This video is great. I'm Portuguese and I have never watched a video that focused so much on Portugal, usually poeple talk more about spain even in videos about the Age of Discovery. Thank you man!
Fantastic video. Although i studied the age of exploration quite a bit, i didnt even realise portugal was able to keep the secret for almost 100 years. Wow
This video is really great at summarising the roots and development of the 'Age of Discovery'! I fancied a break from reading dense articles, so it was perfect.
Best video on this subject. However it should be called "Age of European Discovery" because it is European explorers who were doing discovery for European nations after Ottoman empire ad Genoese blocked far East Trade from European nations.
You missed one key detail there. The main reason why Portugal couldn't keep up with private enterprises was because of the policial crysis, were a young inexperienced king, with no descendants, decided to take 17.000 men on a crusade to Africa, and never return. This unified Portugal and Spain for a couple decades and ultimatly, the Spanish decided to sink the Portuguese navy in a battle against Britain (the oldest Portuguese Ally). When Portugal finally got it's independence again, it was too late. As said in the video, other nations were already trading in India, and Portugal now didn't have the naval power to contest. In short, a child's whim is the main reason for the decline of the first major World Power.
It’s true that the Iberian Union weakened Portugal’s hold over its empire. However, the Casa Da India was already in dire financial condition even before the death of King Sebastian and the subsequent succession crisis. For all the money pouring into the Portuguese coffers, they failed to properly invest in the local infrastructure to build, man and maintain their fleets and instead outsourced much of the work to foreigners at huge expense. And on top of this, the cost of maintaining Portuguese holdings in Morocco was huge. The weakening caused the Iberian Union was a significant contributor, yes, but the writing was on the wall even before then for those with the vision to see it.
@@Real_History That's not entirely true, and the best evidence of that can be perceived in the war of the League of the Indies. Shortly before King Sebastian's disastrous campaign in North Africa, the Portuguese had just come out victorious in what was perhaps their most costly naval war in history; the war of the League of the Indies, which was fought between 1570 - 1575, and was massively expensive for the Portuguese, where they had to fight off an Asian coalition consisting of 150.000 infantry, 2000 elephants, 70.000 cavalry, 400 cannons, and more than 100 ships, with only 5000 infantry and 20-30 galleons. It was in effect, a total war. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_of_the_League_of_the_Indies It was an extraordinary victory, a war which I personally rate as one of the most amazing Portuguese victories off all time, a war which is relatively unknown, and which was only possible due to the massive amounts of money and effort put into it, so the idea that Portugal's Asian Empire was somewhat already in decline is pretty much disproved by this war. The campaign itself that King Sebastian did in North Africa a few years later would have also been impossible had the Portuguese been suffering from severe financial difficulties, and let's not forget that he had a plan to build a navy of 800 vessels after the war. During the Iberian Union, which lasted from 1580 - 1640, a good part of the Portuguese ships, soldiers and treasury went to the Spanish war machine. For instance, half of the galleons (11) of the Spanish Armada were Portuguese, including the flagship itself. The defeat proved disastrous for Portugal too. King Philip II of Spain was actually bankrupt three times during his reign, which caused a further drainage of the Portuguese funds from its own colonies and empire. The Dutch traders, after being expelled from Lisbon, were very aware of the poorly defended Portuguese outposts in Asia, and realised that it was a great opportunity to attack the Portuguese colonial outposts in the area, because although the Portuguese brought the goods into Europe, the Dutch were the ones that spread it around Europe. Let's not also forget the importance that the Portuguese expelled Jews had in the Netherlands as well. After King Sebastian's flunder, and the consequent crowning of King Philip II of Spain, Portugal never again had the same capacity to finance its empire in Asia until the discovery of gold and diamonds in Brazil, more than 100 years later. It was this the main factor behind the Dutch and British successful incursions into Asia. If one is to analyse the many defeats the Portuguese held in the early 17th century, especially against the Dutch, one is to realize how poorly defended the colonial outposts were, a situation which would have never been so dire until 1578. It is no wonder that the Portuguese only started to score significant victories against the Dutch after the restoration in 1640, namely in Angola in 1648; en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recapture_of_Angola and in Brazil in 1649: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Guararapes I understand that it might be more convenient for the English and Dutch to put forward the idea that they simply "outsmarted" or "overtook" the Portuguese in Asia, but the truth is that the Iberian Union was probably the main factor in weakening Portugal, and the Dutch and the English took full advantage of that.
@@Omerath9 the War of the League of Indies was a spectacular success for the Portuguese, but it is important to note that it was a struggle fought almost entirely by the Portuguese already in Asia. It was a ‘total war’, not because all of Portugal was geared towards to the war effort, but because all of the Portuguese in Asia were geared towards the war effort. There were no significant reinforcements or funds coming from Portugal itself and thus the war effort is does not represent an outlay of cash that would have been impossible for a government in dire financial condition. In addition, King Sebastian’s expedition to Morocco was funded mostly by loans from the church. Indeed, throughout the second half of the 16th century, the proportion of the Casa da India’s funding that came from external, foreign sources grew rapidly. One of the problems was that the Casa da India was a royal monopoly. Positions of leadership were occupied almost exclusively by the aristocracy and it was they, along with the crown, who pocketed the lion’s share of the profits. The carriera da India became a means of enriching the nobility and the profits were rarely re-invested into the enterprise. Instead they were liberally spent. Merchants were not a significant contributor and thus the development of a middle class and a strong, sound, commercial backing of Portuguese activity was stunted and only belatedly pursued. Like I said, the Iberian Union was certainly a significant factor in the decline of Portuguese power in Asia, but to say that it the main or only factor ignores the Portuguese Asian enterprise, and the crown itself, was in severe financial distress well before.
@@Real_History The victory in the war of the League of the Indies was obviously only possible due to the good management of the Portuguese Empire in Asia, which was in almost constant expansion until the very last moment of the Avis dynasty. Hardly indicators of an impeding decline. And although there was no longer an armada of 15 - 20 warships going to Asia on a yearly basis, as it had happened during the reigns of King Manuel I and King John III, there was still a much higher contingent of Portuguese forces in that region than during the Philippine dynasty, where the tendency followed King John III's expansion of Brazil. As for your comments on the Casa da India, although it is true that it reached its peak early on during the reign of King Manuel I, its decline did not affect the expansion of the Portuguese Empire throughout the reigns of King John III and King Sebastian. The only significant difference was that more effort began being put into the expansion of Brazil, and as such less men were sent into Asia, given Portugal's limited population of only about 1 million. This would also be a decisive factor in Portugal defeating the Dutch in Brazil and losing in Asia, and you mentioned nothing about it. Another thing you forgot to mention in your video, and which was crucial for the Dutch expansion into Asia, was the terms of the 12 years truce between Spain and the Netherlands, where the Spanish allowed the Dutch to take hold of Portuguese possessions in Asia for compensation, something which was seen as an outrage by the Portuguese nobility which had previously supported Philip III's father's claim to the throne, and which eventually would lead to the restoration war and the Bragança dynasty being put in power. And after 1640, as I previously mentioned, the Portuguese colonials in Brazil went about defeating the Dutch West India company and reclaiming their western colonial possessions, which led to the ruin of the company, effectively disproving the notion that all capitalist ventures were inherently superior to royal monopolies. The reality was far more complex, and as you know, the war ultimately ended in a stalemate after 60 years, with the Dutch winning in Asia and the Portuguese winning in Brazil and parts of Africa. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch%E2%80%93Portuguese_War Finally, to make a video on the subject and somehow to try and pass off Dutch and English successful incursions into Asia as a mere consequence of a Dutch spy leaking information about the Portuguese, and the supposed theoretical "better nature" of their private companies over royal monopolies, without even slightly mentioning how much the Iberian Union weakened Portugal's grip on its overseas empire is intellectually dishonest, to say the least.
Portugal, a small country with a small population discovered the whole world from Canada to Brasil, all the coast of Africa (East, South and West), south Asia, Australia and New Zealand. They built adequate vessels to face the Oceans of the world. Spain never discovered anything, because Colombo was not Spanish. He and his sons always kept a certain secrecy about their origin sometimes leading people to think they were from Genoa. However, after the discovery of Madeira (which means wood in portuguese) by Gonçalves Zarco, the Caravelas (type of vessels used by the Portuguese) were built in the island of Porto Santo (from the group of Madeira) - they found that the wood from those islands was very good for the purpose. Colombo lived in Porto Santo. He always spoke portuguese and people mentioned him as The Portuguese. He was probably born in Cuba, a small town in Alentejo, a province in the South of Portugal. In fact he named one of the islands in Central America Cuba. The Spanish went conquering land in places discovered by the Portuguese. The musical instrument used by Hawayans is in fact a portuguese instrument taken there by portuguese sailors. In Portugal that instrument is called Cavaquinho. Portugal is the most underrated country with Spain taking credit for things they never did.
Portugal is very underrated. However, while Christopher Columbus’ origins are somewhat unclear, there is overwhelming evidence that he was Genoese. For starters, every contemporary Spanish or Portuguese source that wrote about him refers to him as Genoese.
You can’t discover lands where people inhabit and have culture, religion, art, astrology, architecture, agriculture, sciences, medicine, art, you name it they had it. what do you mean to say is that the Portuguese went out to explore and found lands with kingdoms and culture and then the Europeans invaded and colonized.
Thanks so much for the rich content. I also enjoyed the presentation style -- with some expressions or words or descriptions which made me laugh while watching this very informative video.
Trade brought tremendous progress and people interaction and discovery of this world as we know. Also disasters of untold misery .thanks for information .
Thanks for the Video, some useful information for the uninitiated. There is a major and very important point you have missed here. Look at the Logo on the Portuguese Sails. The Order of Christ or the Knight’s Templar 2.0 (that’s another story for another day). Look at the Portuguese Flag and see the same Logo behind the Crest. It’s the same Group the Knights Templar/Order of Christ-see Portugal is/was a Templar Nation literally. (Great Book First Templar Nation, by Freddie Silva). Cristovao Colombo was also a part of this same Organisation, most of the Crew Members were part of this Organisation as most importantly were the Portuguese Royalty. They the Portuguese (Order of Christ) were yes looking to Trade, bring Christianity but also to further bring the Crusades to the Muslims, it was a much an economic war as an actual war. By taking over the Trade Routes and creating new ones, they were financially starving the Muslims and weakening their ability to fight the Crusading groups. The Portuguese had the Ear of Cristovao Colombo, he was part of their Team* The Order of Christ. He has access to their Maps etc. in Lisboa. His wife was Portuguese and there is a theory he may be the illegitimate son of one the Princes of Portugal and Daughter of Zarcos family who discovered Madeira. There is a lot of controversy around this. There is a Small Town called Cuba in Portugal's Alentejo region. Actually the Islands of the “West Indies” have names of the villages around Cuba in Alentejo, this is an interesting fact, check it out for yourself. They even have a Statue of him. This is a very complex web, that was so important that it changed/created history and influenced much of what is happening today and throughout the last 500 years." That is enough for now. The Portuguese Wallaby Down Under But now on Top.
Thank god for these brave men! And all for the sake of Spice! If they had not been born, how would European food - and English food in particular- ever have become so famous as being so incredibly spicy!!! .... Your words are pure fact!!!
Middle School Teachers Watch Fully Before You Show...Good stuff, but for teachers who would like to share with students you might need to watch it first. While the words used might not bother all I can't give this link to students with the person speaking using words like "What the Hell..." I would get some parents demanding I be fired for that in a 7th-grade class. I get what the kids say and hear daily may be far worse, but my job doesn't ride on things I can't control. So again good stuff and if I was in class and could just skip it I would but teaching virtually I can't do that.
The person speaking is me. Just me. In truth, I never anticipated that this video (or any other) would be used in actual educational contexts, as seems to be the case. I’m not sure how I feel about that kind of pressure haha I’m glad you enjoyed it though.
@@Real_History Personally I think you did a really good job. I'm picky and I don't just use stuff without first taking a scrub brush to it. My concern with this one was the "What the Hell?" comment. Outside of that, it was good and on point. Kids should get a good bit from it. I used to not worry so much but I once years ago showed a Haitian Revolution video/documentary and it was awesome. I watched it and was really excited about it. I then showed it to my class. 3 months went by and I was out of the state with my family for vacation and I get a call from the principal. She asked if I remembered showing it. I said of course it was awesome. She said yet it is, but go to the 10:39 mark (or something like that) and watch it again. Well while watching I had been grading and at that mark is music with actors not talking. So I had looked away for maybe 30 seconds. Sure enough, while showing it to 4 classes I was also working on other stuff and never saw that part. 3 other teachers showed it because I told them how good it was and they didn't catch it. What was it? Let's just say it was very authentic of what might happen to some of the women and yes there was a struggle and a flash of nudity. I was devastated and thought I would lose my job. The principle still thought it might be OK for HS but knowing my personality she knew that there is no way I had a clue that was in it. The parent who was after me backed down because I came to them humbly and apologized with complete embarrassment. Anyhow so now I watch close but when someone makes a great video it should be used... never know what kid is going to learn from it and as long as it is factual I'm good with it... just as long as it is age-appropriate and in the world right night nobody can agree to what that is.
@@Real_History Personally I would like maybe something on the Enlightenment philosophers and their connection to the US Declaration of Independence/Constitution, maybe something that helps people with the difference in the US as the Democratic Republic vs being a democracy as so many believe, or maybe something like helping others understand the 3 branches of government what their powers are and are not. There are thousands of others but these stand out when teaching US history. This year I am stuck teaching World History which is OK but not my favorite and our standards are about to completely change to World Geography next year.
Brian Herring some very American topics indeed haha. I will add them to my list, but, in all honesty, they are unlikely to be made in the near future. I do, however, have some other US-related topics in the line up for the next few months, the first being the Native American city of Cahokia.
A few people have asked/commented so I think I will make a separate video just for the teachers out there. I am assuming its just the "What the Hell" part that's problematic?
Portugues colonized my country for 500 years. They came in 1515, and the main reason was for Sandalwaood, honey and Cotton. Anyway my country name’s is Timor Leste
Spices had always been a commodity, a luxury item. It seems strange to us because spices are now commonplace, but this is the opposite to how it has been for Europeans for most of history. The appreciation for spices was for largely the same reasons that we use them today. So it’s less that they were so ‘into’ spices, and more that this was an astoundingly lucrative trade because the selling prices were so exorbitant, largely due to a virtual Italian monopoly on the trade and the comparative scarcity of many of the spices themselves. And the slowly growing prosperity of Europe meant a growing demand for luxury goods.
I feel like something like oil might be a slightly better comparison. Everyone wants it, but it’s only available from certain places. If you can manage to get a virtual monopoly on it, it’s cash money baby
A common phrase, americans tend to say counter-clockwise, and brits often say anti-clockwise. In either case, opposite of clockwise, which is to the right, when looking at a clock. Or as some people might call say, clockwise is the direction your fingers point, if you place your left hand over a clock.
@@Real_History Used to think the British were to blame for all our modern day political problems, turns out the Dutch might be more culpable than I had imagine 😅
@@lazerbud I mean if you reeeeaally want to go down that impossibly reductive road, would not the Spanish and Portuguese be more deserving of your ire?
Did you deliberately avoid mentioning indian sailors who were already trading with most of the african countries helped vasco da gama how to sail and reach india?
Indian mariners were trading along the East African coast, you are quite right. However, I would not say that constitutes “most African countries”. In any case, the reason I did not include them is because this video was not intended to cover every single detail. Only those that served to contribute to an effective summary. Otherwise the video would be hours long. I did however, mention that the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean were already home to a centuries old mercantile ecosystem, which the Portuguese subsequently shattered. There is no malicious intent here.
@@Real_History When you explaining how they succeeded isn't it important how they did that. It's the most important turning point in the history of the world. B'cse of that success we are witnessing a different kind of world now.
Dude, you don't know what you are talking about. King D. João I have send spies by land to India, they were fluent in arabic, and went with the caravans to find out about the people in there. Cristobal Columbus was refused to make this trip becouse he did not had the diplomatic profile to deal with people from India, that was proven by the conflicts and murders that he create in the West Islands were he arrive. But he was a great navegator. Before Columbius it was alrefy known about the existence of land in the west by the portuguese. And this is documented. More, Vasco da Gama wasn't exactly an explorer, he was a navigator, but his experty was diplomacy. Another thing, he knew arabic, Also Gama is a name ethimologicaly from arabic. If the portuguese gane some influence in India was becouse they help the indians in a battle against the arabes, and they win. In compensation they receive land to stablish themselfs as merchants. Your story telling is just based in prejudice created by a black PR campain that was spread out about the portuguese and the spanish people. Basically lies.
How did the Portuguese already know about the existence of the Americas? Cristopher Columbus was never in Portuguese service. Besides, da Gama’s voyage departed several years after Columbus had already returned from the Americas. The assertion that the Portuguese conducted themselves as good and honest traders in India is directly contradicted by contemporary Portuguese sources. Thomé Lopez was a clerk aboard Vasco da Gama’s ship during his second voyage. He witnessed the destruction of an unarmed ship filled with 400 Muslim pilgrim. He witnessed the Portuguese bombardment of ports and the naval engagement near Calicut. And this is to say nothing of the ruthlessness of Francisco de Almeida and Afonso de Alberquerque.
I never said it did. In fact, I explicitly say that Castile and Portugal were already exploring down the west coast of Africa by the 15th century. The fall of Constantinople just added fresh impetus to that contest.
*Spain are the Heroes of the Sea who ushered in the Age of Discovery where they built an Empire where the Sun never Set.* *Spain had Viceroyalties whereby each person got the 'same' rights as any EUropean Spaniard; this was unique because nobody else gave their Citizens equal rights under the Law - the Spanish were the 1st and only power to do so* ❤️ 🇪🇸🇪🇸🇪🇸🇪🇸🇪🇸❤️
"Spain are the Heroes of the Sea" but you need Portuguese and Italian captains to build an empire ;) Spain had no control over any ocean, you where always depended on crossing Portuguese waters, you're welcome.
This video is great. I'm Portuguese and I have never watched a video that focused so much on Portugal, usually poeple talk more about spain even in videos about the Age of Discovery. Thank you man!
Fantastic video. Although i studied the age of exploration quite a bit, i didnt even realise portugal was able to keep the secret for almost 100 years. Wow
This video is really great at summarising the roots and development of the 'Age of Discovery'! I fancied a break from reading dense articles, so it was perfect.
I'm glad you enjoyed it!
@@Real_History I forgot to say - it also made me laugh a lot. Keep making videos! :- )
i guess I'm quite randomly asking but do anyone know a good website to stream newly released movies online?
Best video on this subject. However it should be called "Age of European Discovery" because it is European explorers who were doing discovery for European nations after Ottoman empire ad Genoese blocked far East Trade from European nations.
@@CmonNowTellme Ha, way to be pedantic! Though, sure, if you're trying to make a point about Eurocentrism... fair enough.
Easily the best video on this subject. Totally want to write a script now lol
Love your videos! This one especially helped me on my history exam.
Amazing! Glad it helped.
Excellent overview of the period and events during the Age of Discovery surrounding the development of the spice trade.
You missed one key detail there.
The main reason why Portugal couldn't keep up with private enterprises was because of the policial crysis, were a young inexperienced king, with no descendants, decided to take 17.000 men on a crusade to Africa, and never return.
This unified Portugal and Spain for a couple decades and ultimatly, the Spanish decided to sink the Portuguese navy in a battle against Britain (the oldest Portuguese Ally).
When Portugal finally got it's independence again, it was too late. As said in the video, other nations were already trading in India, and Portugal now didn't have the naval power to contest.
In short, a child's whim is the main reason for the decline of the first major World Power.
It’s true that the Iberian Union weakened Portugal’s hold over its empire. However, the Casa Da India was already in dire financial condition even before the death of King Sebastian and the subsequent succession crisis.
For all the money pouring into the Portuguese coffers, they failed to properly invest in the local infrastructure to build, man and maintain their fleets and instead outsourced much of the work to foreigners at huge expense. And on top of this, the cost of maintaining Portuguese holdings in Morocco was huge.
The weakening caused the Iberian Union was a significant contributor, yes, but the writing was on the wall even before then for those with the vision to see it.
Right.
@@Real_History That's not entirely true, and the best evidence of that can be perceived in the war of the League of the Indies.
Shortly before King Sebastian's disastrous campaign in North Africa, the Portuguese had just come out victorious in what was perhaps their most costly naval war in history; the war of the League of the Indies, which was fought between 1570 - 1575, and was massively expensive for the Portuguese, where they had to fight off an Asian coalition consisting of 150.000 infantry, 2000 elephants, 70.000 cavalry, 400 cannons, and more than 100 ships, with only 5000 infantry and 20-30 galleons. It was in effect, a total war.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_of_the_League_of_the_Indies
It was an extraordinary victory, a war which I personally rate as one of the most amazing Portuguese victories off all time, a war which is relatively unknown, and which was only possible due to the massive amounts of money and effort put into it, so the idea that Portugal's Asian Empire was somewhat already in decline is pretty much disproved by this war. The campaign itself that King Sebastian did in North Africa a few years later would have also been impossible had the Portuguese been suffering from severe financial difficulties, and let's not forget that he had a plan to build a navy of 800 vessels after the war.
During the Iberian Union, which lasted from 1580 - 1640, a good part of the Portuguese ships, soldiers and treasury went to the Spanish war machine. For instance, half of the galleons (11) of the Spanish Armada were Portuguese, including the flagship itself. The defeat proved disastrous for Portugal too. King Philip II of Spain was actually bankrupt three times during his reign, which caused a further drainage of the Portuguese funds from its own colonies and empire. The Dutch traders, after being expelled from Lisbon, were very aware of the poorly defended Portuguese outposts in Asia, and realised that it was a great opportunity to attack the Portuguese colonial outposts in the area, because although the Portuguese brought the goods into Europe, the Dutch were the ones that spread it around Europe. Let's not also forget the importance that the Portuguese expelled Jews had in the Netherlands as well.
After King Sebastian's flunder, and the consequent crowning of King Philip II of Spain, Portugal never again had the same capacity to finance its empire in Asia until the discovery of gold and diamonds in Brazil, more than 100 years later. It was this the main factor behind the Dutch and British successful incursions into Asia. If one is to analyse the many defeats the Portuguese held in the early 17th century, especially against the Dutch, one is to realize how poorly defended the colonial outposts were, a situation which would have never been so dire until 1578. It is no wonder that the Portuguese only started to score significant victories against the Dutch after the restoration in 1640, namely in Angola in 1648; en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recapture_of_Angola and in Brazil in 1649: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Guararapes
I understand that it might be more convenient for the English and Dutch to put forward the idea that they simply "outsmarted" or "overtook" the Portuguese in Asia, but the truth is that the Iberian Union was probably the main factor in weakening Portugal, and the Dutch and the English took full advantage of that.
@@Omerath9 the War of the League of Indies was a spectacular success for the Portuguese, but it is important to note that it was a struggle fought almost entirely by the Portuguese already in Asia. It was a ‘total war’, not because all of Portugal was geared towards to the war effort, but because all of the Portuguese in Asia were geared towards the war effort. There were no significant reinforcements or funds coming from Portugal itself and thus the war effort is does not represent an outlay of cash that would have been impossible for a government in dire financial condition.
In addition, King Sebastian’s expedition to Morocco was funded mostly by loans from the church.
Indeed, throughout the second half of the 16th century, the proportion of the Casa da India’s funding that came from external, foreign sources grew rapidly.
One of the problems was that the Casa da India was a royal monopoly. Positions of leadership were occupied almost exclusively by the aristocracy and it was they, along with the crown, who pocketed the lion’s share of the profits. The carriera da India became a means of enriching the nobility and the profits were rarely re-invested into the enterprise. Instead they were liberally spent. Merchants were not a significant contributor and thus the development of a middle class and a strong, sound, commercial backing of Portuguese activity was stunted and only belatedly pursued.
Like I said, the Iberian Union was certainly a significant factor in the decline of Portuguese power in Asia, but to say that it the main or only factor ignores the Portuguese Asian enterprise, and the crown itself, was in severe financial distress well before.
@@Real_History The victory in the war of the League of the Indies was obviously only possible due to the good management of the Portuguese Empire in Asia, which was in almost constant expansion until the very last moment of the Avis dynasty. Hardly indicators of an impeding decline. And although there was no longer an armada of 15 - 20 warships going to Asia on a yearly basis, as it had happened during the reigns of King Manuel I and King John III, there was still a much higher contingent of Portuguese forces in that region than during the Philippine dynasty, where the tendency followed King John III's expansion of Brazil.
As for your comments on the Casa da India, although it is true that it reached its peak early on during the reign of King Manuel I, its decline did not affect the expansion of the Portuguese Empire throughout the reigns of King John III and King Sebastian. The only significant difference was that more effort began being put into the expansion of Brazil, and as such less men were sent into Asia, given Portugal's limited population of only about 1 million. This would also be a decisive factor in Portugal defeating the Dutch in Brazil and losing in Asia, and you mentioned nothing about it.
Another thing you forgot to mention in your video, and which was crucial for the Dutch expansion into Asia, was the terms of the 12 years truce between Spain and the Netherlands, where the Spanish allowed the Dutch to take hold of Portuguese possessions in Asia for compensation, something which was seen as an outrage by the Portuguese nobility which had previously supported Philip III's father's claim to the throne, and which eventually would lead to the restoration war and the Bragança dynasty being put in power. And after 1640, as I previously mentioned, the Portuguese colonials in Brazil went about defeating the Dutch West India company and reclaiming their western colonial possessions, which led to the ruin of the company, effectively disproving the notion that all capitalist ventures were inherently superior to royal monopolies. The reality was far more complex, and as you know, the war ultimately ended in a stalemate after 60 years, with the Dutch winning in Asia and the Portuguese winning in Brazil and parts of Africa.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch%E2%80%93Portuguese_War
Finally, to make a video on the subject and somehow to try and pass off Dutch and English successful incursions into Asia as a mere consequence of a Dutch spy leaking information about the Portuguese, and the supposed theoretical "better nature" of their private companies over royal monopolies, without even slightly mentioning how much the Iberian Union weakened Portugal's grip on its overseas empire is intellectually dishonest, to say the least.
Brilliant breakdown. Thank you so much for your efforts.
yknow its weird finding a history channel with an actual personality but this is nice
keep it up man
Portugal, a small country with a small population discovered the whole world from Canada to Brasil, all the coast of Africa (East, South and West), south Asia, Australia and New Zealand. They built adequate vessels to face the Oceans of the world. Spain never discovered anything, because Colombo was not Spanish. He and his sons always kept a certain secrecy about their origin sometimes leading people to think they were from Genoa. However, after the discovery of Madeira (which means wood in portuguese) by Gonçalves Zarco, the Caravelas (type of vessels used by the Portuguese) were built in the island of Porto Santo (from the group of Madeira) - they found that the wood from those islands was very good for the purpose. Colombo lived in Porto Santo.
He always spoke portuguese and people mentioned him as The Portuguese. He was probably born in Cuba, a small town in Alentejo, a province in the South of Portugal. In fact he named one of the islands in Central America Cuba. The Spanish went conquering land in places discovered by the Portuguese. The musical instrument used by Hawayans is in fact a portuguese instrument taken there by portuguese sailors. In Portugal that instrument is called Cavaquinho.
Portugal is the most underrated country with Spain taking credit for things they never did.
Portugal is very underrated.
However, while Christopher Columbus’ origins are somewhat unclear, there is overwhelming evidence that he was Genoese.
For starters, every contemporary Spanish or Portuguese source that wrote about him refers to him as Genoese.
🇵🇹
You can’t discover lands where people inhabit and have culture, religion, art, astrology, architecture, agriculture, sciences, medicine, art, you name it they had it.
what do you mean to say is that the Portuguese went out to explore and found lands with kingdoms and culture and then the Europeans invaded and colonized.
Magellan- real name Magalhães was also portuguese
Discover synonim with find
Great presentation. Straightforward and clear. Thanks.
Good, clear and relevant information. Relatively better. I challenge you to research even deeper. Thank you!
Well researched. Thoroughly enjoyed that! and the humour.
Thanks so much for the rich content. I also enjoyed the presentation style -- with some expressions or words or descriptions which made me laugh while watching this very informative video.
Great work, keep the work on Portugal, Greece going.
Thanks for the additional detail not shown elsewhere
Very informative and well done. Keep up the good work and looking forward for more.
Great content bro ! Good work greeting from Holland ! Viva Jan Huygen
Thanks! Did I get the pronunciation right? Haha
This was a treat
Thanks Igor ☺️
thank you so much -- this was such an easy video to follow
Very interesting. I did not know much about the Portguese - good explanations!
Interesting historical content. Thanks for posting.
Thank you !!! Great stuff, superb research!!!
barbarianland no thank YOU! I’m so happy that you enjoyed it.
This is an amazing video. Very informative and easy to understand I am going to watch it a second time. Thank you for producing this!
Well done. Compliments from Portugal
Brilliant video. Thanks
You are good, my friend. Very well done video!
Trade brought tremendous progress and people interaction and discovery of this world as we know. Also disasters of untold misery .thanks for information .
Excellent Video, well done
Amazing!
Thank you very much
Thanks for the Video, some useful information for the uninitiated.
There is a major and very important point you have missed here. Look at the Logo on the Portuguese Sails. The Order of Christ or the Knight’s Templar 2.0 (that’s another story for another day). Look at the Portuguese Flag and see the same Logo behind the Crest. It’s the same Group the Knights Templar/Order of Christ-see Portugal is/was a Templar Nation literally. (Great Book First Templar Nation, by Freddie Silva).
Cristovao Colombo was also a part of this same Organisation, most of the Crew Members were part of this Organisation as most importantly were the Portuguese Royalty.
They the Portuguese (Order of Christ) were yes looking to Trade, bring Christianity but also to further bring the Crusades to the Muslims, it was a much an economic war as an actual war.
By taking over the Trade Routes and creating new ones, they were financially starving the Muslims and weakening their ability to fight the Crusading groups.
The Portuguese had the Ear of Cristovao Colombo, he was part of their Team* The Order of Christ. He has access to their Maps etc. in Lisboa. His wife was Portuguese and there is a theory he may be the illegitimate son of one the Princes of Portugal and Daughter of Zarcos family who discovered Madeira. There is a lot of controversy around this. There is a Small Town called Cuba in Portugal's Alentejo region. Actually the Islands of the “West Indies” have names of the villages around Cuba in Alentejo, this is an interesting fact, check it out for yourself. They even have a Statue of him.
This is a very complex web, that was so important that it changed/created history and influenced much of what is happening today and throughout the last 500 years."
That is enough for now.
The Portuguese Wallaby Down Under
But now on Top.
You deserve more than 490 subs! But good job on the view count 🙂❤
Thank god for these brave men! And all for the sake of Spice! If they had not been born, how would European food - and English food in particular- ever have become so famous as being so incredibly spicy!!! .... Your words are pure fact!!!
much respect to Portugal. for 200 years that small, powerful Latin kingdom produced so many incredibly brave , extraordinary men.
Don't forget Portugal has the greatest soccer player ever Cristiano Ronaldo
Excellent!
Increduble video, JUST WOW
Zelda Wind Waker music is the theme song for the Age of Discovery.
DAMN YOU JAN HUYGEEEENNN!!!!!!! *cries in portuguese 😢
Good thing now I only need to walk like 200m to get some spices👀
Great video. But how could you say cloves from India?
Any good books you can recommend on this fascinating topic please
Middle School Teachers Watch Fully Before You Show...Good stuff, but for teachers who would like to share with students you might need to watch it first. While the words used might not bother all I can't give this link to students with the person speaking using words like "What the Hell..." I would get some parents demanding I be fired for that in a 7th-grade class. I get what the kids say and hear daily may be far worse, but my job doesn't ride on things I can't control. So again good stuff and if I was in class and could just skip it I would but teaching virtually I can't do that.
The person speaking is me. Just me. In truth, I never anticipated that this video (or any other) would be used in actual educational contexts, as seems to be the case. I’m not sure how I feel about that kind of pressure haha
I’m glad you enjoyed it though.
@@Real_History Personally I think you did a really good job. I'm picky and I don't just use stuff without first taking a scrub brush to it. My concern with this one was the "What the Hell?" comment. Outside of that, it was good and on point. Kids should get a good bit from it. I used to not worry so much but I once years ago showed a Haitian Revolution video/documentary and it was awesome. I watched it and was really excited about it. I then showed it to my class. 3 months went by and I was out of the state with my family for vacation and I get a call from the principal. She asked if I remembered showing it. I said of course it was awesome. She said yet it is, but go to the 10:39 mark (or something like that) and watch it again. Well while watching I had been grading and at that mark is music with actors not talking. So I had looked away for maybe 30 seconds. Sure enough, while showing it to 4 classes I was also working on other stuff and never saw that part. 3 other teachers showed it because I told them how good it was and they didn't catch it. What was it? Let's just say it was very authentic of what might happen to some of the women and yes there was a struggle and a flash of nudity. I was devastated and thought I would lose my job. The principle still thought it might be OK for HS but knowing my personality she knew that there is no way I had a clue that was in it. The parent who was after me backed down because I came to them humbly and apologized with complete embarrassment. Anyhow so now I watch close but when someone makes a great video it should be used... never know what kid is going to learn from it and as long as it is factual I'm good with it... just as long as it is age-appropriate and in the world right night nobody can agree to what that is.
Fair enough.
Any other topics you’d especially like to see covered?
@@Real_History Personally I would like maybe something on the Enlightenment philosophers and their connection to the US Declaration of Independence/Constitution, maybe something that helps people with the difference in the US as the Democratic Republic vs being a democracy as so many believe, or maybe something like helping others understand the 3 branches of government what their powers are and are not. There are thousands of others but these stand out when teaching US history. This year I am stuck teaching World History which is OK but not my favorite and our standards are about to completely change to World Geography next year.
Brian Herring some very American topics indeed haha.
I will add them to my list, but, in all honesty, they are unlikely to be made in the near future.
I do, however, have some other US-related topics in the line up for the next few months, the first being the Native American city of Cahokia.
I watch this video for class
Could you make a clean version, so I can share it with my history students
A few people have asked/commented so I think I will make a separate video just for the teachers out there. I am assuming its just the "What the Hell" part that's problematic?
A correction here, 1:00 cloves actually native to Banda Islands
Who were really the great invertors of spices and is still know for there spices.
Really good! 👍
Has a portuguese, congrats well done.
Bruh nice video but now we have to watch it for history
Haha it’s all part of my master plan.
What year level?
Oof I feel ya brotha
All this for spices and at the end, their food is still bland because they don’t use those spices.
thats how Portugal ended the medieval era of international trade.
Portugues colonized my country for 500 years. They came in 1515, and the main reason was for Sandalwaood, honey and Cotton. Anyway my country name’s is Timor Leste
My country Philippines was colonized for three hundred years the Spain
Greetings from Portugal to the people of Timor Lorosae
not a word about portugal being occupied by Spain during the time of the Great Dutch achievements...
Really informative, thanks! Deserves more thumbs up. Maybe add some more drunk chicks twerking, and some QAnon content ( obviously joking.)
trade wars have been a thing for centuries.
The Great Age of Discovery
age of colonization blessed from Pope Alexander VI (Rodrigo Borgia) under Treaty of Tordesillas
A man that is the MAN
thx u help me with me soo thxx
I was looking forward to viewing this with my kids, however, the use of or implied use of expletives was disappointing and took away from the content.
but why? why were they so into spices that it changed the course of history?
Spices had always been a commodity, a luxury item. It seems strange to us because spices are now commonplace, but this is the opposite to how it has been for Europeans for most of history.
The appreciation for spices was for largely the same reasons that we use them today.
So it’s less that they were so ‘into’ spices, and more that this was an astoundingly lucrative trade because the selling prices were so exorbitant, largely due to a virtual Italian monopoly on the trade and the comparative scarcity of many of the spices themselves.
And the slowly growing prosperity of Europe meant a growing demand for luxury goods.
Templars helped the Portuguese on this quest and the interest was 50/50 Spice flow/ Christianity flow
And then colonisation was born over spices and the rest is history 🌶️
Incorrect colonisation occured before that, eg moorish colonisation of Iberia.
Man spice was the drugs back then
I feel like something like oil might be a slightly better comparison. Everyone wants it, but it’s only available from certain places. If you can manage to get a virtual monopoly on it, it’s cash money baby
@@Real_History I wish I coulda seen how it went down back them. But true
@@letsgomets07 how what went down?
Anticlockwise????
Like the turning of a clock’s hands, but in the opposite direction. So 11 would be first instead of 1.
A common phrase, americans tend to say counter-clockwise, and brits often say anti-clockwise. In either case, opposite of clockwise, which is to the right, when looking at a clock. Or as some people might call say, clockwise is the direction your fingers point, if you place your left hand over a clock.
Soooo...blame the Dutch basically?
What do you mean?
@@Real_History Used to think the British were to blame for all our modern day political problems, turns out the Dutch might be more culpable than I had imagine 😅
@@lazerbud I mean if you reeeeaally want to go down that impossibly reductive road, would not the Spanish and Portuguese be more deserving of your ire?
Goa is not an island.
It’s a river island.
Did you deliberately avoid mentioning indian sailors who were already trading with most of the african countries helped vasco da gama how to sail and reach india?
Indian mariners were trading along the East African coast, you are quite right. However, I would not say that constitutes “most African countries”.
In any case, the reason I did not include them is because this video was not intended to cover every single detail. Only those that served to contribute to an effective summary. Otherwise the video would be hours long.
I did however, mention that the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean were already home to a centuries old mercantile ecosystem, which the Portuguese subsequently shattered.
There is no malicious intent here.
@@Real_History When you explaining how they succeeded isn't it important how they did that. It's the most important turning point in the history of the world. B'cse of that success we are witnessing a different kind of world now.
That's how India got lotted for 200 years
Dude, you don't know what you are talking about.
King D. João I have send spies by land to India, they were fluent in arabic, and went with the caravans to find out about the people in there. Cristobal Columbus was refused to make this trip becouse he did not had the diplomatic profile to deal with people from India, that was proven by the conflicts and murders that he create in the West Islands were he arrive. But he was a great navegator.
Before Columbius it was alrefy known about the existence of land in the west by the portuguese.
And this is documented.
More, Vasco da Gama wasn't exactly an explorer, he was a navigator, but his experty was diplomacy. Another thing, he knew arabic, Also Gama is a name ethimologicaly from arabic.
If the portuguese gane some influence in India was becouse they help the indians in a battle against the arabes, and they win. In compensation they receive land to stablish themselfs as merchants.
Your story telling is just based in prejudice created by a black PR campain that was spread out about the portuguese and the spanish people. Basically lies.
How did the Portuguese already know about the existence of the Americas?
Cristopher Columbus was never in Portuguese service. Besides, da Gama’s voyage departed several years after Columbus had already returned from the Americas.
The assertion that the Portuguese conducted themselves as good and honest traders in India is directly contradicted by contemporary Portuguese sources.
Thomé Lopez was a clerk aboard Vasco da Gama’s ship during his second voyage. He witnessed the destruction of an unarmed ship filled with 400 Muslim pilgrim. He witnessed the Portuguese bombardment of ports and the naval engagement near Calicut.
And this is to say nothing of the ruthlessness of Francisco de Almeida and Afonso de Alberquerque.
🇵🇹👍
Unfortunately the Dutch names were improperly pronounced.
Bad history 101. The fall of Constantinople did not cause the Age of Discovery.
I never said it did. In fact, I explicitly say that Castile and Portugal were already exploring down the west coast of Africa by the 15th century. The fall of Constantinople just added fresh impetus to that contest.
Dutch are very good at stealing indeed... the great realizations of the first protestant power....
*Spain are the Heroes of the Sea who ushered in the Age of Discovery where they built an Empire where the Sun never Set.*
*Spain had Viceroyalties whereby each person got the 'same' rights as any EUropean Spaniard; this was unique because nobody else gave their Citizens equal rights under the Law - the Spanish were the 1st and only power to do so*
❤️ 🇪🇸🇪🇸🇪🇸🇪🇸🇪🇸❤️
...Did you delete your original comment and repost it so that my replies were not visible?
"Spain are the Heroes of the Sea" but you need Portuguese and Italian captains to build an empire ;)
Spain had no control over any ocean, you where always depended on crossing Portuguese waters, you're welcome.
Ahahahahahah, está a correr- te mal, a raiva ??? E a inveja??? Ahahahah
🤣🤣🤣🤣💪🇵🇹
India 🇮🇳 the GOLDEN SPARROW ...Time to time looters come and loot ...
i hated it it sounded so depressing and dead.
Excellent!
Really good! 👍