Moghul armour part two
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- Опубліковано 20 лип 2016
- More details of my hauberk of Moghul armour, plus a couple of museum examples. Part one here: • Plated mail - armour o...
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In this I discuss the pronunciation of Moghul/Mughal/Mughul, the warlike nature of the Moghuls, repairs done in antiquity, the Delhi Durbar, details of the mail making patterns, inscriptions, the weight of the armour, how restricting of movement it isn't, and I try not to get too precious about antiques.
More weapons and armour videos here: • Weapons and armour
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Lindybeige: a channel of archaeology, ancient and medieval warfare, rants, swing dance, travelogues, evolution, and whatever else occurs to me to make.
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6:24 That's obviously the maker's mark of the great Indian blacksmith, Carl.
my boi
Maybe Carl liked to stab his name into hostile knights with a tiny thin dagger?
Nice
My first response was 'carl' as well. ~( ,m,)~
Came here to say this. Glad someone else had done it for me.
The Text on the inside says: "Made in China" And "only handwash, no ironing"
No ironing the armor? Quite the irony.
Ah so text on the back of the plates are instructions! Know wonder there so difficult to read.
***** That's still twelve years older than you mate.😊🍸 ***** Thanks for sticking up for me mate i appreciate it, apologies for taking so long to respond. Oh and ***** my original comment was a joke, just thought i should clear that up. Sorry it was over your head.
do i really have to explain this to you? he made those errors to make them difficult to read. now shush
+Cody Pettigrew Do you really need to correct some random guy on the internet? Pathetic....
7:57 First line: the first character is illegible. what follows is, 'manda Raja Shree'. raja is king, shree is a title of respect, like honourable.
second line: almost identical in first part to the above line. it reads 'manda raja shree', before being illegible.
third line: can make out letters 'ja', 'sha', 'pra', and a word 'nam' which means name.
I think it is a verse from a poem because of the arrangement of letters.
+Lindybeige i have good reason to believe that you are in possession of an armour which was also owned (at least in part, if not fully, of its useful life by a Maratha soldier. Maratha soldiers often clashed with the Mughals and many Maratha soldiers fought for the Mughals and vice versa. I say this because along with the obvious Urdu markings, the texts at 7:37 and 7:57 seem to be in Marathi language which is also in Devanagari script like in Hindi. Marathi is the language of maratha soldiers, therefore i feel that it is a good chance you're in possession of Maratha armour. maybe, it was captured by the mughals and then put to their use later?? who knows.. :)
+1, good work
BlankPicketSign
thank you :)
good work man
secular humanist
thank you. :) i like your name btw. noble pursuit.
Liked, because you said the weight in kg and saved us 10seconds of googling.
Still did it to verify. #nevertrusttoodeeply (not to confuse with #neverthrusttoodeeply)
Collectively tens of hours.
#Trust_But_Verify
or a kilo is 2.2 pounds.
Do half, then subtract 10%. It's usually pretty spot on for not incredibly heavy weights.
"I got this weighing scale from a shop called 'Everything's a Pound', but it's broken and says everything's a pound."
Breddy gud
would have been humorous
I think this was the main reason Britain kept their currency, all the puns.
+Rannos22 When I was at school there was sort of a ..."meme" that went around for a week or so, where people would go around asking people if they wanted X number of pounds. The person would presumably respond with "yes" then get hit X number of times ._.
+Daniel Carrier I'm just imagining it not having any dial showing weight, just a lenny face ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)
if you connect the dots rather creatively on the holes in the plate, it looks like it spells CARL
Damnit. I was going to say that. If you look closer elsewhere it says "woz ere 1712"
the famous Moghul warlord Carl!!
CARL for sure!))
That was what I thought, too.
+dentistguba mughill warlord*
6:27 ... no idea? it clearly says carl (CARL). The bloke who made it was called carl, job done.
@Derpy nah, then it'd say "CORAL"
So am I the only one that thought it said Earl?
I went with EARL. Probably says ''Property of Earl'' and ''If found please return to Mughal Earl's Emporium, small reward.''
"This will protect you from the Walkers, KAWWRHL!"
''Come with us CARRRL!!''
7:56 that's Sanskrit, written with Hindi alphabets. pretty sure, nearest temple priest could translate it. will get it done
that's pretty badly written, and people used to say my writing is bad
right now, there only thing I could say is it says something about travel/journeys
+Suraj Grewal need better, un-enhanced pictures
This is awesome, thanks for actually having a good lead on what it says and not just telling a joke.
not a joke
One is written in Devanagari the second in some other related script, a Sindhi script maybe, since it comes from Sindh. I don't know why it wasn't simply written in Persian though, it would have been the more expected choice.
The symbol clearly spells: CARL.
earl
+FindingChemo4 earls didn't exist in india and neither did carl
I own a similar armour and it says "Lenny".
it spells GARY
Connor Duffy i know i was just messing around and also it just kind of looked like it
2:27 "I have worn this outdoors"
Love the picture of Lindy casually walking down the streets of Newcastle in his fancy Moghul armor
7:36 First Line says: Maharaja Shri Anup Singh
He was the Maharaja of Bikaner & Governer of Adoni appointed by Emperor Aurangzeb in 1689-1698).
It makes sense because he was the one who initially counted the Bikaner Armoury and put those dotted inventory numbers to the items.
But wasn't the state language Persian at that time ?
@@big_ostrich_egg7287 during aurangzeb's rule, Persian was on its way out and was replaced by urdu/Hindi.
You're right
Buying a scale from a place called "Everything's a pound" just sounds like a bad idea to me. :)
Reptiles can be mass farmed these days
Those markings on your chainmail armor is some of the first attempts of chain letters.
Goddamnit.
Or some British Indian chap named Carl wrote that down.
damn
Dangit Jim
Damn.
the holes seem to spell "carl"
It's calling home.
carl... that kills people
the armour is crying to its son during the zombie apocalipse
*HIDE THE LLAMAS ARE COMMING*
Heh. Must be made by some guy named "Carl."
This armor series is some of your best content yet. I can't think of a better use for the armor. We are learning so much more than we would with it gathering dust in a museum.
Beautiful plated mail, friend! I am so glad that it fell into your hands. The fact that you had the previous owner clean it up speaks volumes of the previous owners consideration and value of it. The piece is in much better custody now.
that thing must be awfully hard on the washing machine:)
I think he uses a dish washer.
He could just walk through a car wash.
You don't want to expose it to water as much as possible, it's iron, it will rust very quickly.
humor must make your head hurt
¡olé!
I love how happy he looks with his ancient armor. :)
what ancient armour?
It's what he spent his comic book money on. He really should have invested it into something else and then gotten this stuff with the residuals from his investment but then again we're obviously not the same person working with the same mind. I must be some kind of masochist or something. I'm glad he's happy.
I just looked this stuff up and found a single arm guard for 5,000. I really wanna know what he dropped for a full set.
+Latvian Man I was wondering if, with his past in the movie industry as a pretty skilled worker, he earned a lot of money, and now does so with UA-cam. He probably just spends most of the money he gets.
+Latvian Man I know but it isn't ancient.
It's late medieval.
7:37 I can make out the words 'Raja Shree'. raja means a king. shree is a title of respect. so what follows these words will be a name. Also, the next word (presumably the name) starts with 'Pra'. and i can make out the hindi/ marathi letter 'na', 'pa', and 'sa'.
+Lindybeige the second line: the first letter is a 'ja'. the second and third characters make the number '40'. and i can make out the characters/ alphabets of 'pra', 'du', 'ni' and 'ma' after that.
At 7:35 I can clearly read राजा श्री (raja shri, King Sir) but have not been able to make sense of the rest (yet)
方兴未艾 we have the same last name . Phuong is how you spell It?
Dear Lindybeige
We should rebuild the empire. We will have to first develop a Spandau that fires katanas and it will have a built in pommel bag to end the yanks rightly. We don't need that many troops as long as they don't wear helmets we will be fine.
MAKE BRITAIN GREAT AGAIN.
and, as Blackadder suggested to Her Majesty, buy 10.000 tickets on the Eurostar and invade France.
+CaptainDuckman better be careful and not give our troops shields *cough* battle of the bastards *cough*
+BluePlankton u forgot the viking furs
+Mick Ruijgt am I the only one who thinks that the giant from game of thrones would overheat in all of his furs. He seemed to have very similar proportions to an average human so I'll just presume that he is just a scaled up man. As you increase the volume of an object the surface area also increases but not directly proportionally. This would mean the wun wun would find it hard to loose heat and even in the snow he would at least had some problems with temperature. And anyway why didn't he have a weapon.
and we only recruit Japanese anime lovers
DAMMIT Carl! What have I told you about defacing priceless antiques!?
I really like the idea of plated mail. All the protection of plate where you would want it and all the flexibility of mail where you need it. The best of both worlds.
Thanks, Mr. LLoyd. I find this sort of thing fascinating, and I think we like to look at things equally closely. Most people haven't the patience or the eye, so your stuff is a treat.That is all.
So this Moghul Armour
can it deflect Spandau fire or not?
Does it have a bonus when defending agaisnt a katana?
It can deflect Spandau, but the Bren rips right though.
no, but you can not move when the Spandau shoots, and pommel throwing katana guys can finnish you of with thiere net.
everything has a bonus when defending against a katana
How's the infamous spandau video called? I don't know where it went.
EDIT I found it.
I do hope we'll see other installments of this wonderful series.
(A.k.a. Dude, you've got antique armour, milk it for everything you can!)
"Lindy goes grocery shopping in plated mail"
...actually, I'd watch that.
that would be awesome
I would too.
"LINDYBEIGE WALKS INTO BRITISH PARLIAMENT, WEARING ARMOUR! GONE WRONG! GONE SEXUAL(With the police)" Only a question of time.
The comaprison of the different link sizes, and the inscriptions, is excellent and very informative. I like to learn new things, and this is a good place to be for this stuff.
6:24 The words are written on Armour are in my mother tongue "Gujarati", I asked my mom, it reads "9(some cryptic symbol)28", she explained that in olden time people wrote such cryptic symbol as makers mark for identification for maintenance purposes.
Any day I can start with a Lindy video, I know it will be a good day.
A video with mike loads would be insane!
Would it? Right - I must avoid that, then.
What's wrong with insanity? As a great old one creating madness is practically our favourite hobby :-)
+Lindybeige that is the most british thing I read all day
The plebs demand a video with Mike Loades!
*amazing
You caught me with your great speech and not edit too much! great work and keep it up!
Very nice of you to let us have a good look, it's fascinating. Thanks.
Lloyd At @7:57 I can read something like "maharajashri" ( honorable king) written in the first and second line. The last word in the last line is "naam" which could mean name or is the ending of "pranaam" which means "salutations" or "greetings". So it was either in the service of a king or owned by a king( likely a poorer one). There are 2 individual consonants I can identify in the last line but can't make out a word without context, devanagari is a phonetically accurate script- Ja (pronounced juh) & Sha( shuh)
6:32 Doesn't that just say "CARL" ?... Carl did it!... It's official!
Wow, those woven in prayers are really incredible.
As an American that enjoys this channel greatly, I can say, please pronounce any words the way you are most comfortable with. I'm here for the fascinating points and information. We say things differently, it's no big deal. I hope people don't get horribly bent out of shape about it. As my father told me, "England and America are two countries separated by a common language." Keep up the excellent work.
On the inside, it says "Dry Clean Only"
Well, one reason they might have put plates in though the protective power might have been lower would be the cost. Making plates with holes around the edge would be a lot cheaper and easier than making chain mail.
So glad I got a cameo in this one, cheers Lindy
Really loving these last two videos about your Moghul hauberk. It's so cool to see that it has found a loving home and owner. Be interested to find out how long it takes to get it all cleaned and waxed!
the pitch of the mail changes according to the load it carries below it (in mail weight). it's NOT modern steel, it's far closer to wrought iron, verging on semi-steel. as such, the base "anneal" is going to be pretty brittle, due to hardness, and stress over time will further work harden the metal. the links which carry the most weight have to be thicker wire, in better supported ring sizes. your "neck flap" solid ring also shows the other foible of the style, "rub wear" from the hard parts working against one another, and slowly lapping each other away, though a bit of that loss was pretty obviously corrosion from time. for it to be "a lifetime suit purchase", you would either NEED a REALLY heavy "greatcoat" (if you only used a single gauge of wire), or the "tapering of link pitch" you see. as it is cavalry issue, it also make sense from the POV of the animal: far less mass of "free end" whipping about to pinch hair out of trigger's hide, rub holes in his flesh, or "rat tail" his limbs in mid stride of gallop (the taper might give it a fairly "dead" natural periodicity as well, as a free hanging pendulum). in short, it's engineered, not just stylized. that is a VERY impressive bit of work you have there!!
American historians say "Moghul" to define the rulers of India, and "Mogol" to describe someone in business, such as a "movie mogol". I still have a book on the Moguls from the Time Life series that mainly concentrates on their art and culture, and it's affect on India today. I think it's interesting that India has had a long history of fine metal working going back thousands of years!
Don't theyoriginate from the word "Mughals"?, so technically it's the same word which changed over time and accents.
I was reading this French drawing of Shahjahan(a Mughal emperor) and they wrote it as Mogul/Mogol I don't remember that well
That is soooo cool! I love historical artifacts and their stories.
Lindy is such a great version of a human. I'm very glad he exists!
People gripe at you for handling and taking care of that armor? The best way to make a suit last, and in good condition, is for someone to own it and take care of it. Just look what happened to it the last time it was neglected.
Maybe if I post my comment early I'll get a response from Lloyd.
Do you reckon you'll make a video on ancient/medieval Indian and SE Asian weapons/fighting styles? I find those subjects really interesting and would love to see you talking about them.
No plans at the moment, but I did shoot one of Wing Chun butterfly swords ages ago, and there's another on Japanese chain weapons that has been a long time coming. I don't know much about Indian martial arts. Escrima is sort of related to Wing Chun a bit.
Well, I'll make sure to keep my notifications on for when you post those. Thanks for the response, Lloyd. Keep up the good work.
+Lindybeige if you want to know about Indian martial arts, start with Kalaripayattu. It's thought of as the oldest formal martial art. There's a long, flexible sword in the system called an Urumi. And a metal circle blade they throw. And I'm sure you know of Indian Sabres. Japanese chain weapons, in my system we study the manrikigusari, a chain with two weights on each end, and nine section chain whip from China. And there is kusarigama, a Kama (sickle) with a weighted chain and chigriki. Like a long pole flail. There are more that started as rope weapons but evolved to become chain weapons like nunchuku. That's gonna make for a couple of twenty minute videos at least. Oh And escrima is related to swordplay called Krabi Krabali, that too is a part of my dojo training curriculum. Butterfly swords are related more to the deer horn knives, tonfa, Japanese knuckles called tekko, and sai. Escrima and butterfly knives are used very differently. Just trying to help out. I train in this stuff.
Matt Easton, another popular UA-camr who has quoted Lloyd as one of his inspirations has some cool videos on Indian weapons and martial arts. Search "Scholagladiatoria India" on UA-cam. His video style is a little different than Llyod's though.
+Mike Rotella I imagine Matt being like "He's so incorrect about minor points, I am going to get a camera and a microphone!"
Just found your channel and this video. Subscribed. Your attention to detail in this video is amazing!
You are quickly becoming one of my favorite youtuber lindybeige.
I truly though he was going to say the scale said it weighed a pound
The little holes.. I just keep reading it as 'Carl'
Magnificent! Thank you for sharing this with us, as with all of your video's!
On the front side it looks like the Maker's Mark , because the hole printing style is how Maker's marks used to be done . They still are done using similar styles .
You are becoming quite the armor mogul.
At 7:56, I can pick up the words maharaja and shri, written in Devanagari script. It is there in the first and second lines. I'm trying to find out what the rest says, so I'll get back to you when I do.
Manas Surya wow, you really taking your sweet time :b /s
Its in arabic idiot
@@atompilzsammlah Lol, completely forgot about this video until today.
That museum piece is absolutely gorgeous, I flapped a bit when you showed us those manifers and sabatons. Yum yum yum.
Love the prayers carved into the armor to give it some extra supernatural protection. Need to remember that bit if I ever role play a cleric or paladin again
It says Carl
lol
Idk😅
God that's just a beautiful suite of armor
history channel need people like you
Lindy, your armor is beautiful. that was a great buy man
6:20 CARL
The maker was named CARL (all caps)
That is EXACTLY what I thought!
Your name is weird.
Marshall Perry At least I don't use my real name on the internet.
Not my real name, so HAHAHAHHAHAHAHAHAHHAHAHAHAHHAHHAHAHAHHAHAHAHHAHAHAHAHHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHH (send help I'm having a stroke)
I have fallen and I cant get up to find my bleach!
CARL just called. He wants his armour back.
You truly are a pleasure to learn from, Lloyd
those back platelets are absolutely gorgeous!
I think some guy called Carl hammered some graffiti into your armour, there.
Edit: Oh, neat, your jar of wax has a white cap, mine's silver. Did they change it recently or is that an old jar?
It's an old jar.
mow ghouls!
+1 vote for 'Carl' having made that beauty :)
Lindybeige, another fantastic dollop of wonderful historic information. Sir Henry would be proud of you. Did you know there's no proper name for the back of the knees. XX.
Really like these videos, great work
7:56 i guess the inscription is detailing the name of the soldier, this is one of the armour worn by foot soldier, the ones who fought with spears and short swords, so they used to be lightly armoured (like you said too many wars, and people were too expendable)
The inscription reads something like
"manda rajashree
Manda rajashree
Pra jhh shha praa duu naam 1"
Which i think means that this armour belonged to a soldier of Raja manda (shree being an honarary title) and the guy's name might be something ending with
- shapradu coz some words are wuite difficult to make out
@Lindybeige there's a lot about mughal (muu-guhh-aal) history that would definitely interest you, lots and lots and lots of wars, plus along with the mughals, there were the hindu kings and sikhs that were the biggest reason hurdles to the mughals, none could tolerate one another, every one fought, which kinda made it easier for you lot to just stroll in and take over everything
Did anyone else think of Lord of the Rings when the saw the title?
He's been stabbed with a Moghul blade!
*Morgul??
CORAL!!!! Rick's been searching for a long time
On the rings that are attached to the end of the sleeve and the neck: the first could be used to join the upper part of the sleeve with the lower part using a lace -of leather, say- that would pass between the fingers. The rings on the neck could join that part -using a lace, too- to the helmet.
7:57
That looks like bengali writing, although many scripts are similar to bengali script. Most of those letters are recognizable to me as bengali and the other letters i can't tell if it's just worn and hard to tell or if it's actually just a different language/ script that shares letters with bengali. don't know what it actually means though.
What's a good place to buy these sorts of antiques?
www.good-place-to-buy-antiques.com
+nirvanahater Nice site thanks
suske wiske no problem mate
It clearly has "CARL" punched into the plate. So you purchased a measuring device at a store called "Everything is a Pound" but it measures the armor at more than a pound, so clearly everything isn't a pound, but I clearly knew that as I weigh quite a few pounds myself.
lindy, you out-do yourself. congratulations on the excellent purchase.
6:28 CARL.
Pretty sure that suit was made for Carl. Dammit Carl!
Looks like the mark reads "Carl" to me.
ok, i'm REALLY impressed that they wove script into the armor with different metal
Is there no end to Lindybeiges quality content? Long may it last!
I adopted a dog recently Lloyd, and it's BEIGE
Call him Lloyd, please.
Actually, 'Lloyd' is not a good name for a dog. You cannot shout the L or the D sounds, so from a distance all you hear is "OY!" Beige, on the other hand, is a fine name.
+Lindybeige loool quite random you know this info quite random indeed sir :>
@@lindybeige What do you mean you can't shout L sounds? xD Of course you can! D might be slightly harder though
The script seems to be Devanagari, used for a number of Indo-Aryan languages of North India. If the owner were Muslim the inscriptions would much more likely be in the Arabic script. So I don't think they are invocations of Allah. In India punch marks on objects are usually just names of owners; it is still routine to get them added to metal objects such as kitchen ware, or at least was the last time I lived there in 1982. I will try to do what I can with my professional knowledge of Indo-Aryan languages, but it would be nice if you Lindy could send me some better still images. No charge!
If the owner was a Muslim ,The inscriptions would be in Farsi (Persian). This seems Rajasthani work.
Lindybeige is probably one my favourite channels, makes me proud to be British XD.
That first armor from India is an absolute thing of beauty. Can't comment on how effective or practical it would be, but amount of work that was put in it...just wow.
the armor was made by ''''carl''''
It says :
"લીરા"
so the guy's? name was Lira. or the mark means balance, translation to Latin.
That's a really nice set of armour. Good to know some of its history too. I'm jealous.
I'm so excited that you know Mike Loades! He needs to use his UA-cam channel. I also appreciate the Facebook-episode-first bit.
fill a barrel with sand and roll it around, worked then why not now :P
I don't like sand. It's course, and rough, and irritating, and it get's everywhere.
Arthur Dent
Well it's not for you! the armour!
+Arthur Dent Have you ever heard....
hello darth vader.
+Arthur Dent Don't you have reservations to attend?
Could the lettering be Persian? en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_alphabet
its similar, maybe an archaic form?
Given that the Moghuls came from Persia, that's certainly not unlikely.
No, they came from a place that's between Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan.
???
it doesn't even remotely resemble Perso-Arabic script--and no, this isn't an archaic version of the script either, like that genius Mizuno guy said: that would have looked like Arabic ruq'ah script (which isn't surprising, seeing that the Persian alphabet of today is a modified version of the Arabic one):
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruq%CA%BFah_script
Frankly, a guy below, Bhavin Desai, seems to be on the right track: it's likely one of India's native scripts.
As a Persian, I can confirm you that this isn't Persian, but most likely, as the others said, an Indian language. Persian was more used by the Mughal aristocracy, the nobles, the common people used more local dialects I think
Hi Nick, I think you suite of mail armour is great. When you are not using it for personal protection maybe your local pizza shop could make good use of the back plates as a parmasan cheese grater, I think it'll be ace!😂🤣😂
I am a southern American former history major and have never met anybody who regularly used any other term than Moghul. I have seen the Mughal term used in a couple books or papers but when people speak about it here in the US they tend to use the same phrasing that you use in Great Britain. There is a great nearly three-hour documentary on UA-cam just called " The Moghuls." The recording is in pretty rough shape but it's narrated fantastically and is a pretty decent history of their time in power in India. Ripping good stuff!!
In my old textbook (im from pakistan) they refer to it as Mughal soooo....
I always thought it was either 'mug-gl' or 'moe-gul', but that's just from movies.
Lets just call them muggle.
the symbols say "You will find the answer you seek in the heart of the Pharaohs tomb" XD JK. Bonus points to those who get the reference. That is very nice armor mate, keep up the good video work!
I hope there will be a part three showing how the armor gets cleaned and preserved.
Can't we just call them muggles
Oh cool, thanks for the mail comparison. I wasn't really getting it before.
Hi Lloyd, @ 4.12 a drawback of this armour is that if someone thrusts a spear or sword or even better a thin dagger upwards, the point will easily go between those platelets. It might not be a lethal blow but hurt it will.... on a sidenote I was using a bllhook today to delete a tree and I found myself explaining the difrences between an English Billhook, a hallibert and a beque du corbin to an eleven year old.
6:31 It's an employee name tag. The man who first wore the armour was called Carl.