Five fingers of evolution - Paul Andersen
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- Опубліковано 25 лис 2024
- View full lesson: ed.ted.com/less...
How can a "thumbs up" sign help us remember five processes that impact evolution? The story of the Five Fingers of Evolution gives us a clever way of understanding change in gene pools over time.
Lesson by Paul Andersen, animation by Alan Foreman.
TLDR for students whose teachers are asking what the fingers represent:
Pinky: Chance can happen, resetting the gene pool
Ring: Non random mating can determine how often people with certain genes reproduce. If they’re unfavorable, the odds of them mating and passing on their genes are low
Middle: Mutation can add a new gene that changes up the frequency of all other genes
Index: Gene flow/movement can change the frequency of the gene pool if people with different genes come to a new area and other people leave, taking their genes with them.
Thumb: Adaptation will change genes to adapt to the surrounding environment
ur the real mvp
hero
damn i love you
i love you so much, you helped me out a lot!!
Not all heroes wear capes
*i feel dumb i thought this vid was about how we got 5 fingers **-______-*
+Djumba F. I thought it was about the evolution of stealing
+Djumba F.Laughed out loud whrn I read this. Well, I'm glad I'm not the only one who taught that.
+Djumba F. nice cover photo
+Djumba F. So did I.
Accent Tué 😂 WOW
EVERYONE LOVES MR ANDERSON...EVEN THOSE WHO HAVEN'T MET HIM haha. His videos have been so helpful.
ن
I love both Anderson (Addison Anderson and Paul Andersen)
*continues to search middle finger for the M*
Can't find it.... must be.. EVOLUTION.
Oh wait... no... it's the M in the name... not on the actual finger- carry on.
Hi N.C, didn't think I would find you here
*I did the same thing* lol
Same XD
Same. Hard same.
It has been 3 years people say he is still searching
This is brilliant! Students have responded so well to this method! I can't wait to use it in my Botany/Zoology class next semester!
The theory of evolution is a dogma without any scientific evidence. It was introduced not for scientific reasons but for ideological reasons. There are no fossils that prove evolution. Millions of fossils prove no evolution. Living things did not appear by evolution but by the Cambrian explosion. And traces have been found that prove that people from the times when Darwinists claimed that people were half animals were fully human. There was no such thing as evolution. And countless studies in laboratories have failed to turn up any examples of beneficial mutations. Almighty Allah created living things not by evolution but by the Cambrian explosion. The functions of all organs, which Darwinists call obsolete organs in living things, have been revealed. In other words, there is no such thing as an expired organ in humans or other living things.
"Sex: a reshuffling of the genetic deck." Love it.
Let's reshuffle the genetic deck - if u know wat i mean ;)
I'll keep that line in mind if i ever have to woo an evolutionary biologist. xD
Sajal Rastogi grow up
Nikunj Majithia mature sexually?
Netflix and shuffle?
@@tothesciencemobile4707 mass genocide and restart?
holy crap, wish this video existed when I was in school
or the people who thought the video was about how we got 5 fingers
or the people who searched for M on their finger and felt dumb lol xD
hahaha!!!, sorry mate
Anyone else recoginse his voice before looking at the title for his name? Mr. Andersen!!!
Paul Anderson is the King! Hope your channels allow you to influence the world as you want. Thanks champion,
i feel dumb i thought this vid was about how we got 5 fingers -______-
Albert Vasquez we got that from our fishapod ancestors: all us chordate tetrapods (even horses & CHICKENS) have 5 digits...look into tiktalik or acanthostega for more details
Ted Ed is really the best UA-cam channel according to me.
"Redheads can make a whole family of redheads..."
THE WEASLEYS
It feels weird watching my teacher on ted.
lol
Thank you for this nice and concise recap of the five general mechanisms of evolution!
Yes, I am studying for a final exam in introductory ecology.
The theory of evolution is a dogma without any scientific evidence. It was introduced not for scientific reasons but for ideological reasons. There are no fossils that prove evolution. Millions of fossils prove no evolution. Living things did not appear by evolution but by the Cambrian explosion. And traces have been found that prove that people from the times when Darwinists claimed that people were half animals were fully human. There was no such thing as evolution. And countless studies in laboratories have failed to turn up any examples of beneficial mutations. Almighty Allah created living things not by evolution but by the Cambrian explosion. The functions of all organs, which Darwinists call obsolete organs in living things, have been revealed. In other words, there is no such thing as an expired organ in humans or other living things.
"Can" and "can't" sound too alike in American English.
(If you can't... sounds the same as If you can)
What do you speak?
1. Si la poblacion disminuye
2. Emparejamiento
3. Mutación
4. Movimiento
5. Adaptación a los entornos
Studying for finals anyone?
me !
good luck ! :)
CasquencH test Monday 😭
I am in seventh grade and we are learning the same stuff, lol
Jake-got-fire Donohue me too!!
This guys from TED are great, they defenitely should spread their videos throughout the schools all over the world. I just think they should make a video on thermodynamics, its 4 laws formulas still don't drill well through my head. T_T.
187 people saw this video literally prove evolution as an unavoidable outcome of existence and still disliked it. Seriously stubborn.
One of the best informational videos, it really helped me understand (i'm a very visual person)!
Thank you for making it!!
The theory of evolution is a dogma without any scientific evidence. It was introduced not for scientific reasons but for ideological reasons. There are no fossils that prove evolution. Millions of fossils prove no evolution. Living things did not appear by evolution but by the Cambrian explosion. And traces have been found that prove that people from the times when Darwinists claimed that people were half animals were fully human. There was no such thing as evolution. And countless studies in laboratories have failed to turn up any examples of beneficial mutations. Almighty Allah created living things not by evolution but by the Cambrian explosion. The functions of all organs, which Darwinists call obsolete organs in living things, have been revealed. In other words, there is no such thing as an expired organ in humans or other living things.
Keep in mind this is a 5-minute high-level over view ostensibly designed for children and people not previously familiar (or perhaps even interested) in the subject matter. There are a lot of intricacies and interdependencies that have to be cut or glossed over. Mutation, as a process, is one of the mechanisms that drives evolution, even if specific, individual mutations must continue to be selected for and propagated to take hold in the population.
Mr. Bozeman?! Is that really you ?
Bulidrians was thinking the same thing
It is indeed the myth the legend Ryan Anderson of Bozeman science.
Ohh. How much I love Paul Andersen
Great and clear explanation. Thumbs up!
Science is a whole different 'breed' of writing. Most people cannot grasp the dense, thought-driven concepts in long, drawn out science papers because when you are writing scientific research papers you are basically cramming all of your information into the best words you possibly can and you are writing it specifically towards people with a bachelors/masters degree. Its a lot rougher to get through than normal papers and is much more specific, which denotes it the term "scientific literacy."
2:49 Those Muggle lovers, the Weasley!
movement of individuals into or out of an area? 1)Natural Selection 2)Non-random mating 3)Mutation 4)Gene flow 5)Adaption
Imagine a gene mutation creates a new color of hair. 1)Change the frequency in the gene pool. 2)Create a new species because of the disruption in the food chain 3)Nothing will happen
Hm. I didn't know red hair was an incomplete dominant gene - I wish my teachers covered genetic transference more deeply than "they're either dominant or recessive."
It is too difficult of a concept for highschool right now. I learned all these things and many more studying molecular genetics and biotechnology at uni and i doubt i would be prepared for the full picture back in highschool.
I'm definitely addicted to these videos.
Man, our Biology teacher taught us this method
I wholly stand by my statement. Evolution is not dependent on mutation. Evolution is a process in which organisms change over time. As the video clearly shows this is done in a few different ways. Mutations are one of them. Mutations aren't solely responsible for evolution, Genetic Drift and population mechanics, as well as biased mating or abiotic factors all go into the process of evolution, Remove mutations from the list and you still have a working system.
I can think of another process that uses 5 fingers (and sometimes the rest of the palm) and does not result in evolution
Adrian-Cornel Borină Stealing?
@@ratoim I think he means stangling someone. If so, this lad got huge fingers
The English word theory was derived from a technical term in philosophy in Ancient Greek. The word theoria, θεωρία, meant "a looking at, viewing, beholding", and referring to contemplation or speculation, as opposed to action.[1] Theory is especially often contrasted to "practice" (from Greek praxis, πρᾶξις) a Greek term for "doing", which is opposed to theory because theory involved no doing apart from itself.
Thanks to this video, I failed my biology test :)
I am not trying to control other people's opinions, and your right, i DO have an unshakable opinion because the way I see it, the only reason people get worked up over opinion contrary to their own is because they know they might be wrong, therefore i am unshakable because i believe fully in what i think is true, unless overwhelming evidence says otherwise...
Biology class ?
Evolution is such a central concept in biology. How can you say you like biology, the study of life, if you don't understand the concept of evolution, the process of how life has come to be what it is now.
Anyone else here for biology class
Tony Klaer yessir
You are the type of person that is holding society back.
where is the "m" on the middle finger i can't see it i am triggered
Fresh Fishyy mmmm. In Middle...MMMMiddle...oh! Right there!
These videos are extremely professional.
POV: You were here during school!
Lol
When Brazeau and Ahlberg measured this bone in Panderichthys, they discovered it was much shorter than in earlier fish. It also was not directly connected to the jaw joint. It appeared to be in the middle of moving to a different part of the skull where it would become an ear bone -- a migration that would take tens of millions of years to complete.
The theory of evolution is a dogma without any scientific evidence. It was introduced not for scientific reasons but for ideological reasons. There are no fossils that prove evolution. Millions of fossils prove no evolution. Living things did not appear by evolution but by the Cambrian explosion. And traces have been found that prove that people from the times when Darwinists claimed that people were half animals were fully human. There was no such thing as evolution. And countless studies in laboratories have failed to turn up any examples of beneficial mutations. Almighty Allah created living things not by evolution but by the Cambrian explosion. The functions of all organs, which Darwinists call obsolete organs in living things, have been revealed. In other words, there is no such thing as an expired organ in humans or other living things.
Shuffle me, baby.
lmao thx i rlly needed that laugh
Bro that was amazing lmfao
Uranium-lead dating contains most of the problematic features of other dating forms.
1) Lead 206 can be formed by processes other than decay (Neutron cross section)
2) Based on the assumption that no event or condition in the past has occured that could have altered decay rates (extremely unlikely)
3) Uranium 238 is water soluable, so water can carry this element, depleting or enhancing estimated dates
4) Error Margin for such dating can span hundreds of millions of years
Bozeman Science!
This really helped to study for my evolution test tomorrow this is one of the essay questions on there so this really helped i liked it
Who else is here because of "biology class"
M here cause of ess class
This video is amazing,I'm totally suggesting this to my College Biology teacher. We just went over this and it was fairly boring, this video made up for all of that boredom in 5 minutes!
I don't think it's right to say all animals share a common ancestor. Is it not possible that life started in more than one place?
+jonas ferencz I think the genetic pattern of the species contradicts that notion.
I don't mean the animals we see today. I'm not saying monkeys are not related to whales. I was more talking about the first organisms, the ones that combined to form more complicated cells.
jonas ferencz
I'm no expert here, but a quick search seems to indicate that multiple origins is a known hypothesis, but that it's mostly refuted. Not sure if these answer your question 100%, but they're worth a read: whyevolutionistrue.wordpress.com/2010/05/15/modern-life-had-a-single-origin/ news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2010/05/100513-science-evolution-darwin-single-ancestor/
+jonas ferencz Our genes are too similar for that to be possible I believe
+GamingEchelon the first life didn't even have DNA, just RNA.
It is at this point which we realize that the differences which built up between the two populations over the many years has finally culminated in the emergence of a new species which is different enough to hold its own place in the world. Now it contends with interspecies disputes over resources or space, eventually one would gain the edge over the other, causing extinction for one. All this time each individual still competes with others in the same species in a never ending genetic arms race.
Evolution is a CHOICE. God said Adam and Eve, not Adam and Harambe
Asi Mailau Harambe created us all in his image through Harambelution. Wake Up people.
Evolution is very real. But that doesn't mean god doesn't exist or make god's teachings invalid. I say this as a Christian who believes in evolution
It was a joke, are you shitting me
I literally mention Harambe, it's a fucking joke.
Asi Lou Mailau it was a little hard to tell LOL! >~<
I thought you were joking but then I thought maybe not
Now I will refer back to the story of our individual.
Our individual is in competition with members of his species. The long lasting flood was a random event, the competitors are random in that they are the individuals within his species he is competing with. However the non random result is that our individual survives due to his webbed feet, a trait which his competitors don't have. Hence we have a non random result from a seemingly random assortment of factors. It's not math, It's Biology.
*creationists have left the chat*
1) Mutation is the only one of the 5 named processes that can create new genotypes
2) Macroevolution can only happen if new genotypes are created
3) In order for a mutation to enter the gene pool, it must represent a functional gene that is better suited for survival so it will be preferred by natural selection
4) The conditions in #3 have never been observed, and no theoretical examples have even been put forth
5) Therefore, Macroevolution has never been observed, and has no theoretical basis
MR. ANDERSON!!!!!
I think this channel missed out on a rather obvious awesome name. TEDucation
4 fingered people punching the air rn
As for the math, I'll address the water levels first.
In order to understand this concept, you must remember that the earth's topology was not always what it is right now. Theories such as plate tectonics and continental drift all show that the earths topology has drastically changed. Did you also know that if the entire surface of the earth (including the ocean floor) was leveled, water would cover the earth by 1.7 miles?
funny i was born with six fingers instead of one yet the doctor cut it off and everybody except m\y mom dad and sister have this
you're an X-man!
Natasel Why?!?
Stop saying that!
-Count Rugen to Inigo Montoya
1. Define Evolution
2. Draw a picture of a hand and label the 5 Fingers of Evolution
3. Detail each of these labels in full sentences.
4. Describe how red hair is an advantage for some but not for others.
5. Done: Hand in your HW in CLASS and not electronically
'jean' pool XD
I loved the presentation. It was clear and adorable!
christians only have one finger, its the middle finger and its "god"
One of my favorite hobbies is searching for the comments of those religious nutcases. It's funny that other videos like this do not contain anti-scientific comments but as soon as evolution or the scientific time scale gets mentioned, all the religious lunatics rush to the comment section to advertise their ignorance.
@@late8641it has also now become my favourite hooby, thank you!
If you don't understand it at this point, there's little chance you ever will.
Nature doesn't "know", it's not an entity. Things unfit to survive die off, it's that simple. Those able to adapt to their environment prosper and spread. The mutations and changes happen at random, and those that get the beneficial ones take the next step forward in evolution.
Nothing can be measured with 100% accuracy. All the variables of a given system cannot be known at one time.
To add to what I said earlier. The reasons why we have distinct races today is the same reason why we have pure dog breeds. By frequent inbreeding of similar types of people, genetic variation begin to diminish causing a very homogenious population. Due to our nature, people who are alike tend to band together and often alienate those who are different, this accelerates the process.
You cannot make a new theory out of thin air. To come to a scientific theory you first have to go through the process of the Scientific Method (Question->Hypothesis->Prediction->Test->Analyse). After you have gathered all the tests, evidence, answered the scientific questions, and made a conclusion then you have come to a scientific theory.
"... I fully agree with your comments on the lack of direct illustration of evolutionary transitions in my book. If I knew of any, fossil or living, I would certainly have included them. You suggest that an artist should be used to visualize such transformations, but where would he get the information from? I could not, honestly, provide it, and if I were to leave it to artistic license, would that not mislead the reader?"
I am not sure what experiences you have been through to make you think that way but what I have been taught is that the scientific community will accept their mistakes given enough evidence and time to test it. Many of my teachers and peers believe this and I personally believe that the purpose of science is to understand this world. If evidence appears to contradict current theories, that should be brought to light.
Through the expression of certain genes found within the genome, these genes are selected through various means, Some are through simple dominant/ recessive interactions between marker strands of DNA which signal various proteins found within the nucleus to begin transcription, Transcription reverts DNA to RNA and eventually into Proteins, thee proteins then form structures which provide the phenotype which we see in one another, This is the emerging field of Proteomics.
Just depends how you define the word. As the speaker says, microevolution means shifting the existing genes around, like is done in breeding or domestication. This process alone cannot lead to macroevolution, and neither can natural selection alone.
Many mutations don't yield a better outcome, but occasionally it does. Imagine a small organism without eyes. A small change in only a few cells to make them sensitive to light can be a huge advantage, so that mutation has a chance of sticking around in the gene pool. However, if a mutation happens that would, say, make it unable to breathe, it would just die and clear the bad mutation from the gene pool. It's random chance but it builds up from what's there but can be better, step by step.
The theory of evolution is a dogma without any scientific evidence. It was introduced not for scientific reasons but for ideological reasons. There are no fossils that prove evolution. Millions of fossils prove no evolution. Living things did not appear by evolution but by the Cambrian explosion. And traces have been found that prove that people from the times when Darwinists claimed that people were half animals were fully human. There was no such thing as evolution. And countless studies in laboratories have failed to turn up any examples of beneficial mutations. Almighty Allah created living things not by evolution but by the Cambrian explosion. The functions of all organs, which Darwinists call obsolete organs in living things, have been revealed. In other words, there is no such thing as an expired organ in humans or other living things.
i knew it was paul andersen narrating! i love his channel: bozeman science!!
BTW: It was some 19th century theologian who 'calculated' the origin of existence using all the 'begats' in the Old Testament. He wasn't accounting for 'creative license' and the inaccuracy inherent in the unrecorded histories of our ancestors. See 'Inherit the Wind' the wonderful story of the Scopes Monkey Trial starring Spencer Tracy.
"Where ignorance is bliss, t'is folly to be wise."
over a massive time frame, yes. It's simpler than you think. Genes have been discovered that control whole body segments at once. As vertebrates (and many invertebrates) all have a similar body plan (imagine a stick figure...) we're really not very far removed. A single mutation, and you could be drastically different.
The theory of evolution is a dogma without any scientific evidence. It was introduced not for scientific reasons but for ideological reasons. There are no fossils that prove evolution. Millions of fossils prove no evolution. Living things did not appear by evolution but by the Cambrian explosion. And traces have been found that prove that people from the times when Darwinists claimed that people were half animals were fully human. There was no such thing as evolution. And countless studies in laboratories have failed to turn up any examples of beneficial mutations. Almighty Allah created living things not by evolution but by the Cambrian explosion. The functions of all organs, which Darwinists call obsolete organs in living things, have been revealed. In other words, there is no such thing as an expired organ in humans or other living things.
I like how the narrator didn't have a bias against evolution
Really you should look this up online.
This subject goes into lots of stuff like laws, hypotheses, various types theories, theorems, models, etc. Theories can be much more useful than a simple law which is used in theories often called postulates.It is a series of postulates (laws) to provide an explanation of the observed laws-- useful in prediction making with variable conditions. A law can't cope with varying conditions or attempt to explain how the condition causes the observation.
Panderichthys, Elpistostege (mid-late Devonian, about 370 Ma) -- These "panderichthyids" are very tetrapod-like lobe-finned fish. Unlike Eusthenopteron, these fish actually look like tetrapods in overall proportions (flattened bodies, dorsally placed orbits, frontal bones! in the skull, straight tails, etc.) and have remarkably foot-like fins.
Great video. I show it every year.
I enjoyed the "rule of thumb" to help us remember the processes!
Mutation leads to a wide variation base from which the 'fittest' survive to reproduce. Nature doesn't *know* what's required for survival, but the organisms gifted with the best random ability to survive and reproduce, do so.
We lost these abilities because they were not needed,but what drives evolution to head a certain direction?Why did a dog get teeth and a bird get wings and how does nature know what is necessary for survival?This question is very complicated to me.
The genes for red hair and fair skin are linked. A little too complex to get into in 500 characters or less, but red hair is linked to the MCR1 gene on chromosome 16 and indicates a low concentration of eumelanin throughout the body WHICH allows for greater generation of vitamin D in low-UV light, which is the case in the north where daylight hours are shorter and the intensity of the rays lower due to the angle at which they enter the atmosphere compared to the equatorial regions.
Most people don't know that micro evolution doesn't mean a small change and macro evolution is not a big change, macro just means two animals cant breed (or their offspring is sterile) and micro means that animals can still breed. ie Chihuahuas and Dalmatians can still breed (In theory) although their difference appearance is great.
each correct number is like a beneficial mutation, something that happened in the coding that went wrong and caused it to have a better colour for its environment or what ever, and this is kept because it gives it a better chance of surviving. the bad mutations or incorrect numbers are tossed because they aren't favorable. this isn't permutation, permutation is when you grab the balls and jumble them and just keep jumbling all 10 balls hoping to get 1-10 in 1 go. this is completely different.
Before you read this sentence and think it out of context read the full original article or read The National Center for Science Education (NCSE)'s "What Did Karl Popper Really Say About Evolution?"
It is quite interesting.
Crossing over does not result in mutation. Mutation refers to the formation of new allele (different alleles are different forms of a gene, for example the hair gene can have red allele or green allele). Crossing over only causes new combinations of alleles but does not create new allele for the gene.
Speciation occurs when a population can no longer mate with another population of the same species. Another thing is that the offspring cannot be sterile, this is why horses and donkeys aren't considered the same species, mules are sterile. Look into Ring species, that provides answers to many other questions you have on speciation.
towards the end he says that none of them lead to adaptation but doesn't the first example, where a small number survives an epidemic, mean that the entire population is now immune, or adapted.
+anywherein12seconds
That's natural selection. Those with immunity survive and pass on their immunity to their offspring. I think he was more referring to an event that could cause a population bottleneck, reducing population size and therefore genetic variation in the population.
This is awesome, I will forever remember the 5 causes now.
"Hey, wanna go back to my place and shuffle my deck?"
At the end I high fived myself.
Forever Alone.
best learning video that i've ever seen!
Whoa, I remembered the five parts after just one viewing...well done
Thank you guys so much for making this site and channel on youtube, I'll never have a full understanding of your video's I'm just not smart enough, but I can at least try so thanks for make the site and everything thank you.
"Money buys a man's silence for a time. A bolt in the heart buys it forever." Who did i quote?
2:13 Clue
***** gg xD so happy that season 6 started, episode 1 was great.
Excellent presentation on the observable facts of evolution.