Engineering cells to live longer
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- Опубліковано 29 чер 2024
- You’re playing a game. You’re in a boat that has to keep moving when you come to a two way junction. Steer left and you will fall of a cliff face and die, steer right and you will come across some very hungry bears. It’s not looking great. So, what will it be? left or right?
Well, it turns out both paths are gated and the other closes once you make your decision…but it takes a bit of time for the gate to close. You have an idea. What if you go one way, then immediately turn around and chose the other side - you can do this decision flipping faster than the gates can close and so by oscillating between you effectively remain perpetuating in a state of indecision.
What if we could apply similar logic to prevent two paths of aging within a cell? Would that even be possible? What would that tell us if it was possible?
The story starts with an observation that was published in 2020. In this paper, they presented that yeast cells show two different forms of aging - either they slow down the biosynthesis of heme which results in mitochondrial dysfunction, or they lose the ability to cause silencing of ribosomal DNA. For now, you don’t need to fully understand how the yeast, just appreciate that there are these two mechanisms, and two key protein players involved in there regulation: Sir2 controls the gene silencing, while Hap4 controls heme production - so, like how you could go left or right in the game example at the start of the video and that either event occurs and the cell is committed to it. How clever to have mentioned it at the start.
So, like in the game, the question was raised? What controls which path is taken, and can you manipulate yeast such that they prolong this decision and live longer?
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TIMESTAMPS:
Intro - 00:00
Aging circuits in yeast - 01:30
Engineering yeast cells to live longer - 03:45
Insights - 07:44
References:
Engineering longevity-design of a synthetic gene oscillator to slow cellular aging - doi.org/10.1126/science.add7631
Please note that The Sheekey Science Show is distinct from Eleanor Sheekey's teaching and research roles at the University of Cambridge. The information provided in this show is not medical advice, nor should it be taken or applied as a replacement for medical advice. The Sheekey Science Show and guests assume no liability for the application of the information discussed.
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messed up my audio a bit here...i just got too excited to talk about this paper
Very interesting. The reason we age is because there has been no evolutionary reason to make a lifeform that lives forever, once we've lived long enough to reproduce that's it as far as our genes are concerned we're done. if we want to live forever we'll have to solve different aging problems in about 300 different tissues in such a way that causes no cancers or serious adverse effects. It's a mammoth task that is seriously underfunded.
agree 100%.
Aging is imo the root cause of most of our problems.
(?) Nature already gave us the Bowhead Whale that lives 230 years with 500 times our cell number. So it has 1000 times our cancer control. And they're still breaking 15 feet of ice with their back when they're 230... that's not "forever", but it's a hell of a lot better than we do.
we have 300 different tissues??!!! 😯😯
We can live forever as an AI generated you 🎉
@@PaulSchwarzer-ou9sw The biggest reason why people hates singles, widowed, childless, and unmarried peoples as we get older. Time is a curse to all of us because of aging.
Fantastic summary of the paper, as you always manage to do! I wonder if the fast moving AI developments could somehow aid in analyzing the potential oscillating elements of these gene circuits within mammalian cells...
"Could be something very well worth pursuing".... understatement of the year!
Haha, yeah that's my Britishness summarised
We can live longer like those of immortal jellyfish. They do not question their purpose as they are only there to live their lives in peace for a very long time. I like to be one of them and nothing to worry about getting old or any sort of marital status whatsoever.
LOVEyour diagrams and little animated cutaways -
With the exponential advances of longevity science , at age 69 I’m hopeful a “epigenetic reset “ will will be developed using Yamanaka factors etc - it will in your lifetime . Just be sure your money lasts as long as you do
You may live longer, but in your old age you'll be indecisive and frightened of commitment.
Thank you, that was very informative.
Absolutely fascinating!!!
Most excellent, videos and papers like this provide positive motivation for the long term success of genetics to help humans 😄
Great video! I only recently learned about the exciting work from Nan Hao's lab.
if there is already a long-lived mutated strain of yeast which chooses either pathway, maybe gene oscillation applied to the mutants would make it live even longer?
Subscribed. 🙂
Notes on the post human transition - lifespans are growing through technology. As environmental pressures like population density, access to resources and environmental pollution direct our biology will future people be resilient enough to endure change?
thanks so much
What are your thoughts on cyclodextrin? Some have injected it themselves and stated it can remove both soft and hardened plaque in the arteries…… that seems to be what the animal studies show too. Is this too good to be true, do you think we can actually “clean” our arteries with it?
My cat is 1year old and i love her. Will these breakthroughs come soom enough so she may live twice as much??
Great presentation. Fantastic. Could you find out from those people, how the length of the cycle (the frequency of the switch) affects the life extension?
That's a really good question. I should also reach out to the group
So how can this be integrated with what has been said so far about hyperactivation of Sir2 increasing longevity? Is it that mitochondrial dysfunction is less damaging than the loss of gene silencing, so if instead of oscillating you push the system that way you still get a benefit above normal metabolism?
hmm even though the two genes switch between each other, their expressions still accumulate right? so aging will be slowed down but not stopped
💯🔥👍
I am saving money for my brain to be cut out in 2030 so I can become a robot.
And why would a species like yeast have two aging pathways? is this common?
have you heard of methyleneblue beeing a electron carrier?
Ha ha meditate for live longer 😜