Відео

Дзякуй Богу што хаця б у беларускай транспланталёгіі няма такіх габелітаваных ды абламейкаў🤦‍♀🤦‍♀Спадар Латышонак калі у беларусаў шмат ад Фінавуграў то чаму ж косны мозг патрэбен з Нямеччыны або з Польшчы⁉ Таму і маркавалі раней па крыві)) бо гэта дужа прамы шлях))не заблытаешся❗Вы другім разам запрашайце адразу у студыю трансплантолага‼каб паставіць усе кропкі над "і" а не "нести пургу"‼

Что вы лепит белорусы это и есть русские. Арии. Р1а1 около 60 проц

Почему не на русском языке

Хто з "русссссскага міру" - яго ўражае нармалёвае беларускае слова жыд. А нам беларусам - усякія кацапскія "яўрэі" - агідныя! Там у вас у ардзе "гаўбрэі" - а ў нас славянаў жыды - нашы браты ды суседы!

Вялiквя Падзяка! 🎉

.. Каб жа ж хаця б большасць расейцаў так адносілiся да суседзяў, да гiсторыi...

Дзякую за пазнавальную гутарку!

Перадача была цікавая.. 👍 Дзякуй вялiкi! Надхнення Вам!.

,, гэта ТАК " А не ,,да".

Sever Europy - finy. Ugry toljko hanjsi, manjsi i vengry.

Gediminas ne byl finom, mutacija N1c L551 slučilasj uže u nositelia indoevropejskogo jazyka.

Литвинского языка нет , значит нету такого народа. Точка. И не было.

Король ВКЛ жимойтский литовский и русский. Теперь жимойты литовцы'литвины беларуссы 'украинцы русский.

Як прыемна слухать адукаваных особ на нашай цудоунай мове...

Беларусы те же балты по крови, принявшие в своё время славянскую культуру и язык. Однако балтские элементы частично сохранились в культуре и традициях.

Вялікі дзякуй !

Как-то прочитала научную статью, так там сдавяне - это люди овладевшие словом.

Зрабіла я той аналіз ДНК. 64% Baltics. Сама з Менску, але бацькі з Віцебскай вобласці і Магілёйскай. Вось вам і карані.) 1% фінаў і 1% габрэяў))). Трошкі расейскіх адсоткаў, але я зараз хварэю псіхалагічна і ўсё расейскае нават у сябе не прымаю. Ну і зразумела Эўропа.

Абламейка, Латышонак, Унучак і Краўцэвіч - тыя гісторыкі, якіх я слухаю. Ну і яшчэ Акудовіч, Мелказёраў і Ваданосава з Калачом - папулярызатары гісторыі Беларусі, якіх цікава паслухаць.

Дзякуй , вялікі за вашу працу !

Лажа

А Дунай назва іранська )). Субстратом в Україні перед індоєвропецями було населення культури Трипілля-Кукутені. Вони прийшли з передньої Азії і Балкан. Пізніше регулярно на території України населення з лісостепу витіснялося або поширювалося на північ. В Україні були присутні фракійські археологічні елементи і кельтські, це населення теж витіснялося на північ під час активності степових етносів. До 6 ст. н. е. дуже важко говорити про мову населення лісової зони України і Білорусі.

А чому вершина Татр у Словаччині называється Кривань? )) Генетичне походження не тотожне мовному походженню. Господарчо-культурний тип, який показує археологія, має розвиток відмінний від генетики і мови. Мова передається іншими шляхами. Як може бути балтський субстрат, якщо слов'янські і балтскі мови мали спільного предка і могли розділитися тільки у 5 ст. Н. Е? Гіпотеза балто-слов' янської мовної єдності вже застаріла?

Надо искать документы, оформлять работы и защмщаться. Не надо договариваться

фіны насамрэч жылі на поўначы Беларусі, але гэта было вельмі даўно і іх было мала. карацей, як заўсёды, ні аб чым

Як вас цикава слухаць. Ой. ..ой...

И тады.

Белорусскую нацию создал генерал-губернатор Муравьёв Виленский. Иначе пропали бы в полонизации.

Kolxoznyje kartofelniki s agresorami psami moskalej pagavirim po drugomu

Эта еврейка должна каждый день молиться за русский народ.

А чым гэтая дзяржава НАЦЫЯНАЛЬНАЯ??? А валюта? - ну добра, хай будзе - на беларус(с)кіх рублях напісана толькі па-беларуску. Хаця ж гэта таксама кепскі доказ... Але чым узброеныя сілы лукавага НАЦЫЯНАЛЬНЫЯ??? Якой нацыянальнасьці яны? Савецкай ад Брэста (горад у Пранцыі) да ЎладзівастокА?!!! А ўж "праваахоўныя" (хіба правазьдзекальныя!) арганы!!! (sic!) Той кгб, губазйк, а нават рэжымныя міліцыя???... Яны трасца якім бокам НАЦЫЯНАЛЬНЫЯ??????????????????? Тым што затрымліваюць за ўжываньне беларускае мовы? Ці тым што яны прамыя нашчадкі бальшавіцкіх: нквд, кгб, смершаў ды мйлйцыяў??? Але адукацыя! - яна ўж нацыянальная. Расейска-савецкай "нацыянальнасьці"! Дзівачная ў вас товорышу Лобачу выява пра "нацыянальнае"... 😮😢😰

.. Дзякую за пазнавальную гутарку. Было цікава. Бывайце здаровыя! 😊

В 20 году очень было заметно на улицах Минска и других городов и деревень

После войны в г Поставы в милиции работали только россияне, народ их тихо ненавидел. Пыло выступление, перевернули мотоцикл милицейский и наговорили на долгую тюрьму, народ опять замолчал

С 50 года жила в г Поставы, на моих глазах уничтожался беларуский язык, про польский и шоворить не приходится, а были люди, которых переселили из Белостока, польского не слышно было нигде а костел закрыли. По всему району жили поляки без права говорить на своем языке

С 1504 по 1514, весь восток Беларуси был пустой, некому было платить налоги

А я все думаю почему белоруси с русскими целуются. Родичи !

Абсолютно адекватный историк. Плачьте ,змагары ,от правды.

In the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (GDL), there were no universities in the modern sense until the late 16th century. However, education developed through church schools, Jesuit colleges, and the University of Vilnius, which became the main educational center in the region. 1. University of Vilnius (Alma Academia et Universitas Vilnensis Societatis Jesu) Founded: 1579 Location: Vilnius (then the capital of the GDL, now the capital of Lithuania) Founding Initiative: The university was founded by the Jesuits with the support of King Stephen Báthory and Pope Gregory XIII. Its establishment was part of a broader campaign to strengthen Catholicism in response to the Reformation. Status and Structure: The University of Vilnius became the first official university in the GDL, receiving papal and royal recognition similar to European universities. Initially organized as a college, it later attained the status of a university. Students Students from various social strata studied at the University of Vilnius, primarily nobles, as well as members of the gentry and clergy. After their studies, students often went on to serve in the GDL, Poland, or other European countries. Social Composition: Sons of nobility, gentry, and high-ranking clergy. More rarely, students came from peasant and townsperson backgrounds and were able to study with the support of sponsors. Ethnocultural Composition: Students represented various groups within the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, such as the Litvins (ancestors of Belarusians), Lithuanians, as well as Ruthenians (ancestors of Ukrainians) and Poles. Additionally, students came from neighboring regions, including Muscovy and Germany. Teachers Teachers at the University of Vilnius were mainly Jesuits invited from other European universities. Many of them held advanced degrees obtained at Western European universities (Paris, Bologna, Padua). Notable Professors: Piotr Skarga - a prominent Polish theologian and writer, who was the university’s first rector. Maciej Kazimierz Sarbiewski - poet and philosopher. Marcin Smiglecki - a noted Jesuit theologian and philosopher. Józef Naronowicz-Naronski - mathematician and astronomer. The curriculum covered a wide range of subjects, including theology, philosophy, mathematics, astronomy, medicine, and law. Additionally, considerable attention was given to Latin language and literature, rhetoric, and poetics. 2. Other Educational Institutions in the GDL Apart from the University of Vilnius, other educational institutions in the GDL included Jesuit colleges and Orthodox fraternity schools. Jesuit Colleges: These institutions operated in Grodno, Polotsk, Minsk, and other cities, providing education primarily for Catholic students. Teachers were often from abroad, and the curriculum included classical humanities and preparation for the clergy. Orthodox Fraternity Schools: These were managed by Orthodox fraternities in cities like Vilna and Mogilev, providing education for Orthodox students. Instruction was in Greek, Church Slavonic, and Latin, and the curriculum included theology, grammar, rhetoric, as well as mathematics and natural sciences. 3. Study Abroad Before and after the establishment of the University of Vilnius, many young people from the GDL pursued studies at leading European universities: University of Krakow: A popular institution among GDL students, where they could study law, philosophy, medicine, and other disciplines. Universities of Bologna, Padua, and Prague: Students from the GDL frequently went to Italy and the Czech Republic to study law, medicine, and theology. These universities were renowned for their high standards and prestige in Europe. Significance of Education in the GDL Education in the GDL played a significant role in forming a cultural and intellectual elite, especially among the nobility and clergy. Many graduates of the University of Vilnius and other educational institutions later held prominent positions in the GDL administration, participated in political life, and contributed to the development of culture, art, and science.

Lithuanians, Litvins, and Samogitians are terms used to designate different population groups of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (GDL), each with its own historical meaning. 1. Lithuanians Modern Meaning: Today, Lithuanians refer to the people living in Lithuania, speaking the Lithuanian language, and belonging to the Baltic ethnic group. Historical Meaning: In medieval and early modern Lithuania, the term “Lithuanians” was also used for the Baltic population residing in the core territories of Lithuania, specifically in lands inhabited by Baltic tribes (Aukštaitians and Samogitians). Lithuanians were part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, but unlike the Slavic population, they retained their language and customs. The primary regions where Lithuanians lived included the areas of present-day Lithuania and parts of northwestern Belarus. 2. Litvins Historical Meaning: Litvins were residents of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, regardless of their ethnic origin. This term was used to denote the shared political and cultural identity of the people living within the duchy. Litvins included both the Slavic population (Ruthenians) and the Baltic population (Lithuanians and Samogitians). The primary language for administration and interethnic communication among the Litvins was Old Belarusian, which was spoken and used by the majority of the duchy’s population, especially in the eastern regions. Distinction from Lithuanians: While Litvins could include ethnic Lithuanians, the term more often referred to the East Slavic population of the GDL, primarily the ancestors of modern Belarusians. The Litvins saw themselves as part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, but their language and culture differed from those of the ethnic Lithuanians. 3. Samogitians (Žemaitians) Samogitia (Žemaitija): This is a region in western present-day Lithuania inhabited by Samogitians (Žemaitians). Historically, Samogitia had its unique identity and a degree of autonomy within the GDL. Samogitians spoke the Samogitian (Samogitian) dialect, which differs significantly from the Aukštaitian dialect of the Lithuanian language. Samogitians are part of the Baltic people, but their language and culture are noticeably distinct from the rest of Lithuania. Autonomy: Samogitians often maintained a separate political and cultural identity within the GDL and even participated in wars with the Teutonic Order as a relatively independent military force. Samogitia received certain privileges and autonomy within the GDL, setting it apart from other duchy lands. Interconnections and Distinctions Thus, Lithuanians and Samogitians are Baltic peoples who preserved their ethnic and cultural identity within the GDL, while Litvins is a general term for the inhabitants of the duchy, encompassing both Balts and Slavs. Culturally and linguistically, the Litvins were closer to the East Slavs, who spoke Old Belarusian, used in the GDL for official communication and legal documents. Summary: Lithuanians: Baltic population of the GDL, primarily Aukštaitians, living in central and eastern parts of modern Lithuania. Litvins: Residents of the GDL united by a common political identity; most commonly refers to the East Slavic population of the duchy, ancestors of modern Belarusians. Samogitians (Žemaitians): A Baltic ethnic group in western Lithuania with their own autonomy and distinct dialect (Samogitian). These terms highlight the complex ethnic and cultural structure of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, where Balts and Eastern Slavs coexisted and interacted.

Почему жмудейцев не было в трибунале ВКЛ а потом в 1588 сразу 3 а у других 1 и 2

На бытовом уровне все друг к другу относятся хорошо, с кем только не приходилось дружить и нет чувства что человек другой или плохой. Где та черта, где дружба заканчивается?

Ко всем относились хорошо, литовцы свои люди. Только все соседи почему то высокомерны, думают что они лучше. Все беларусы и не литвины признают что княжество создали литвины, руские и жмудб присоединились

Не знаю как литвинами , гудами точно, а это Виленский Край

Жмудь пригласили участвовоть в трибунале в 1588 году, 3 человека