Why roller coaster loops aren't circular
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- Опубліковано 26 вер 2024
- The G forces were out of this world.
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If you’ve ever been on a modern looping roller coaster, you’ve probably experienced a thrilling, safe, and mostly comfortable ride. But this wasn’t always the case. Just over 100 years ago, loop-the-loops were painful, not sturdy, and much more dangerous than they are today.
Between the 1840s and early 1900s, loops on roller coasters were perfectly circular - meaning riders would go from traveling in a fairly straight line to immediately moving into a curve. This rapid onset of curvature caused extreme G force spikes that rattled passengers to their core.
The first looping roller coaster in North America - Coney Island’s Flip-Flap Railway - could exert up to 14 G's on a person. For reference, astronauts in a spaceship launch experience 3 G’s. Fighter pilots with very special equipment and training can handle 10 G’s for short periods of time. 14 G’s was (and still is) tremendous.
More people paid to watch others ride these early coasters rather than ride themselves. Without sustained success, most looping coasters closed down within their first decade of operation.
Looping coasters wouldn’t find success again until the 1970s with a new loop shape, new materials, many more cars - and, thankfully, fewer G’s. In this video, we break down all the advancements that helped make looping coasters the popular ride they are today.
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June is World Roller Coaster Appreciation month and if you love roller coasters check out American Coaster Enthusiasts, the group that Randy Geisler is a part of. Check out their channel here: ua-cam.com/users/ridewithace
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Thanks for watching!
Why is there an entire month for Roller Coaster Appreciation like it's some kind of issue we want to make aware of
@@julianmuller9567 They deserve a month smh
@@jdmagic I mean who says what's being appreciated that month? They just made that up?
@@julianmuller9567 Literally every coaster enthusiast, and plenty of parks that assist ACE with planning events across the world, including many of the biggest chains such as Cedar Fair, Six Flags, Herschend, etc.
Very interesting
I did learn about this after playing Roller Coaster Tycoon as a kid and wondering why customers find my 20 g-force hypercoaster a bit too intense.
this!
Poor customers
I just came to the same conclusion!
But some customers would think the merry go round is too intense
All you have to do is *not* test it before opening, and then force it to only start with a full car. They'll ride it the first time. Then when no one will get on again, you just need to delete and rebuild a single piece of track. Rinse and repeat.
As someone who studied engineering, works in theme park design, and is just an all around coaster enthusiast, can confirm this video is on point. Even using the the correct geometry based terminology of clothoid loops to describe the “teardrop” loop., made famous by the manufacturer Arrow Dynamics (who also helped make the Matterhorn). Fun thing to notice, Arrow built a number of geometry based coasters (as opposed to force-based) with the clothoid loop. But for a long time only used one size for the loops design. So the bigger the first drop, the higher the same sized loop had to be off the ground. Examples, Great American Scream Machine, or the still operating Viper at Six Flags Magic Mountain.
Agreed with your 289 text in this comment 👍
what engineering did you study?
Anaconda at Kinds Dominion too hahah
Listen to this guy, Andre iz smart
@@jakethecake6952 I studied civil and structural engineering, though mechanical may be more preferred if wanting to deal with the physics and movement of the coaster. Structural obviously deals more with the non-moving parts of a coaster like the supports
I love Vox because I never know what I’m going to learn about when we get an upload but I’m never disappointed ☺️ this is so interesting and makes sense. I still don’t like rollercoasters but I like the science behind it lol
I love how they always get an expert in something super random.
I've seen your comments on a lot of channels I love, and they're always so thoughtful and positive!
I co-sign EVERY part of your comment!
Farming subscribers here too, I see
@@Zorajit Um 😐 We have a gazillion political channels.
I agree that we’re losing our democracy though, and watching pretty cool channels about it. Take care and VOTE 🗳
We voted Tuesday here in Illinois.
I would like to thank Chris Sawyer for his RollerCoaster Tycoon series for introducing the concepts of rollercoasters (and theme parks) to millions of children like me, who are either unable or less fortunate to go to one. But I'll always enjoy to go on one in any shape or size...
You could’ve afforded to go a couple times with the cost of that game
@@chris1z142 They didn't mention cost in their comment. There's plenty of reasons why a child may have never been to one. I know for my family, the issue was that my parents worked a lot of hours just to barely scrape by, and were simply too exhausted to make a multi-hour journey to one on one of their rare days off. Though on the point of cost, I borrowed the game from a friend, as I'm sure many did at that time (and knockoff copies were definitely widely available).
I loved that game as a kid!
I'd also like to thank him for introducing me to the concept of g-forces and how that can make or break a ride. Didn't fully understand what caused ultra-extreme g's tho until more recently, thanks to Marcel Vos's vids.
@@MadameSomnambule shoutout Marcel
I live half an hour from HersheyPark and visit frequently. When I was younger, I hated coasters, but SooperDooperLooper was one of the first ones I tried to get over my fear and it barely even realized I was going around the loop! Thanks Vox for explaining the technology behind smoothing the g force and the mechanisms in place to make these things awesome (yes I do love coasters now)!
As a Marylander, Hershey also got me over my fear of coasters. Fahrenheit was sick!
I also live about an hour from Hershey! I also live close to Knoebels! If you live in PA it’s definitely worth a try. They have some of the best wooden roller coasters i’ve ever been on. So much fun.
i'm from PA and always loved going to Hershey Park as a kid. Skyrush is my fave roller coaster!
Upstate NY checking in. Hersheypark is my families favorite park for many reasons. My favorite 2 coasters there are Great Bear and Lightning Racer. Our son and I enjoy MOST of the coasters there with his favorite being Skyrush and Lightning Racer. Our least favorite though is Wildcat.
my first upside down coaster as well! love Hershey ❤️
This is also exactly why the radius of turns in roads are variable, just such that the steering input is gradual rather than you having to flick it in. This is especially evident with on-off ramps of highways.
I've hit a couple abrupt ones and almost wrecked
I still don't see why big roads need to be curved, they are way to wide for you to feel an unforgettable lateral force if they were not banked.
@@maxhagenauer24 So your brain doesn't phase out staring down a long stretch of fuckall.
@@maxhagenauer24 They curve them to get around things like mountains or hills we don't really notice much while driving. Probably made their job much easier when putting them in. If you're in the midwest that seems fairly straight to me. In the appalachians very curvy because of all the hills and mountains.
@@maxhagenauer24 I have no idea what you're asking about, but if you're asking why roads are BANKED or slanted in other words, that's for rain water to flow off of them more quickly instead of flowing along the length of the road, making it slippery especially with icing in winter.
Vox over here making a video about rollercoaster engineering and they did their research to the point where enthusiasts won't be able to rip this video apart. I'm impressed. Well done!
I loved the quick flash to Olympia Looping in that transition near the end there.
The only thing is that round loops do exist. Just not made by arrow. You can however find them on geurslauers.
@@CrumsTheCreator Yeah but they're not perfectly circular + they're massive in size
Funny thing, Art of Engineering explained it very similarly about 3 years ago, so...
For a similar reason train tracks and street curves (like offramps) aren't perfect circle sections like you may find on a model railway either. If they were, turns would be really violent or require you to turn your wheel in an instant.
Exactly, instead of semicircles they use segments of a spiral arc to make the turns smoother
It isn't that the circular section is "violent," but that it starts and ends too smoothly, and drivers' reaction delay leads them to go past the point where they should start turning noticeably. Making an unnaturally abrupt start to the curve (which is often how the curve is altered) forces the driver to start the curve sooner. With roads, which are much wider than most of the vehicles traveling on them, this is also an adjustment to the better drivers who will turn sooner on their own and run on the shoulder if you don't give them more space on the inside of the curve. With roller coasters it's different because there can be no deviations.
Yea transition tracks increase the centripetal force gradually and not immediately
Partly similar but in a rollercoaster the speed drops predictably as the car goes up then increases as it goes down which is why the bend radius is much smaller at the top. At 5:13 it's clear the G force is nearly constant.
SCIENCE!
This explains why athletes have so much trouble when they try to ride full pipes or loops. Every loop I've ever seen built for skateboard, bike, motorcycle, etc were all perfect circles.
I wonder if any of them ever tried these types of loops
@@MrStamperh your*
wow good point
@@kirablagoev8534 no, they used the correct use. "Without christ, YOU ARE lost"
@@kirablagoev8534 it’s correct. Learn English
Been putting off watching this video because it didn't seem interesting from the title and thumbnail. I'm glad I was proven wrong. Absolutely amazing story telling and the amount of work required to tell it is inspiring and the quality is AMAZING! Here's hoping this becomes a new genre of investigative journalism throughout UA-cam. Please do more of this!
All of their videos are this high-quality, so subscribe for more!
@@PogieJoe I just did :)
Bro saying putting off for 1 hour lol. You definitely on YT 24/7.
Thanks Hypercane. We'd love to hear more from you - please get in touch with us at voxvideo@vox.com!
You commented 1 hour after the video was uploaded… lol
Amazing that a news company can get you interested in almost anything
I mean, you could make them circular, if you wanted people to be flatter
Why does this comment have no replies
also hi 5mmm
“Superdooperlooper”
Best name ever for a roller coaster
One time I was seated next to a blind middle schooler on Magic Mountain's Revolution. A bunch of people started screaming like as soon as the ride started moving and this 13ish year old just yelled " *WHY ARE YOU ALL SCREAMING??? I'M BLIND AND I'M NOT EVEN SCARED!!* "
Classic pubescent snark 😂
Are you serious??? 😑 few days ago I searched up the whole internet for this question cause I needed it for my Physics class. If only u had made this video before 😓
Maybe one of the vox's editor is your classmate and he made this after he finished the assigment
Lol dang 😭
Its kinda everywhere you search, there are tons of other physics videos of it.
Tysm I was always uncomfortable about how rollercoasters aren’t round . I thought it would look gorgeous round.
Good thing engineers don’t aim for gorgeous.
Oh ya he died.
But u should have seen the loop to loop he went thruu
Sooooo legit perf
There's a reason why even planetary orbits are eclipses.
@@traplover6357 Even earth itself is an elongated spheroid. nature abhors a circle i guess.
have you ever heard of the fireball or ring of fire.
Nah, we jumped a whole part of history once the tubular steel was mentioned: who thought to go from a one car structure to multicar? And how much testing was involved? I don't like coasters at all but this was an interesting video. Thank you!
That jump was pretty made with the first modern loopers like Corkscrew at Knott's and Revolution at Magic Mountain.
They made the loop much bigger to reduce the G force and that also allowed them to fit bigger trains
Multicar train already exist before bottom wheel even exist for rollercoaster.
Multiple cars just kinda happened. Arrow dynamics ahd Schwarzkopf did it around the same time. Except arrow was wildly more popular.
Multiple cars in a train had been a thing for a long time, earlier ones even featuring a brakeman who had to manually brake the train
i live super close to hershey and i’m basically there every week or two in the summer and it’s super fun, the sooperdooperlooper was my first ever coaster and it’s what go me into coasters really. it’s a really interesting and fun ride even though it seems kinda lame to today’s standards.
I live close to the grocery store I bought bread butter and cheese. Then I made and ate a grilled cheese sandwich.
I went on my first looping coaster in 1978 at Astroworld in Houston. The ride was a shuttle-loop coaster named Greased Lightnin’. It was unbelievably thrilling at the time. A few years later I went on the Judge Roy Scream at Six Flags Over Texas, which was a full coaster with two loops! It seemed like no roller coaster could ever get more exciting than that. Now, that sort of ride is very tame compared to most other coasters.
shoutouts to judge roy scream, the rattler, and the texas giant!
So great to see our very own Professor Matt!
I had not even noticed the non-circle shape before watching this video. This explains everything in a good way!
Corkscrew at cedar point was technically the first tear drop/Clothoid shaped vertical loop. Revolution was the first to do a successful vertical loop with more of a circular shape. The 2 we're by different manufactured and different styles.
Yup. The Corkscrew was built by the American builder "Arrow Dynamics" who also made the Matterhorn bobsleds, but the Great American Revolution, as well as the Sooperdooperlooper were made by the German Rollercoaster builder Anton Schwarzkopf, who by this point were Arrow's biggest competitor for large scale steel rollercoasters.
Since revolution opened a week before I'm sure that's why it's gets the credit that's how it goes sometimes
I never thought there eould be an expert on roaler coasters, turns out there is in fact an expert for literally everything.
I love the "Olympia Looping" at 5:51, it seems to be the biggest mobile multiple loop roller coaster in the world.
I try to ride it every time it is in town.
Oh yeah absolutely. Olympia is always such a fun ride
The photo of Olympia looks very circular, is that just camera angle?
@@prestonksp3432 Schwarzkopf coasters like the Olympia Looping are pretty old, and as far as I know it wasn't that big of a standard to make the teardrop shaped loops back then. It shows when you're riding it, the loops are pretty intesnse!
@@aequus2196 No, Schwarzkopf together with Werner Stengel introduced the clothoid loop back into roller coaster making, they are the base of the reemergence of the loop. The first loop on Olympia Looping is a deviation of the clothoid form, but only because they knew how to do it. It rides wonderful.
With the "Thriller" they even managed to build two loops behind each other, a feat Arrow could've never managed with their cookie cutter elements.
I once convinced my sister that the sooper dooper looper did not have a loop in it. She still hasn’t forgiven me, and the rest of our family hasn’t let her hear the end of it 😂
Your sister is blind, and you tricked her like that?
I’m not sure how I feel about you now…
I'm a massive roller coaster fan. Thankfully I had the chance to go to Six Flags a few times and Sea World once growing up. I had no idea that the physics were like this. Very interesting. Great video. Thank you.
What does Sea World have to do with this?
The amount of research that went into this is so awesome
And they also want you to spin round and round:
Watch out, here I come
You spin me right 'round, baby
Right 'round like a record, baby
Right 'round, 'round, 'round
You spin me right 'round, baby
Right 'round like a record, baby
Right 'round, 'round, 'round
You spin me right 'round, baby
Right 'round like a record, baby
Right 'round, 'round, 'round
You spin me right 'round, baby
Right 'round like a record, baby
Right 'round, 'round, 'round
MEATSPIN VIBES
You spin me right round, baby, right round, in a manner depriving me of an inertial reference frame, baby.
Lets just say that they found a loophole
Get out
There is a small problem that yall forgot which is that the flip flap railway and loop de loop needed circular loops to complete the loop without passengers and cars falling off the track and crashing into the bottom of the loop because they didn't have upstop wheels.
You mean they needed enough speed and thus high g-forces to create enough centrifugal force. The loops would still have been better with the cochloid shape.
@@Robbedem Exactly but they didnt think clothoid loops because in the 1800s to early 1900s safety was the second priorty
I don't actually know if they had upstop wheel back then but if not, you still get a little under 12 Gs on the top of the loop when you only need 1 G to keep it up so it doesn't fall.
I first heard about the Flip Flap Railway on "Citation Needed." While that was fascinating and hilarious, this is much clearer.
To be fair, the mashmellow bearings were an excellent inclusion.
Those poor donkeys
@@taylorboulton177 IKR
Oh! I've heard of this one from Tech Diff with Matt Parker!
I really wanna go on those mental 14g perfect circles. they sound awesome
Until you blackout from weighing a ton.
@@carultch LOL
Spin a ball on a string in your hand and just sense the forces you feel in your hand.
Then try to make a Smith circular spin straight after starting and try make a Smith sensible exit mimicking the shapes of these loops.
You will see the circular spin exerts more pressure on you and is much more tricky to complete in a perfect circle as it naturally wants to break up the shape. It also shows that a less circular path exerts less pressure on the Shape as a whole meaning that structural integrity is safer not only due to material but the trajectory it's self
First step: actually learn how to spin a ball on a string in your hand
Teardrop shaped loops help make the ride more gentle on the human body.
Unfortunately, yes.
@@maxhagenauer24 ah yes, the chaotic evil.
@@chrono9503 What im saying is they never needed to get rid of circular loops, that's what made them fun and now they are forceless. All we have left are Schwarzdof Looper loops that are almost circular but aren't.
Did the first one actually subject the passengers to 14 g's? Or was that just AN example of a circular loop and not a model of one that was actually put into practice? Because 14 g's is a lot. The hypothetical euthanasia coaster would only be about 10 g's but it would keep it up for a minute. Never mind the acceleration function being discontinuous, just it being 14 is a problem.
It was also troubling that it was suggested that circular coaster riders were subject to an instantaneous jump from one to fourteen g’s.
That is not possible. It could be very dramatic change - but not instant.
Man, seeing people use apostrophes to make plurals (it should either be Gs or "G"s) makes my eye twitch.
@@englishatheart Actually if you wanna be totally pedantic/correct about it, the correct way to spell out a reference to the letter G is to write "gee" or "gees." Not makin this up, Google it!
@@balthazothrenier9048 thanks, I hate it LOL
There's something off about those graphs. No way it is 14 g. The graph shows the modern coaster at 9 g, which also wrong. Halve those numbers and you're on the money. A circle would be more like 7 g and a modern loop 4.5 g.
Man, the people that designed the Flip Flap Railway must've been lured in by easy appeal of a nice circle. They clearly needed some citations
The bars on this show are really wide
Short simple to the point and informative! Thanks, I actually learned something!
Cool! I like how the video avoided reporting how many people died from those early days 14G loops.
Most lily any damage to health was felt later, after ride long over.
@@williamhaynes7089 OMG - I'm surprised if there weren't any lawsuits over this!! 🙀
1889: circle roller coaster
1976: oval roller coaster
2879: s q u a r e r o l l e r c o a s t e r
Why are you thinking in shapes instead of dimensions? :)
4879: 4 d r o l l e r c o a s t e r
Your graph at 5:12 shows the Clothoid Loop peaking at above 10G, but then you claimed that it peaks at 4.9G - are all your graphs inaccurate?
I think the 4.9 is like the average all around. You only have those high spikes of 10 G’s for not even half a second. So 4.9 Gs is around the average a rider will feel during the loop in total. I don’t know if I make sense. But I hope I help
@@eatyourvegetables1449 no, 10 g is dangerous even for less than half a second. i think that 4.9 g is the max force, so the graph may be inaccurate
@@thebestplayerispatapete4564 Fighter pilots are trained to pull up to 9g's.
@@eatyourvegetables1449 but most people aren't fighter pilots
What they said about 6 gs making you pass out, there's a coaster at kings dominion in VA called the intimidator or something like that it's a Dale Earnhardt themed coaster. The first drop is like 300ft straight down then you hit a 80° banked turn. EVERY single time I've rode it I black out on that first turn. So I'm guessing it's right at 6gs
Intimidator 305 goes to about 4.5 gs (which is still a lot for a rollercoaster), but people still black out because it's a sustained force throughout that whole helix turn. Very few rollercoasters nowadays reach 6 gs.
I believe they had to re-profile intimidator 305 after it opened because the initial layout was too intense
@@OffByHearttt Yep, the second half of the turn leading into the airtime hill was raised off the ground so you would go through it slower and experience less gs.
@@fyre5287 Typical Intamin as usual
Shockwave at Six Flags Over Texas actually pulls more Gs, 5.9 I believe. I305 pulls around 4.5.
Fantastic job, Vox team!
Animation, story, edit, and sound were all on point :)
I've been on a loop that pushed my head down so hard that I felt like my neck was gonna snap. It seems not all engineers have learned since the late 1800s.
you still probably only felt around 5-6Gs, far safer then 14G which would probably actually injure u
Proud to say that Hershey park is 2 hours away from me in NYC and I have ridden the Sooperdooperlooper every time I go to Hersey. That ride is so much fun and the loop is no joke 😂
Hershey is my home park. I love when riders get on the SooperDooperLooper and go that's it? Expecting more than one loop.
They must be missing out - it''s three great parts - the circular shape of the loop that makes it so unique and fun, then swinging back through the loop and then winding along the terrain along the hill and through the trees. It's a classic!
i love the SuperDooperLooper; Its the first coaster I ever rode and there is hardly ever a line
You said Great American Revolution went up to about 4.9, but that chart clearly shows it still going up to about 11.
this ties perfectly with my recent roller coaster tycoon obsession, thank you!
this ties in perfectly with my general roller coaster obsession lol.
Love ACE! I ride a coaster called Shockwave all the time, and true to its name it’s incredibly forceful. This thing opened in 1978 and pulls a whopping 5.9G’s during its double loop sequence, making it the second most forceful in the world. Incredible ride. Always fascinating hearing how these things are engineered
The coaster community has got room for more folks!
being a president of coaster enthusiasts is now one of my goals in life
Very interesting video, I never thought about it but it's cool how they perfected it.
Also, why are people disliking this video (Browser plugin sees all)? It's science, that's how it is.
The Souper dooper Looper is a pretty smooth coaster.
What! Matt Anderson was my physics professor at SDSU. Great professor and great guy!
Did you see him teach in person when he uses the learning glass writing board?
@@carultch Yes! I had his class in 2017, so post-pilot program I guess. They interviewed me about the system and used that clip in some early promos for Learning Glass. I even got to go to see him get an award for it and my interview was in the presentation.
I'm a big Matt Anderson fan and the system was a fantastic idea!
@@anthonyfaye3344 What was it like seeing the two mirror images of him while watching his lectures? Did you feel inclined to watch the real version of him, where the writing is backwards from your point of view, or did you instinctively look to the screen to see his writing reversed so it is legible?
I feel like that's the drawback is that the live audience would be more inclined to watch him in the flesh where his writing is backwards, than to watch the live video where it looks the way it is intended. The best part is when he has to go against his instincts and use his left hand for the right hand rule, so that the figure in the video uses his right hand.
I know about this because of citation needed, thanks tom
I love vox so much like they have a very wide scope of contents to share. A+ for their research based ideas too. Its like there are things im so curious but never popped a question yet but vox is here to give an absolute great answer haha
Sad that you didnt mentioned the genius behind the first looping; Werner Stengel, a german engineer, who developed the clothoid shape and also drawed the conctruction. He also developed even more systems like the heart-line role and other forms.
That´s the type of information I demand from internet. CLASSIC !!! love it
5:21 "How many Gs to hit" I hate my mind 🤣
Sooper Doppler Looper was my first roller coaster 🤘🏽. What a timeless ride
Graystillplays: "Amateurs. MORE ZEROES!"
My fellow intellectual
דכ
I wish they'd bring back the original circular loops for a more extreme experience for people who can handle them with a big warning sign before you get on the ride
Even after watching this I’d be lying if I said I didn’t want to at least try the 14G Victorian skull-thrasher.
The physics behind why roller coaster loops aren't circular is also behind why road and railroad curves don't transition immediately from straight to circular-segment curves, but instead use a "Transition Curve" to ease the sideways forces.
So, on those first circular rollercoasters people were getting knocked out by G forces several times in one ride? 🥴 yikes
yeah its weird but i feel like roller coasters in general have become more safer and more comfortable while also feeling more intense and scarier at the same time. heck i would even say the fear and intense factor are getting less and less lol.
It’s amazing what you find in the middle of the night on UA-cam 😅
That's awesome that the mechanical engineering "consultant" became so inspired by the question to veer off and do a bunch of scientific analysis on his own lol of course, I suppose we all found ourselves with slightly more time, during the once-in-a-century worldwide Pandemic lockdown situation than usual. 👍
It's still fairly impressive, answering the question with science.
20th century roller coaster loops are quite a wild ride.
Me, an sdsu alum, "Professor Anderson? Still teachin me physics, years later". Nice 👏🏾
It blew my mind when I first knew that there were loops in the Victorian era, even before the mass began to use electricity ... ! people on loopings with top hats and corsets 🤣.
safety wasn't really considered important in the Victorian era. ;)
@@Robbedem Putting arsenic in wallpaper, chemicals in the things that you sell to make them look nicer, wearing a thing that pinches your ribs (but makes you look nicer).. NICE
@@GerbenDavid Corsets do make women look really hot though
loved learning about the coaster enthusiasts!! how wonderful :)
And in 1975, we went on "The world's first spiral roller coaster" at Knott's Berry Farm. It was supposed to be like a nineteen-twenties Coney Island twister.
As a physics student, I'm going to guess the roundness of the loop meant that sufficient speed to complete the loop and still continue down the track would result in excessive upward force at the apex of the loop, which would eventually damage the structure.
Nor sure what you are saying but obviously the more and more the train goes over the track with that force, the more stress being put on the structure which will make the ride rough. That's why coasters get retracked.
As a rollercoaster enthusiast, I approve of this video 👍🏽
As a roller coaster enthusiast I find this video is lacking
The clothoid loop requires lower entry and exit speeds which keep the G forces within reasonable levels.
I worked at King Dominion Park, in central Virginia, in the Machinists "Tool Crib', meting out Parts as needed. As Such, I got a nifty "insider's view" of the Constructs of the various Coasters. A Huge concern was 'G-loads', where a Coaster's speed, on a given Curve, would possibly injure a Rider. A good example was in the 'Volcano', a Mag-lev propelled, Vertically accelerated, inverted-loop, spiral descent coaster being 'built & tested' when I first got there. It could exceed 5 g's, and that was a Concern! It got 'down-to under 3-g's, and still made the top 'Immelman roll' out of the Top of the "volcano" mountain construct. But, for the first few weeks of Ops in Public, there was an, um, 'Impact Area', where loosely tied shoes, boots, etc., would Land, about 150 yds. from the 'Top' of the Ride. We had to reconsider, what was 'allowed' as manageable footwear as a result of one unlucky patron, in the I.A.. have his whole Food-Tray taken out, by a size 11 Boot, from Above... Quite unpredictably! If you may the forces too great, things happen beyond the 'expected' Thrill!
My mom is a very tall woman. At over 6'5'', she's historically had to be picky about which cars to buy, and it turns out that she doesn't fit perfectly in all amusement park rides, either. She experienced this bigtime after she went on a loop-the-loop rollercoaster... without a harness. She realized that her legs were too long for the bars to properly lock over her, but wasn't able to hail an attendant to get her off the ride before it was too late. All she could do was hold on literally for dear life, which resulted in an extremely sore back. Thank goodness for centrifugal force, I guess, or else my sister and I might not even be here.
didnt happen. its impossible for a coaster to start without every harness closed, especially looping coasters.
@@happysword258 I don't think it happened either but it's definitely possible to dispatch some coasters (including loopers) with the restraints open
I grew up riding the wooden coaster the Comet in Crystal Beach, brother to the one in Coney Island.
I rode the Super Dooper Looper many a time as a young kid on the early 80's. It was quite the sensation. Loved it! Never got the t-shirt though.
Grew up on Revolution! They kinda make a big deal about it at the park, but it’s super cool to know it’s the first of the hollow steel tracks and modern loops!
Awesome seeing Sooperdooperlooper on here!
I loved riding the Laser Loop when it was in Kennywood Park here in Pittsburgh. The ride was sold and taken out in the mid early to mid 90’s.
I rode it many times before joining the Navy. The Laser Loop was powered by an old steam catapult from the USS Lexington aircraft carrier, that oddly enough I got to ride in 1987 for a "CQ demo" out of Ft Lauderdale while in VA-37 stationed at NAS Cecil Field. GO BULLS !!..
I got caught off guard by a loop at Disneyland Paris on the Indiana Jones ride. We thought it would be a nice calm ride to ease into but I almost broke my neck bc I was looking around and then the loop came unexpectedly 😭😭 I had a stiff neck for like 3 days
How long ago was this?
@@MeneTekelUpharsin like two years ago 🧍🏻♀️
I live close to Hershey and also used to work there. The first time I went on it, my head went forward and was like that for the whole loop but then came back up haha! Just my advice, press your head back as you enter the loop. Fun though and you feel secure even though it’s not an over your shoulder seat
Class of '84 class trip, great day. I can't believe that ride is still operating.
Dear Vox team, I really like your educational videos. They seem to be really well researched.
It’s just the editing with all the soundeffects (like clicking, typing, writing, marking …) are a big distraction. You have seemd to increase the use of these effects. Especially for people like me who have hearing troubles or a sensitive to certain noises like the ones listed above , it’s hard to follow the video. I have opted to watch your videos one mute with subtitles. But this may be not only effecting me and it would make the accessibility of your content much better if you could stop using these effects.
Hey there! We'd love to hear more about this from you. If you'd like, reach out to us at voxvideo@vox.com. Thank you!
It's sad that you have had a bad experience and I hope you find a solution.
Still, the editing of Vox is one of the best on youtube, at last when it comes to such content and what Vox does is not really educational videos but more short exciting documentaries.
And because the editing is so well done in combination with these little sound effects, the video just gets so much livelier, more interesting, and more fun to watch, as the storytelling has risen to a better next level, this is one of the reasons why Vox it's so successful and still relevant.
They are able to transform a boring story ideas into interesting fun to watch Story, most movies/documentarys would be as successful as they are if they stopped to use sound effects, as they are the very foundation of good storytelling... It's often better than monotonous videos that you can see everywhere.
Most people either like or haven't noticed these additions. You've already found a way to peruse their free quality content, yet want them to change their format to accommodate you? Seems kinda selfish, TBH.
@@Vox And I am *really happy* that Vox has reached out and asked Mirka to contact them to tell them more about Mirka's experience of this type of video, and what they could do to improve things to be more kind and inclusive to the public. **VOX, YOU ROCK** *!!* 🙌😻💖
This video has 2011 Travel Channel vibes and I’m very ok with that.
I just went to Alton Towers yesterday this video is very well timed
Bruh I live in Hershey and I never thought I’d see the day where we become relevant for a reason besides our chocolate.
I saw old B&W photos of boardwalk rollercoasters from the late 1800s and I saw a "teardrop" loop in one photo, so they knew about the kinetics back then.
Looping rollercoasters were invented on my birthday. Explains a lot
Loops aren't scary at all. it's actually quite fun and exhilarating. for those wondering how it feels, at first when your going up the loop it feels like your being pushed down into you seat but no butterflies in you stomach then when you upside down, you literally feel like you floating. and the decent down the loop is the same thing as the first.
even though all of that may seem scary it is so goshdarn fun!
Ehh, it depends on the loop, some of these older loops will sustained the positive G so its still over 1 G when upside down so you still get pushed into your seat when upside down. And the butterfly thing I don't get what you mean.
And going down you're not going to feel like when you went up they are opposite feelings you'll feel like your being pushed "up" and depending on the position of the exit either right at beginning your being pushed "into" the bottom of the cart (but still in the direction of up) or near the bottom half its pushing you up and out the cart into the shoulder straps.
If you want to learn more about this topic, I highly suggest you watch "The Real Physics of Roller Coaster Loops" by Art of Engineering on youtube. It goes deep into the different formulas and is all around really interesting if you're into roller coasters and physics (and the physics of roller coasters!)
I'm just guessing a whiteboard is in the video.
as a child I went through one of these, got my head pulled down by the G-force, and had back pain for a few weeks after that
I have been on magic mountians revolution at least 100 times. I waited for 4 hours to ride colossus the first week it opened. About half way back in the car. As we were making the last turn into the station the lap bar came up. Before we got to the station. The station staff did not believe that my lap bar came up. Park staff did not believe me. About 2 weeks later a young woman was killed when they said she slipped out from under the lap bar. I know better. I warned them .
😱😭😡
Thanks for helping explain G Force! Now i can understand all those G Force in Top Gun a bit better
Is there anything you still don't understand cause I can probably help, I have always been really interested in the study of G forces on all rides and vehicles, if you want to know more, tell me.
As a rollercoaster enthusiast, this video is refreshingly well-researched. Keep it up fellas :)
How were people not dying after being subject to around 14G's in the very first ones? It seems a little extreme to me. It's even mentioned in the video that humans can withstand up to 6G's, but only for a second, or else we would pass out
The human body can actually deal with about 9g sustained, and much more if it's brief. John Stapp for example survived en acceleration of 46g for about a second.
There are videos where people withstand over 9gs for a minute or two
This little physics lesson helped me on my Planet Coaster build.