Coombs Test Made Simple

GET LECTURE HANDOUTS and other DOWNLOADABLE CONTENT FROM THIS VIDEO
SUPPORT US ON PATREON OR JOIN HERE ON UA-cam.
/ medsimplified
A Coombs test (also known as Coombs' test, antiglobulin test or AGT) is either of two clinical blood tests used in immunohematology and immunology. The two Coombs tests are the direct Coombs test (DCT, also known as direct antiglobulin test or DAT), and the indirect Coombs test (also known as indirect antiglobulin test or IAT).
The direct Coombs test is used to test for autoimmune hemolytic anemia; i.e., a condition of a low count of red blood cells (aka RBCs) caused by immune system lysis or breaking of RBC membranes causing RBC destruction.
In certain diseases or conditions, an individual's blood may contain IgG antibodies that can specifically bind to antigens on the RBC surface membrane, and their circulating RBCs can become coated with IgG alloantibodies and/or IgG autoantibodies. Complement proteins may subsequently bind to the bound antibodies and cause RBC destruction.[1] The direct Coombs test is used to detect these antibodies or complement proteins that are bound to the surface of red blood cells; a blood sample is taken and the RBCs are washed (removing the patient's own plasma) and then incubated with anti-human globulin (also known as "Coombs reagent"). If this produces agglutination of RBCs, the direct Coombs test is positive, a visual indication that antibodies (and/or complement proteins) are bound to the surface of red blood cells.
The indirect Coombs test is used in prenatal testing of pregnant women and in testing blood prior to a blood transfusion. It detects antibodies against RBCs that are present unbound in the patient's serum. In this case, serum is extracted from the blood sample taken from the patient. Then, the serum is incubated with RBCs of known antigenicity; that is, RBCs with known reference values from other patient blood samples. If agglutination occurs, the indirect Coombs test is positive.[2]
The two Coombs tests are based on the fact that anti-human antibodies, which are produced by immunizing non-human species with human serum, will bind to human antibodies, commonly IgG or IgM. Animal anti-human antibodies will also bind to human antibodies that may be fixed onto antigens on the surface of red blood cells (also referred to as RBCs), and in the appropriate test tube conditions this can lead to agglutination of RBCs. The phenomenon of agglutination of RBCs is important here, because the resulting clumping of RBCs can be visualised; when clumping is seen the test is positive and when clumping is not seen the test is negative.
Common clinical uses of the Coombs test include the preparation of blood for transfusion in cross-matching, screening for atypical antibodies in the blood plasma of pregnant women as part of antenatal care, and detection of antibodies for the diagnosis of immune-mediated haemolytic anemias.
Examples of alloimmune hemolysis[edit]
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (also known as HDN or erythroblastosis fetalis)
Rh D hemolytic disease of the newborn (also known as Rh disease)
ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn (the indirect Coombs test may only be weakly positive)
Anti-Kell hemolytic disease of the newborn
Rh c hemolytic disease of the newborn
Rh E hemolytic disease of the newborn
wikipidea
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_...
Watch Again
• Coombs Test Made Simple
Subscribe
/ @medsimplified
~-~~-~~~-~~-~
CHECK OUT NEWEST VIDEO: "Nucleic acids - DNA and RNA structure "
• Nucleic acids - DNA an...
~-~~-~~~-~~-~

[@rashaalnujaidi7668]

"The average teacher explains complexity; the gifted teacher reveals simplicity “. R. Brault

[@MEDSimplified]

+Rasha AlNujaidi thanks 😍

[@jacobinaanti4506]

Exactly!

[@megapunchboy]

Premium video with a premium source of happiness comment

[@Docabha]

Now I'll never forget it...
* Watches it again after a month

[@tenochtitilian]

Best part of the video: "please don't ask me what kind of animal this is"

[@UtubeJunkie81]

It just is :) (no offense.. great work though!)

[@AliceNLi]

IT JUST IS. :p

[@aliyahali4299]

hahahhaa. best part of video for me too! love the drawings. lol

[@ROH_R]

tenochtitilian Usually rabbits

[@jishaayush1147]

Rabit

[@zunairmushtaq5888]

at last some one had the brain of recording the video and sound separately so that one can fasten the writing part while explain at normal speed . excellent work

[@MEDSimplified]

+Zunair Mushtaq Haha.. Thank you so much Zunair

[@josephmohrbacher7640]

This video finally helped me understand the rationale behind the indirect version of the test (the mother's RBCs wouldn't be Rh+, so we need to introduce Rh+ RBCs from an external source in order to test for anti-Rh antibodies) Finally makes sense-- thank you so much!

[@moniashek2137]

Stop apologising for your drawings!!! You make amazing, helpful videos, no need for any apology!

[@Tazz739]

my exam is in 30 minutes and this last minute revision to help jog my memory was much needed from this very understandable video. Thank you so much, I've subscribed!

[@apoorvanirmal6402]

this is my repeat video! I watch it every few months because I keep forgetting DCT and IDCT

[@roythomasful]

This was an excellent display. When something is understood clearly, it becomes easy to explain it. Please keep up this good work!

[@MEDSimplified]

+Roy Thomas Thank you Roy for such kind words

[@mfundokunene3682]

the same from me, great work

[@giovanamelofaria1292]

Thank you so much! Your explanation was really amazing and helped me to FINALLY understand what is a IAT and a DAT.

[@seemasingh-vu9qv]

Best in this video is your speed of speaking... best tutor I hv ever found on you tube...

[@jacklynjoseph4949]

WOW SO SIMPLE TO UNDERSTAND....THANKS ALOT!!!

[@debistutisaha4170]

Thank you so much! You made the understanding so easy and smooth, lucky to have found this video.

[@ibrahimduygu6644]

it's awesome!!I was trying to understand the mechanism of coombs tests and this helps me get it easily.Really thank you so much..

[@Rotzfresh89]

Thank you for the crystal clear explanation. Much appreciated

[@sarikaverma1054]

Got it very clear.
Thanks for the simple and amazing explanation :)

[@elifif12]

this was the best video that ı ever seen about the coombs test, thank you for made it easy to us

[@aparnagangoli1723]

excellent presentation. Very lucid and easy to understand. Thank you.

[@jenniferwilliamson6316]

This helped me heaps for uni, not confusing anymore. thank you.

[@abhilashaverma9677]

Excellent video! Thank you so much😊

[@me-yf3cb]

Best video on coombs test and thanks a lot for making this

[@havealovelyday6497]

Thanks for making this so easy!

[@dr.arunkumarpatil3813]

Perfect , simplified and complete explanation

[@02vaishali]

This was really helpful! Please do post more

[@Reem-nm9yr]

Amazing video! Thank you for sharing it.

[@payalsharma651]

Excellent video. basics well explained !! the cartoons kept it interesting as well as generated clarity !! thanks

[@drsanjuhazra4610]

I wrote all the points and line diagrams on my notebook...loved it...keep ur good work sir

[@dr.poonamrohilla1234]

Thanks for making dis so easy..really appreciable work

[@moreiravinicius]

Brilliant, mate! Just what I needed, this is awesome!

[@MEDSimplified]

+Vinicius Moreira glad you found it he
Helpful!
Support by subscribing our channel

[@ali_haq20]

Wonderful explanation. Thank you so much!

[@jeangrey1145]

v good job. thanks for takin the time to make it easy.

[@majateoharevic4569]

Great video! Easy to follow and understand!

[@drheenakhan9755]

Beautifully explained ❤️ keep it up!

[@sruthisaravanan1342]

So easy to understand!! Thank you 😊

[@yuwang2619]

thanks from Taiwan : )
it helps a lot !

[@loshinidesilva720]

Thank you very much you taught me a concept who I got struggled for months very clear in 6min

[@rutabaarif1512]

Thank you!! you're a great teacher

[@thesaferis9284]

I found this useful to lots of people including me.. Thank you for the knowledge..

[@asmookypooky]

this video has the most amazing explanation thank you so much ily

[@Sydneykittens]

Many thanks for this nice video, much appreciated

[@teintenoire5971]

You are so funny! LOOL! I have not even finished the video but I subscribed at "please don't ask me what kind of animal this is"

[@mariaalizae4543]

Thankyou soo much for making it so clear and easy

[@misslini400]

Thanks for this video, nicely done

[@kasturibhogle6731]

Thank you so much for the excellent explanation!!!

[@marwabenzarti8953]

Thank you very much. This was really helpful

[@wwdianagutierrez]

GREAT HELP , THANKS FOR SHARING.

[@aakarshm6267]

Simple and precise.. Great work sir

[@sashahanna3792]

Omg!!This Explanation is Great...!!!!Very Amazing...Thanks for Uploading!

[@MEDSimplified]

You are very welcome 🥰

[@meenabarot2037]

excellent presentation!!!

[@b_h_a_v_a_n_a]

such a clear explanation ..thank you !

[@physiotherapistan-v]

thankyou this was helpful and easy to understand !!!!!!!!!!

[@rajaniprabhu1160]

I typed coombs test on youtube n ur vdo came out first..n I almost screamed with happiness..as I was sure the concept would get clear with ur guidance.. But I was surprised this vdo to b old (n yet the quality is just amazing) thank u for sharing ur knowledge .. U r best 🙂🙂🙂

[@olenatymchenko7617]

Thank you, great explanation!

[@pvrameshrao3931]

Highly informative..keep 'em coming 😊

[@sujathareddy5508]

Best video so far
Thank you :)

[@samershadi4150]

This was very helpful thank you very much

[@FirdausFazreen]

Very easy to understand! Thank you sir

[@abdullaali3834]

Very informative, really fantastic explanation.

[@barshathapa3208]

awesomely explained,,, thank you very much!

[@mansigupta4078]

So nicely explained, thankyou!

[@irfand4]

Doagrams and explanation were great

[@sugamshrestha5488]

thank you soo much for such wonderful explaination.

[@kawinewmai]

Nicely made . Thank you

[@gautamjuneja4209]

Such an Awesome Explanation 🥺💖

[@Rvmaysa]

Life saving. Thank you.

[@annamarie6712]

Thanks for the explanation, love the drawings :)

[@MEDSimplified]

Hah..thanks

[@jswum]

excellent video, thank you.

[@ammu8800]

Explained excellently....👌

[@alinamandani6117]

Amazing explanation!

[@anikmuhari1743]

Excellent presentation

[@extraspicy9951]

thank u for the video, sir. really helpful

[@nha8909]

thank you very muchhh !!!!!!!!!!!1 coomb's test was kinda a pain in the ass but not anymore you explained it well ! thank you again

[@waberijama8636]

very nice explanation, thank you.

[@douniasaleh8211]

Thank you, that was very helpful - I wish I could have more than one like

[@dariomartinez6358]

Sir you nailed this topic and explained it so simple thank you so much

[@ikramullahshaikh]

Keep up the good work
thumbs up for you

[@19asiya.s.r12]

Very good presentation.. Thoroughly got the concept 💕

[@joaovitorpimentel2140]

I've liked it, man! Thx a lot!

[@soumitreekhamari9900]

Very clearly explained

[@alyoup4253]

great work. thank u

[@LeWildSister]

Well done, this was very well explained :D

[@priyankatiwari3434]

very nice simple video....thanks

[@dr.inzamamchoudhary5822]

explained with so much simplicity..sir u were my senior in college.today i came to know that,
your are a inspiration.

[@MEDSimplified]

I am so glad to hear that Inzamam

[@dr.inzamamchoudhary5822]

@@MEDSimplified sir i mean this pure hardwork....i do understand how much time and effort it takes to make videos like this...i had made once with videoscribe....

[@ektayadav9833]

Very very very nice explanation 😊

[@ZezdO]

Thank you for making the video, it was truely helpful :))

[@Chanam1022]

Thank you so much.

[@footballmoments9351]

Big brother!! Well done, I got it clear!!

[@yogimedful]

VERY GOOD. thank you

[@khadijahsaleem6775]

Jazakallahu khayra ✨ Very well explained.

[@ifeanyisimeon8216]

Thank you so much

[@denniskhaiter3941]

Wonderful and simple video. Well done!

[@denniskhaiter3941]

171 people have Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia.

[@danibrooks5955]

Fantastic video. Well done and entertaining!

[@MEDSimplified]

+Danielle Brooks Thank u so much Danielle

[@youtube-official-media]

Nicely explained 🎉

[@muhammedjaffar4383]

Easy and informative. Keep going 👍

[@premkumarraja3376]

Very fine explanation ❤️

[@abdulahmadyaqoby6759]

Excellent teaching method

[@happinessrashidi9729]

Woooow finally I have got something to answer tommorow during exams...thank you🤗

[@mjd8139]

thanks man you are very helpful

[@Fatimah-kr5cz]

this is super super helpful really sooooo many thanxxxx

[@dracharya2377]

Very simplified! Thank you

[@MEDSimplified]

+Dr Acharya U r most welcome sir

[@marinaagyei7405]

Very informative 👏