Assalamoalikum The Quran states in surah Suaad ayah 29: " This is a blessed book Allah revealed to you o messenger so that people may reflect deeply on its signs and that people of understanding might derive lessons from it " SubhanAllah ❤
These videos are fascinating! Great work. Do we know which wife of pharaohs it would have been that made that dua mentioned in the Quran? Are there any records to indicate or give us a clue about it?
Allah Bless you Dr. you're always increasing our belief in the reality of the revelation of the Quran,it’s divine origins. Thank you for sharing it with us,I always make dua for you and your family
Thank you Professor. Your presentation reminds me of the miracle of the Quran and its historical accuracy with the briefest of words. You may have mentioned this in another lecture: In contrast to Asiya's prayer for a house in paradise and Allah's protection from the wrongdoers, Ramses II built Nefertari a tomb to deify her, with inscriptions throughout her tomb regarding guidance to paradise. This close parallel shows the Quran's in-depth knowledge of Pharaoh's practices, more than one thousand years before the discovery and translation of Nefertari's tomb.
Brother Luay, really appreciate your work ever since your first appearance on @bloggingtheology with Paul Williams, may God bless you and your wife and unite you both in Jannat al Firdaws
I thank Professor Louay Fatoohi for his approach and his knowledge of the Quranic and historical narrative, and may Allah bless him and reward him for all his work and his contribution to our better understanding of the Quranic narrative. But I must say that on this subject I do not agree with him, even if this opinion is the most widespread opinion in the Muslim world, but I do not agree with that. For me after research in this subject, the most candidate convincing for the pharaoh of the Exodus is Thumoses 3 who ruled from approximately 1504 BC to 1452 BC according to D.B Redford. This is in accordance with the biblical narrative also, and at this period Egypt did not have control over the east as in the time of Ramses 2. This pharaoh was the greatest conqueror of ancient Egypt, and he died relatively young compared to Ramses who died at 92 years old. I can't imagine a 92 year old man chasing a group of people on a carriage. And moreover he had a great wife named Satiah and who died during his reign, perhaps this Satiah is Assiah (may Allah have mercy on her) the virtuous wife of the pharaoh, who we know according to Islamic tradition is also died tortured by her husband (the pharaoh of the exodus) after he discovered her monotheism. Likewise, historians to this day do not understand why Amenhotep 4, known under the famous name of Ahkenaten, suddenly wanted to reform the Egyptian religion and adopt a form of solar monotheism, having reigned 1 century after Thutmoses 3, perhaps that he said to himself that the false Egyptian gods could not do anything against the one God of Musa (PBUH), and that we should no longer move towards this belief? so for me here is what happened in summary, around 1450 BC, the prophet Musa (PBUH) undertook with his disciples (a small number of individuals) to escape from Egypt in the night as God had ordered in Surah Ad Dukhan, and Pharaoh (Thumoses 3) realized this and quickly alerted his generals and main soldiers and they set out in pursuit of this group, and this is how he dies drowned by Allah (Swt) with his reduced army. Then the elites of the time perhaps hid this shame for themselves and especially to avoid any disorder in the kingdom, and decided to announce co-management with his son. Then his son, through extreme brutality (perhaps driven by a spirit of vengeance), will lead his people, and above all undertake military expeditions towards the region of Jerusalem (perhaps also out of revenge).and this secret remained hidden among the authorities until Akhenaten who, instead of wanting revenge, wanted to reform the Egyptian religion to make it resemble the religion of the Israelites Allah know best that just my opinion and i could be wrong.
I prefer Rameses II. You need to watch Louay Fatoohi's previous video where he makes a very strong argument against the two pharaoh theory. It's quite clear from Quranic verses that the pharaoh at the time of Moses' birth and at the time of Exodus was the same ruler. So he must have ruled for at least 40-50 years (the lifetiime of Moses until exodus). Your suggestion, Thutmose III who ruled for 54 years do qualify, but his first 22 years was along with his mother, so I am doubtful about his wife picking up Moses from Nile could be this person. Moreover I don't understand how having a young dead wife points to Asiya. May be there is a wife of Rameses got killed by him, but these pharaohs are notorious for not recording anything that goes against their honour. (They tried to destroy every single piece of evidence for Akhenaten because he renounced their religion). Moreover, since Satia died early on, invalidates her being Asiya because according to Islamic tradition, Asiya dies only after Moses started preaching which could be during the last decade of pharaoh's life. I do think Asiya's Egypitan name has to be Iset (sounds like Asiyat). It is silly to argue that Asiya refers to a completely different name Satia, unless they had other names too. Rameses had a wife named Isetnefret (the beautiful Iset), whose death is not recorded. Probably they hid it? May be it's a different wife. we don't know. There are other strong evidences as well, such as the location of Pir-Rameses (modern day Qantir) was close to the city where Israelites settled after Joseph brought them to Egypt according to the bible. The death of Rameses is not recorded in Egyptian history for obvious reasons (they don't record their disasters and failures), but we have evidence that his successor, Merneptah, abandoned Pir-Rameses and moved his capital further south to Memphis. Pir-Rameses was the greatest city in the world then. why would they abandon such a great city? My guess is that, when Rameses' army got drowned, he felt vulnerable to attacks from the Israelites and others. Your claim that a 92 year old pharaoh can't travel is not a conclusive evidence. Rameses was a warrior as well and he could move in chariots. A large hole in the mandibles of Rameses II could have been due to the impact during drowning in red sea. Regarding Akhenaten adopting a monotheistic belief, my theory is that he came right after the rule of Yusuf (Joseph) and was a convert to his religion. One evidence for this is that the God of Akhenaten was called Aten. (Akhenaten changed his name from Akhenamun to Akhenaten). Aten has been argued to be the name of the Israelite God, Adonai. This also implies that pharaoh of Moses should come after Akhenaten as Moses came after Joseph. There is a chance that Akhenaten was the grand son of prophet Joseph if we identify Joseph with Yuya, who ruled as a regent to Amenhotep III, a kid when he assumed power. My reason is the dream stele of Thutmose IV, which proves that he believed in the interpretation of dreams which could link him to the pharaoh of Joseph. (these are wild guesses, Allah knows best) I have a theory about Haman as well. I identify Haman with the title for the First Prophet of Amun (ḥm nṯr tpj n jmn). Look at the first two phrases, it is exactly pronounced as Haman. The first prophet of Amun is not a religious title alone, but rather, this person is the military commander as well as the head of the construction works, exactly as described in the Qur'an. Now if you check who was the First prophet during Rameses, the last one was named Bakenkhonsu. This guy also lived long, above 90 years. What is surprising is that he died in the same year of Rameses II. This is in line with the Qur'an, which says both fir'aun and haman were drowned in the red sea. Overall, I am convinced about Rameses II being the pharaoh of Moses. Pharaoh of Joseph is uncertain, the only evidence I have, the dream stele points to Thutmose IV. Allah knows best.
@@BinuJasim Thanks brother and may Allah reward you for your research and i respect your opinion. But you have not understood what i have said: First, thutmosès III reigned 54 years, from 1506 BC to 1452 BC according to some historian. So he has reigned also for at least 50 years. The second argument is that i have mentionned Satiah because the consonance, the sound is very similar to Asiya, so that Asiya could just be an Arabized form of Satiah. Additionally, it is well known now that Yusuf (PBUH) lived during the Hyksos era. By exploiting Quranic and biblical evidence, it is clear that its history took place during the Hyksos period, this Hyksos period ended in approximately 1570BC and Akhenaten lived and reigned IN 1350 BC , so there are at least 3 to 4 centuries between Akhenaten and Yusuf (PBUH).So to say that Akhenaten followed Joseph is not historically accurate. Moreover, at the time of Ramesses II, the political and geopolitical situation in the region made an exit from Egypt to the current West Bank improbable because Ramesses 2, and it is also well documented, established strong diplomatic ties with the Hittites after the battle. of Kadesh and this region was under his domination. The Israelites themselves must have suspected the fact that the Hittites, allies of Ramesses II, would surround them from the north and Ramesses II from the South and therefore were not going to risk going to this area. Moreover by adding to the argument the evidence taken from the Bible (even as we Muslims must not necessarily believe everything that the people of the book say) but this argument is also interesting because it converges towards the same thing, at the time of David in the Bible it was the year 400 after the exodus, I think that it was a significant element for these people that they necessarily established a calendar, the proof is that even in the Sirah of the prophet ( PBUH) when he arrived in Medina he found the Jews fasting on this day of leaving Egypt, so I don't think they can fast every year and forget to count the years. On this basis Mussa (PBUH) would have lived 400 before the year 1000 BC so around 1450 BC is a consistent date for the exodus.And taking 300 to 400 years of slavery in Egypt we come across the time of Yusuf (PBUH) who lived around 1750BC,in the midst of the domination of the Hyskos. But as always, Allah knows best
@@aboubakarsiddick2896 interesting. It's still inconclusive. I don't agree that Yusuf (PBUH) lived during the Hyksos even though this is the opinion of Mr. Fatoohi. I will rewatch his video to check the evidences. Does the Bible say that Musa (a.s.) lived 400 years before David? Asking because most Christian historians do think Rameses II is the pharaoh of exodus.
@@aboubakarsiddick2896 I don't know. The "haman" at the time of ramses ii died the year he died or close to his time. But the last "haman" during thutmose iii also served during amenhotep ii (although it may be that the egyptians simply fabricated their history to hide the shame since ramses ii also didn't die drowing according to their history). However even then dates don't perfectly align. But in any case, it seems like a wife with a close sounding name (although I think the actual Asiya is not recorded to hide shame), long reign, being worshipped as god while worshipping other gods, "hamam" guy who also worked as chief of craftmen related to gods - all of these apply to both? Correct me if I am wrong. You mentioned about old age of ramses ii and his power. I don't think those are relevant since any old guy can ride chariots and Moses defeated a guy with much greater power who seemed undefeatable due to Allah's help - that is one of the points of the story.
Salaam my brother and teacher Louay. I would like to suggest that awtad also mean the stakes used by Pharaoh to write his exploits and other historical events (steles). These are so many as to fit the title "Zil- awtad".
It will also be very interesting to identify the "wife of Fir'aun" mentioned in Qur'an 66:11 with a historical person in Egypt. It may shed light as to who the historical Fir'aun' really is.
The term awtad mentioned in Quran chapter Al Farjr verse 13 refers to structures which are not buildings. Mountains are not buildings but structures. These structures are being hoisted or lifted by floating. The Everest is being hoisted due to uplifting of the earth's crust. The earth looks curved becos of these uplift of the crust. Therefore, the earth was originally flat but is not seen flattened.
The “awtad” term has nothing to do with “how” natural mountains are formed or man-made buildings are constructed. It does not address the kind of details you mention. It refers to the height and size of those structures/buildings. This is what I show in the video. Also, one thing I did not mention in the video is that the term “bana”, which means “build/construct”, is used in the story of Pharaoh when the latter orders Haman to “build” for him a ṣarh, i.e. a tower/high building. I should have mentioned this in the video as it further supports my analysis. Finally, the term “bana” is used in the Qur’an to describe Allah’s creation of heaven (e.g. 51:47, 78:12). Again, it has nothing to do with “how” heavenly bodies are created. It only highlights the fact that it is Allah who built the impressive and gigantic heaven.
Salam. Interesting! I always thought ‘awtad’ is not well understood in the context of Pharoah and should be explained from within Quran to mean mountain like structures. Thus, I agree with your approach to define ‘awtad’. To my understanding firoun dhul awtad means Pharoah of the pyramids. Now pyramids were built during first dynasty long before Ramses. Why don’t you search for the Pharoah in that time line rather than being stuck with Ramses II?
Wa'alaykum al-salam. It is not a matter of sticking to a particular Pharaoh. See my other two vidoes in the series to understand why I think it is Ramesses II. Suggesting another Pharaoh would require providing at least as convincing arguments as I provide for Ramesses II.
@@louay.fatoohi Salam again. Watched the other. You seem to have based your thesis only on the length of Pharoah’s reign in a preselected narrow time frame. Rameses filled the criteria and you contend with him. I like your estimation of time span based on Quran. But the preselected time frame is not Quran based. Quran mentions of a king at the time of Prophet Yusuf PBUH. He doesn’t come in your equation. I suspect all these prophets lived long before what biblical scholars have estimated them to be.
@@waseemsstudy9140 Salam, The time in which Joseph lived is covered by the timeline I considered. Also, he was a king, not a Pharaoh, if you accept that the differentiation of the Qur’an between the two titles is significant, which I do. On a broader note, when you study ancient history, you have to use assumptions. When you think certain assumptions are too weak in their interpretative power, you need to come up with better ones. This means that if you think the Pharaoh in question was not Ramesses II, you have to idenity an alternative Pharaoh and show how he fits the Qur’anic and historical data better than Ramesses II does.
@@louay.fatoohi agree that Joseph’s king was not a Pharoah. But who was he? If your assumption about Rameses is correct, then he lived some 3500 years ago. Solomon ruled a mighty kingdom at some point after. Why is he missing historically together with his kingdom? An assumption to be valid has to pass various tests. It is simply not just lack of knowledge of another candidate’s existence that makes an assumption valid.
Salam Dr Fatoohi, inshallah all is well. I bought your book “The Mystery of Israel in Ancient Egypt” recently and have greatly enjoyed it as it covers a lot of the topics in your videos. One part I am confused on though is when you mention that the Quran does not affirm the biblical narrative that the Israelites “borrowed jewelry from the Egyptians” before embarking on their exodus. I am confused because in Chapter 20 verse 87, it seems that the Israelites complain about jewelry that they threw away to Al Samiri that they claim they got from the Egyptians no? Hope you can help me clarify this as I couldn’t find this addressed in the book. Jazakallah
Wa’alaykum al-salam wa rahmatu Allah wa barakatuh. Thank you for your interest in my book. I am delighted that you enjoyed it. As you would have read in our book, we mentioned several logical reasons as to why this Biblical claim could not be historical. But you make a very good observation about the Qur’anic references that needs addressing. The zīna (ornaments) in 20:87 is described as being “zīnatu al-qawm” (ornaments of the people). The verse does not identify those “people”, so there is no indication that it is a reference to the Egyptians. Verse 7:147 uses the word “ḥuliyyihim” (their jewellery), but the reference here is unambiguous to the “qawmu Mūsā” (the people of Moses). So, the “people” who are unidentified in 20:87 are the same people who are identified in 7:147 as being some of Moses’ followers. Also, 20:87 implies that only some of Moses’ followers had that zīna/ḥuliyya. It is not possible to tell where they got them from and in what manners, but the Biblical claim simply fails the test of reason and common sense on multiple counts. For instance, some non-Israelites are likely to have left Egypt with Moses, as we know some Egyptians did embrace his message. I hope this helps.
Assalamualaikum, There's yet another verse that precisely supports this observation, (Pharaoh said: O Chiefs! No god do I know for you but myself: therefore, o Haman! Light me a (kiln to bake bricks) out of clay, and build me a lofty palace, that I may mount up to the god of Moses: but as far as I am concerned, I think (Moses) is a liar! ) ( al-qasas, verse 38)
I wonder what you think about the idea of obelisk specifically? It is probably the most literal example of “awtad” and my understanding is that Ramesis II built more obelisks than any other pharoah. I wonder too about how this may connect to HAMAN building for pharoa a tower to see the God of moses, as obelisks are religious symbols meanf to connect heaven and earth…this is just a speculation on my part, but i feel the initial point of the pharoah “of the obelisks” as an identifier is quite interesting especially when attached to the specific mention of the deafication mentioned in a Naziat you start to get a confluence of miraculously specific and unique identifiers absent from earlier scriptures
Ramesses II built many obelisks. Most of these were small but the two at the Luxor Temple were large. Pharaoh calls the specific building that he ordered Haman to erect a "sarh". The role of this particular building is significant in the story of Moses. At the same time, it is in the singular, not plural. As I mentioned in the video, the sets of verses that I find more likely to explain awtād are the following: - Linking the loft pillars of Iram, Thamūd’s cutting rocks in the valley to erect buildings, and Pharaoh’s awtād (al-Fajr 89:13). - Describing the the mountains awtād (al-Nabaʾ 78:7). - The prayer of Pharaoh’s wife (al-Taḥrīm 66:11). Obelisks may be included under the term “awtād” but cross-referencing different verses suggests that awtād refers to high buildings in general, including temples, mortuaries, and statues.
It is specifically the title of Egyption kings, not a generic Arabic word. However, it later developed in Arabic the general meaning of "tyrant", influenced by the Qur'anic image of the Pharah of Moses.
Salaam. Thank you. By the way will you be doing a video on the Qur'an and it's miracle in describing the companions of Jesus as 'al hawariyoun' ? Muhammad Asad believes it was referring to the Essenes, who may have worn white as a sign of purity
Dr Louay, can you tell us how this is a proof that God exists and that the Qur'an is from him. You are just telling me something that's written in the quran, what proof is that? Please explain clearly why you say this is proof.
Assalamoalikum
The Quran states in surah Suaad ayah 29:
" This is a blessed book Allah revealed to you o messenger so that people may reflect deeply on its signs and that people of understanding might derive lessons from it "
SubhanAllah ❤
Masha Allah so good presentation
I wait for your coming episodes.
Very rich and entertaining. The approach is unique as well and the analysis is deep and well supported.
Thank you. Glad you liked it.
These videos are fascinating! Great work. Do we know which wife of pharaohs it would have been that made that dua mentioned in the Quran? Are there any records to indicate or give us a clue about it?
Allah Bless you Dr. you're always increasing our belief in the reality of the revelation of the Quran,it’s divine origins. Thank you for sharing it with us,I always make dua for you and your family
Thank you brother.
Allahuma Barik Brother Louay, this video, along with all of your others, have been wonderful.
Thank you. Glad you liked it.
Wow mind boggling. The human obsession with the tall buildings from history to this day. Isn’t it astounding
Thank you Professor. Your presentation reminds me of the miracle of the Quran and its historical accuracy with the briefest of words. You may have mentioned this in another lecture: In contrast to Asiya's prayer for a house in paradise and Allah's protection from the wrongdoers, Ramses II built Nefertari a tomb to deify her, with inscriptions throughout her tomb regarding guidance to paradise. This close parallel shows the Quran's in-depth knowledge of Pharaoh's practices, more than one thousand years before the discovery and translation of Nefertari's tomb.
I discuss the account of Pharaoh's wife in this in this video as well.
Brother Luay, really appreciate your work ever since your first appearance on @bloggingtheology with Paul Williams, may God bless you and your wife and unite you both in Jannat al Firdaws
Thank you, brother!
The amazing Egyptian historical coverage by the Quran is one of its greatest proofs for me personally.
These videos are amazing and love them very much! I just hope there is more historical content like this in the Quran :)
Jazaka Allah ou khayran
I thank Professor Louay Fatoohi for his approach and his knowledge of the Quranic and historical narrative, and may Allah bless him and reward him for all his work and his contribution to our better understanding of the Quranic narrative. But I must say that on this subject I do not agree with him, even if this opinion is the most widespread opinion in the Muslim world, but I do not agree with that.
For me after research in this subject, the most candidate convincing for the pharaoh of the Exodus is Thumoses 3 who ruled from approximately 1504 BC to 1452 BC according to D.B Redford. This is in accordance with the biblical narrative also, and at this period Egypt did not have control over the east as in the time of Ramses 2.
This pharaoh was the greatest conqueror of ancient Egypt, and he died relatively young compared to Ramses who died at 92 years old. I can't imagine a 92 year old man chasing a group of people on a carriage.
And moreover he had a great wife named Satiah and who died during his reign, perhaps this Satiah is Assiah (may Allah have mercy on her) the virtuous wife of the pharaoh, who we know according to Islamic tradition is also died tortured by her husband (the pharaoh of the exodus) after he discovered her monotheism.
Likewise, historians to this day do not understand why Amenhotep 4, known under the famous name of Ahkenaten, suddenly wanted to reform the Egyptian religion and adopt a form of solar monotheism, having reigned 1 century after Thutmoses 3, perhaps that he said to himself that the false Egyptian gods could not do anything against the one God of Musa (PBUH), and that we should no longer move towards this belief?
so for me here is what happened in summary, around 1450 BC, the prophet Musa (PBUH) undertook with his disciples (a small number of individuals) to escape from Egypt in the night as God had ordered in Surah Ad Dukhan, and Pharaoh (Thumoses 3) realized this and quickly alerted his generals and main soldiers and they set out in pursuit of this group, and this is how he dies drowned by Allah (Swt) with his reduced army. Then the elites of the time perhaps hid this shame for themselves and especially to avoid any disorder in the kingdom, and decided to announce co-management with his son. Then his son, through extreme brutality (perhaps driven by a spirit of vengeance), will lead his people, and above all undertake military expeditions towards the region of Jerusalem (perhaps also out of revenge).and this secret remained hidden among the authorities until Akhenaten who, instead of wanting revenge, wanted to reform the Egyptian religion to make it resemble the religion of the Israelites
Allah know best that just my opinion and i could be wrong.
I prefer Rameses II. You need to watch Louay Fatoohi's previous video where he makes a very strong argument against the two pharaoh theory. It's quite clear from Quranic verses that the pharaoh at the time of Moses' birth and at the time of Exodus was the same ruler. So he must have ruled for at least 40-50 years (the lifetiime of Moses until exodus). Your suggestion, Thutmose III who ruled for 54 years do qualify, but his first 22 years was along with his mother, so I am doubtful about his wife picking up Moses from Nile could be this person. Moreover I don't understand how having a young dead wife points to Asiya. May be there is a wife of Rameses got killed by him, but these pharaohs are notorious for not recording anything that goes against their honour. (They tried to destroy every single piece of evidence for Akhenaten because he renounced their religion). Moreover, since Satia died early on, invalidates her being Asiya because according to Islamic tradition, Asiya dies only after Moses started preaching which could be during the last decade of pharaoh's life. I do think Asiya's Egypitan name has to be Iset (sounds like Asiyat). It is silly to argue that Asiya refers to a completely different name Satia, unless they had other names too. Rameses had a wife named Isetnefret (the beautiful Iset), whose death is not recorded. Probably they hid it? May be it's a different wife. we don't know.
There are other strong evidences as well, such as the location of Pir-Rameses (modern day Qantir) was close to the city where Israelites settled after Joseph brought them to Egypt according to the bible. The death of Rameses is not recorded in Egyptian history for obvious reasons (they don't record their disasters and failures), but we have evidence that his successor, Merneptah, abandoned Pir-Rameses and moved his capital further south to Memphis. Pir-Rameses was the greatest city in the world then. why would they abandon such a great city? My guess is that, when Rameses' army got drowned, he felt vulnerable to attacks from the Israelites and others. Your claim that a 92 year old pharaoh can't travel is not a conclusive evidence. Rameses was a warrior as well and he could move in chariots. A large hole in the mandibles of Rameses II could have been due to the impact during drowning in red sea.
Regarding Akhenaten adopting a monotheistic belief, my theory is that he came right after the rule of Yusuf (Joseph) and was a convert to his religion. One evidence for this is that the God of Akhenaten was called Aten. (Akhenaten changed his name from Akhenamun to Akhenaten). Aten has been argued to be the name of the Israelite God, Adonai. This also implies that pharaoh of Moses should come after Akhenaten as Moses came after Joseph. There is a chance that Akhenaten was the grand son of prophet Joseph if we identify Joseph with Yuya, who ruled as a regent to Amenhotep III, a kid when he assumed power. My reason is the dream stele of Thutmose IV, which proves that he believed in the interpretation of dreams which could link him to the pharaoh of Joseph. (these are wild guesses, Allah knows best)
I have a theory about Haman as well. I identify Haman with the title for the First Prophet of Amun (ḥm nṯr tpj n jmn). Look at the first two phrases, it is exactly pronounced as Haman. The first prophet of Amun is not a religious title alone, but rather, this person is the military commander as well as the head of the construction works, exactly as described in the Qur'an. Now if you check who was the First prophet during Rameses, the last one was named Bakenkhonsu. This guy also lived long, above 90 years. What is surprising is that he died in the same year of Rameses II. This is in line with the Qur'an, which says both fir'aun and haman were drowned in the red sea.
Overall, I am convinced about Rameses II being the pharaoh of Moses. Pharaoh of Joseph is uncertain, the only evidence I have, the dream stele points to Thutmose IV. Allah knows best.
@@BinuJasim Thanks brother and may Allah reward you for your research and i respect your opinion. But you have not understood what i have said:
First, thutmosès III reigned 54 years, from 1506 BC to 1452 BC according to some historian. So he has reigned also for at least 50 years.
The second argument is that i have mentionned Satiah because the consonance, the sound is very similar to Asiya, so that Asiya could just be an Arabized form of Satiah.
Additionally, it is well known now that Yusuf (PBUH) lived during the Hyksos era. By exploiting Quranic and biblical evidence, it is clear that its history took place during the Hyksos period, this Hyksos period ended in approximately 1570BC and Akhenaten lived and reigned IN 1350 BC , so there are at least 3 to 4 centuries between Akhenaten and Yusuf (PBUH).So to say that Akhenaten followed Joseph is not historically accurate.
Moreover, at the time of Ramesses II, the political and geopolitical situation in the region made an exit from Egypt to the current West Bank improbable because Ramesses 2, and it is also well documented, established strong diplomatic ties with the Hittites after the battle. of Kadesh and this region was under his domination. The Israelites themselves must have suspected the fact that the Hittites, allies of Ramesses II, would surround them from the north and Ramesses II from the South and therefore were not going to risk going to this area.
Moreover by adding to the argument the evidence taken from the Bible (even as we Muslims must not necessarily believe everything that the people of the book say) but this argument is also interesting because it converges towards the same thing, at the time of David in the Bible it was the year 400 after the exodus, I think that it was a significant element for these people that they necessarily established a calendar, the proof is that even in the Sirah of the prophet ( PBUH) when he arrived in Medina he found the Jews fasting on this day of leaving Egypt, so I don't think they can fast every year and forget to count the years. On this basis Mussa (PBUH) would have lived 400 before the year 1000 BC so around 1450 BC is a consistent date for the exodus.And taking 300 to 400 years of slavery in Egypt we come across the time of Yusuf (PBUH) who lived around 1750BC,in the midst of the domination of the Hyskos.
But as always, Allah knows best
@@aboubakarsiddick2896 interesting. It's still inconclusive. I don't agree that Yusuf (PBUH) lived during the Hyksos even though this is the opinion of Mr. Fatoohi. I will rewatch his video to check the evidences.
Does the Bible say that Musa (a.s.) lived 400 years before David? Asking because most Christian historians do think Rameses II is the pharaoh of exodus.
@@aboubakarsiddick2896
I don't know. The "haman" at the time of ramses ii died the year he died or close to his time. But the last "haman" during thutmose iii also served during amenhotep ii (although it may be that the egyptians simply fabricated their history to hide the shame since ramses ii also didn't die drowing according to their history). However even then dates don't perfectly align.
But in any case, it seems like a wife with a close sounding name (although I think the actual Asiya is not recorded to hide shame), long reign, being worshipped as god while worshipping other gods, "hamam" guy who also worked as chief of craftmen related to gods - all of these apply to both? Correct me if I am wrong.
You mentioned about old age of ramses ii and his power. I don't think those are relevant since any old guy can ride chariots and Moses defeated a guy with much greater power who seemed undefeatable due to Allah's help - that is one of the points of the story.
Assalamu ‘Alaikum sir.
What is your opinion on Asiya pbuh, the wife of the pharaoh. Historically who could be her?
Salaam my brother and teacher Louay. I would like to suggest that awtad also mean the stakes used by Pharaoh to write his exploits and other historical events (steles). These are so many as to fit the title "Zil- awtad".
Allah knows best.
It will also be very interesting to identify the "wife of Fir'aun" mentioned in Qur'an 66:11 with a historical person in Egypt. It may shed light as to who the historical Fir'aun' really is.
May Allah increase us in knowledge. Your work is wonderful my brother.
اشهد ان لا اله إلا الله واشهد أن محمد رسول الله
I became a Muslim at 43, everyday I come upon facts that assure me that I didn't make a mistake!
The term awtad mentioned in Quran chapter Al Farjr verse 13 refers to structures which are not buildings. Mountains are not buildings but structures.
These structures are being hoisted or lifted by floating. The Everest is being hoisted due to uplifting of the earth's crust.
The earth looks curved becos of these uplift of the crust.
Therefore, the earth was originally flat but is not seen flattened.
The “awtad” term has nothing to do with “how” natural mountains are formed or man-made buildings are constructed. It does not address the kind of details you mention. It refers to the height and size of those structures/buildings. This is what I show in the video.
Also, one thing I did not mention in the video is that the term “bana”, which means “build/construct”, is used in the story of Pharaoh when the latter orders Haman to “build” for him a ṣarh, i.e. a tower/high building. I should have mentioned this in the video as it further supports my analysis.
Finally, the term “bana” is used in the Qur’an to describe Allah’s creation of heaven (e.g. 51:47, 78:12). Again, it has nothing to do with “how” heavenly bodies are created. It only highlights the fact that it is Allah who built the impressive and gigantic heaven.
Salam. Interesting! I always thought ‘awtad’ is not well understood in the context of Pharoah and should be explained from within Quran to mean mountain like structures. Thus, I agree with your approach to define ‘awtad’. To my understanding firoun dhul awtad means Pharoah of the pyramids. Now pyramids were built during first dynasty long before Ramses. Why don’t you search for the Pharoah in that time line rather than being stuck with Ramses II?
Wa'alaykum al-salam. It is not a matter of sticking to a particular Pharaoh. See my other two vidoes in the series to understand why I think it is Ramesses II. Suggesting another Pharaoh would require providing at least as convincing arguments as I provide for Ramesses II.
@@louay.fatoohi Salam again. Watched the other. You seem to have based your thesis only on the length of Pharoah’s reign in a preselected narrow time frame. Rameses filled the criteria and you contend with him. I like your estimation of time span based on Quran. But the preselected time frame is not Quran based. Quran mentions of a king at the time of Prophet Yusuf PBUH. He doesn’t come in your equation. I suspect all these prophets lived long before what biblical scholars have estimated them to be.
@@waseemsstudy9140 Salam,
The time in which Joseph lived is covered by the timeline I considered. Also, he was a king, not a Pharaoh, if you accept that the differentiation of the Qur’an between the two titles is significant, which I do.
On a broader note, when you study ancient history, you have to use assumptions. When you think certain assumptions are too weak in their interpretative power, you need to come up with better ones. This means that if you think the Pharaoh in question was not Ramesses II, you have to idenity an alternative Pharaoh and show how he fits the Qur’anic and historical data better than Ramesses II does.
@@louay.fatoohi agree that Joseph’s king was not a Pharoah. But who was he? If your assumption about Rameses is correct, then he lived some 3500 years ago. Solomon ruled a mighty kingdom at some point after. Why is he missing historically together with his kingdom? An assumption to be valid has to pass various tests. It is simply not just lack of knowledge of another candidate’s existence that makes an assumption valid.
Salam Dr Fatoohi, inshallah all is well. I bought your book “The Mystery of Israel in Ancient Egypt” recently and have greatly enjoyed it as it covers a lot of the topics in your videos. One part I am confused on though is when you mention that the Quran does not affirm the biblical narrative that the Israelites “borrowed jewelry from the Egyptians” before embarking on their exodus. I am confused because in Chapter 20 verse 87, it seems that the Israelites complain about jewelry that they threw away to Al Samiri that they claim they got from the Egyptians no? Hope you can help me clarify this as I couldn’t find this addressed in the book. Jazakallah
Wa’alaykum al-salam wa rahmatu Allah wa barakatuh. Thank you for your interest in my book. I am delighted that you enjoyed it.
As you would have read in our book, we mentioned several logical reasons as to why this Biblical claim could not be historical. But you make a very good observation about the Qur’anic references that needs addressing.
The zīna (ornaments) in 20:87 is described as being “zīnatu al-qawm” (ornaments of the people). The verse does not identify those “people”, so there is no indication that it is a reference to the Egyptians. Verse 7:147 uses the word “ḥuliyyihim” (their jewellery), but the reference here is unambiguous to the “qawmu Mūsā” (the people of Moses). So, the “people” who are unidentified in 20:87 are the same people who are identified in 7:147 as being some of Moses’ followers.
Also, 20:87 implies that only some of Moses’ followers had that zīna/ḥuliyya. It is not possible to tell where they got them from and in what manners, but the Biblical claim simply fails the test of reason and common sense on multiple counts. For instance, some non-Israelites are likely to have left Egypt with Moses, as we know some Egyptians did embrace his message.
I hope this helps.
Assalamualaikum,
There's yet another verse that precisely supports this observation,
(Pharaoh said: O Chiefs! No god do I know for you but myself: therefore, o Haman! Light me a (kiln to bake bricks) out of clay, and build me a lofty palace, that I may mount up to the god of Moses: but as far as I am concerned, I think (Moses) is a liar! )
( al-qasas, verse 38)
I wonder what you think about the idea of obelisk specifically? It is probably the most literal example of “awtad” and my understanding is that Ramesis II built more obelisks than any other pharoah.
I wonder too about how this may connect to HAMAN building for pharoa a tower to see the God of moses, as obelisks are religious symbols meanf to connect heaven and earth…this is just a speculation on my part, but i feel the initial point of the pharoah “of the obelisks” as an identifier is quite interesting especially when attached to the specific mention of the deafication mentioned in a Naziat you start to get a confluence of miraculously specific and unique identifiers absent from earlier scriptures
Ramesses II built many obelisks. Most of these were small but the two at the Luxor Temple were large. Pharaoh calls the specific building that he ordered Haman to erect a "sarh". The role of this particular building is significant in the story of Moses. At the same time, it is in the singular, not plural.
As I mentioned in the video, the sets of verses that I find more likely to explain awtād are the following:
- Linking the loft pillars of Iram, Thamūd’s cutting rocks in the valley to erect buildings, and Pharaoh’s awtād (al-Fajr 89:13).
- Describing the the mountains awtād (al-Nabaʾ 78:7).
- The prayer of Pharaoh’s wife (al-Taḥrīm 66:11).
Obelisks may be included under the term “awtād” but cross-referencing different verses suggests that awtād refers to high buildings in general, including temples, mortuaries, and statues.
Aboubakarsiddick- yes you may be wrong. I agree with Louay and many other scholars on the identity of Pharaoh as Rameses 2
Interesting
❤❤
Does anyone know if the Quranic term 'firoun' only applies to Egyptian kings or is it a generic word in Arabic?
It is specifically the title of Egyption kings, not a generic Arabic word. However, it later developed in Arabic the general meaning of "tyrant", influenced by the Qur'anic image of the Pharah of Moses.
Salaam. Thank you. By the way will you be doing a video on the Qur'an and it's miracle in describing the companions of Jesus as 'al hawariyoun' ? Muhammad Asad believes it was referring to the Essenes, who may have worn white as a sign of purity
السلام عليكم من بغداد.
Wa'alaykum al-salam wa rahmatu Allah wa barakatuh.
Isn’t awtad means stake or spikes?
Yes, stakes, spikes or pegs.
Dr Louay, can you tell us how this is a proof that God exists and that the Qur'an is from him. You are just telling me something that's written in the quran, what proof is that? Please explain clearly why you say this is proof.
The earth is flat but not flattened
I love you for the sake of Allah dr louay fotoohi