Early European hunter gatherers tools and weaponry deep dive or Indo-European migration into Europe and the spread of farming with corresponding population and cultural changes.
A Video on Australian natives, a dive into the genetic isolation that took place, which also allowed crazy amounts of species to develop and most are found nowhere else.
@@sahulianhooligan7046 Yamnaya didn't come from Central Asia, they came from Eastern Europe, around Ukraine and Southern Russia mostly, some did live a bit in Kazakhstan, but only a small amount if I remember correctly. Saying that, they have a lot of ancestry form ANE, who lived in Siberia, but there people were not Asians, but West Eurasians like Europeans and Middle Easterners, who might have originated in either place (my theory is that they descend from Epigravettians who moved east, I could be wrong). Also, the EEF did in fact come from Anatolia, and I do feel a level of love and connection, but my last ancestors who lived in Western Asia are very ancient, they moved to Europe long ago, so I feel less of a connection to Anatolia, I still revere it as an ancestral homeland . But moreso Europe sense that is the whole end point for everyone, and our earliest ancestors there are very fucking ancient.
@@sahulianhooligan7046No love for anatolian farmers they ruined everything with agriculture. I am from northern Italy so I should have nearly 80% of my dna coming from them but I still do not like them
europeans are the end result of admixture and replacement and do not have deep (as in paleolithic) roots to Europe. i guess the most archaic genetic component in the gemones of today's europeans would be the Western Hunter Gatherers, but those folks certainly werent apart of the first wave of europeans
He very slightly injects his politics into some of his videos and dismisses/never mentions a recent finding in human anthropology that makes alot of his past and present videos and messaging false. The finding came out around 2017 and rocked this field of study.(not politically correct to talk about) This video actually is directly related to that finding and he is smearing it/greying the 2017 finding while presenting a weak counter point. All while avoiding mentioning it. To the average viewer you won't get what he is actually presenting because like a snake in the grass he refuses to talk about something that would shake his side of politics in his academic circle and by giving voice to what he is actually trying to counter it will cause people to look it up and realize he is fudging facts. Therefore the majority of viewers will just drool and consume what he is saying.
@Narbnod I think that MrRandomName is referring to a single tooth found in Bulgariam 2017 dating 7 million years ago, thus suggesting that hominids originated in Europe, not Africa. A single Graecopithecus tooth. (If so, I'd leave that out as well. This is a fantastic video from North02 again, top tier as always, making me thankful to be alive and able to watch these vids whenever I feel like.) Please @Random Name, correct me if I'm wrong. Many of us would like to know. Nothing wrong with sharing information. But we all like to come to our own conclusions presented with the facts :)
@@The_Conqueeftador why do you also never mention this recent finding? please mention it so i can research it. all this no mentioning has me intrigued haha
@@saradavis6581 because he’s a nazi and all they can actually do is fear monger/ vaguely allude to some hidden truth that they have rather than provide any real evidence for their presumed ideas
Since everything has already been said about how excellent this channel is, I have to give massive props to the narrator for exemplary understanding and execution of punctuation. I can tell when someone was properly taught how to read. Speaking this perfectly is a very rare gift! 🥰
Yet another _excellent_ video, North. I love the whole package, from the voice to the writing to the quality of the images and the professional look! You should be working for one of the big history channels, with a paycheck big enough to make you set for life. 🙂 Very well done! ❤️❤️
“Cro Magnon” is fine as a name IMO, not unlike “Denisovan” and it’s easier for people to understand the distinction or at least specify between them and previous hominid and less advanced human populations compared to calling them different variations on “human”
@@doomguy9049 Denisovans and Neanderthals are not Homo Sapiens Sapiens. "Cro Magnon" is. By giving them a name on that level adds to the confusion. They were more like a different tribe.
@@telebubba5527 Cro Magnon is the first fully modern human and is genetically indistinguishable from the people of Europe today which is why the place name makes sense. There are a bunch of primitive or near-human fossils that are identified as variations on "early modern human" or similar because they don't want to accurately categorize human races any further, but those names don't make sense to laymen or anyone really: they're just used for political/religious reasons not scientific ones.
Your content is top quality and very good at breaking down the dense jargon on academic papers for the layman. You do a better job of covering topics than some of my college professors did.
@8:30, you discuss melanin/pigmentation. It isn’t accurate to show dark skinned Europeans. In France, even today, some of the natives have olive skin. They don’t look like Africans.
@@brandondavis7777 Yep just look at the photos of Indigenous inhabitants of Tierra del Fuego, Tasmania, New Zealand and Alaska...totally olive skin because of climate lol
Didn't you hear the part where he said (it's very well known and they have genetic sequences and know the genes (in all homo sapiens including us today) for skin color so scientists literally can see in these people's genes they can sequence their skin color) until 5-8000 years ago Europeans were dark skinned? They retained their dark skin the entire time period 50K-8K years ago. It's not even a theory because they can see the fact. They know for sure. They test their genes the same way they could test yours or mine.
@Graeme Duncan They retained the African skin phenotype from where they came from. Speculating they may have had similar hair isn't shocking. And not all of them did in the photos.
I don't know about you,North 02 community, but he makes me feel like I am there with these people. The struggle to survive and prosper during prehistory is fascinating to me. Oh for a Tardis!
Thanks for the references. I was under the impression that pale skin and light eyes came from neanderthals, but now I know different. Decades ago, before the advent of genetic sequencing, I found a monograph in a university library about blood types and ancient migrations in Europe. The author worked with data from blood typing of donors all over Europe and his conclusions IIRC, are consistent with much of what you present here. Neolithic farmers from the middle east outbred or pushed paleolithic hunter gatherers up into the Alps and west to the Pyrenees. The Basques have a really high (>30%) incidence of Rh negative blood, which is uncommon in the rest of Europe (less so in Switzerland) and almost unknown elsewhere in the world. I recall a later influx of farmers from northwestern Asia settling the lands north of the Alps. I don't remember the rest, but I was impressed by what could be inferred from the incidence of a few genes, and how clever the author was to realize how useful this "free" data could be. I wish I could give you a reference, but IIRC, I read it in the early 1980s so it's at least that old.
I also used to think lighter skin came from Neanderthals but yeah now that seems pretty ridiculous. Change of diet and thousands of years of migrations from different populations spreading more of the genes for light skin in the past 5,000 years is more logical based on studies
@@Spongebrain97 It's not a ridiculous idea that it came from Neanderthals. They were in northern Europe for at least 200,000 years longer than H.sapiens, and had all that time to acquire and conserve mutations helpful in that climate. The value of pale skin in a cold cloudy climate with limited strong sunlight exposure is shown by the much shorter timescale (8000 years?) in which it took over in most of the population of northern Europe. You can lose a lot of each generation when vit D deficiency causes a lot of maternal deaths in first childbirth.
@@b.a.erlebacher1139 lmao. if I had a penny everytime I heard that bs. light skin is not a recent adaptation. we've been light skinned for at least 60,000 years.
@@b.a.erlebacher1139it has been established the White mutation are similar but not inheriated from the neanthertal White genes. The evolved seperately so they could perhaps have been inheriated but the are not
Hey North, can you do an episode regarding war animals? You covered war dogs before but there are still are animals like the elephants. Apparently, they've been in use for thousands of years.
I like the theory that the reason Neanderthals 'lost' to Sapiens is because their gestation period was longer 11-13 months and thus inhibited their population numbers in chaotic climatic ice age Europe.
Excellent work North02! You probably know evidence is mounting that debunks Out Of Africa, and cutting edge research just published in Hereditas proposes a new Out Of Eurasia model. The paper is titled "The reversal of human phylogeny: Homo left Africa as erectus, came back as sapiens sapiens". The credibility of this new theory needs evaluation and could be ground breaking content...
@@nunceccemortiferiscultu7826 Absolutely. Most theories, studies and papers are researched and produced by professors at universities and institutes. For example, the paper I cited was authored by a professor at the Department of Clinical Sciences at Lund University, Sweden. I'm not suggesting all modern universities teach an Out of Eurasia model, but the theory is becoming more prevalent based on recent evidence such as presented in the paper. It's an interesting read if you have time.
@@nunceccemortiferiscultu7826 No, I'd say you're asking of the question is understanding enough that even just such theories are practically banned from widespread publication. We have known Out of Africa is scientifically nonsense for a long time, only now is it's opposition even seeing the light of day again, and is extremely strangulated with every discovery. Literally in this video the North02 guy talks about these "lies" as if they are facts, such as saying things to the effect of "white people only came into existence about 7000 years ago" and things like this, despite the somewhat famous discovery of a 28,000 year old Cro-Magnon IN SOUTHERN ITALY, who was genetically identical to modern Europeans, (an example of research that is simply ignored and suppressed, I can only imagine because no one realises the political reasons or patterns at play, but people are beginning to take notice like yourself I'm sure). I'm not saying I support the out of Eurasia theory, or any theory on the matter, I'm just saying that the current theory is fictional (there's still the missing link no one seems to mention anymore) and such opposition is obviously banned.
@@jasonborn867 Thor Heyerdahl was denounced by his universities and posthumously removed from his own institution for researching such theories archeologically, let alone biologically, after they became verboten.
Another hit! Tons of great info. Thank you for making these videos 👏 I didn’t know that early Europeans had such a diverse genetic influence. That’s fascinating!
This is a vast subject to cover in one programme, and I truly appreciate the effort you have made in producing this. Chronological graphs, showing te progression of thier development would be of cpnsiderable help to viewers not quite so well-versed in the subject.
Another awesome video. Your videos are one of the highlights of my week. Keep up the good work. I hope you feel better and your voice returns soon. God bless you and yours.
ყველა აქედან არის წასული მერე დასავლეთ ევროპის ქვეყნებში,და ამათმა უნდა მიგვიღონ ჩვენ ევროპაში? 😂 ღვინო ამტკიცებს იმას რომ ჩვენ ვართ პირველი ევროპელები ))
Nice video, and i like the mention of sources! It would help me if - when you pronounce the name of these industries, you would show them written down too. Subtitles did not help either :( First bohunitian? Then proto-Aurignacian? Then Aurignacian-"proper"? Then Gravettian? (Later you do write down some culture names as i see)
Your voice was not bad and in fact relaxing to listen to. I enjoyed the video, learned quite a lot, and look forward to more. By the way, I'm 73, and when I was young and in graduate school working toward my MFA, there was a major exhibition of "Cave Man Art" at the Metropolitan Museum In NYC. Some of the pieces you show were on display. I was amazed by the quality and lifelike depictions. One in particular was the head of a cane, which depicted a deer or elk jumping, which conformed to the shape of the bone handle. I decided then and there that modern humans did not have much, if anything, on those guys.
The same way that recent discoveries have shown Earth is flat, co2 can’t effect global temperature, and earth was created only 6,000 years ago? Perhaps stop taking every conspiracy and pseudoscientific claim you hear and taking it at face value.
Brilliant video mate! When you cover the other Upper Paleolithic cultures, please don't forget the "Cresswellian culture" based in the heart of England (Cresswell Crags).
Great video. Istria, Dalmatia, and northeastern Italy seem to be regions with ancient populations. Would love to learn more about that area in particular.
What reasons are there to erase ethnic groups from history? Why do you only have art of Africans as cavemen? Guancha and Berbers had modern European features. Red and blond hair. Not every African is black.
People debating the colour of our ancient ancestors skin tones never seem to take the constantly changing temperatures and climates in places where our ancestors were evolving. Africa was not always so hot, with deserts and vast savannahs etc. Just as Antarctica was not always frozen! The climate has a huge impact on melanin present (or lacking) within one’s skin.
@@BanDodger pretty sure they either don’t understand that the climate has always changed (and skin tones change after hundreds of years of cold vs hundreds of years of heat - but the different climates actually last thousands of years!!) but it also could be politics yeah :)
I just watched "The Origins Of Homo Sapiens With Professor Chris Stringer" from History Hit, and up to 7;13, your narrative great parallels what Stringer is telling us. And also with that jaw from Romania. These recent findings are very compelling that a new story/explanation of Euro-Asian origins is being made (thank the gods!), different from only 25 years ago, when many stereotypes were still abundant in discussions. Excellent. Now back to your video after 7;13!
Thanks for the video especially the explanation on the various migrations and assimilations into Europe. Many people just stop at the yamnaya and think they’re the only descendants of indo-europeans.
I think I mean that people focus on history most of the time as apposed to prehistory. You are correct though, European prehistory is by far the most well studied compared to other continents.
I have only a small observation to make: in the map presented between minutes 12:07 and 12:19, Transylvania is mentioned a little further south than it is in reality. It is shown in the Romanian Plain, south of the Southern Carpathians ( Carpatii Meridionali ) and in reality it is north of them.
@@NORTH02 if it’s a theory why you present it as a fact when making a documentary about a continent. Not to hate your videos are great but how are apes supposed to mutate into what we are now.. Makes no sense.
@@user-uu2ur3mh9mHow does it not make sense? What part are you struggling to understand? It makes a lot of sense. Although, the correct description is that modern apes and humans have a shared ancestor. If you don't accept that, I don't know what to do with you. This is what scientific research tells us. I certainly haven't heard any better theories.
You guys are welcome to come up with a theory with evidence and reasoning, also publish a paper about it. Nobody is preventing you from doing it, put up or shut up.
There should definately be a videogame about survival and prehistoric warfare, set in a time where the Neanderthals were only just wiped out. So basically, one aurignacian tribe fighting another aurignacian tribe.
Just to be clear, do they have Homo Erectus DNA profiles? Is so, do those profiles show a clear connection to modern human profiles? I've always assumed that they had the profiles and that the profiles showed the connection. However, when I think about the tests showing different levels of Neanderthal in different people, I wondered whether there is some other species that is in the ancestry and isn't Homo Erectus according to DNA.
I'm not sure about the answer to your question, but I believe it is quietly accepted that modern Europeans do not "descend" from Neanderthals at all, but are literally Cro-Magnons who interbred in small amounts with Neanderthals, I am not sure of the common ancestor between Neanderthals and Cro-Magnon.
@@Alfred5555 That's a pretty tight distinction to make. Even if modern European-descended people have only a small percentage of Neanderthal DNA that resulted from a small part of the Neanderthal population being integrated into the Cro-Magnon population, I would say that these people are at least partially "descended" from Neanderthal. Even if the entire European-descended population doesn't have a measurable amount of Neanderthal DNA, I'd say that the population as a whole is partially descended from that group. I hope that someone will be able to answer whether all of Neanderthal and Cro-Magnon lines came from Homo Erectus or whether some other species might have played a part. Again, I've just always assumed that all of us came from one or maybe a few lines of Home Erectus. The idea of having another contributor would be interesting. I honestly don't know whether they've been able to collect enough Home Erectus DNA to construct the entire genome. If we have something that isn't part of the Homo Erectus genome, that would be very interesting.
Europeans look different anyway unlike others also u can find high cheek bones in Northern Europes and even Western Europeans tanned olive and swarthy skin is found in Southern Europeans
I continue to see depictions of early Europeans as having a modern day African appearance.The problem with this is that modern day africans too have evolved since homo sapiens left the African continent.There is the archaic admixture that varies by races as well.Subsaharan populations have significant "ghost population" admixture that is largely or entirely not present in Indo Europeans/orientalids.Likewise we have archaic admixture largely not present in sub saharan Africans.The portrayal of early Europeans (pick a population)as sharing the phenotypes of modern Africans seems a lazy portrayal and/or politically motivated.
Can you give a source ? I postulated that possibly a child of EM man and neanderthal mother could be sterile , contributing to extinction whereas if child of EM mother and neanderthal man could explain how genes show up in modern man
I'm dark Irish (my partner said I could help out with getting the black vote!) but I do think it's been much exaggerated the preponderance of dark skin in late Pleistocene European humans to make a political point, just because you have a gene doesn't mean it's switched on nor do we have a huge amount of evidence for early Northern European. Vitamin D is an absolute necessity for a healthy life and if our ancestors like mine were in the far north where the sun rarely shines then they will be at a serious disadvantage. You've got to wonder why so many people even in northern Africa have light skin. A good example of this political bias is that Neanderthals are always shown with light skin, whilst similar homo sapiens of a similar time are now shown as having dark skin. To note, I'm a Labour party member and my partner is mixed race. But objectivity over politics, all the time
Vitamin D can be obtain through diet without much sunlight hence Tasmanian Aboriginals. "A good example of this political bias is that Neanderthals are always shown with light skin, whilst similar homo sapiens of a similar time are now shown as having dark skin." Neanderthals have lived in Europe for half a million years. Homo Sapiens Sapiens were recent migrators from Africa arriving in Europe 40,000 years ago. "You've got to wonder why so many people even in northern Africa have light skin" Same reason there is light skin in South Africa and Australia = recent migration
It can appear that early Europeans are portrayed as brown or black, Not through empirical evidence, but through an ideological push. As with the British “Cheddar Man” whose DNA was sequenced and proclaimed by the British Natural History Museum, as black skinned, Even though the laboratory that carried out the DNA sequencing refuted that there was any evidence of Cheddar Man’s skin tone, either black or white, however in today’s “Diversity and politically correct “ driven academic world, he was reconstructed with black skin in spite of the lack of evidence ?
They were dark skinned. Calm down bubba does not mean we are Sib Saharan Afircans or even related as they had yet to even exist when Cheddar Man came over. Stop being a fking baby. He was dark skinned and blue eyed. Not African. Skin tones literally means nothing. We can tell what his tone was via SNPs and gene markers. He was dark, bot African. He had a very common European male Haplogroup and female. His MtDNA is U5b1. I am also U5b1. Most Common in North Europeans and Pre Yamnaya European populations
@@boogers69420 Dont conflate human Origins in Africa with being African. Neanderthals (which everyone but sub saharans Africans have Small DNA of, mostly Europeans and East Asians) and Homo Sapiens left Africa and evolved LONGGGGG before Sub Saharan or North African were even Ethnic groups, languages, and culture. Nothing that could be identified as black African or North African existed. Our ancestors evolved and developed separately. The main ancestral component of all Europeans from North to South is the Yamnaya aka the Indo Europeans, they originated in West Asia, the Pontic Caspian Steppe. We aren't West Asian though. Haplogroups prove so. Again, African did not exist as what it does today when our ancestors spread out. Hominids left Africa 60-90,000 years ago. Not a single ethnic group, modern culture nor language existed. The African Genome would not develop for THOUSANDS more years. Same with everyone. Lmfao. That's the part people tend to leave out or exaggerate.. "Human Origins are in Africa, we must all be African" that's not how it works. Genetics determine that. Not Land. I'm sure as sht not Native American or even American ethnically at all. The earliest humans were black, dark skinned. Not African. Nor are we.
Today Dr John Campbell, in his presentation on 'genetics and covid deaths', documents how Neanderthal genetics clearly has had an effect on the likelihood of death from covid. He also presents the information that Neanderthal genes are basically unknown in Africa. At 2:56, you say that Neanderthals contribute to almost all human populations. Was that just a slip where you left out Africa or, perhaps you know something about genetics that others don't know? I would love to find out.
Well that's obviously a measurement problem. Subsaharan africa basically keeps no data on anything. Vs say european where every death "with covid" was labeled as "of covid". Massive difference. Also the fact of the testing scam where they'd ramp up the test cycle to get whatever result they wanted. Not to mention the economic and political pressure aspect of covid along with the doomsday end times cult aspect of covid. Along with trillions of dollars to be made. NO EXCESS DEATHS PERIOD. If covid was never mentioned on the T.V. 2020 would've no different than any other year.
I think only that one specific gene. I noticed his chart of the Neanderthal gene is different from other charts showing many Neanderthal genes. I sincerely think that paper to which he refers is only speaking of one Neanderthal gene. A specific one.
why do people always lose their minds when the skin color of early Europeans is discussed? Surely it cannot be that serious can it? Xyz reasons why they weren't dark skinned but the science says otherwise. Please grow up.
First science just say, that they lacked genes that nowadays are typically associated with light skin. Secondly, dark skin at this latitude means likely vitamin D deficiency. Thirdly, BBC used Blacks for playing those people (the closest contemporary ethnic group are... Balts) which was considered as at best a critical research failure on their part or more likely some bizarre attempt to re-write history to fit contemporary fads.
I've been waiting for this one. I've had so many arguments about how Europe was colonized and how it's people changed from there African and Asian ancestors. It's sad that people still can't accept that we evolved over millions of years from an a single cell organism to monkey like mammals to modern day humans. I think that's a more amazing story than any religion could possibly give us.
They call it the Out of Africa theory for a reason! It's not proven fact! And as science advances we keep learning new things! New discoveries all over the place new hominids discovered all over the place! Who knows what they're going to discover next. They also hide a lot of s*** to from us! Just keep an open mind that's it! I have a feeling our history is more complex than anybody can even imagine!
@@wildschwein9066 no modern humans 100% came from Africa and there's no questioning that. We interbreed with Neanderthals and denisovens making us slightly different then our African ancestors and giving us a biological advantage in our environment. More robust bones faster healing skin, better ability to absorb vitamin d thru our diets and sunlight ect. Even Neanderthals originated from Africa and Asia just an FYI. Some of the best bs I've ever heard is people claiming white people are descendants of some red skinned people and black people have never changed and that native Americans were delivered by some spirit crow or evolved there completely separate from the other side of the world. I'm not against creationism theory's but it's obvious how it all started. Even in this video he talks about how we came from Africa.
@@buildurtruckurway9118 lol yes I've heard many of these theories and many that are worse. Some Afrocentric said that white people came from albinos or that we're just Neanderthal mixed cave people ,lol it's disgusting how brainless some people are!
@@vikingirishman1 I completely agree. I feel that every day we learn more that helps develop this theory into a far broader spectrum and even help with a few others. There's an out of Asia theory aswell that has quite a bit of solid proof but not enough to solidify it. our current accepted theory is the out of Africa theory and it's because it's the only one we have solid facts for so I follow the current facts. I believe it's possible for human like species to have developed all over the planet but modern humans 100% are African descendants and white people and Asians and natives ect are a result of interbreeding with other homo species, cultural and environmental changes our diets ect. I really hope something huge gets discovered and it turns every theory on its head so we can finally learn even More as most of this type of science has been slowed or halted completely in some Fields because the funding just doesn't exist anymore. Hell, maybe it would be one of the factors that help hault racism in the world.
I thought this was going to talk about the *first* Europeans, like Boxgrove Man. Not just a quick mention, but like the first time areas were settled and what those people were.
@@wildschwein9066 , The first members of genus Homo in Europe go back over a million years. According to the evidence, when new groups came there was a very good chance for "friendliness" to happen and genes to be shared. So how far back do European genes go back? How many H. heidelbergensis genes still exist in us? Nobody knows for sure, but probably a lot. Was Boxgrove Man somewhere in your family tree? Quite possibly. The record is incomplete.
@@wildschwein9066 , I don't know your genealogy but according to two different companies I am a typical Eastern European mutt except for being quite a bit above average (about 3%) Neanderthal. That is like my Great Great Great Grandfather was Neanderthal. Given averages, if you are European your Neanderthal percentage is equivalent to your Great Great Great Great Grandfather being Neanderthal. That 3% is also just about how much Romani (Gypsy) or Bulgarian I am, given the family geneology. I already knew that I am part Romani and part Bulgarian because we know their names from family history research. Those ancestors are both real people to me. I don't know the name of my Neanderthal Great Great Great Grandfather, but he was real and his family lived in Europe for about 400,000 years. Likewise, his ancestors were 100% Homo heidelbergensis and they lived in Europe since about 2/3 of a million years ago. That means I am 3% descended from H. heidelbergensis people who have lived in Europe for 2/3 of a million years. That's not even trying to track down when the ancestors of H. heidelbergensis immigrated to Europe. As I see it, if your ancestors moved to Europe 100,000 years ago then they are recent arrivals because mine have been there about ten times as long.
2:57 you say "these first Europeans" but you show Africans. 7:38 The African skull is DOUBLE the thickness of the Caucasian skull, African arms are 3 inches longer and their bone density is 17% higher. There is no way these changes happened over 70 thousand years so Caucasians evolved from Erectus, Denisovans and Neanderthals.
Yeah, thats a bs theory. And it is a theory because it can not be proven. Asia, Europe, and Africa all had people that evolved. All of us did not come from Africa.
We are stronger, faster, and healthier today than we have ever been in history, everyone just used to starve and die from infections even just 300 years ago, today we are bigger and stronger than ever before thanks to modern civilisation. The global average height is 5'5, Europeans considering 5'9 to be average or even short makes them the gigantic freaks of the modern world, particular modern central Europeans and the Dutch. Even in roman times, Germanic warriors were noted as being basically giants, casually considered to 1 foot taller than Romans, so it's something in our DNA that is only fully brought out by comfortable modern society.
@@Alfred5555 Ok yes. We are definitely healthier as in we live longer. But no way are we healthier, fitter, faster or stronger than ancient people. They used to chase down their prey on foot. The people back then were thought to run at least 37kmph or 23mph in their bare feet in the wilderness. The only thing close to that is probably current Africans. Very few people nowadays would last 10 minutes in the Wild. I am a European and was raised a Hunter and a Fisherman. But not everyone was that lucky. Most would die in minutes either to cold, disease or inability to hunt their own food. So we may definitely be the most powerful and smartest in history. But the first Men would rip us to pieces
@@deaganachomarunacathasaigh4344 But all that is really just a matter of exercise, I agree that we are very "lazy" and don't live up to our physical potential, but we simply don't need to and it would utterly deleterious if we even tried to. We have found that the brain is our most powerful muscle, so we have simultaneously achieved every physical desire more successfully than ever before, with ever diminishing amounts of physical effort required. I'm sure fundamentally we agree on the nature of modern man and it's failings, however modern civilisation is in fact magnificent and incredible and has very little wrong with it except small outside influences. Although if we are to make a case for bolstering our defences and improving on the skills that we lack, it's not enough for those of us who are blessed with the insight to simply know it is so to say that it is so, we must make a proper case as to why modern society needs reinforcing and the correct levels to which it is needed. Enjoying the notion of the "civilised barbarian" or the "noble savage" and explaining how some people in Africa can run for 30 miles at 20mph to catch a deer, when we can put a pre-made chicken in a microwave, or that some primitive hunters can hold their breath for 5 minutes under water while spear fishing, when we can order a delivery of fish and chips from our phone to our house, only makes any focus on the "physical" aspect of humanity seem very stupid. (One fun thought that you should have though is that, if any of those still physically prestigious hunter gather peoples from Africa were placed in Europe and expected to survive as such, they would likely perish just as quickly if not faster than the average modern European if he was thrust back into his "natural home" too. We are not become unnatural or weak, we farmers cum industrialists are it would seem, super-natural and very strong, our metropolis' are a hunter gathers village of huts.)
@@blanketparty5259 And due to out diet. More meat and dairy in our diets. The Cold North or the Wadden Sea and low lyinh plains of North Germany and the Netherlands were not ideal for Farming. Especially further up North where Permafrost ruins the ground for agriculture.
Why, because they are white? Our species came from Africa weather you like it or not, we are a pioneer species who spread all over the globe, evolving and adapting to the new environments they inhabited creating the races you see today, we all speak language and live in extremely big social groups, which is unique to our species only.
But I believe Europeans was already in Europe from the start.....🤍💪🏻😎👍🏻🤍.... Now don't get me wrong I'm sure some people's ancestors are from Africa but i believe that the white complxon people are not from Africa not at all Also made my European Ancestors a little to dark huh but i also believe the professionals are not really telling the truth on some things
I note with some ire that when discussing the darker skin of the early Europeans, that you showed a picture of a person of sub Saharan African decent. This is a gross misrepresentation of what the skin color would have looked like, as well as the facial structures. The more correct representation would have been a Native American, or a more closely, people from India. I cannot fathom the desire to make ancient Europeans look like Sub Saharan Africans. This is certainly not supported by the archeological evidence or the genetic evidence. Lets try sticking to the actual science, and stop the desire for inclusion.
What topic should I cover next?
a series on European history from prehistory to today.
homo sapien migration to the americas
Early European hunter gatherers tools and weaponry deep dive or Indo-European migration into Europe and the spread of farming with corresponding population and cultural changes.
A Video on Australian natives, a dive into the genetic isolation that took place, which also allowed crazy amounts of species to develop and most are found nowhere else.
the first siberians pls
Damn, as a European, watching this made me feel an even stronger connection to our continent, knowing just how ancient our connection to it is.
Watch out, attitudes like that are quickly verging on becoming illegal.
They call it "whyte supremacy"
No love for anatolia or central asian steppes?
@@sahulianhooligan7046 Yamnaya didn't come from Central Asia, they came from Eastern Europe, around Ukraine and Southern Russia mostly, some did live a bit in Kazakhstan, but only a small amount if I remember correctly. Saying that, they have a lot of ancestry form ANE, who lived in Siberia, but there people were not Asians, but West Eurasians like Europeans and Middle Easterners, who might have originated in either place (my theory is that they descend from Epigravettians who moved east, I could be wrong). Also, the EEF did in fact come from Anatolia, and I do feel a level of love and connection, but my last ancestors who lived in Western Asia are very ancient, they moved to Europe long ago, so I feel less of a connection to Anatolia, I still revere it as an ancestral homeland . But moreso Europe sense that is the whole end point for everyone, and our earliest ancestors there are very fucking ancient.
@@sahulianhooligan7046No love for anatolian farmers they ruined everything with agriculture. I am from northern Italy so I should have nearly 80% of my dna coming from them but I still do not like them
europeans are the end result of admixture and replacement and do not have deep (as in paleolithic) roots to Europe. i guess the most archaic genetic component in the gemones of today's europeans would be the Western Hunter Gatherers, but those folks certainly werent apart of the first wave of europeans
17:25 If you haven't already, could you make a video on agriculture and its affect on health please? That would be interesting
I second this request
This would be great!
I 4th this request!
I dont know if this is a democracy or not but imma vote for this too
5th this request.
Early human history is endlessly fascinating. Thanks for this.
There's a certain joy I feel when I get a notification for your videos! You're awesome and can't thank you enough for what you do
Punguza kimbelembele
That was possibly one of the most reflexive click I've had. Your content is TOP TIER!
I wouldn’t say all that.. It’s aight 🤷🏿♂️
He very slightly injects his politics into some of his videos and dismisses/never mentions a recent finding in human anthropology that makes alot of his past and present videos and messaging false. The finding came out around 2017 and rocked this field of study.(not politically correct to talk about) This video actually is directly related to that finding and he is smearing it/greying the 2017 finding while presenting a weak counter point. All while avoiding mentioning it. To the average viewer you won't get what he is actually presenting because like a snake in the grass he refuses to talk about something that would shake his side of politics in his academic circle and by giving voice to what he is actually trying to counter it will cause people to look it up and realize he is fudging facts. Therefore the majority of viewers will just drool and consume what he is saying.
@Narbnod I think that MrRandomName is referring to a single tooth found in Bulgariam 2017 dating 7 million years ago, thus suggesting that hominids originated in Europe, not Africa. A single Graecopithecus tooth.
(If so, I'd leave that out as well. This is a fantastic video from North02 again, top tier as always, making me thankful to be alive and able to watch these vids whenever I feel like.)
Please @Random Name, correct me if I'm wrong. Many of us would like to know. Nothing wrong with sharing information. But we all like to come to our own conclusions presented with the facts :)
@@The_Conqueeftador why do you also never mention this recent finding? please mention it so i can research it. all this no mentioning has me intrigued haha
@@saradavis6581 because he’s a nazi and all they can actually do is fear monger/ vaguely allude to some hidden truth that they have rather than provide any real evidence for their presumed ideas
Another excellent video. It's wonderful that you back each one up with extraordinary sources. You're doing an amazing job. Best wishes.
I binged a lot of your videos. But I didn't realize I wasn't subscribed until I saw this video. Now I am. Great videos!
Your voice for this and other videos was great. The essays upon which your videos are based are also fantastic.
It's relaxing but so laid back he kind of sounds a bit stoned
@@livrowland171 good for him then right ?
Since everything has already been said about how excellent this channel is, I have to give massive props to the narrator for exemplary understanding and execution of punctuation. I can tell when someone was properly taught how to read. Speaking this perfectly is a very rare gift! 🥰
Absolutely on point throughout. I can only imagine the amount of research that goes into your videos. Awesome work!
Yet another _excellent_ video, North. I love the whole package, from the voice to the writing to the quality of the images and the professional look! You should be working for one of the big history channels, with a paycheck big enough to make you set for life. 🙂 Very well done! ❤️❤️
The first Europeans were different species of human
Entertaining, educational, well worth rewatching. Every North 02 video raises human intelligence. We really need this.
Are you really sure that human intelligence can be raised? I doubt....
@@sterno5119 no not all of it. But I have hope for some. North02 makes science a much more digestible.
“Cro Magnon” is fine as a name IMO, not unlike “Denisovan” and it’s easier for people to understand the distinction or at least specify between them and previous hominid and less advanced human populations compared to calling them different variations on “human”
Yes it's the same with Neanderthals - who are so named because their bones were found in the Neander Valley.
But “Cro Magnon” are just Homo Sapiens….Denisovans and Neanderthal are entirely separate species from Homo Sapiens.
@@dstinnettmusic that doesn't mean anything when they call everything some form of homo sapiens is the whole point lol
@@doomguy9049 Denisovans and Neanderthals are not Homo Sapiens Sapiens. "Cro Magnon" is. By giving them a name on that level adds to the confusion. They were more like a different tribe.
@@telebubba5527 Cro Magnon is the first fully modern human and is genetically indistinguishable from the people of Europe today which is why the place name makes sense. There are a bunch of primitive or near-human fossils that are identified as variations on "early modern human" or similar because they don't want to accurately categorize human races any further, but those names don't make sense to laymen or anyone really: they're just used for political/religious reasons not scientific ones.
I honestly think this is the best documentary on the first Europeans I have found. Please do more and if possible, longer.
Absolutely amazing. Cannot wait for more videos in this series. Absolutely amazing. Fantastic work!
Thank you! This was once again a great video. I learn so much every time.
Love. ❤💞
Your content is top quality and very good at breaking down the dense jargon on academic papers for the layman. You do a better job of covering topics than some of my college professors did.
Well done. Very concise and to "the point."
@8:30, you discuss melanin/pigmentation. It isn’t accurate to show dark skinned Europeans. In France, even today, some of the natives have olive skin. They don’t look like Africans.
Due to Yamnaya and Anatolian admixture
@@sahulianhooligan7046 due to the climate*.
@@brandondavis7777 Yep just look at the photos of Indigenous inhabitants of Tierra del Fuego, Tasmania, New Zealand and Alaska...totally olive skin because of climate lol
Didn't you hear the part where he said (it's very well known and they have genetic sequences and know the genes (in all homo sapiens including us today) for skin color so scientists literally can see in these people's genes they can sequence their skin color) until 5-8000 years ago Europeans were dark skinned? They retained their dark skin the entire time period 50K-8K years ago. It's not even a theory because they can see the fact. They know for sure. They test their genes the same way they could test yours or mine.
@Graeme Duncan They retained the African skin phenotype from where they came from. Speculating they may have had similar hair isn't shocking. And not all of them did in the photos.
I don't know about you,North 02 community, but he makes me feel like I am there with these people. The struggle to survive and prosper during prehistory is fascinating to me. Oh for a Tardis!
Another banger from our boy North.
And have you considered about making a video about Proto-Indo-Europeans?
Thanks for the references. I was under the impression that pale skin and light eyes came from neanderthals, but now I know different.
Decades ago, before the advent of genetic sequencing, I found a monograph in a university library about blood types and ancient migrations in Europe. The author worked with data from blood typing of donors all over Europe and his conclusions IIRC, are consistent with much of what you present here. Neolithic farmers from the middle east outbred or pushed paleolithic hunter gatherers up into the Alps and west to the Pyrenees. The Basques have a really high (>30%) incidence of Rh negative blood, which is uncommon in the rest of Europe (less so in Switzerland) and almost unknown elsewhere in the world. I recall a later influx of farmers from northwestern Asia settling the lands north of the Alps. I don't remember the rest, but I was impressed by what could be inferred from the incidence of a few genes, and how clever the author was to realize how useful this "free" data could be. I wish I could give you a reference, but IIRC, I read it in the early 1980s so it's at least that old.
I also used to think lighter skin came from Neanderthals but yeah now that seems pretty ridiculous. Change of diet and thousands of years of migrations from different populations spreading more of the genes for light skin in the past 5,000 years is more logical based on studies
@@Spongebrain97 It's not a ridiculous idea that it came from Neanderthals. They were in northern Europe for at least 200,000 years longer than H.sapiens, and had all that time to acquire and conserve mutations helpful in that climate. The value of pale skin in a cold cloudy climate with limited strong sunlight exposure is shown by the much shorter timescale (8000 years?) in which it took over in most of the population of northern Europe. You can lose a lot of each generation when vit D deficiency causes a lot of maternal deaths in first childbirth.
@@b.a.erlebacher1139 No it came from. Ancient North Eurasians
@@b.a.erlebacher1139 lmao. if I had a penny everytime I heard that bs. light skin is not a recent adaptation. we've been light skinned for at least 60,000 years.
@@b.a.erlebacher1139it has been established the White mutation are similar but not inheriated from the neanthertal White genes. The evolved seperately so they could perhaps have been inheriated but the are not
Hey North, can you do an episode regarding war animals? You covered war dogs before but there are still are animals like the elephants. Apparently, they've been in use for thousands of years.
I like the theory that the reason Neanderthals 'lost' to Sapiens is because their gestation period was longer 11-13 months and thus inhibited their population numbers in chaotic climatic ice age Europe.
Excellent work North02! You probably know evidence is mounting that debunks Out Of Africa, and cutting edge research just published in Hereditas proposes a new Out Of Eurasia model. The paper is titled "The reversal of human phylogeny: Homo left Africa as erectus, came back as sapiens sapiens". The credibility of this new theory needs evaluation and could be ground breaking content...
Would you even be allowed to study something like that at a modern university?
@@nunceccemortiferiscultu7826 Absolutely. Most theories, studies and papers are researched and produced by professors at universities and institutes. For example, the paper I cited was authored by a professor at the Department of Clinical Sciences at Lund University, Sweden. I'm not suggesting all modern universities teach an Out of Eurasia model, but the theory is becoming more prevalent based on recent evidence such as presented in the paper. It's an interesting read if you have time.
@@jasonborn867 If Homo Sapiens migrated back into Africa instead of the other way around,why does Africa have the highest genetic diversity?
@@nunceccemortiferiscultu7826 No, I'd say you're asking of the question is understanding enough that even just such theories are practically banned from widespread publication. We have known Out of Africa is scientifically nonsense for a long time, only now is it's opposition even seeing the light of day again, and is extremely strangulated with every discovery. Literally in this video the North02 guy talks about these "lies" as if they are facts, such as saying things to the effect of "white people only came into existence about 7000 years ago" and things like this, despite the somewhat famous discovery of a 28,000 year old Cro-Magnon IN SOUTHERN ITALY, who was genetically identical to modern Europeans, (an example of research that is simply ignored and suppressed, I can only imagine because no one realises the political reasons or patterns at play, but people are beginning to take notice like yourself I'm sure).
I'm not saying I support the out of Eurasia theory, or any theory on the matter, I'm just saying that the current theory is fictional (there's still the missing link no one seems to mention anymore) and such opposition is obviously banned.
@@jasonborn867 Thor Heyerdahl was denounced by his universities and posthumously removed from his own institution for researching such theories archeologically, let alone biologically, after they became verboten.
This is great content! Excellent graphics and summary of modern human migration into Europe.
Another hit! Tons of great info. Thank you for making these videos 👏 I didn’t know that early Europeans had such a diverse genetic influence. That’s fascinating!
This is a vast subject to cover in one programme, and I truly appreciate the effort you have made in producing this. Chronological graphs, showing te progression of thier development would be of cpnsiderable help to viewers not quite so well-versed in the subject.
Good video. I enjoy your work…keep them coming!
Another awesome video. Your videos are one of the highlights of my week. Keep up the good work. I hope you feel better and your voice returns soon. God bless you and yours.
Hail Europa 🌲🧙🏻♂️🐻🐺
It’s simple: North02 posts, I click and stop what I’m doing immediately
If Cro Magnon doesn't make sense, then neither does Neanderthal.
Thanks for this video! Hello from Georgia, your peaceful and sweet home
ყველა აქედან არის წასული მერე დასავლეთ ევროპის ქვეყნებში,და ამათმა უნდა მიგვიღონ ჩვენ ევროპაში? 😂
ღვინო ამტკიცებს იმას რომ ჩვენ ვართ პირველი ევროპელები ))
Nice video, and i like the mention of sources! It would help me if - when you pronounce the name of these industries, you would show them written down too. Subtitles did not help either :(
First bohunitian? Then proto-Aurignacian? Then Aurignacian-"proper"? Then Gravettian? (Later you do write down some culture names as i see)
Yes, this would be very helpful.
Awesome, was looking forward to watching this :) Thanks North02
Your voice was not bad and in fact relaxing to listen to. I enjoyed the video, learned quite a lot, and look forward to more. By the way, I'm 73, and when I was young and in graduate school working toward my MFA, there was a major exhibition of "Cave Man Art" at the Metropolitan Museum In NYC. Some of the pieces you show were on display. I was amazed by the quality and lifelike depictions. One in particular was the head of a cane, which depicted a deer or elk jumping, which conformed to the shape of the bone handle. I decided then and there that modern humans did not have much, if anything, on those guys.
The out of Africa theory has come under question in light of recent discoveries. Check it out
The same way that recent discoveries have shown Earth is flat, co2 can’t effect global temperature, and earth was created only 6,000 years ago?
Perhaps stop taking every conspiracy and pseudoscientific claim you hear and taking it at face value.
Australia/SouthEast Asia
Good info with good visuals. Thanks for sharing!
Basque ancestors
Your very pleasant voice is soothing, and thank you for not playing annoying background music, just gently taking it all in.
Wish this came with a written version x would love to read and study further details. Amazing - Thank you x
Brilliant video mate! When you cover the other Upper Paleolithic cultures, please don't forget the "Cresswellian culture" based in the heart of England (Cresswell Crags).
Man, it's stuff like this that makes me really wish I had a time machine. I would love to go back and talk to those people.
They would eat you! 😁
Very good quality content! Thank you so much for sharing your knowledge with us! I'll most definitely be looking out for more of your videos.
Great video. Istria, Dalmatia, and northeastern Italy seem to be regions with ancient populations. Would love to learn more about that area in particular.
Its where I live, its true we had a lot of ancient peoples living here
What reasons are there to erase ethnic groups from history? Why do you only have art of Africans as cavemen? Guancha and Berbers had modern European features. Red and blond hair. Not every African is black.
A cave painting cannot display race of someone you fking clown.
You make wonderful videos. I’m looking forward to seeing what you create next.
Don't know why but it makes me kind of sad that we are the last of us left.
considering how effective we are, this was the only good option for us. If we don't outcompete all the humanoids, one species outcompetes us.
You forgot about the X-Men;)
@@ragnari9368 😂
Not me. Can’t wait for us to be extinct
We will eventually begin new speciations just look at how genetically distinct australian aboriginals are from say the Sami.
This was really well done. Great work
People debating the colour of our ancient ancestors skin tones never seem to take the constantly changing temperatures and climates in places where our ancestors were evolving. Africa was not always so hot, with deserts and vast savannahs etc. Just as Antarctica was not always frozen! The climate has a huge impact on melanin present (or lacking) within one’s skin.
Then why do they always portray it in one way, that just so happens to coincide with their politics?.
@@BanDodger pretty sure they either don’t understand that the climate has always changed (and skin tones change after hundreds of years of cold vs hundreds of years of heat - but the different climates actually last thousands of years!!) but it also could be politics yeah :)
I just watched "The Origins Of Homo Sapiens With Professor Chris Stringer" from History Hit, and up to 7;13, your narrative great parallels what Stringer is telling us. And also with that jaw from Romania. These recent findings are very compelling that a new story/explanation of Euro-Asian origins is being made (thank the gods!), different from only 25 years ago, when many stereotypes were still abundant in discussions.
Excellent. Now back to your video after 7;13!
Oh, and please drop the feet and inches and other such measurements in favor of just using SI, please! ;P
Your videos are always incredibly well done and educational and your voice is calming.
This is the most honest accurate illustration o have ever seen !! Thank you.
Thanks for the video especially the explanation on the various migrations and assimilations into Europe. Many people just stop at the yamnaya and think they’re the only descendants of indo-europeans.
Technically it is , but more so the corded ware branch which came to dominate europe and beyond. Yamnaya is mostly responsible for Greece.
Georgia’s majority is in Asia, but the northern most tips of Georgia are commonly seen as Europe.
People often overlook Europe's rich prehistory? The whole history of prehistoric archaeology is dominated by a focus on Europe. Is this guy serious?
I think I mean that people focus on history most of the time as apposed to prehistory.
You are correct though, European prehistory is by far the most well studied compared to other continents.
@@NORTH02wonder why that is??
Thank you for providing references!
The audio would be alot better if you made up your mind on the style of delivery and inflection at the end of a sentence and stuck with it.
Bros content is so good
Out of Africa has been debunked 🙄 Also Cro Magnon had a much larger skull.
Lmao what
I have only a small observation to make: in the map presented between minutes 12:07 and 12:19, Transylvania is mentioned a little further south than it is in reality. It is shown in the Romanian Plain, south of the Southern Carpathians ( Carpatii Meridionali ) and in reality it is north of them.
Was the out of Africa theory seriously challenged or is it still widely accepted
UA-cam commenters often seem to belive that out of Africa is “debunked” but it is by far the most dominant theory in regards to human migration.
@@NORTH02 if it’s a theory why you present it as a fact when making a documentary about a continent. Not to hate your videos are great but how are apes supposed to mutate into what we are now.. Makes no sense.
@@user-uu2ur3mh9mHow does it not make sense? What part are you struggling to understand?
It makes a lot of sense. Although, the correct description is that modern apes and humans have a shared ancestor.
If you don't accept that, I don't know what to do with you.
This is what scientific research tells us. I certainly haven't heard any better theories.
You guys are welcome to come up with a theory with evidence and reasoning, also publish a paper about it.
Nobody is preventing you from doing it, put up or shut up.
There should definately be a videogame about survival and prehistoric warfare, set in a time where the Neanderthals were only just wiped out. So basically, one aurignacian tribe fighting another aurignacian tribe.
Just to be clear, do they have Homo Erectus DNA profiles? Is so, do those profiles show a clear connection to modern human profiles? I've always assumed that they had the profiles and that the profiles showed the connection. However, when I think about the tests showing different levels of Neanderthal in different people, I wondered whether there is some other species that is in the ancestry and isn't Homo Erectus according to DNA.
I'm not sure about the answer to your question, but I believe it is quietly accepted that modern Europeans do not "descend" from Neanderthals at all, but are literally Cro-Magnons who interbred in small amounts with Neanderthals, I am not sure of the common ancestor between Neanderthals and Cro-Magnon.
@@Alfred5555 That's a pretty tight distinction to make. Even if modern European-descended people have only a small percentage of Neanderthal DNA that resulted from a small part of the Neanderthal population being integrated into the Cro-Magnon population, I would say that these people are at least partially "descended" from Neanderthal. Even if the entire European-descended population doesn't have a measurable amount of Neanderthal DNA, I'd say that the population as a whole is partially descended from that group.
I hope that someone will be able to answer whether all of Neanderthal and Cro-Magnon lines came from Homo Erectus or whether some other species might have played a part. Again, I've just always assumed that all of us came from one or maybe a few lines of Home Erectus. The idea of having another contributor would be interesting. I honestly don't know whether they've been able to collect enough Home Erectus DNA to construct the entire genome. If we have something that isn't part of the Homo Erectus genome, that would be very interesting.
thank you yet again for a banger as always, mh you feed us well
Europeans look different anyway unlike others also u can find high cheek bones in Northern Europes and even Western Europeans tanned olive and swarthy skin is found in Southern Europeans
I continue to see depictions of early Europeans as having a modern day African appearance.The problem with this is that modern day africans too have evolved since homo sapiens left the African continent.There is the archaic admixture that varies by races as well.Subsaharan populations have significant "ghost population" admixture that is largely or entirely not present in Indo Europeans/orientalids.Likewise we have archaic admixture largely not present in sub saharan Africans.The portrayal of early Europeans (pick a population)as sharing the phenotypes of modern Africans seems a lazy portrayal and/or politically motivated.
Great comment.
Makes more sense to have it closer to the original model. Pining for a 23 version seems a bit sensitive and egocentric
A recent study indicates the sons resulting from interbreeding between humans and neanderthals were likely to be sterile.
Can you give a source ? I postulated that possibly a child of EM man and neanderthal mother could be sterile , contributing to extinction whereas if child of EM mother and neanderthal man could explain how genes show up in modern man
Great work, as always.
Humans were born here in the first place in INDIA There are all kinds of human race in India
Fantastic job good illustrations. North 02 you got it goin on!
I'm dark Irish (my partner said I could help out with getting the black vote!) but I do think it's been much exaggerated the preponderance of dark skin in late Pleistocene European humans to make a political point, just because you have a gene doesn't mean it's switched on nor do we have a huge amount of evidence for early Northern European. Vitamin D is an absolute necessity for a healthy life and if our ancestors like mine were in the far north where the sun rarely shines then they will be at a serious disadvantage. You've got to wonder why so many people even in northern Africa have light skin.
A good example of this political bias is that Neanderthals are always shown with light skin, whilst similar homo sapiens of a similar time are now shown as having dark skin.
To note, I'm a Labour party member and my partner is mixed race. But objectivity over politics, all the time
Vitamin D can be obtain through diet without much sunlight hence Tasmanian Aboriginals.
"A good example of this political bias is that Neanderthals are always shown with light skin, whilst similar homo sapiens of a similar time are now shown as having dark skin."
Neanderthals have lived in Europe for half a million years. Homo Sapiens Sapiens were recent migrators from Africa arriving in Europe 40,000 years ago.
"You've got to wonder why so many people even in northern Africa have light skin"
Same reason there is light skin in South Africa and Australia = recent migration
I just came when i saw theres a new vid ;) how could I miss it!
It can appear that early Europeans are portrayed as brown or black, Not through empirical evidence, but through an ideological push.
As with the British “Cheddar Man” whose DNA was sequenced and proclaimed by the British Natural History Museum,
as black skinned, Even though the laboratory that carried out the DNA sequencing refuted that there was any evidence of Cheddar Man’s skin tone, either black or white,
however in today’s “Diversity and politically correct “ driven academic world, he was reconstructed with black skin in spite of the lack of evidence ?
They were dark skinned. Calm down bubba does not mean we are Sib Saharan Afircans or even related as they had yet to even exist when Cheddar Man came over. Stop being a fking baby. He was dark skinned and blue eyed. Not African. Skin tones literally means nothing. We can tell what his tone was via SNPs and gene markers. He was dark, bot African. He had a very common European male Haplogroup and female. His MtDNA is U5b1. I am also U5b1. Most Common in North Europeans and Pre Yamnaya European populations
WHG were dark skinned and blue eyed. EHG were light skinned and dark haired.
most likely everyone was black at one point, we all came out of east africa
@@boogers69420 Dont conflate human Origins in Africa with being African. Neanderthals (which everyone but sub saharans Africans have Small DNA of, mostly Europeans and East Asians) and Homo Sapiens left Africa and evolved LONGGGGG before Sub Saharan or North African were even Ethnic groups, languages, and culture. Nothing that could be identified as black African or North African existed. Our ancestors evolved and developed separately. The main ancestral component of all Europeans from North to South is the Yamnaya aka the Indo Europeans, they originated in West Asia, the Pontic Caspian Steppe. We aren't West Asian though. Haplogroups prove so. Again, African did not exist as what it does today when our ancestors spread out. Hominids left Africa 60-90,000 years ago. Not a single ethnic group, modern culture nor language existed. The African Genome would not develop for THOUSANDS more years. Same with everyone. Lmfao. That's the part people tend to leave out or exaggerate.. "Human Origins are in Africa, we must all be African" that's not how it works. Genetics determine that. Not Land. I'm sure as sht not Native American or even American ethnically at all. The earliest humans were black, dark skinned. Not African. Nor are we.
@@HailWoden18 can you shorten that down to a sentence, cause i’m not reading all of that
I just saw your community post from yesterday about 20 minutes ago, what a superb timing!
Your voice was fine! Thank you for another interesting video! 😁
Today Dr John Campbell, in his presentation on 'genetics and covid deaths', documents how Neanderthal genetics clearly has had an effect on the likelihood of death from covid. He also presents the information that Neanderthal genes are basically unknown in Africa. At 2:56, you say that Neanderthals contribute to almost all human populations. Was that just a slip where you left out Africa or, perhaps you know something about genetics that others don't know? I would love to find out.
Well that's obviously a measurement problem. Subsaharan africa basically keeps no data on anything. Vs say european where every death "with covid" was labeled as "of covid". Massive difference. Also the fact of the testing scam where they'd ramp up the test cycle to get whatever result they wanted. Not to mention the economic and political pressure aspect of covid along with the doomsday end times cult aspect of covid. Along with trillions of dollars to be made.
NO EXCESS DEATHS PERIOD.
If covid was never mentioned on the T.V. 2020 would've no different than any other year.
I think only that one specific gene. I noticed his chart of the Neanderthal gene is different from other charts showing many Neanderthal genes.
I sincerely think that paper to which he refers is only speaking of one Neanderthal gene. A specific one.
Another excellent video ❤️
why do people always lose their minds when the skin color of early Europeans is discussed? Surely it cannot be that serious can it? Xyz reasons why they weren't dark skinned but the science says otherwise. Please grow up.
First science just say, that they lacked genes that nowadays are typically associated with light skin. Secondly, dark skin at this latitude means likely vitamin D deficiency. Thirdly, BBC used Blacks for playing those people (the closest contemporary ethnic group are... Balts) which was considered as at best a critical research failure on their part or more likely some bizarre attempt to re-write history to fit contemporary fads.
Theyre usually insecure 4chan neckbeards who believe white people came from hyperborea or atlantis
I am so in love with your channel dude
Hittites Taur = Nordic Thor
Origins 🇹🇷
My favorite youtube channel !!! Keep Going !!!!!
Great video loved it love all the ancient video dipcations 👍
I've been waiting for this one. I've had so many arguments about how Europe was colonized and how it's people changed from there African and Asian ancestors.
It's sad that people still can't accept that we evolved over millions of years from an a single cell organism to monkey like mammals to modern day humans.
I think that's a more amazing story than any religion could possibly give us.
They call it the Out of Africa theory for a reason! It's not proven fact! And as science advances we keep learning new things! New discoveries all over the place new hominids discovered all over the place! Who knows what they're going to discover next. They also hide a lot of s*** to from us! Just keep an open mind that's it! I have a feeling our history is more complex than anybody can even imagine!
@@wildschwein9066 no modern humans 100% came from Africa and there's no questioning that.
We interbreed with Neanderthals and denisovens making us slightly different then our African ancestors and giving us a biological advantage in our environment. More robust bones faster healing skin, better ability to absorb vitamin d thru our diets and sunlight ect.
Even Neanderthals originated from Africa and Asia just an FYI.
Some of the best bs I've ever heard is people claiming white people are descendants of some red skinned people and black people have never changed and that native Americans were delivered by some spirit crow or evolved there completely separate from the other side of the world.
I'm not against creationism theory's but it's obvious how it all started. Even in this video he talks about how we came from Africa.
@@buildurtruckurway9118 lol yes I've heard many of these theories and many that are worse. Some Afrocentric said that white people came from albinos or that we're just Neanderthal mixed cave people ,lol it's disgusting how brainless some people are!
@@vikingirishman1 I completely agree.
I feel that every day we learn more that helps develop this theory into a far broader spectrum and even help with a few others. There's an out of Asia theory aswell that has quite a bit of solid proof but not enough to solidify it. our current accepted theory is the out of Africa theory and it's because it's the only one we have solid facts for so I follow the current facts.
I believe it's possible for human like species to have developed all over the planet but modern humans 100% are African descendants and white people and Asians and natives ect are a result of interbreeding with other homo species, cultural and environmental changes our diets ect.
I really hope something huge gets discovered and it turns every theory on its head so we can finally learn even More as most of this type of science has been slowed or halted completely in some Fields because the funding just doesn't exist anymore.
Hell, maybe it would be one of the factors that help hault racism in the world.
I have allways told my kids, that we are all monkeys/ apes from Afrika.
That has given them less urge to judge people on their skincolor.
I thought this was going to talk about the *first* Europeans, like Boxgrove Man. Not just a quick mention, but like the first time areas were settled and what those people were.
@@wildschwein9066 , The first members of genus Homo in Europe go back over a million years. According to the evidence, when new groups came there was a very good chance for "friendliness" to happen and genes to be shared. So how far back do European genes go back? How many H. heidelbergensis genes still exist in us? Nobody knows for sure, but probably a lot. Was Boxgrove Man somewhere in your family tree? Quite possibly. The record is incomplete.
@@wildschwein9066 , I don't know your genealogy but according to two different companies I am a typical Eastern European mutt except for being quite a bit above average (about 3%) Neanderthal. That is like my Great Great Great Grandfather was Neanderthal. Given averages, if you are European your Neanderthal percentage is equivalent to your Great Great Great Great Grandfather being Neanderthal. That 3% is also just about how much Romani (Gypsy) or Bulgarian I am, given the family geneology.
I already knew that I am part Romani and part Bulgarian because we know their names from family history research. Those ancestors are both real people to me. I don't know the name of my Neanderthal Great Great Great Grandfather, but he was real and his family lived in Europe for about 400,000 years. Likewise, his ancestors were 100% Homo heidelbergensis and they lived in Europe since about 2/3 of a million years ago. That means I am 3% descended from H. heidelbergensis people who have lived in Europe for 2/3 of a million years.
That's not even trying to track down when the ancestors of H. heidelbergensis immigrated to Europe.
As I see it, if your ancestors moved to Europe 100,000 years ago then they are recent arrivals because mine have been there about ten times as long.
2:57 you say "these first Europeans" but you show Africans. 7:38 The African skull is DOUBLE the thickness of the Caucasian skull, African arms are 3 inches longer and their bone density is 17% higher. There is no way these changes happened over 70 thousand years so Caucasians evolved from Erectus, Denisovans and Neanderthals.
Where is the evidence this cannot happen over 70,000 years?
You lack the knowledge and authority to speak on this subject.
@@freezafeesh9251 Everything I said is factual, that's why you can only reply criticizing me personally.
Europeans are descended from Africans.
@@dreamdiction alright, provide a source.
Europe must have been so beautiful back then
Lost all credibility at out of Africa
ah yes 50-c the leading expert on homonid evolution thanks so much for your opinion
Yeah, thats a bs theory. And it is a theory because it can not be proven. Asia, Europe, and Africa all had people that evolved. All of us did not come from Africa.
Great video as usual. Isn't it mad to think what true human potential is. How strong, fast and healthy we can be if we really wanted to be
We are stronger, faster, and healthier today than we have ever been in history, everyone just used to starve and die from infections even just 300 years ago, today we are bigger and stronger than ever before thanks to modern civilisation. The global average height is 5'5, Europeans considering 5'9 to be average or even short makes them the gigantic freaks of the modern world, particular modern central Europeans and the Dutch. Even in roman times, Germanic warriors were noted as being basically giants, casually considered to 1 foot taller than Romans, so it's something in our DNA that is only fully brought out by comfortable modern society.
@@Alfred5555 Ok yes. We are definitely healthier as in we live longer. But no way are we healthier, fitter, faster or stronger than ancient people. They used to chase down their prey on foot. The people back then were thought to run at least 37kmph or 23mph in their bare feet in the wilderness. The only thing close to that is probably current Africans. Very few people nowadays would last 10 minutes in the Wild. I am a European and was raised a Hunter and a Fisherman. But not everyone was that lucky. Most would die in minutes either to cold, disease or inability to hunt their own food. So we may definitely be the most powerful and smartest in history. But the first Men would rip us to pieces
@@deaganachomarunacathasaigh4344 But all that is really just a matter of exercise, I agree that we are very "lazy" and don't live up to our physical potential, but we simply don't need to and it would utterly deleterious if we even tried to. We have found that the brain is our most powerful muscle, so we have simultaneously achieved every physical desire more successfully than ever before, with ever diminishing amounts of physical effort required.
I'm sure fundamentally we agree on the nature of modern man and it's failings, however modern civilisation is in fact magnificent and incredible and has very little wrong with it except small outside influences. Although if we are to make a case for bolstering our defences and improving on the skills that we lack, it's not enough for those of us who are blessed with the insight to simply know it is so to say that it is so, we must make a proper case as to why modern society needs reinforcing and the correct levels to which it is needed.
Enjoying the notion of the "civilised barbarian" or the "noble savage" and explaining how some people in Africa can run for 30 miles at 20mph to catch a deer, when we can put a pre-made chicken in a microwave, or that some primitive hunters can hold their breath for 5 minutes under water while spear fishing, when we can order a delivery of fish and chips from our phone to our house, only makes any focus on the "physical" aspect of humanity seem very stupid.
(One fun thought that you should have though is that, if any of those still physically prestigious hunter gather peoples from Africa were placed in Europe and expected to survive as such, they would likely perish just as quickly if not faster than the average modern European if he was thrust back into his "natural home" too. We are not become unnatural or weak, we farmers cum industrialists are it would seem, super-natural and very strong, our metropolis' are a hunter gathers village of huts.)
@@Alfred5555 northern Europeans are taller because we have more Indo European DNA (corded ware)
@@blanketparty5259 And due to out diet. More meat and dairy in our diets. The Cold North or the Wadden Sea and low lyinh plains of North Germany and the Netherlands were not ideal for Farming. Especially further up North where Permafrost ruins the ground for agriculture.
we waz kangs and shit
What?
2013 wants it meme back
Awesome. Your channel is the
Best thanks
THEY DIDN'T COME FROM AFRICA!
Didn’t everyone?
@@Kenny49ERS NO!
@@diaquitaquita8984 says who? You better have an intelligent answer.
@@Kenny49ERS SAY SCIENCE YOUR ARE NOT BLACK!
Why, because they are white? Our species came from Africa weather you like it or not, we are a pioneer species who spread all over the globe, evolving and adapting to the new environments they inhabited creating the races you see today, we all speak language and live in extremely big social groups, which is unique to our species only.
That was a well done video. I liked it.
But I believe Europeans was already in Europe from the start.....🤍💪🏻😎👍🏻🤍.... Now don't get me wrong I'm sure some people's ancestors are from Africa but i believe that the white complxon people are not from Africa not at all Also made my European Ancestors a little to dark huh but i also believe the professionals are not really telling the truth on some things
Thank you so so much
I note with some ire that when discussing the darker skin of the early Europeans, that you showed a picture of a person of sub Saharan African decent. This is a gross misrepresentation of what the skin color would have looked like, as well as the facial structures. The more correct representation would have been a Native American, or a more closely, people from India. I cannot fathom the desire to make ancient Europeans look like Sub Saharan Africans. This is certainly not supported by the archeological evidence or the genetic evidence. Lets try sticking to the actual science, and stop the desire for inclusion.
Sad little racist snowflake
That's your contribution ? Amazing. Instead of defending your point of view as he did you just insult him. 😂@@Appocratesthegreat
@@JerboGod I don't defend anything from scum racist ignoramus'
@Appocratesthegreat Shutup puff
Have you ever heard of the mitochondrial Eve Gene 🧬?🤔
Great vids 👍