A lot of tech equipment UPS systems I believe actually mainly run off that inverted power after the battery to clean the power waves prior to entering equipment. In those cases, the incoming drops, but the outgoing doesn't see a drop as it's been constantly connected the whole time.
An online UPS is mostly quite large, and used for large data centers, 911 centers, communications sites etc. Small point of use types described in this video are just that... Point of use for a single PC or a few small devices.@@maaskaas09
@@danielmcgowan9534 "niche" as in every UPS you should be using for computers that aren't laptops, such as servers, desktops, etc. Even the low-end UPS' designed for computer use do this. Which is why they fail when the motorcycle sized lead acid battery dies. Some of those units are good enough to simply replace the battery packs and keep on rocking. The desktop support models, not so much. They have the low-bid capacitors in them, so when they error out, replace them. (IT guy for over 30 years here).
Your example UPS does cause some transients on the output because of the switch on AC loss. Most datacenter scale UPS'es are double conversion/online which means the output is always fed from thr inverter for truly uninterrupted power.
Also data centres have generator backup in case the utility power goes off for a longer period. Utility power gets disconnected before generator gets switched to the dc converter. Likewise sensors will wait several seconds after the utility power comes back on before killing the generator and switching back to utility.
@@fernanddubois1792 that is super customer design dependent. I've worked in places where it was infeasable or impossible for a reasonable cost to have a generator and instead the customer put in 1 MWh of battery storage. I've worked for others that don't use a battery UPS at all but instead flywheels that cover the ~30 second gap between utility loss and generator loading.
@@fernanddubois1792 ... in a commercial system a gen set is generally running the building within 5 seconds of an outage... but 5 seconds is too long for a computer to be down. You now have lost data.
@@spencerryan2657 ... yes, a giant flywheel running in a vacuum was old school. These days you have emergency lighting, a UPS on computers, (sometimes the whole wing of a building) and NFPA calls for the gen set to be powering the place within 5 seconds. It's part of the life / safety code in NFPA 70. Quite often a building will have a gen set for technical stuff and another that's strictly elevators, fire pumps, and lighting.
@@rupe53Sorry I meant to say in addition to the full time ups. The battery system in our case was designed to run about 20 minutes after utility power loss . Servers do not like power losses of a few cycles of ac.
@@scottanderson6309it has a relay driven by utility power that automatically switches to the inverter when the power drops. It may also only connect the battery to the inverter at that time, to not have to power the inverter all of the time.
Your schematic has the rectifier output backwards… you should have DC - symbol then an AC symbol ~ going to the load; no big deal but if you are going through the trouble of drawing it out then it should be correct. Also the automatic switch would be either switch by a power relay or at the end it could be switched the user (manually). I follow and enjoy your training videos.
Thank you for this video. Im a field technician who works on backup power supplies and this really helps simplify rectifiers and inverters. Thanks Dustin
WELL ACHTCHUALLY...This is the best explanation for non tech savvy people. Hands down. You make electricity accessible for a lot of people. Thanks for that!
Thats the cheap UPS single conversion. The really good UPS systems use dual conversion. Where the rectifier is powering the inverter and battery charger. And the load is supported by the inverter all the time. And uses a static switch when the inverter needs to shut down if there is an overload. or fault on the load. 25 year GE power quality engineer. I sevice most of the UPS systems world wide. up to 1mw and power switch gear.
Now describe an "online" UPS. Used for sensitive electronics, it is running your load through the DC circuit 100% of the time to provide it with a clean artificial sine wave all the time and avoid momentary voltage drops when the utility fails. There is an efficiency loss across it (10-15% I believe) but a device that takes questionable quality utility power and outputs clean power is extremely handy, especially if generators are in play. I've had mine take 90v in and still run my servers with a clean 120 60hz.
I retired from a large hospital / research center that had huge UPS ' S that could supply backup power for halve a hour to critical loads. A company came in every year and performed a load test on them and replaced batteries every three years. One lab made things that took up to 8 weeks to produce and if they lost power for think it was only a minute they had to start over. Huge building had two 13,200 volt services, 3 2,000 KW Generators and this lab also had its own 13,200 volt generator & huge UPS System . Total of 5 separate power sources. Somebody said they had a Millon to one odds of ever loosing all 5 power sources at the same time.
every apc ups I've had over the years has a weekly self test or something.. it switches over to battery for a few seconds to ensure it's working properly. this kills the battery much quicker and will need replacing. another problem I've had with apc is when the battery needs replacing, it just kills power even if utility power is fine. I had enough with apc. got a cyber power, used that for 6+ years on the original battery. then I switched to an eaton double conversion ups, much better. a normal ups cannot work with a generator, unless it's an inverter type generator. with a normal generator the ac frequency changes with the rpm of the engine. when a heavy load turns on, the rpm will dip for a moment, which slows the ac frequency. the ups will see the unstable frequency and continue running from battery. a double conversion ups is a neat thing. it takes ac power from the wall, converts it to dc, then converts it back to ac. it does this at all times while it's turned on. if I have 60 volts coming from the wall, a double conversion ups will convert it to dc then to a nice clean 120 volts ac. works great with any generator. the down side is the inverter is running 24/7, which does have some small energy losses. the computer equipment will use a bit more power than it would normally.
Your kind off right. You start off with your picture displaying the ups in bypas(the ups is not in use.) The second picture show the ups in normal mode ready to provide protection. The rectifier and inverter are often the same part, just programmed for the opposite function. The rectifier puts dc power on the dc bus. The inverter pulls dc power from the bus to produce ac voltage that that matches the input voltage. The batteries are connected to the dc bus so they can pull power to charge or supply power to the bus if the rectifier can't keep up. On high end ups, the inverter's output is matched exactly to the line power so if there is a failure in the ups, it can switch back to bypas with out effecting the load.
The unit he laid out is different from what we see. Typically you have a normal (bypass) input and a rectifier (EM) input. They both feed batteries which feed an inverter. The inverter is what’s running the load. When you lose normal power, the load is still being fed by the batteries. The generator starts and continues to charge the batteries. It is literally uninterruptible as the name suggests. These are typically used for critical data center loads
Depends on the ups, i got an older apc unit that uses a relay, coil isbpowered by the utility side and is allways energized, when power gwts cut it de energizes the relay and the nc contact is the inverter portion
@@markzamiechowski5352it’ll not be using a relay because the switching delay will be too long. For instant changeover, a transistor will be employed. The best units, so called online type, work by ALWAYS proving power to the load from the battery and inverter. The input mains power is there solely to supply the inverter with rectified AC and the maintain the battery. A mains failure won’t even be noticed in this case (unless the battery is knackered and cannot maintain its output to the rectifier) This kind of UPS is mostly used to power computer servers, telephone systems etc because no matter how ‘dirty’ the mains input is, the output from the inverter is always nice and clean and runs bang on the correct voltage and frequency.
@@2Sorts not sure what to say,y.old ass apc uses a relay the way i stated above, I've torn it apart and traced the circuit, butthats why in my original comment i said not all ups's
@2Sorts I've had "dirty" ac eat up UPS batteries at work. Due to issues with incoming power from the grid, we had odd frequency fluctuations. It was driving the UPS circuitry mad causing us to lose PCs. Had to run them off of a regular surge protector for a bit until the issue was resolved.
Thank you. How would you design a system that would incorporate a utility that supplies power with a property that has a battery system and alternative energy source?
Most off-grid inverters take grid power or generator power as an additional source and can use it to charge battery or power the loads directly. A hybrid inverter will do this and also sell excess alternative energy back to the grid when you are overproducing, with the proper agreements and meter from the utility company
My APC 1500 just broke. Battery is fine, I'm about to build my own. I think all the necessary components are auto transfer switch, battery charger, battery fuses, some VA displays and an inverter
You CAN store 120V... DC. You can't store AC power because it is always alternating voltage between negative and positive, reversing it's poles, and the voltage goes to 0V between each cycle. The AC power in your house is constantly going +120v to 0v to -120v to 0v, and back again, at 60Hz, or 60 times every second. If you draw it on a graph it looks like a never ending rollercoaster. A battery can't store alternating voltage because of it's chemistry, it always has a positive side and a negative, to make it alternating, you have to run it thru an inverter, to switch the poles back and forth at 60Hz
There is a huge capacitor to that hold the load in that Second where the „Switch“ is going into Position „close“ / „Open“ when the power Source is offline…it’s just a millisecond but in the world of current and voltage, thats an eternity ^^
So question: Your schematic precludes any “conditioning” of the AC source to the output? I always assumed there was surge capability it the device output?
It’s not instantaneously. Theres going to be 2 times when power is 0. 1st when power goes out and the battery turns on and gets connected. 2nd when the power is back on and the battery is disconnected to connect back to utility. You cant have two sources connected at the same time and you cant connect/disconnect live sources (in most cases) An interesting way around it is using D-UPS (dynamic UPS). In which you have a constantly rotating kinetic energy storage unit with flywheel, a diesel engine and an alternator which, depending on the operating mode, also operates as an electric synchronous motor. If the public power grid fails, the systems acts immediately and without interruption because it is already in operation anyway. Part of the energy stored in the flywheel is used to drive the generator, that starts producing electrical power. Meanwhile, another part of the stored rotational energy is used to facilitate very fast start-up of the diesel engine. Within the shortest possible time the engine accelerates to its rated power output and can now start producing electrical power via the generator and stabilize the flywheel. This naturally happens without any gap or interruption.
Our electricity is 60hz which means 120 times a second the voltage is zero. So if the ups activates within 1/120 of a second it will just pickup the sign wave where the utility power dropped off. Meaning there was no time when the electricity was interrupted.
Two kinds of UPS: What you describe is the on demand kind. The true online version works 24/7 rectifying and inverting power, so much beefier components are required.
Here's my experience with multiple UPS systems over a 20-year period. Most of the older ones have no software that prevents the battery from constant charge so that when the time comes the battery is fried or does not respond well and only gives you about a half hour of life. UPS is have become a giant cost and a waste of time as far as most big businesses are concerned because of that reputation. What is that for this are usually the ones who have done better research on the new technology available.
If big enough yes. This is basically how most solar battery inverters work, but the solar is an additional source of power for the battery, instead of just charging from the grid
That's an offline ups. There are also "online ups" where the battery permanently supplies power to the outlet and gets permanently reloaded at the same time. Reason is that the switching inside an offline ups sometimes take "too long"(we still speaking of millisecs) so that pcs/servers still crashes.
Well, the system you describe is not instantaneous, there is a delay which can wreak havoc downstream. What you need to describe is a “zero wait state” UPS where the inverter is always driving the load and the ac line is providing current to keep the battery up and feed the inverter.
A very simplified explanation for theory only.There would be a slight delay during changeover. For uninterrupted power the load is sometimes through an STS.or constantly through the battery.They have in data centres rooms full of batteries.These ups only have to keep power long enough for the diesel generator to kick in.often only UPS power from batteries has to last a few seconds
What happens when the ac supply is restored ? How does it resyncronise the inverter supply back to mains supply , do you have to open the inverter supply interrupting the load then reenergise the load directly from the ac.
So im dealing with a bunch of these not working right. I believe it’s because of severe power dips. But my inverter is constantly kicking over and it will click every 15-40 secs going from utility to battery. And it fries the inverters well before the lifespan of the device
im confused is the ups wired to the receptacle that powers the computers power adapter? or is the ups directly connected to the pc without an adapter? and the ups is somehow connected a wall receptacle?
If you put the output of a mains power rectifier straight into a battery, then expect something catastrophic to happen... Also, what is shown is not non-interruptible. For that to happen, the switch-over has to be near instantaneous.
That doesn't sound uninterruptable if it has to switch from one to the other. I would think that the power is always coming out of the UPS and the incoming power from the service is just keeping the battery topped up.
An online UPS does not switch. It always* runs on inverter off the float charged battery bank. (* In bypass, the mains go direct to load. This is a fault condition)
Square Pulsed DC (MSW) certainly is Alternating Current = AC. MSW is not a Pure Sine Wave (PSW). But there are UPS that actually output a "Pure Sine Wave".
I thought the driver was the rectifier taking package from warehouse to the battery (truck ) then inverting it from the truck to the customer. Are we talking about the same UPS. They also come with shorts. Lol 😂
There are two types of UPS, one of them WILL ruin your shit, the other one will keep it safe. A UPS like the one diagramed WILL ruin your shit. While one that always runs off the battery will not. Why? Simple, the switching load can cause power spikes, and fliker, and those thing will harm your equipment. Look for a UPS that says the output plugs are battery inline. That way the power is always coming from the battery. And all the happens in a power outage is, the battery stops charging.
No I have not wondered how a ups works . I'm an electrical engineer and have known exactly how they work for a very long time now .. Even sold parts to one of the largest ups manufacturers... 😂
A lot of tech equipment UPS systems I believe actually mainly run off that inverted power after the battery to clean the power waves prior to entering equipment. In those cases, the incoming drops, but the outgoing doesn't see a drop as it's been constantly connected the whole time.
Line interactive(as described) vs online/double conversion(the one you want) also pure sine > mod sine
An online UPS is mostly quite large, and used for large data centers, 911 centers, communications sites etc. Small point of use types described in this video are just that... Point of use for a single PC or a few small devices.@@maaskaas09
You are also correct. He described a common household UPS. The UPS you described is more niche.
@@danielmcgowan9534 "niche" as in every UPS you should be using for computers that aren't laptops, such as servers, desktops, etc. Even the low-end UPS' designed for computer use do this. Which is why they fail when the motorcycle sized lead acid battery dies. Some of those units are good enough to simply replace the battery packs and keep on rocking. The desktop support models, not so much. They have the low-bid capacitors in them, so when they error out, replace them. (IT guy for over 30 years here).
@@phillipsofthedriver
Laptop is already its own ups ... 😂
Your example UPS does cause some transients on the output because of the switch on AC loss. Most datacenter scale UPS'es are double conversion/online which means the output is always fed from thr inverter for truly uninterrupted power.
Also data centres have generator backup in case the utility power goes off for a longer period. Utility power gets disconnected before generator gets switched to the dc converter. Likewise sensors will wait several seconds after the utility power comes back on before killing the generator and switching back to utility.
@@fernanddubois1792 that is super customer design dependent. I've worked in places where it was infeasable or impossible for a reasonable cost to have a generator and instead the customer put in 1 MWh of battery storage. I've worked for others that don't use a battery UPS at all but instead flywheels that cover the ~30 second gap between utility loss and generator loading.
@@fernanddubois1792 ... in a commercial system a gen set is generally running the building within 5 seconds of an outage... but 5 seconds is too long for a computer to be down. You now have lost data.
@@spencerryan2657 ... yes, a giant flywheel running in a vacuum was old school. These days you have emergency lighting, a UPS on computers, (sometimes the whole wing of a building) and NFPA calls for the gen set to be powering the place within 5 seconds. It's part of the life / safety code in NFPA 70. Quite often a building will have a gen set for technical stuff and another that's strictly elevators, fire pumps, and lighting.
@@rupe53Sorry I meant to say in addition to the full time ups. The battery system in our case was designed to run about 20 minutes after utility power loss . Servers do not like power losses of a few cycles of ac.
No one has ever been able to explain this to me so clearly. This is why i love this channel.
He's the best at simplifying Electrical.
Please explain how it knew to switch over to the UPS.
@@scottanderson6309it has a relay driven by utility power that automatically switches to the inverter when the power drops. It may also only connect the battery to the inverter at that time, to not have to power the inverter all of the time.
It knew because the power went out... That's it's whole job...
This is one of the most informative and useful channels on UA-cam. 🙏
Your schematic has the rectifier output backwards… you should have DC - symbol then an AC symbol ~ going to the load; no big deal but if you are going through the trouble of drawing it out then it should be correct. Also the automatic switch would be either switch by a power relay or at the end it could be switched the user (manually). I follow and enjoy your training videos.
Thank you for this video. Im a field technician who works on backup power supplies and this really helps simplify rectifiers and inverters. Thanks Dustin
WELL ACHTCHUALLY...This is the best explanation for non tech savvy people. Hands down. You make electricity accessible for a lot of people. Thanks for that!
Thats the cheap UPS single conversion.
The really good UPS systems use dual conversion.
Where the rectifier is powering the inverter and battery charger. And the load is supported by the inverter all the time. And uses a static switch when the inverter needs to shut down if there is an overload. or fault on the load.
25 year GE power quality engineer.
I sevice most of the UPS systems world wide.
up to 1mw and power switch gear.
How did you get into the field?
Is this how emergency lights work?
Thanks for all the info you’re awesome
I am learning so much from this. It's a lot of fun!
Now describe an "online" UPS. Used for sensitive electronics, it is running your load through the DC circuit 100% of the time to provide it with a clean artificial sine wave all the time and avoid momentary voltage drops when the utility fails. There is an efficiency loss across it (10-15% I believe) but a device that takes questionable quality utility power and outputs clean power is extremely handy, especially if generators are in play. I've had mine take 90v in and still run my servers with a clean 120 60hz.
Thanks for listening to my comment and making the video! Your awesome electrician u!
I retired from a large hospital / research center that had huge UPS ' S that could supply backup power for halve a hour to critical loads. A company came in every year and performed a load test on them and replaced batteries every three years. One lab made things that took up to 8 weeks to produce and if they lost power for think it was only a minute they had to start over. Huge building had two 13,200 volt services, 3 2,000 KW Generators and this lab also had its own 13,200 volt generator & huge UPS System . Total of 5 separate power sources. Somebody said they had a Millon to one odds of ever loosing all 5 power sources at the same time.
Love this, I am a field service tech and we do UPS installs, troubleshooting and P.M. work. Great shit bro!
fantastic exlpain!!! Thanks a million!!!
Great explanation same science in the UK.
Excellent explanation!!
Great, great video. Thanks.
Thanks for this, I appreciate videos like this as an apprentice.
every apc ups I've had over the years has a weekly self test or something.. it switches over to battery for a few seconds to ensure it's working properly. this kills the battery much quicker and will need replacing. another problem I've had with apc is when the battery needs replacing, it just kills power even if utility power is fine. I had enough with apc. got a cyber power, used that for 6+ years on the original battery. then I switched to an eaton double conversion ups, much better.
a normal ups cannot work with a generator, unless it's an inverter type generator. with a normal generator the ac frequency changes with the rpm of the engine. when a heavy load turns on, the rpm will dip for a moment, which slows the ac frequency. the ups will see the unstable frequency and continue running from battery.
a double conversion ups is a neat thing. it takes ac power from the wall, converts it to dc, then converts it back to ac. it does this at all times while it's turned on. if I have 60 volts coming from the wall, a double conversion ups will convert it to dc then to a nice clean 120 volts ac. works great with any generator. the down side is the inverter is running 24/7, which does have some small energy losses. the computer equipment will use a bit more power than it would normally.
Your kind off right. You start off with your picture displaying the ups in bypas(the ups is not in use.) The second picture show the ups in normal mode ready to provide protection. The rectifier and inverter are often the same part, just programmed for the opposite function. The rectifier puts dc power on the dc bus. The inverter pulls dc power from the bus to produce ac voltage that that matches the input voltage. The batteries are connected to the dc bus so they can pull power to charge or supply power to the bus if the rectifier can't keep up. On high end ups, the inverter's output is matched exactly to the line power so if there is a failure in the ups, it can switch back to bypas with out effecting the load.
You didn't explain how the system automatically switches to battery power.
The unit he laid out is different from what we see. Typically you have a normal (bypass) input and a rectifier (EM) input. They both feed batteries which feed an inverter. The inverter is what’s running the load.
When you lose normal power, the load is still being fed by the batteries. The generator starts and continues to charge the batteries. It is literally uninterruptible as the name suggests. These are typically used for critical data center loads
Depends on the ups, i got an older apc unit that uses a relay, coil isbpowered by the utility side and is allways energized, when power gwts cut it de energizes the relay and the nc contact is the inverter portion
@@markzamiechowski5352it’ll not be using a relay because the switching delay will be too long. For instant changeover, a transistor will be employed.
The best units, so called online type, work by ALWAYS proving power to the load from the battery and inverter.
The input mains power is there solely to supply the inverter with rectified AC and the maintain the battery.
A mains failure won’t even be noticed in this case (unless the battery is knackered and cannot maintain its output to the rectifier)
This kind of UPS is mostly used to power computer servers, telephone systems etc because no matter how ‘dirty’ the mains input is, the output from the inverter is always nice and clean and runs bang on the correct voltage and frequency.
@@2Sorts not sure what to say,y.old ass apc uses a relay the way i stated above, I've torn it apart and traced the circuit, butthats why in my original comment i said not all ups's
@2Sorts I've had "dirty" ac eat up UPS batteries at work. Due to issues with incoming power from the grid, we had odd frequency fluctuations. It was driving the UPS circuitry mad causing us to lose PCs. Had to run them off of a regular surge protector for a bit until the issue was resolved.
GREAT EXPLANATION
Thank you.
How would you design a system that would incorporate a utility that supplies power with a property that has a battery system and alternative energy source?
Most off-grid inverters take grid power or generator power as an additional source and can use it to charge battery or power the loads directly. A hybrid inverter will do this and also sell excess alternative energy back to the grid when you are overproducing, with the proper agreements and meter from the utility company
My APC 1500 just broke. Battery is fine, I'm about to build my own. I think all the necessary components are auto transfer switch, battery charger, battery fuses, some VA displays and an inverter
Makes total sense. What i have never heard anyone explain is why
can't we store 120V?
You CAN store 120V... DC. You can't store AC power because it is always alternating voltage between negative and positive, reversing it's poles, and the voltage goes to 0V between each cycle. The AC power in your house is constantly going +120v to 0v to -120v to 0v, and back again, at 60Hz, or 60 times every second. If you draw it on a graph it looks like a never ending rollercoaster. A battery can't store alternating voltage because of it's chemistry, it always has a positive side and a negative, to make it alternating, you have to run it thru an inverter, to switch the poles back and forth at 60Hz
There is a huge capacitor to that hold the load in that Second where the „Switch“ is going into Position „close“ / „Open“ when the power Source is offline…it’s just a millisecond but in the world of current and voltage, thats an eternity ^^
This didn't look very uninterrupted. How long does it take to switch over and stabilize?
I love these videos. They have been so helpful for me.
Thanks for sharing.
Now we're talking, keep the good stuff coming
So question: Your schematic precludes any “conditioning” of the AC source to the output? I always assumed there was surge capability it the device output?
It’s not instantaneously. Theres going to be 2 times when power is 0. 1st when power goes out and the battery turns on and gets connected. 2nd when the power is back on and the battery is disconnected to connect back to utility. You cant have two sources connected at the same time and you cant connect/disconnect live sources (in most cases)
An interesting way around it is using D-UPS (dynamic UPS). In which you have a constantly rotating kinetic energy storage unit with flywheel, a diesel engine and an alternator which, depending on the operating mode, also operates as an electric synchronous motor.
If the public power grid fails, the systems acts immediately and without interruption because it is already in operation anyway. Part of the energy stored in the flywheel is used to drive the generator, that starts producing electrical power. Meanwhile, another part of the stored rotational energy is used to facilitate very fast start-up of the diesel engine. Within the shortest possible time the engine accelerates to its rated power output and can now start producing electrical power via the generator and stabilize the flywheel. This naturally happens without any gap or interruption.
Our electricity is 60hz which means 120 times a second the voltage is zero. So if the ups activates within 1/120 of a second it will just pickup the sign wave where the utility power dropped off. Meaning there was no time when the electricity was interrupted.
Two kinds of UPS: What you describe is the on demand kind. The true online version works 24/7 rectifying and inverting power, so much beefier components are required.
Here's my experience with multiple UPS systems over a 20-year period.
Most of the older ones have no software that prevents the battery from constant charge so that when the time comes the battery is fried or does not respond well and only gives you about a half hour of life. UPS is have become a giant cost and a waste of time as far as most big businesses are concerned because of that reputation. What is that for this are usually the ones who have done better research on the new technology available.
Is this able to be used instead of a typical generator?
If big enough yes. This is basically how most solar battery inverters work, but the solar is an additional source of power for the battery, instead of just charging from the grid
Love this guy!!!
That's an offline ups. There are also "online ups" where the battery permanently supplies power to the outlet and gets permanently reloaded at the same time. Reason is that the switching inside an offline ups sometimes take "too long"(we still speaking of millisecs) so that pcs/servers still crashes.
Well, the system you describe is not instantaneous, there is a delay which can wreak havoc downstream. What you need to describe is a “zero wait state” UPS where the inverter is always driving the load and the ac line is providing current to keep the battery up and feed the inverter.
Good explanation , only the symbol of inverter is wrong
Could you please help me distinguish between AC/DC and DC/AC devices, which one is converter and which one is inverter . Thank you
Great information
Great video but need to see the equipment to understand it better and maybe put something together
Where did you get your
chart-board
Thank you brother
A very simplified explanation for theory only.There would be a slight delay during changeover.
For uninterrupted power the load is sometimes through an STS.or constantly through the battery.They have in data centres rooms full of batteries.These ups only have to keep power long enough for the diesel generator to kick in.often only UPS power from batteries has to last a few seconds
What happens when the ac supply is restored ? How does it resyncronise the inverter supply back to mains supply , do you have to open the inverter supply interrupting the load then reenergise the load directly from the ac.
So im dealing with a bunch of these not working right. I believe it’s because of severe power dips. But my inverter is constantly kicking over and it will click every 15-40 secs going from utility to battery. And it fries the inverters well before the lifespan of the device
The battery can be feeding back into the grid when the grid is off according to the diagram.
The battery will not back feed through the rectifier. If it can, then the rectifier isn't working, and you've probably got a shot battery for it.
can u talk about hook up generators?
im confused is the ups wired to the receptacle that powers the computers power adapter? or is the ups directly connected to the pc without an adapter? and the ups is somehow connected a wall receptacle?
it's connected to utility power by whatever means it takes, depending on the size of the unit. Yes, smaller ones plug into a wall socket.
where can i get the same one? the screen
What does mail delivery have to do with electricity
Nope cos I already know how it works
I own a APC backup
Good job explaining it that simply 😊
How many cycles is that is the switch?
What happens to the phase of the AC when the switchover happens?
Great video. But this didn’t explain how it’s uninterrupted. That picture shows an interruption between utility and inventor.
Experts. Let's hear it!!
Would ever be possible to have an AC battery?
So then a rectifier does the same as a transformer?
There are two types of UPSs. Active and Passive. One has a rectifier and Battery in series and an inverter after the battery. Both are headaches.
Inverter has h bridge so it ac .if it's coming from mains the nuetral wire is grounded so isn't it now pulsed dc
If you put the output of a mains power rectifier straight into a battery, then expect something catastrophic to happen...
Also, what is shown is not non-interruptible. For that to happen, the switch-over has to be near instantaneous.
There’s always a slight delay (of a few milliseconds) if the switchover is controlled by a relay.
Can you explain converter?
That doesn't sound uninterruptable if it has to switch from one to the other. I would think that the power is always coming out of the UPS and the incoming power from the service is just keeping the battery topped up.
Explain the trigger or change over...that's where the mystery exsist. The instantaneous change
Hey i remeber learning about these
yea I get that but why are my packages always just thrown over my fence into the yard
The best UPS units are inline, they are always converting the DC to AC, this allows not only uninterrupted power but also clean power.
Not to mention it should have a safety switch to avoid back feeding like an ATS on a generator.
I think the bigger question is how does it do it so quickly, your explanation could be done with a nc no relay.
Yea simple answer from a simple man
This is how I get my packages?
He is describing a backup power supply. As described the power will drop for 30bsec or so before the power is switched to the battery.
But where is the actual switch that detects the loss of power and signals to start giving power off the battery?
Ok, but HOW DOES IT SWITCH IN SO QUICKLY and not interrupt the power
An online UPS does not switch. It always* runs on inverter off the float charged battery bank.
(* In bypass, the mains go direct to load. This is a fault condition)
Cool…I thought UPS just delivered packages. Just kidding - great info!
DC UPSs can cut out the rectifier and inverter and thus last even longer by not having power losses to the inverter efficiency.
There is a small time to change over, unless it is a true online UPS.
Am the world most dumbest person and I clearly over stand this. Great explanation sir
Both 120 and 230
Only 120volts?
Another important thing, get a UPS with a pure sine wave inverter and not a simulated sine wave one, your equipment will thank you.
A inverter takes DC and MIMICS A.C. with square pulse DC it doesn't make AC
Square Pulsed DC (MSW) certainly is Alternating Current = AC. MSW is not a Pure Sine Wave (PSW). But there are UPS that actually output a "Pure Sine Wave".
You forgot to mention how you need a transfer switch for the power to switch over to d c
UPS ?? WHAT ABOUT FEDEX
This is unrelated but: FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER-
-Electroboom
Ok, so let’s add some complexity: explain the line conditioning that is being done, versus direct utility power.
could this be utilized in a computer so I can play my video games in a power outage? 😂
I thought the driver was the rectifier taking package from warehouse to the battery (truck ) then inverting it from the truck to the customer. Are we talking about the same UPS. They also come with shorts. Lol 😂
Nope. Not a rectifier. You need an converter there. AC to DC to be precise. Out of a rectifier is still AC, rectified.
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There are two types of UPS, one of them WILL ruin your shit, the other one will keep it safe. A UPS like the one diagramed WILL ruin your shit. While one that always runs off the battery will not. Why? Simple, the switching load can cause power spikes, and fliker, and those thing will harm your equipment. Look for a UPS that says the output plugs are battery inline. That way the power is always coming from the battery. And all the happens in a power outage is, the battery stops charging.
Main power always charges battery, battery always powers load. Main goes out, load doesn't see outage due to battery power supplying it
Hmm
No I have not wondered how a ups works .
I'm an electrical engineer and have known exactly how they work for a very long time now ..
Even sold parts to one of the largest ups manufacturers... 😂
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I don’t take my apprentices serious if they don’t follow you lol