Beyond holograms: Star Wars-inspired 3D images float in free space
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- Опубліковано 23 вер 2024
- “This display is like a 3D printer for light. You’re actually printing an object in space with these little particles.” - Daniel Smalley, #BYU electrical engineering professor. BYU engineers have developed a technique for creating a full-color 3D graphic display that can float in free space and is visible from any angle. Inspired by the displays of science fiction--most notably the iconic Star Wars' Princess Leia projection--the new Optical Trap Display (OTD) technique, creates a 3D volumetric image by trapping and illuminating a particle with a laser, and then scanning the image in free space. Unlike a hologram, a volumetric image is created in free-space and is visible from any angle. BYU electrical engineering professor Daniel Smalley and co-authors publish their research ("A photophoretic-trap volumetric display') in the January 24, 2018, issue of the journal Nature.
Media inquires please contact Todd Hollingshead (toddh@byu.edu)
Video produced by BYU University Communications: Julie Walker (producer); Brian Wilcox (DP), Hannah Hansen (editor)
Copyright BYU
Special thanks to the films that inspired the research:
Star Wars (courtesy 20th Century Fox and LucasFilm)
Avatar (courtesy 20th Century Fox and Lightstorm Entertainment)
Iron Man (courtesy Marvel Studios, The Walt Disney Studios)
All rights retained by the copyright holders
News release from Todd Hollingshead, Brigham Young University:
See: bit.ly/2n7A9sh
Better than a hologram: BYU study produces 3D images that float in thin air
Photophoretic-trap volumetric display produces full-color graphics in free space
In the original Star Wars film, R2D2 projects an image of Princess Leia in distress. The iconic scene includes the line still famous 40 years later: “Help me Obi Wan Kenobi, you’re my only hope.”
BYU engineering professor and holography expert Daniel Smalley has long had a goal to create the same type of 3D image projection. In a paper published this week in Nature, Smalley details the method he has developed to do so.
“We refer to this colloquially as the Princess Leia project,” Smalley said. “Our group has a mission to take the 3D displays of science fiction and make them real. We have created a display that can do that.”
First things, first, Smalley says. The image of Princess Leia is not what people think it is: It’s not a hologram. A 3D image that floats in air, that you can walk all around and see from every angle, is actually called a volumetric image. Examples of volumetric images include the 3D displays Tony Stark interacts with in Ironman or the massive image-projecting table in Avatar.
A holographic display scatters light only at a 2D surface. If you aren’t looking at that surface you won’t see the 3D image because you must be looking at the scattering surface to see the image. A volumetric display has little scattering surfaces scattered throughout a 3D space - the same space occupied by the 3D image - so if you are looking at the image you’re are also looking at the scatters. For this reason, a volumetric image can be seen from any angle.
Smalley and his coauthors have devised a free -space volumetric display platform, based on photophoretic optical trapping, that produces full-color, aerial volumetric images with 10-micron image points by persistence of vision.
“We’re using a laser beam to trap a particle, and then we can steer the laser beam around to move the particle and create the image,” said undergrad coauthor Erich Nygaard.
Smalley said the easiest way to understand what they are doing is to think about the images they create like 3D-printed objects.
“This display is like a 3D printer for light,” Smalley said. “You’re actually printing an object in space with these little particles.”
So far Smalley and his student researchers have 3D light printed a butterfly, a prism, the stretch-Y BYU logo, rings that wrap around an arm and an individual in a lab coat crouched in a position similar to Princess Leia as she begins her projected message.
While previous researchers outside of BYU have done related work to create volumetric imagery, the Smalley team is the first to use optical trapping and color effectively. Their method of trapping particles and illuminating it with colorful lasers you can see is novel.
“We’re providing a method to make a volumetric image that can create the images we imagine we’ll have in the future,” Smalley said.
Please commercialize this within my lifetime
Sure. :DDD
We'll do our best.
Same 😭😭
1:27 THEY MADE A VOLUMETRIC CHARMANDER THAT'S HELLA CUTE
Since these are real particles, the algorithm to create a 3D hologram and make all the particles move in complete synchronization would be massively complex! The software would be more mind-blowing than laser projection onto a trapped particle.
I would not think so - essentially, we already have solved that problem for 3d-printing for example. Using multiple particles could be made easier if every particle just has its "pocket" to fill. Then its just dividing the image into cubes.
In software code actually you would be surprised. The object is to make the code simple, not complex. So an algorithm to make stuff like this happen is probably more about sequentialization of the process and may not even be more than 100 lines of code.
This is incredible! It’s very hard to believe due to how far this team, and the university has went with volumetric holograms. I’m sadly still a little confused on how this work, but I got great deal of understanding on this project. I got an idea about holograms, and got curious about how this works. Thank you for sharing this amazing research with us.
Photophoresis is cool. I'd imagine you could also achieve similar results with acoustic trapping. The latter technique has the advantage of being able to levitate larger objects and several at once, one within each acoustic node in the standing wave.
Cool to see this happening! I remember being given a little tour of this project when I visited BYU with my father.
I had always though about this type of technology. Knowing well that a particle would have been used to reflect light. Have you though about setting a base filled with nanoscopic particle what are able to be magnetized. This would allow the particles to be moved around within the magnetic field (our your laser particle manipulator) and illuminating the particle.
I can visualize the first "true" holographic set to be something akin to the old tube TV sets. It would probable have a heavy base where all the components would go. The center would have the laser emitters affixed to angle microscopic mirrors for the said particles. Each particle would have its own microscopic guidance system. It would function in the same manner as the old cathode ray tube TV sets where the electrons were guided in the X and Y coordinate system. However, due to the complexity a base for the X and Y coordinates would be used, and one back wall for the additional Z coordinate along with any other color and image stabilizers.
Thanks to all working on this.
This is totally Mind-Blowing!! Excellent work!
full-color 3D graphic display and holograms AWESOMEEE!!
From this moment on, I will always refer to any full volume projection technology as a Leia projector.
microparticles + acoustic levitation / sonic tractor multi dimentions + lasers and system IR infrared(system kinect) = hologram touch... also instead of laser it could be used as particles... "nano leds" that work by magnetic induction
This is just amazing. And at the same time, I cannot help but think of how much this manages to feel similar to what happens in atoms, in my mind.
You mean like you feel this is how you see images in your head?
Who knew that mormons would bring us holograms
Here are a few interesting facts: a Mormon (who was also an alumni of BYU) Philo Farnsworth invented television. Another BYU alum/Mormon named Harvey Fletcher invented stereophonic sound and the first hearing aids.
Came here to say this. Mormons brought you TV, why not holograms?
@@BYU They invented these things because they were fed up wit their boring way of life! :D Also I might be wrong, but I remember the guy saying that it's not a hologram?
They also brought you Battlestar Galactica and Enders Game.
@@destinswartz6111 and yet they think jesus was white and lived in America. Just goes to show there's more than one kind of intelligent.
This is super interesting, it's like how people make oscilloscope images, but in 3D
One of the things that I want to see before I die
Very exciting where they're heading from there..
How sensitive is this technology to air currents? Can I interact with the image in a meaningful manner and not just blow it all away constantly?
If you touch the particle, the image gets disrupted. However, you could place your finger very close to the image without disrupting the image if the trap is a good one.
+Sandor Szeles
>"How sensitive is this technology to air currents? Can I interact with the image in a meaningful manner and not just blow it all away constantly?"
I just read the paper, and apparently it's actually fairly robust. It's not going to stand up to wind, but you should be able to breathe on it or make hand gestures without messing it up. (It *will* be disrupted if you actually touch the particle and knock it out of the trap, but the particle can achieve pretty high velocities and accelerations; it should definitely be feasible to track your hand and maneuver the particle around it.)
A ficçao virando realidade. É provavel que muitos nascidos hoje vejam hologramas naturalmente em umas duas decadas
This is Amazingly Great 😯
Bring it
I feel like magnetics will be the answer.
So what happens to the particles if you install this volume image and you pass through it? Do you stick to people? Or is it fixed?
It probably just get distorted because they are made of physical particles.
This makes Voxon's display look pedestrian! The tech behind this is so far beyond the tech I have seen from other Volumetric displays. Which, are already next level!
A VD that wont take your had off if you poke it. 😂 It's like a 3D cathode ray tube.... very cool!
....Now, do it with multiple partials, 6 feet high and we have a winner.
What's next, levitating vehicles, shields, light sabers, warp speed or teletransportation?
I always through holograms would be unfeasible. But with advances in tech it's starting to seem like it might be possible.
Though it'd take a ton of time and work to make it act like it does in the movies.
I mean if I'm going to video chat with someone I'm not going to use a hologram, but it'd be neat to see one in a mall or something. And could be helpful for 3d visualisation in project planning or presentations
What sort of particle is used and how does the trap work?
Awesome, very exciting.
Science rocks... serilously
Very cool,
Now just add more lasers / particles for more scanlines right ;)
Yes. That's the plan.
Within 50 years?, lol, when this takes off is a rather uncertain date to this point.. But 50 years?.
Ask yourself, how the world will look like in 50 years, likely most things will not be the same any longer..
>"Now just add more lasers/particles for more scanlines, right ;)"
Yep. They actually mention that specifically in the paper as a way to achieve higher framerates, by drawing the image with multiple particles in parallel. It's not even that hard.
@@danielsmalley6504 Can combining particles be used for creating a volumetric display?. Have you ever tried it before?
sadly its about 100,000 years away from us, not mentioning about the price for a single piece of SLM and an array of RGB lasers.
Princess Leia? Star Trek's holodeck is what I'm talking about.
Finally holograms
It's not holograms, but something better.
Not holograms, These are Volumetric images in mid air..
Danilo Margarido what is it
These are volumetric images created in 3D free space. Holograms are virtual 3D images reconstructed out of a 2D surface. Depending on applications, one is better than the other. For instance, what you see in popular imagination movies (like Princess Leia or avatar tree or iron man arm) are volumetric images.
@@KamranQaderi Not in science fiction. There the definition of hologram tends to be what volumetric display is.
Only question I have is who would use a see through computer screen like these SciFi movies? It's already annoying when a screen has glare on it, you want to get glare from the other side too??
I'm confused...is the "particle" just dust? Does the display use ambient dust to... draw on? They aren't really dragging a single particle around with a laser...are they?
They don't rely on ambient dust. They introduce particles, usually composed of black liquor (cellulose) or tungsten, and trap them in the laser beam and then the laser light is manipulated to steer the particle and create the image. In our video for demonstration purposes, particles are introduced with a spoon; the researcher sweeps the particle-filled spoon through the laser until a particle falls into the trap (and then laser light bounces off the particle as it moves, creating the image). They are automating and refining the process of course but that's what you see in our video demo. More information can be found in Nature: www.nature.com/articles/nature25176
so, it's like an optical tweezer, but for bigger particles... right?
I think that basically the small particle is light enough (as in weight) to get trapped in the light of the laser, staying in place and the reflection of the laser light off of this particle is visible enough for us to see.
So then you invented a tractor beam _and_ holocron at the same time!
So basically, it's going to have to be in a glass bubble.
Epic. Congrats to the researchers. This comment is number 10 in what is bound to be a long series of comments.
This is insane! However, I think the practical application of holographic-type technology lies within augmented reality contact lenses.
People already hate normal contact lenses, I doubt anyone would like to use them for augmented reality, at least not in the normal consumer area.
an other prctical application would be kaiba corps Duel Disk System with full 3d solid vision technology and after that the syncro dimentions other Duel Disk System with 3d real solid vision technology that you can touch like the holograms imitate mass.
Feeling bad rn for all the OG starwars fans who died before they even saw this awesome invention
Anyone know where this project is now?
1:28 Charmander?
is it possible to trap a Photon or a Neutrino which are both the two most aboundant particals in the universe and maby even multiple of them so touching the hologram does not distrupt it?
My god they've done it
Reminds me of Ian Malcolm in Jurassic Park.
Not quite. It could dead end as a stunt in a lab forever.
nice approach
Exciting
can't wait for princess leya, i mean holograms. holograms is what i meant, right guys?
a real lightsaber is coming
Hacksmith already made it
can you use a ionised air particale instead of cellulose
now all we need is to implement mass and then we have something that can give anyone a real solid vision vehicle to drive on a real solid vision road in an entirely real solid vision city, we can even play a childrens card game with real solid vision and so action duels!
JUST WOW!!!
How wide are most of the images? 1 or 2 mm?
Video rate images are not larger than 1cm in any dimension at the moment.
@@danielsmalley6504 What are the main hurdles to creating larger images?
That's really interesting. Do you think would be possible to replicate this using ordinary hardwares, like Raspberry pi with a laser beam? I'm thinking on doing similar thing for my final year project.
probably with a strong lazer and multiple rasberry pi 4s.
Is this a laser plasma emission volumetric display similar to the aerial burton display from 2011 or the femtosecond laser display developed at the university of tokyo in 2015?
No - it's based on a different principle. It's more like those mist displays that project onto a wall of fog; but instead of just dumping a bunch of particles into the air, they capture single particles inside a specially-shaped laser beam at an invisible wavelength and project colors onto that single particle. By moving the laser beam around and adjusting its focus, they move the particle around in 3D space, and so can project different colors at different points in space, building up full 3-dimensional shapes.
Basically, it's just like any projector that needs a screen to project onto - but with this clever trapped-particle trick, they can have a special single-point screen that only exists at the specific location they need to project onto at any particular moment.
But isn't it necessary to have the particle trapped in this sort of "mirror cage"? So it's not like you could project an image without using this somewhat unhandy machine atm, or did I get it wrong?
No, you don't need any special kind of thing to project the image into. The thing that keeps the particles trapped is actually a single, specially-shaped hollow laser beam that keeps the particle trapped in the center of the beam at a particular position; You need a special *projector* to project this kind of beam, but it's not that big of a deal. The colors are then produced by illuminating the particle with regular red, green, and blue lasers coming out of the same projector.
no, there are no mirrors, there is no cage.
So you could use the dust in the air plus ions plus electromagnets and a controller to make live active images....I like it.
So hang on, he mentions at 1:06 it looks like a line. So is the camera recording the projection creating that affect as if its moving real fast similar to how a cam captures footage from an old tv screen?
Exactly, it takes advantage of persistence of vision.
Some of the more complex stills you see in this video were long exposures, but the video clips of the display output show how it looks to your eye. The particle is actually moving fast enough to make POV images.
Will this work outside in the wind, or with a fan on?
>"Will this work outside in the wind, or with a fan on?"
From the paper:
"Particles are sensitive to airflow. Under good trapping conditions, trapped particles are robust to low levels of airflow, including airflow generated by human breathing and hand gestures (estimated airflow upper bound of one litre per second). However, it is unlikely that the display would function outdoors without an enclosure unless particles were much more strongly confined or steps were taken to refresh trapped particles regularly."
So, probably not, although if you replaced the particles quicker than the wind could knock them out of the trapping beams, it might work.
Nice
The laser has nothing to do with the image beyond color, sound is responsible for the foam balls movement and levitation.
Sweet
OMG!!!! HOW DOES IT WORK????
lazer traps partical and moves it to make 3d vector image.
wow
Can you already buy it?
No this is still in the research phase
Brigham Young University can't wait till it's official released for everyone to buy.
I'm really impressed with your work and I think you can achieve great things with it
Laser into eyes? That's why he is wearing glasses:)
or he's just got eye problems, and the lazer is invisible to the heuman eye.
iDroid when?
Someone will be kissing glowing dust eventually
P.S.: I won't be able to push my idea during my lifetime so take it serious:
Do the "holograms" in the way of firing particles with a certain trajectory to mid-air with a certain lifetime of miliseconds to explode to tiny light.
This will help you. I hope.
Impractical due to complexity. This method is better as the particles are nothing more than a spec and not a programmable piece which we would struggle to make compact, accurate and powerful enough to product visible light. So many of these will need to be made and if you wish to retrieve the particles you need a similar system with lasers guiding them so might as well use their method.
woooooooow
Very cool... but probably will never be useful it looks like DOA technology.. It relies on moving a traped physical particle... so that presents all kinds of inherent problems and limitations.. you can only move that particle so far (that's why they only show tiny models).. and that particle can only move so fast.. So a full size and detailed 3d structure is probably not even possible with this technology... It will likely at best be a very expensive novelty item in a sharper image type catalog.
If I can’t buy or build a working handheld holoprojector in 20-30 years, I’ll be extremely disappointed. How else am I supposed to receive the Emperor’s message that “the time has come”?
ㅁㅊ 홀로그램
Then what are their definition of a hologram? Don't spin the words around. It is augmented reality displays that aren't truth holograms, although they call anything shown in them as holograms they are really just displayed inside a screen. These concentrations of plasma on the other hand are truth holograms, as they have been shown in science-fiction.
"Hologram" is actually a scientific term, dating back to 1949, that's has a specific meaning that's different than the usual science-fiction usage to mean any kind of futuristic 3-D volumetric display. A hologram is a photographic recording of a *light field* - instead of a usual photograph, which just captures the total intensity and color of all the light rays passing through each point in a region, a hologram captures the full detail of all the light rays passing through a region - amplitude, wavelength, *and* phase. So it doesn't just have a color for each pixel, like a regular photograph, but it has a color for each pixel *for each direction it's viewed from.* When you tilt a hologram and look at it from an angle, you'll see the object that was photographed from a different point of view, and it'll look 3D because each eye will be looking at it from a different direction and getting a different angle as a result.
But it's not really a 3D thing at all - it appears fully 3D without needing any kind of special glasses or headsets or computer tracking, but it's still just being displayed on a flat surface. They are also extremely difficult to display electronically; holographs are generally recorded and displayed on special photographic film.
Really, *none* of those displays - plasma-dot displays, this trapped-particle display, augmented reality displays - are truly "holograms"; the people marketing the augmented-reality displays are just using the popular sci-fi definition of a virtual 3-D object, and the scientists in this video are talking about the scientific definition.
I can't wait to have my own volumetric image displayed girlfriend walking around my house! It's gonna be so guuud!
Guys, he's lying. These are not holograms, they're actually UFOs! /joking
Geez, its basically CRT deflection technology all over again.
but crts do not trap particals with lazers, they shoot an electron beem onto a coating that lights up when in contact with electrons and the electron beem is controlled with electromagnestism.
Geez You're literally wrong on so many levels! This isn't even an electron beam and a CRT cannot trap particles in mid air. You're talking nonsense dude. Wake up.
Way to rip off Steve Mann guys! (jk on the sneak-- well done for real)
I have a soft spot for Mormons, but didn't think science would be their jam.
Our prophet was actually a pioneer in the field of open-heart surgery! We are always encouraged to get an education
Invented a long time ago in a laboratory far far away... Congratulations you have reinvented traveling through hyperspace to build technology that was already invented years ago.
All you had to do was look up the patent number.
What patent number is that?
+dnews