conservation -- the duality of Noether's theorem.
Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy).
Making predictions to track targets, goals & objectives is a syntropic process -- teleological.
Syntropy (prediction, convergence) is dual to increasing entropy (divergence) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics!
"Through imagination and reason we turn experience into foresight (prediction)" -- Spinoza describing syntropy.
All observers make predictions and therefore they are using syntropy!
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Duality (thesis, anti-thesis) creates or synthesizes reality (non duality).
The big bang is a Janus point/hole (two faces = duality) -- Julian Barbour, physicist.
Topological holes cannot be shrunk down to zero -- non null homotopic (duality).
Points are dual to lines -- the principle of duality in geometry.
@@hyperduality2838 no
@@captainzappbrannagan Dark energy is repulsive gravity, negative curvature or hyperbolic space (inflation).
Gaussian negative curvature is defined using two dual points -- non null homotopic (duality):-
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian_curvature
The big bang is an infinite negative curvature singularity -- repulsive, divergent like a pringle!
Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature -- Gauss, Riemann geometry.
Curvature or gravitation is dual, gravitational energy is dual.
Potential energy is dual to kinetic energy.
Apples fall to the ground because they are conserving duality.
Gravitation is equivalent or dual (isomorphic) to acceleration -- Einstein's happiest thought, the principle of equivalence (duality).
Energy is duality, duality is energy -- the conservation of duality (energy) will be known as the 5th law of thermodynamics, Generalized Duality.
Very well explained! Thank you so much for sharing !
Love it, hooray Arvin!!
I'm very skeptical. To me it seems more plausible that black holes are somehow better than expected at eating or accreting dark matter. Most dark energy, on the other hand, is located far from black holes, so it's hard to imagine how black holes could significantly affect or be significantly affected by dark energy.
@@quark-soup don't bash the cosmologists, they are literally the most qualified to speculate and give the most educated guesses. And no scientist worth their salt is drawing any conclusions from this OTHER than the fact that there is a correlation between black hole mass and expansion. More evidence is needed to say anything else, unless you're a pseudoscientist.
@@ajs1998 It is the American Ignorant Way to bash anyone Educated in Anything. Why you think Trump got elected? Isaac Asimov wrote about it in 1940.
“There is a cult of ignorance in the United States, and there has always been. The strain of anti-intellectualism has been a constant thread winding its way through our political and cultural life, nurtured by the false notion that democracy means that 'my ignorance is just as good as your knowledge.”
It is Literally a Political Propaganda tool used to discredit Scientists who push things that are good for society so Businessmen can Profit. Why you think we let Corporations literally poison us with Lead? That was literally one of the Theories of the Downfall of the Roman Empire and we ALMOST COPIED IT. Never listen to these people. Never take them seriously. Their ignorance is never equal to your Education.
This whole Train Derailing Situation in Ohio. Exactly what I am talking about. Thousands of Americans spew their nonsense about not trusting Experts, Scientists, blah blah blah. Then the obvious happens when we don't let the Best People maintain our Society.
@@quark-soup I like the idea of there being a connection between dark matter and dark energy and the concept of anti gravity is icing. I am not going to explain why but I will shear something. Ordinary matter is said to be 5% and Dark matter about 20% and dark energy 70% I'm no math genius but by my calculation that means 19/20ths is Dark and a correlation of balance seams to me to be linking parts. "Nineteen Boundaries of Creation" has to do with inner vibration within the structure of things made of ordinary matter. The Periodic is linked to Boundaries of Creation. ua-cam.com/video/pu3OppWN8B8/v-deo.html So if Ordinary matter is 5/20ths it suggests to me there maybe a cemetery between Ordinary matter dark matter and dark energy the math adds up. The real puzzle for me is the question is does dark matter dark energy and anti gravity and ordinary gravity operate as a lets say system of dark Qubits if so Wow!
ua-cam.com/video/bAedYtUredI/v-deo.html
You described a photon that traveled through space for 13,787,000,000 years as having an existence experiential span of time equaling zero. That suggests to me that the photon moving from one electron to another electron is really a quantum quanta of excited dark energy in motion at a set speed. If we are going do some strange thinking and say 13,787,000,000 earth years can equal zero time an instant. Then lets define the fine constant number 1/137 as a one unit action traveling on a three dimensional lattice with set seven part multidimensional quantum electromagnetic operation.
Image a three dimensional lattice a Cartesian plane with an X plane a Y plane and a Z plane. Think of this Lattice as filling the inner space of a membrane the space within the membrane being the Universe. Now think of the One in number 137 as being the Unity of that space and think of the three in 137 as being three planes X,Y, and Z and the seven as being Now time movement the fluctuating quantum fluctuations of Quantum switching as if dark energy was a volume of Qubits.
Now we have a lattice grid work we will think of the number 65 half of 125 the 125 being linked to the dark energy number 122 zeros and a 138 ohe hundred and twenty two plus three equals one hundred and twenty five. Because we are working with a photon moving through the Ether or space or through a dark energy lattice one photon will thought of as the one over the 138 meaning 1/138 Now we almost have or context.
The 65 will be broken up into seven parts one part will have a number value of five units and will be placed where the zero is placed between the X, Y, and Z on a Cartesian plane. the remaining number value of sisty will be divided into six unit values of ten and divide and spaced equally distanced on the three planes X, Y, and Z on the Cartesian plane. Think of this lattice as being seven Qubits making up one directional movement of a photon It has seven Qubits One Qubit is Spin up signifying it is a photon and six qubits spin up and down simultaneously on A number value of five is given for up and for down. The Qubit that unifies the three line directional forces paths the X, Y, and Z planes has only a half valus of five signifying an excitation in the field a Supper field of dark energy.
Time is relevant to there being seven parts seven Qubits of dark energy active in a lattice field of 125 Qubit parts. Now we have the half Qubit our photon in this model at the centre of a three dimensional lattice that has thirteen active parts each part could be described as thirteen points on a Cartesian plane. ON the X plane { -2 -1 The sheared Zero and 1 2 }. On the Y plane { -2 -1 The sheared Zero and 1 2 }. On the Z plane { -2 -1 The sheared Zero and 1 2 }.
You are probably behaving like a retard making all kinds of protests But remember we are Talking about a strange solution as to why time for a photon that has traveled through space for 13,787,000,000 earth years has a time experiences time span of zero.
It is said that normal matter only make up 5% of the Universe. If this is so my idea maybe plausible.
The Dark energy number.
{.00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000138}
Rule one: A number viewed from the hundred's Column must be counted three times as if it has the same count in the ten's Column and the units Column. A number viewed in the tens Column must be counted two times as if it has the same count in the tens Column as if in the units Column. And the units are counted once.
Rule two: Any number/ numbers on the other side of the decimal point is are treated differently. They are simply added to create a sum tally number.
Apply rule one and rule two:
-273.15 Absolute Zero.
-274.15 One degree below.
-275.15 Two degrees below.
-276.15 Three degree below.
2 = 6 Zero's, 7 = 14 Zeros, 3 = 3 Zero's, (decimal point) 1 + 5 = 6. -273.15 (6 + 14 + 3 + 6 = 29) Twenty nine zeros.
2 = 6 Zero's, 7 = 14 Zeros, 4 = 4 Zero's, (decimal point) 1 + 5 = 6. -273.15 (6 + 14 + 4 + 6 = 30) Thirty zeros.
2 = 6 Zero's, 7 = 14 Zeros, 5 = 5 Zero's, (decimal point) 1 + 5 = 6. -273.15 (6 + 14 + 5 + 6 = 31) Thirty one zeros.
2 = 6 Zero's, 7 = 14 Zeros, 6 = 6 Zero's, (decimal point) 1 + 5 = 6. -273.15 (6 + 14 + 6 + 6 = 32) Thirty two zeros.
29 + 30 + 31 + 32 = 122
Fifty-four elemental parts are said to make up the standard model of particle physics. Yes, there is a 54 within the number pattern on the left-hand side of the decimal point. 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 = 54.
Rule two: Any number/ numbers on the other side of the decimal point is are treated differently. They are simply added to create a sum tally number.
1 + 5 = 6
1 + 5 = 6
1 + 5 = 6
1 + 5 = 6
6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 24
How many quantum fields are there? The answer is 24.
The quarks and leptons are fermions, which is why they have antimatter counterparts, and the W boson comes in two equal-and-opposite varieties (positively and negatively charged), but all told, there are 24 unique, fundamental excitations of quantum fields possible.
1 +1 +1 1+1 +1 decimal point 1 + 5
1 +1 +1 1+1 +1 decimal point 1 + 5
1 +1 +1 1+1 +1 decimal point 1 + 5
1 +1 +1 1+1 +1 decimal point 1 + 5
............. 24 ................................ 24
The component on the right hand side of the the decimal point 1 + 5 = 6 it reminds me of M theory five maths unified by one math making six maths.
If M theory relies on eleven dimensions each Qubit could be viewed as being linked to eleven parts One for the Qubit as a hole and that could be thought of as the zero and the number value of five for the top spin and the five for the bottom spin the number value of five tataling eleven. Each Qubit would be linked to eleven dimensions and may work in unison with M-theory. The poton may travel Qubit to Qubit via the eleven dimensions utilising Dark Matter as the lattice. It is a simple idea a starting point for a model to help understand the quantum physics underpoining light and the photon.
he Enneagram, In Gurdjieff's cosmology the Universe is represented by the symbol of the enneagram. The enneagram is composed by three symbols.
First, there is a circle in which EVERYTHING is contained; it represents Oneness, Unity, God, The Absolute.
Second, within the circle there is a triangle; it represents the three independent forces present in every hole phenomenon.
According to Gurdjieff, the Law of Three is one of two fundamental laws of the Universe. -Page 2 Gurdjieff: COSMIC SECRETS Russell A Smith
The third symbol in the enneagram represents the first fundamental law of the Universe. Gurdjieff referred to it as the Law of Severn, the Law of Vibrations, the Law of Octaves, or the Law of Heptaparaparshinokh. -Page 3 Gurdjieff: COSMIC SECRETS Russell A Smith
The X, Y and Z Planes' I think of as being the working component of Gurdjieff's Law of Three the Sacred-Triamazikamno. You maybe thinking how can the three planes be three separate forces? And I think the seven Quantum bits Qubits Two on the x plane two on the y plane and two on the z plane and one at the unification point being zero as being the working component of Gurdjieff's Law of severn, the Law of Heptaparaparshinokh.
Nope.
1. Dark matter is also spread out and far from centers like black holes.
2. If so much dark matter could be eaten by black holes, then it would lose its purpose in correcting gravitational anomalies.
3. The same is not true for dark energy. Spread out or concentrated, it leads to the same cosmological constant.
@@armandaneshjoo : There are problems with the three claims in your reply.
First, your claim that dark matter is "far" from black holes. Dark matter is much nearer to black holes than dark energy is. Most dark energy is believed to be in the interstellar space between galaxies (because most of space is between galaxies, not within galaxies), whereas most dark matter is believed to be in or near galaxies.
Second, your claim that "dark matter would not serve its purpose if more than expected has been eaten" (or accreted). If black holes have eaten or accreted a lot more dark matter than expected, then there used to be much more dark matter than we deduce (based on observations) exists now. Relatively more of the dark matter not yet eaten or accreted would be in the outer regions of galaxies, and relatively less in the central region of galaxies near the supermassive black holes in the centers of most galaxies. So, the dark matter that remains would still presumably have the graviational effect on the galactic orbits of visible stars that led to the dark matter hypothesis... what you call the "purpose" of dark matter.
Third, it DOES matter whether the dark energy is spread out or concentrated. If dark energy is concentrated in the centers of galaxies, then galaxies ought to fly apart. But that's certainly not what's observed. Instead, it appears to be the space between galaxies that has undergone most of the expansion.
So out of curiosity, why couldn't Hawkin Radiation and dark energy just be the same thing?
Could be something where dark energy or dark matter under certain conditions has a property of becoming hawking radiation.
Perhaps dark energy is anti Hawking Radiation which are both produced by black holes
Well, the two are unlikely to be related. Hawking radiation is so small that we can't even detect it. This is because the cosmic microwave background radiation completely overwhelms it.
Whatever the blackhole swollow is converted to the speed of the blackhole through the universe.
Great presentation definitely food for thought.Once again thank you for the new information.
Fantastic video!
Very exiting news, regardless of whether or not the relation turns out to be a causal one. Looking forward to finding out if that relation is actually a thing too, not some interesting coincidence, and what becomes of the theory. Hopefully that happens within our lifetime!
Energy is dual to mass -- Einstein.
DARK ENERGY is dual to DARK MATTER.
Thesis is dual to anti-thesis creates the converging thesis or synthesis -- the time independent Hegelian dialectic.
When you understand Hegel you can create new laws of physics:-
Decreasing the number of dimensions or states is a syntropic process -- homology.
Increasing the number of dimensions or states is an entropic process -- co-homology.
Homology (convergence, syntropy) is dual to co-homology (divergence, entropy).
The 4th law of thermodynamics is hardwired into mathematics and mathematical thinking.
Domains are dual to co-domains -- Group theory (symmetries).
Symmetries are dual to conservation -- the duality of Noether's theorem.
Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy).
Making predictions to track targets, goals & objectives is a syntropic process -- teleological.
Syntropy (prediction, convergence) is dual to increasing entropy (divergence) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics!
"Through imagination and reason we turn experience into foresight (prediction)" -- Spinoza describing syntropy.
All observers make predictions and therefore they are using syntropy!
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Duality (thesis, anti-thesis) creates or synthesizes reality (non duality).
The big bang is a Janus point/hole (two faces = duality) -- Julian Barbour, physicist.
Topological holes cannot be shrunk down to zero -- non null homotopic (duality).
Points are dual to lines -- the principle of duality in geometry.
@@hyperduality2838 I fail to see the relevance of this reply to my comment, but thanks for helping Arvin with engagement/algorithm stuff i guess :P
@@bleedleaf He/she/it seems to be spamming that comment on a whole bunch of comment responses so I'm not sure if they are a real person or a bot
@@bleedleaf Dark energy is repulsive gravity, negative curvature or hyperbolic space (inflation).
Gaussian negative curvature is defined using two dual points -- non null homotopic (duality):-
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian_curvature
The big bang is an infinite negative curvature singularity -- repulsive, divergent like a pringle!
Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature -- Gauss, Riemann geometry.
Curvature or gravitation is dual, gravitational energy is dual.
Potential energy is dual to kinetic energy.
Apples fall to the ground because they are conserving duality.
Gravitation is equivalent or dual (isomorphic) to acceleration -- Einstein's happiest thought, the principle of equivalence (duality).
Energy is duality, duality is energy -- the conservation of duality (energy) will be known as the 5th law of thermodynamics, Generalized Duality.
We are already living inside a black hole according to this CERN physicist:-
ua-cam.com/video/A8bBhkhZtd8/v-deo.html
Inside is dual to outside.
Everything in physics is made from energy (duality) likewise for mathematics!
Electro is dual to magnetic -- Electro-magnetic energy is dual .
Duality (thesis, anti-thesis) creates or synthesizes reality (non duality).
There are patterns of duality hardwired into physics, mathematics and philosophy and you can create new laws of physics once you understand this.
@@Dragrath1 I am real, read my new comment -- the 5th law of thermodynamics!
There are new laws of physics which you should be aware of.
OK, so the question that I did not get an answer to after watching so many videos, is that, considering black holes are the source of dark energy, how does it explain expanding universe? Does dark energy flow out of black holes and that too at such enormous levels that is creates expending universe?
That's how it seems like hyperbolic nonsense.
They have a 2019 paper, "Implications of Symmetry and Pressure in Friedmann Cosmology" by Croker et. al., that goes over this. Basically, the usual procedures that average over large volumes of the universe to figure out how it expands miss out on the non-linear behavior of Einstein's field equations. In that paper -- and more concisely in their 2022 paper, "Well-defined equations of motion without constraining external sources" -- they present a new way to do this averaging without this problem, and show that the environment inside compact objects, like black holes, should also contribute to the expansion of the universe.
I think that all of the "correlation is not causation" criticism is perfectly valid. However, I have seen a lot of criticism that these guys came up with this cosmological coupling idea just out of the blue and it just isn't true! They are doing good science: find a problem with the model, fix the problem (they did a really nice job here because they did not need to add anything new to general relativity!), and verify the new model with observations. It's obvious that they plan to verify their model through many different observational channels. I'm happy for them that this latest result got them so much press; now they're going to get a lot of help, whether they like it or not!
There is a theoretical mathematical way that some researchers have linked the inside of black holes to "pressure" in the cosmos. This pressure is manifested as dark energy. As far as I know, no one, including myself, really understands the connection intuitively.
@@ArvinAsh I am a Layman, Microbiologist/Chemist but. Universe is Infinite Object like Circle. We have Quantum Coupled Massive Black Holes. The pressure we see is simply that connection. As the Gravitation Fields of the Singularity apparently lessen as the Black Hole grows. That pressure overtakes. And pushes the circle into a Point. The Big Bang. That is what popped into my head after watching Yours, Sabine and Becky's videos. Maybe Universe literally isn't expanding. As it is all ready an Infinite Object. How exactly does Infinite expand? We just cannot see the big picture. I am also assuming that there is absolutely no Evidence that a "Wormhole" so to speak has any "Pressure" connecting the Coupled Objects so that could be some complete nonsense I am throwing out there.
What ever the black hole swollow is converted to the speed of the black hole through the universe.
Never thought about that. Neat. Thanks.
Hi, Arvin. This is a really good explanation of the recent paper, and I share your skepticism. I've shared this video on Facebook.
Absolutely fascinating, thanks for uploading! Plus, I was not aware that the transformation to a white dwarf includes the Golf Ball Giant phase (4:00) 🙂
Giant golf ball...I see it!
What if those black holes kept growing because of interaction with the so called dark matter?
That would require changing mainstream ideas about the properties of dark matter, because most physicists believe dark matter is eaten by a black hole only if the trajectory of the dark matter directly enters the event horizon without first orbiting the black hole as an accretion disk. Ordinary matter in an accretion disk will lose energy by collisions or electromagnetic radiation, but it's thought that dark matter can't shed energy that way. Nevertheless, dark matter seems more plausible than a connection to dark energy, because most dark energy is very far away from black holes.
Thank you for your great explanations.
For the first time the video has Italian subtitles... thank you very much Arvin!
Yes, all future videos will have them. Hope it helps.
You really have a talent of explaining complex questions simply! Exceptionally good hook on that
I'd have to read the paper to have a good idea if I like this hypothesis, but my initial gut feeling is that this isn't going to work. I do feel like dark energy could be related to black holes, but maybe the blackholes are a result of dark energy. I guess we wait and see what happens.
Isn’t the source of black holes materially, observably from stellar collapse and neutron star mergers? Don’t we have direct confirmation of that from LIGO?
My initial feeling is that E=mc^2. Where is the most mass? In a place we cannot observe. Where is dark energy? No one knows either.
This is the clearest, most understandable presentation of this subject I have seen.
As usual. Your videos are always the highest quality.
Thanks Arvin! Love your channel. Succinct and precise. Correlation doesn’t mean causation👍😊
Your explanation is clearer and more complete than any other that I've heard.
They are Pete they are
Thanks for this great review video of the recent paper ! You even covered the possibility of resolving and singularity issue inside the black hole ! A very intriguing thought !
Good observation! Black holes are much more perfectly spherical than the earth, which itself is more spherical than a billiard ball? There's the thought experiment- if a hole was drilled perfectly straight through the earth and the driller jumped in the hole, he/she would, if there were zero air resistence and wall bumping friction, would oscillate in perpetuity, and while in free falll experience zero gravity while accelerating. Zero gravity would be realised for a stationary driller at one spot too, if stopped at earth's Hamiltonian centroid, where the driller would also be weightless, being pulled equally on all sides, like a spherical singularity?
If a borehole could be drilled perfectly from the top to bottom pole of a black hole event horizon and the driller were pulled in, would the driller free fall like Flat Stanley at the constant speed of light and be trapped at the Hamiltonian singularity centroid, or fly past that and reach the event horizon boundary on the other side? Would the Flat Stanley then oscillate in perpetuity inside the black hole, at the constant light speed c? Would he/she become like a light beam inside a perfect mirror?
Is this somewhat analogous to one of Wilczek's time crystals? Perhaps not if black holes evaporate eventually due to Hawking radiation? Just a thought for a Saturday!
Energy is dual to mass -- Einstein.
DARK ENERGY is dual to DARK MATTER.
Thesis is dual to anti-thesis creates the converging thesis or synthesis -- the time independent Hegelian dialectic.
When you understand Hegel you can create new laws of physics:-
Decreasing the number of dimensions or states is a syntropic process -- homology.
Increasing the number of dimensions or states is an entropic process -- co-homology.
Homology (convergence, syntropy) is dual to co-homology (divergence, entropy).
The 4th law of thermodynamics is hardwired into mathematics and mathematical thinking.
Domains are dual to co-domains -- Group theory (symmetries).
Symmetries are dual to conservation -- the duality of Noether's theorem.
Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy).
Making predictions to track targets, goals & objectives is a syntropic process -- teleological.
Syntropy (prediction, convergence) is dual to increasing entropy (divergence) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics!
"Through imagination and reason we turn experience into foresight (prediction)" -- Spinoza describing syntropy.
All observers make predictions and therefore they are using syntropy!
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Duality (thesis, anti-thesis) creates or synthesizes reality (non duality).
The big bang is a Janus point/hole (two faces = duality) -- Julian Barbour, physicist.
Topological holes cannot be shrunk down to zero -- non null homotopic (duality).
Points are dual to lines -- the principle of duality in geometry.
Was waiting for this video for about a week or so. Thanks for the succinct explanation!
Energy is dual to mass -- Einstein.
DARK ENERGY is dual to DARK MATTER.
Thesis is dual to anti-thesis creates the converging thesis or synthesis -- the time independent Hegelian dialectic.
When you understand Hegel you can create new laws of physics:-
Decreasing the number of dimensions or states is a syntropic process -- homology.
Increasing the number of dimensions or states is an entropic process -- co-homology.
Homology (convergence, syntropy) is dual to co-homology (divergence, entropy).
The 4th law of thermodynamics is hardwired into mathematics and mathematical thinking.
Domains are dual to co-domains -- Group theory (symmetries).
Symmetries are dual to conservation -- the duality of Noether's theorem.
Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy).
Making predictions to track targets, goals & objectives is a syntropic process -- teleological.
Syntropy (prediction, convergence) is dual to increasing entropy (divergence) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics!
"Through imagination and reason we turn experience into foresight (prediction)" -- Spinoza describing syntropy.
All observers make predictions and therefore they are using syntropy!
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Duality (thesis, anti-thesis) creates or synthesizes reality (non duality).
The big bang is a Janus point/hole (two faces = duality) -- Julian Barbour, physicist.
Topological holes cannot be shrunk down to zero -- non null homotopic (duality).
Points are dual to lines -- the principle of duality in geometry.
Crazy that no one ever thought about black holes eating dark matter/energy in addition to visible matter until now. Myself included.... very interesting.
Very well explained.
Thank you so much! Well researched, presented with excellence and balance, clear and compelling!
Thank you. Glad it was helpful!
Great video.
Awesome vid :)
I once asked an astronomer if there is a relationship between the density of particles with mass and the expansion of the universe because the quark epoch appears to be close in time to the inflationary epoch and stellar nucleosynthesis has increased the quantity of heavier elements in the universe while dark energy continues to accelerate. The astronomer said the nanoseconds of difference between the quark and inflationary epoch are enough of a difference to not have a correlation. But now there is some evidence of a correlation between the growth of black holes and the expansion of the universe, and this kind of looks like it fits a pattern with the development of other objects with mass.
great video!
Great explanation
Excellent! Great explanation. I think the researchers are on the right track. BHs, in general, probably go through stages of matter compression just like the stages of stellar fusion (hydrogen, helium, oxygen, ... , iron). The last trick of matter compression can only be done by the high gravitational energy of an SMBH. An SMBH starts to store matter and energy in a space of higher dimension, kind of like blowing up an energy bubble from a circle (our space) to the inside of a sphere. This is where dark energy comes from: the potential energy locked up in this higher dimensional bubble. But, there is a limit, and this is the key to quantum gravity. An SMBH can only store so much matter in this bubble, and then the bubble explodes like a supernova, but in this case it's a Big Bang, releasing all the energy stored up over trillions upon trillions of years back into our space. It's a non-linear process, just like any explosion, whether H-bomb or supernova. So, in essence, all SMBHs are storing up dark energy in a higher dimensional bubble. When the BH mass limit is reached, maybe 10^70 kg, the dark energy is released non-linearly in a Big Bang event. Maybe.
First channel I enjoy about scientific subjects. 👍
Thank you
another great video Arvin ! thank you for the english subtitles, I am from Italy and sometimes I miss some english word so I can pause the video and read the text 🙂
Thank you. I have added Italian subtitles as well, in case that helps.
This channel is great
Thank you for your videos! Physics papers are too dry, dense, and boring. Most articles and other video creators, on the other hand, are just into click-bait and hype or explain things in a childish manner and don't give an accurate picture. Your videos are always in the sweet spot and don't hype up every new idea, but also explain in a fascinating manner.
Glad you like them!
@@ArvinAsh 👍
My first idea is that since gravity isn't really a force, but just a consequence of geometry, it makes total sense that the amount of energy increases as the universe keeps expanding. We know this isn't the case for the observable part of the universe, because of energy conservation. But here we have data that would suggest this energy and hence mass is contained within black holes.
Or here is another idea. There is a total energy budget from the big bang and as the universe expands, the energy keeps thinning out. As it becomes background radiation, it actually vanishes via quantum gravity into dark energy, which accumulates in black holes via a wormhole. This would presume that on the quantum level wormholes are abundant throughout the entire universe. At some point the black holes would become so massive as the universe keeps expanding that they would pull it together again. Suggesting that there is a minimum energy density at which cosmic inflation stops.
Thanks!
For a long time, my own theory of dark MATTER (not energy but dark matter) was that black holes changed the structure of light (and matter) such that it became invisible progressed through the black hole and that rather than being a singularity that matter leaked out or was spewed out from the black hole back into space whereby it gradually got sucked into galaxies and changed form back to regular matter and that would explain why we begin to see new matter and new stars forming at the edges of galaxies and why the rotation curves are high in the outer edges as this black matter changes back to visible matter at the edges of the galaxies. The galaxies act as whirlpools to suck matter back down to the black holes that then spew it back out into the far reaches of space and it's just this continual looping cycle from dark matter back to visible matter going down the whirlpool back to dark matter and so forth.
I have listened to a dozen explanations of this that didn't make any sense. Thank you for clearing that up. Well done!!! Is it possible that because blackholes are also eating spacetime along with the matter that falls in and if dark energy turns out to just be an intrinsic property of spacetime and the vacuum has this energy in it blackholes would always be growing because they would always be absorbing this energy. So it would make sense that they would also be growing as at a rate correlated to dark energy increasing over time. This should start outpacing the hawking radiation at some point and eventually black holes would then begin exponential growth at some point in the future. Eventually there should be pressure of the whole universe forcing space time into the black holes like air leaking from a hole in an over inflated bicycle tire. If dark energy turns out to be simply lambda that is. If it is not and it is some other mysterious energy source then I wouldn't expect there to be a correlation.
You the man arvin
thank you!
It is one of my theses that are in one of my books, this chapter is titled: Black holes and dark energy....
Arvin rocks!
Lack of understanding in English. But I continuely watching and playing again and again all arvin's sir videos, will learn one day.
Someone else had explained that part of the theory is that Heisenberg uncertainty is what prevents the black hole from collapsing down to absolutely nothing and subsequently causes it to expand. And as it expands, the space formed within the black hole, somehow dilutes space outside the black hole. And this dilution of space somehow causes negative pressure to make the universe expand. She didn’t really explain that part.
Thank you
This black hole / dark energy concept is blowing my mind. It appears that black holes have a radius of r1 (no singularity) and that they eat the vacuum energy between r1 and their event horizon, and that energy is converted into dark energy, which then causes the black hole to exert a negative pressure, causing the expansion of space outward from the black hole. They are like space generating engines, and the amount of dark energy created in a black hole is balanced by the vacuum energy created through the expansion of space.
It's not that there is some scientific requirement for five sigma. It's just the scientific version of asking "I know you know you're really sure... but are you really, really, sure and can you show how sure you are?" It's like a threshold for others to join in and start double- and tripple-checking. The acceptance comes eventually after a theory is found to be helpful and explanatory.
He is the kind of teacher whom every student of the school likes.
It's amazing to think about how the big bang singularity is now producing it's own singularities within it's expanded self.
This makes me love science. Im not so great with the math, but the breakdown on these videos is fantastic
I'm sorry but I'm with Sabine Hossenfelder when it comes to hypotheses like this. Correlations don't mean causation, and even the data the correlation is based upon is itself based upon assumptions, several of them in fact.
And even then, the best that can be said for the hypothesis is that there's a not completely insignificant chance of it not being outright wrong in the first place?
Sorry, until some major breakthroughs at least make the initial correlation plausible, that's not even bad science, that's no science, at all.
My deep respect however to you, Arvin, for your effort, dedication and talent to talk about all this in a clear, understandable and very neutral way. No hyperbole, no taking sides, just facts - that's what makes you one of the best educators I've come across. I thank you for that.
Instinctively, and nothing more, I feel like it's as likely as anything else that one or more "bugs" in our current theories leads to inaccuracies in how we're calculating these kinds of dramatically grandiose things like the mass of black holes, or the strength of dark energy force, the mass of dark matter, etc. Such a bug would influence the calculations of all these things, so via that "bug" yes there'd be a pretty exacting correlation in the measurements of any of them.
Or to try to put it a different way, if you're using a measuring stick that isn't accurate, all the measurements you take with it will have problems of the same relative magnitude.
IF black holes are "stretching" the fabric of the universe by warping the space... that means they are pulling the fabric into themselves, and this would stretch space everywhere in between. That "new space" is a direct result of the black hole's pull of space "gathering it up" bending time around itself. Hard to get your head wrapped around that concept- but once you see it... it's hard to unsee it. Our intuitive understanding of 3D space won't let us see what all might be going on in this case, as the black hole is warping space in more than just our 3D space, an inward action can have spatial consequences.
To my little peanut brain, that seems to make a lot of sense to be honest. I have always thought of black holes as "dark stars".
I could buy that logic, but I don't think that is what 'they' are implying. They have observed that galaxies closer to us, being older, just have bigger black holes because space has expanded - and the expansion made them bigger, versus looking back in time where they appear smaller - and didn't yet have enough time to grow bigger. So their implication is that it is the expansion that is causing the BH to be bigger - and it is they that store the DE. Your logic was that BH grow, pulling more space in, and thus this creates the stretch on the fabric of SpaceTime. The problem is that their study was to look at Galaxies that shouldn't have the material to add to BH mass - whereas you logic implies that they do, they grow - and thus stretch ST more. From how I'm understanding what they are implying, this is backward to their logic.
With conservation of energy in mind, it’s hard to imagine how taking the fabric of space out of the universe would cause there to be more energy in space (the dark energy that makes up ~70%).
@@wallstreetoneil I don't think this is what the study states- "they" are trying to prove a correlation between dark energy and black holes, non related to my comment. I went one step further and extrapolated the next logical assumption: They are responsible for the expansion of space itself by extension, pulling space by sub-dividing time.
@@chrisgriffith1573 It is exactly what the correlation is implying - and it's why people who study in this field are skeptical. I'm a Statistician and I built models for a living - and early in your career, you learn that given enough data sets you can build a model that basically perfectly fits historical data - even using non-sensical data to improve the fit. As an example, I know the human population grew, then shrunk with global disasters like comet impacts and ice-ages - but growth has dramatically accelerated in recent times with healthcare improvement. The human population data set would allow me to improve whatever model I have to explain Universe Expansion Accelerating from its previous non-accelerating period - yet it would make no sense to use this data - other than the regression model would fit better. It is very possible that this is the Statistical find of a lifetime and will win the Noble Prize - it is also possible that it has nothing to do with it.
I 100% sure this is the case, Im running with this
Danke!
Thanks so much!
It'll be interesting to see how this plays out.
I'd say it's virtually impossible that anything has zero volume.
So why do people always say black holes have infinite density? High yes, but not infinite.
I appreciate this side of the discussion, as the others I follow have all seam to have decided this theory is either flawed or wrong. So it nice to hear the other side at least. By the way you explain things so clearly in your videos.
Always look forward to your thought provoking videos, fact but still create thought. Interesting, with the scientific theory of expansion. Is it possible that what we observe, the black hole, "portal" may have a corresponding portal on the other side - as we have no idea of the interior of the black hole. The unknown part creating growth? Simple thought but not a theory based on this side of the hole. But if a hole, swallowing immense parts of each Galaxy - where is the exit or "portal" for discharge. Just a thought, not by any means on the level of correlation and cause. Much appreciated.
wow... great explanation. 5stars
I saw a video from Dr. Becky on this subject. She's skeptical too and Super Massive Black Holes (SMBH) are her specialty. From what I understood from her video (I'm not a physicist), she said that what could explain this black hole growth is the so called "vacum energy".
So, as most of you should know, empty space is full o virtual particles that are created and annihilated giving a net energy of zero. But on the event horizon particles can be created and get separated, creating actual particles.
Well, in order to conserve for the particle momentum, it generates a force that expands the universe explaining the relationship of SMBH and Dark Energy. It makes a lot of sense to me, but I don't know if I understood it right.
Also she claimed that the scientist had to do a whole bunch of assumptions about the SMBHs growth. And she remained skeptical. But if the vacum energy is really the case, then we may have a causation mechanism.
But since I'm a layman I may be totally wrong.
I actually understood this video more than Dr. Becky's video!!!
I think matter/energy is just tiny knots of twisted-up spacetime, and black holes are unraveling that energy and stretching it back out, creating more spacetime.
😲 very good idea to combine both objects for a new theory. It was only a matter of time that these were combined.
I've heard that it suggests our universe is inside of a Black Hole. This is something that I've always wanted to know more about. Great stuff!
Energy is dual to mass -- Einstein.
DARK ENERGY is dual to DARK MATTER.
Thesis is dual to anti-thesis creates the converging thesis or synthesis -- the time independent Hegelian dialectic.
When you understand Hegel you can create new laws of physics:-
Decreasing the number of dimensions or states is a syntropic process -- homology.
Increasing the number of dimensions or states is an entropic process -- co-homology.
Homology (convergence, syntropy) is dual to co-homology (divergence, entropy).
The 4th law of thermodynamics is hardwired into mathematics and mathematical thinking.
Domains are dual to co-domains -- Group theory (symmetries).
Symmetries are dual to conservation -- the duality of Noether's theorem.
Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy).
Making predictions to track targets, goals & objectives is a syntropic process -- teleological.
Syntropy (prediction, convergence) is dual to increasing entropy (divergence) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics!
"Through imagination and reason we turn experience into foresight (prediction)" -- Spinoza describing syntropy.
All observers make predictions and therefore they are using syntropy!
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Duality (thesis, anti-thesis) creates or synthesizes reality (non duality).
The big bang is a Janus point/hole (two faces = duality) -- Julian Barbour, physicist.
Topological holes cannot be shrunk down to zero -- non null homotopic (duality).
Points are dual to lines -- the principle of duality in geometry.
Yes..... I am enjoying your explanation. Great.
This assumption correlation might be wrong.
I did my MPhil 2009 on this topic. I have a theoretical model to explain the mechanism... Yes you are right we are very close to get a quantum gravity.
Great explanation❤
The black hole is Void ether. it re establishes the Q. fields. Conversion into energy and expands as it continuously converts Light photons and everything bigger into the layers of fields that is seen as Black. Like water soaking to wood pushing thicker oil out.
After reading this:
"According to general relativity, the inward gravitational collapse never stops. Even though, from the outside, the black hole appears to stay a constant size, expanding slightly only when new things fall into it, its interior volume grows bigger and bigger all the time as space stretches toward the center point."
Also: Empty pace doesn't have mass "per se", but it has an energy density. And there is a mass-energy equivalence. i.e. E = M (c^2) in other words, concentrate enough pure energy somewhere, and it will have a gravity field, just like a massive object of the same equivalent mass-energy?
If that is the case then yeah Black Holes increase in "effective mass" over time: their insides get bigger and bigger, and thus have more and more empty space inside, and thus more and more of that vacuum energy.
Munich team found negative Kelvin temperatures. Can the inside of a BH be -Kelvin. And so that high energy could convert into massive BHs.
I guess the skeptic in me thinks that it's probably an error in measurement, but I don't know much about it.