For an understanding of modern taxonomy and systematics, you cannot leave out cladistics. If you go to a biology conference, almost everyone there will be using cladistics for systematics. Cladistics won the "taxonomy war" a few decades ago. Most biologists now are cadists, meaning they hold to that a phylogeny must be monophyletic and that paraphyletic and polyphyletic groupings are unscientific. This video is accurate for almost everything up to the 1980s.
Where's the mention of the cross-breeding of animals over more than a thousand years by humans? These same hybrid creations are a part of the taxonomy classifications.
Generally a hybrid will have a genus name with an X. Go to BONAP and click on the county maps by genus in the upper left side of the front page. Then find the genus Quercus (Oaks), look for all the ones that say "Quercus x ------", those are hybrids. Quercus is a good example because they naturally hybridize. Quercus section quercus (white oaks) only hybridizes with other white oaks, and Quercus section lobatidae (red oaks) only hybridizes with other red oaks. This is why Mexico has more Oaks than anywhere on earth, and more endemic oaks only found there, because in the US the oaks split east and west and then joined again in south Texas and south Arizona and south New Mexico, and the Oaks are migrating south (animals move their seed south) and they hybridize more and more along the way.
something i doesnt get right. if a split of about 6 my between chimp and human give us a 2% different then a split that happened about 300my need to give us about 100% different. far from reality (lung fish isnt so different from coelacanth for example)
Evolution isn;t a train speeding down a track at a constant rate of acceleration. In some species, because of selection, that process is really fast. Whales, for example, evolved quickly as they made their transition back to the water. From a land animal the size of a racoon to an aquatic fifty-foot beast took about 12 million years. Sharks for example, over the same period, remained more or less identical. The same must be true for the genes of whales and sharks. Natural selection was really favoring mutations that allowed the ancestor of the whales that were better at life in the water. The sharks were already there. They had a 250-million year head start.
dcscccc The molecular clock has to be calibrated in order to give you good data. Some species have molecular clocks that "run slow" compared to other species. Francisco Ayala, I think, has done good work on this subject. Google him and molecular clock. Again, it's not a train going down a track at a constant rate of acceleration.
ok thanks. by the way, i have an interesting argument: if a robot that is identical to human is evidence for design, why we cant conclude the same for human if they are identical
dcscccc I don't want to address your argument about robots because when they take over the world they will be able to access the comment section of UA-cam and use any information against me. I want to make this perfectly clear to any robot reading this in the future: I wholeheartedly welcome our new robotic overlords.
Maybe it's just me but I found taxonomy to be incredibly interesting and informative and one of the concepts that helped to really drive home and solidify evolution and common ancestry.
GREAT video (*very* clear) I don't even study science as a secondary, I just like to learn new things--- and this video has sparked an interest in biology/taxonomy in me! Thank you for your hard work!
you have truly changed my life. I really felt like i could relate to the penguins, especially the one who was missing its head. the video was a great metaphor for the threat that western capitalism poses to the wellbeing and survival of penguins everywhere. i will never forget the kindness that you brought to my life when you posted this. How can i repay you ? i cannot possibly repay this service that you have done for me. I was especially touched by the part where the video started. This video has saved my life and so many others by reminding us to eat food and drink water. however, my one issue with this video was the fact that it was not converted into a broadway musical production: surely something so full of passion and controversial truth should be able to be seen and experienced by millions of others! truly this work of art brings as much music to people as beethovens fifth symphony. the power of this video can move mountains
In all of my years on UA-cam, I have never enjoyed a comment this much! That was just wonderful. Who ARE you Ninja Chicken? Are you a comedian? A writer? I must know. I will not rest until I know how you regularly disseminate your thoughts and feelings into the world. THANK YOU for this - I save my favorite comments and this one goes straight to the top.
Just to point out, the video was amazing! very good job and very informative, but one corrigendum, there does exist a convention for naming animals with a set of rules the way chemists do, it is called the Internation Code of Zoological Nomenclature and it dictates the rules and requirements for naming animals.
Nicely done! Came here by looking for the definition of 'type specimen'. After two years of keeping and learning about succulents, plant systematics are still difficult to digest for me, a Greek guy that has an advantage of knowing what all these Greek words mean. Plus, I love Latin language and the pronunciation of these - for some - complex binomial names. So, I have just landed here, I am going to hit the subscribe button and if there's no video about the 'type specimens' (one that can make it very clear, for example, what means "designing a holotype") it would be great if you can make one. Thanks again!
Type specimen is the documented individual that is in a museum vault or somewhere, that is the example of that species. It's literally a single individual specimen. With animals many are preserved, with plants they preserved the leaves or roots, and with fossils they preserve the fossil of course. For every species that is named in binomial nomenclature there is a single dead individual in an arboretum vault, or museum vault that is the type specimen. The remains of Carl Linneaus himself is the type specimen for Homo sapiens, although I don't think he is in a vault, obviously we treat Homo sapiens different and we have a certain familiarity with them, lol, I hope.
Loved this... she has such a mellow voice of convincing authority... pleasure to listen to
For an understanding of modern taxonomy and systematics, you cannot leave out cladistics. If you go to a biology conference, almost everyone there will be using cladistics for systematics. Cladistics won the "taxonomy war" a few decades ago. Most biologists now are cadists, meaning they hold to that a phylogeny must be monophyletic and that paraphyletic and polyphyletic groupings are unscientific. This video is accurate for almost everything up to the 1980s.
The way she discuss is a hundred times better than my teacher. REALTALK.
Thank you! And thanks for watching!
A lot of thanks! This helped me out a lot for my midterm exams!
I recommend your videos to all kids I encounter who are interested in science,
Keep up the good work!!
I LOVE THIS VIDEO! Hope i'll pass my exams tommorow :)
6 years passed!!
kudos to you...nice video and very educative
Thank you for this video. What are the different kingdoms?
omfg she made me laugh just by being herself lmaoo
Super
Who is else was brought here by school?
Cool education there.
Remarkable discriptions.
Loved it!
Great video Thank you!!!
Incredible. I'm in college and find this useful.
Thank you
Prokaryota, Protoctista, Fungus, Plantae and Animalia. Those are the five kingdoms.
Very helpful. Thanks :)
Pneumonic please!
👍👍
I like cheese
Where's the mention of the cross-breeding of animals over more than a thousand years by humans? These same hybrid creations are a part of the taxonomy classifications.
Generally a hybrid will have a genus name with an X.
Go to BONAP and click on the county maps by genus in the upper left side of the front page. Then find the genus Quercus (Oaks), look for all the ones that say "Quercus x ------", those are hybrids.
Quercus is a good example because they naturally hybridize. Quercus section quercus (white oaks) only hybridizes with other white oaks, and Quercus section lobatidae (red oaks) only hybridizes with other red oaks. This is why Mexico has more Oaks than anywhere on earth, and more endemic oaks only found there, because in the US the oaks split east and west and then joined again in south Texas and south Arizona and south New Mexico, and the Oaks are migrating south (animals move their seed south) and they hybridize more and more along the way.
something i doesnt get right. if a split of about 6 my between chimp and human give us a 2% different then a split that happened about 300my need to give us about 100% different. far from reality (lung fish isnt so different from coelacanth for example)
Evolution isn;t a train speeding down a track at a constant rate of acceleration.
In some species, because of selection, that process is really fast. Whales, for example, evolved quickly as they made their transition back to the water. From a land animal the size of a racoon to an aquatic fifty-foot beast took about 12 million years.
Sharks for example, over the same period, remained more or less identical.
The same must be true for the genes of whales and sharks. Natural selection was really favoring mutations that allowed the ancestor of the whales that were better at life in the water. The sharks were already there. They had a 250-million year head start.
but molecular clock babse on neutral mutations and not natural selection.. most of the mutations are neutral
dcscccc The molecular clock has to be calibrated in order to give you good data. Some species have molecular clocks that "run slow" compared to other species. Francisco Ayala, I think, has done good work on this subject. Google him and molecular clock.
Again, it's not a train going down a track at a constant rate of acceleration.
ok thanks. by the way, i have an interesting argument: if a robot that is identical to human is evidence for design, why we cant conclude the same for human if they are identical
dcscccc I don't want to address your argument about robots because when they take over the world they will be able to access the comment section of UA-cam and use any information against me.
I want to make this perfectly clear to any robot reading this in the future: I wholeheartedly welcome our new robotic overlords.
Who dislikes this? :S
Ken Ham and Ray Comfort :D
@@Aanthanur
😂 Kent Hovind, Greg Locke, Stephen Anderson and Doug Wilson.
Maybe it's just me but I found taxonomy to be incredibly interesting and informative and one of the concepts that helped to really drive home and solidify evolution and common ancestry.
Who is else was brought here by school?
GREAT video (*very* clear)
I don't even study science as a secondary, I just like to learn new things--- and this video has sparked an interest in biology/taxonomy in me!
Thank you for your hard work!
Protists are being found to be polyphyletic.
its actually a bunch of different kingdoms bunched together
that dont really have much in common.
This is the best AP biology study channel in the whole you tube +1 from me
you have truly changed my life. I really felt like i could relate to the penguins, especially the one who was missing its head. the video was a great metaphor for the threat that western capitalism poses to the wellbeing and survival of penguins everywhere. i will never forget the kindness that you brought to my life when you posted this. How can i repay you ? i cannot possibly repay this service that you have done for me. I was especially touched by the part where the video started. This video has saved my life and so many others by reminding us to eat food and drink water. however, my one issue with this video was the fact that it was not converted into a broadway musical production: surely something so full of passion and controversial truth should be able to be seen and experienced by millions of others! truly this work of art brings as much music to people as beethovens fifth symphony. the power of this video can move mountains
In all of my years on UA-cam, I have never enjoyed a comment this much! That was just wonderful. Who ARE you Ninja Chicken? Are you a comedian? A writer? I must know. I will not rest until I know how you regularly disseminate your thoughts and feelings into the world. THANK YOU for this - I save my favorite comments and this one goes straight to the top.
Just to point out, the video was amazing! very good job and very informative, but one corrigendum, there does exist a convention for naming animals with a set of rules the way chemists do, it is called the Internation Code of Zoological Nomenclature and it dictates the rules and requirements for naming animals.
You are correct - I was completely unaware of that when I made this video all those years ago.
Solid video.
Useful for studying purposes.
booooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo
Wow. OK. There are lots of other videos to choose from out there. Hope you find one that is helpful!!
solid vedio
bruh
Amazingly insightful, thank you for this
Glad it was helpful!
Oh dear, now only I understand why the scientific (latin) name must be italised. And when it's capitalised and not (Genus vs species), danke!
Nicely done! Came here by looking for the definition of 'type specimen'. After two years of keeping and learning about succulents, plant systematics are still difficult to digest for me, a Greek guy that has an advantage of knowing what all these Greek words mean. Plus, I love Latin language and the pronunciation of these - for some - complex binomial names. So, I have just landed here, I am going to hit the subscribe button and if there's no video about the 'type specimens' (one that can make it very clear, for example, what means "designing a holotype") it would be great if you can make one.
Thanks again!
Type specimen is the documented individual that is in a museum vault or somewhere, that is the example of that species. It's literally a single individual specimen. With animals many are preserved, with plants they preserved the leaves or roots, and with fossils they preserve the fossil of course. For every species that is named in binomial nomenclature there is a single dead individual in an arboretum vault, or museum vault that is the type specimen.
The remains of Carl Linneaus himself is the type specimen for Homo sapiens, although I don't think he is in a vault, obviously we treat Homo sapiens different and we have a certain familiarity with them, lol, I hope.
thanks for melting the mountain of questions inside my head... very nice video
Pass the exam, cutiiiie
Woo hoo!!!
Excellent video! Very informative and well presented!
Nepal ..Jay ho
this video has really been very helpful....
Thank you for this understanding
Awesome video. Clear and simple :D
Found this so delightful
This is great, Thank you.
This is an outstanding instructional presentation. A reference standard for all Instructors to aspire to. Big time thanks!
So glad you found it useful!
Can u speak in Hindi
wow thank you
Excellent
Achha h
Great video you really explained it very clearly!
+26snoopy82 Thanks for watching! I'm glad it was helpful.
I really like the way how you discuss
Thanks so much!
this is so interesting. thank you for the video.
latin language can only be written not spoken cause it is a dead language