Turquoise in America
Turquoise in America
  • 132
  • 282 167
First American Turquoise Rush Part 2
In Part Two Mike continues the story of the early turquoise miners and honors the contributions of First Nation people to the history of turquoise. #turquoise #indianjewellery #indianhistory
Переглядів: 176

Відео

First American Turquoise Rush Part One
Переглядів 43214 днів тому
The story of the Great American Turquoise Rush is told in Turquoise in America Part One 1890-1910. It would not have been possible without the efforts of the prehistoric turquoise miners, the Ancestral Puebloan. In this video Mike explores the contributions of these early miners. #turquoise #indianjewelry #turquoisehistory
Collections and Provenance
Переглядів 44721 день тому
Provenance and grade are the main determinants of price. One way to determine provenance is to buy from established collections. In this video Mike describes how to better establish provenance and shows some examples of high grade purchased from well known collections. #turquoise #turquoise #naturalturquoise #turquoisecollecting
Gem Grade Part 2
Переглядів 460Місяць тому
Grading turquoise is difficult. In this video Mike talks about the highest gem grade which comprises perhaps as little as 0.1% of all turquoise mined and we see some beautiful examples. #turquoise #turquoisejewelry #turquoisecabochons #gemstone
Best of the Callais Collection
Переглядів 3412 місяці тому
In this video Mike describes some of the best selections from his personal turquoise collection, the Callais Collection. #turquoise
Turquoise Grade
Переглядів 5002 місяці тому
In this video Mike looks at different grade from the same mine, Thunder Mountain. #turquoise #thundermountain #indianjewelry
Joshua Bingham Interview
Переглядів 8152 місяці тому
Joshua is a master jeweler known for using fine turquoise. In this interview he explains his process and we see some of the turquoise he uses. #turquoise #turquoisejewelry #southwesternstyle
CG Wallace and Turquoise
Переглядів 3702 місяці тому
C.G. Wallace has an important role in the history of Indian traders. He also played an important role in the history of turquoise. In this video Mike reviews his contributions. #turquoise #indiantraders #indianjewelry
Bisbee Part 3
Переглядів 7023 місяці тому
Bisbee is an iconic turquoise. In this video Mike shows some photos from the 1970's. #turquoise #Bisbee #bisbeeturquoise #indianjewelry
Thunder Mountain & Grasshopper
Переглядів 4944 місяці тому
In this video Mike discusses two lesser known turquoise mines in Nevada Grasshopper and Thunder Mountain and we see some high grade turquoise. #turquoise #grasshopper #thundermountsin #indianjewelry
Hidden Valley
Переглядів 4744 місяці тому
Hidden Valley has a mysterious past. In this video Mike discusses the history and we see some rare and beautiful turquoise. #turquoise #hiddenvalley #indianjewelry
Villa Grove
Переглядів 4735 місяців тому
Villa Grove has a long and storied history. It is currently under water. Join Mike as he discusses Villa Grove and shows some beautiful turquoise. #turquoise #villagrove
Turquoise and Grade Identification
Переглядів 6835 місяців тому
Identifying turquoise is difficult, often no more than a guessing game. In this video Mike discusses a new study that demonstrates a way to identify turquoise through testing for a trace element signature. #turquoise #turquoiseidentification
Papoose Turquoise
Переглядів 4486 місяців тому
Papoose is a little known turquoise. In this video Mike tells a bit about the history and we see a stunning gem grade cab. #turquoise #papoose #papooseturquoise #indianjewelry
eBooks Publication Announcement
Переглядів 1396 місяців тому
Turquoise in America is the first comprehensive history of turquoise covering one hundred thirty years is three volumes. These books have been unavailable to international turquoise lovers due to the expense and logistics of international shipping from the US. With the publication of digital editions of Parts One, Two and Three the books are available all over the world. #turquoise #ebooks
Cripple Creek Turquoise
Переглядів 8116 місяців тому
Cripple Creek Turquoise
Lone Mountain Part 2
Переглядів 6877 місяців тому
Lone Mountain Part 2
Native Treasures 2023 Part 2
Переглядів 1,4 тис.8 місяців тому
Native Treasures 2023 Part 2
Native Treasures 2023 Part 1
Переглядів 7748 місяців тому
Native Treasures 2023 Part 1
Chinese Update Pt 3
Переглядів 5378 місяців тому
Chinese Update Pt 3
Chinese Update Pt 2
Переглядів 5288 місяців тому
Chinese Update Pt 2
Chinese Turquoise Update, Part 1
Переглядів 7449 місяців тому
Chinese Turquoise Update, Part 1
Interview with Danny Lopacki Part 2
Переглядів 8969 місяців тому
Interview with Danny Lopacki Part 2
Interview with Danny Lopacki Part 1
Переглядів 1,1 тис.9 місяців тому
Interview with Danny Lopacki Part 1
Green Turquoise Part 2
Переглядів 1,4 тис.10 місяців тому
Green Turquoise Part 2
Indian Mountain Part II
Переглядів 54111 місяців тому
Indian Mountain Part II
Red Mountain Part 2
Переглядів 60411 місяців тому
Red Mountain Part 2
Pilot Mountain Part II
Переглядів 51211 місяців тому
Pilot Mountain Part II
Turquoise in Bolo Ties
Переглядів 1,6 тис.Рік тому
Turquoise in Bolo Ties
Turquoise in Navajo and Pueblo Jewelry
Переглядів 2,1 тис.Рік тому
Turquoise in Navajo and Pueblo Jewelry

КОМЕНТАРІ

  • @philipbaity7083
    @philipbaity7083 2 дні тому

    Was there any mining of turquoise by the Pueblo dwellers after 1692?

  • @Hannah_Rachel_and_Kotik
    @Hannah_Rachel_and_Kotik 2 дні тому

    Do you have a video showing off your turquoise collection?

  • @spirituselectus7602
    @spirituselectus7602 3 дні тому

    Glad I found you. Subscribed

  • @parvizirany
    @parvizirany 4 дні тому

    🎉🎉🎉

  • @tattoofthesun
    @tattoofthesun 6 днів тому

    I do prefer the scientific scale used on Instagram: A+ = Killer, Wow, Price? Amazing, (various emojis 3+ minimum or 10+ fire emojis) That’s pretty much standard mineralogical terminology - hope this helps 😁😁🧐

  • @alneo4005
    @alneo4005 10 днів тому

    Hello Sir, Who & Where do you see Godber B. Red and Dark Web? Are they rare and gem grade & Why?

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 10 днів тому

      Godber gem grade is exceptionally rare including dark web which is why it is not often available in the market. The best source for any turquoise is the miner.

    • @alneo4005
      @alneo4005 10 днів тому

      @@turquoiseinamerica3164 Thank you Sir.

  • @rickbattle5706
    @rickbattle5706 10 днів тому

    Very interesting. Another great video. Thanks. 🙂

  • @user-cw2ln5ft2c
    @user-cw2ln5ft2c 13 днів тому

    It's nice to see your attempts to disclose the somewhat history of Turquoise , however, you are a little naive about the facts. Dowell Ward borrowed funds from Phil Woodard for a Cat to strip the turquoise and he paid the loan back via the turquoise sold at IJS in Gallup. After his death the note reappeared and some dispicables from Gallup and Zuni tricked FAYE with the note and stole a truck and trailer of her Stabilized #8 and hid it in Gallup, later selling it to some Arizonians for big money as Natural ! this fiasco turned into a Huge Money Fraud Law Suit wherein , those sellers Lost and are still trying to recover from their Fraud ! Truth is 95% of #8 is Stabilized as is 95% of Sleeping Beauty Turquoise , especially the Current "My grandfather stored SB in his building for 50 years and I've found it just recently in Mexico just across the border from Tucson ", . There's way more Mexican Sleeping Beauty than anyone knows .That's just the Facts believe it or not . Best thing a buyer can do is deal with those who have proven Integrity . If you live long enough , you may know as much as i learned in 54 years for mining , cutting, selling and manufacturing jewelry with many Native American Artists ,using Natural turquoise 99% of the time ! Keep up the wonderful promotion of the Native American Culture !

  • @ericbabcock846
    @ericbabcock846 17 днів тому

    Could you consider a episode on the natural nugget beads before shaping heishi or before spanish silver as you just said some on it

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 15 днів тому

      I am not an expert on Native American jewelry so not really qualified to present that topic.

  • @ericbabcock846
    @ericbabcock846 17 днів тому

    Lousy sound cant hear you. But great book so much info is trapped on paper conquistadores take any back to spain?

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 15 днів тому

      Cortez received turquoise because the Aztec valued it above gold. Much ended up in museums in England and Scotland.

  • @jaywalker8309
    @jaywalker8309 17 днів тому

    YOU ARE GUESSING TIME FRAMES OF NATIVE AMERICANS HISTORY BOOKS LIE ABOUT NATIVE AMERICAN TIMELINES ACOMA PUEBLO ARE CARBO DATED 30000 YEARS AGO AT SKY CITY

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 17 днів тому

      We are learning about the prehistoric period of turquoise mining. Whatever the history of Acoma there is no evidence of turquoise mining.

  • @philipbaity7083
    @philipbaity7083 17 днів тому

    It is surprising to me that recent research on meso american (aztec) artifacts showed no turquoise imported from from the northern mines: ua-cam.com/video/DApIqKZivHc/v-deo.htmlº

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 15 днів тому

      These studies suppose turquoise from the south but no mines have been located unlike in the southwest U.S. where most modern mines have indicated prehistoric mining.

  • @rickbattle5706
    @rickbattle5706 17 днів тому

    Great video and historic perspective. 🙂

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 15 днів тому

      Thank you. Part Two will continue the story focusing on the importance of Pecos Pueblo as a trade center.

  • @ericbabcock846
    @ericbabcock846 19 днів тому

    I love my late 80s C Turquoise. Since then MAGNASITE gets color & stabilized

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 18 днів тому

      There are many reputable Chinese turquoise dealers presenting beautiful turquoise both stabilized and natural.

  • @philipbaity7083
    @philipbaity7083 20 днів тому

    Thanks Mike, It would be interesting to see some Black web No.8 or some Blue Star , which was the original name of this mine.

  • @sarfarazahmed3955
    @sarfarazahmed3955 23 дні тому

    Amazing work sir.. I am from Muscat. Country is Oman.. Very close to iran. We here in Muscat get very good turquoise from... Iran.. I like to buy turquoise.. Recently got into this. Your inputs were valuable.. God bless...

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 23 дні тому

      Thanks for your support. Digital copies of the books are available on the website.

  • @BellaLugosiify
    @BellaLugosiify 26 днів тому

    Amazing video ! Thank you for sharing your wealth of knowledge and also your beautiful turquoise.

  • @tattoofthesun
    @tattoofthesun 26 днів тому

    There’s a guy on Etsy with some top grade Indian Mountain, Timeless Turquoise. Cheyenne is great - Jesse hasn’t had any Cheyenne for sale recently. My experience anyway. A total straight-shooter though.

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 26 днів тому

      As mentioned in the video Cheyenne has been in regulatory limbo restricting production. Hope to see some soon.

  • @drobertsmithjewelry
    @drobertsmithjewelry 26 днів тому

    Great video Mike! The amount of higher grade natural material is shrinking for sure. Especially from small mines of the past. Indian Mountain is one of my faves besides Morenci. That’s a nice stone.

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 26 днів тому

      Thanks,especially from such a talented jeweler with so much experience. You tell your story in Turquoise in America Part Two, 1910-1990.

  • @oaklanddba
    @oaklanddba 27 днів тому

    Thanks for the sales pitch.

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 27 днів тому

      Well if you benefit do you mind if I benefit? You are welcome to ignore any advice and begrudge me any commerce from my considerable effort to educate the public. An informed consumer is a better customer but only for the honest vendor. What are you ?

  • @barberfabian
    @barberfabian 27 днів тому

    If I sent you a photo of my Bisbee Ring could you give me a general grading for it? I felt like it was higher than the mid grade you showed but maybe not QUITE as high as the very high grade lol. I can't say for sure, it may very well be high grade because it's a stunning stone, with a deep deep blue color and great brown/black matrix. But those you showed were so unique and beautiful, mine is absolutely beautiful but in a different way so I would love your opinion if possible!

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 27 днів тому

      I can give my opinion but grading is not possible from a photo. You can grade the ring yourself following the Turquoise Grading System using the R2 rules of grading I developed. You can find videos and an article describing the system on the Blog at turquoiseinamerica.com .

  • @melindaellzey1999
    @melindaellzey1999 Місяць тому

    I always start your videos on my phone but transfer them to the tv- many thanks for sharing your knowledge of this stone that steals your heart.

  • @user-um8uk9mb9t
    @user-um8uk9mb9t Місяць тому

    Man, its ALWAYS a treat when you share your high grade and gem grade thrqhoise collection with us, yhe viewers. I am always so grateful how much youve educated us and countless hours and years of work your put into sharing your knowledge. As a intermediate Diné silversmith, i am ALWAYS faithful to my buyers about wether or not i know where a stone came from, and if jts stabilized or not. Because i at least can sleep at night haha

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 Місяць тому

      @@user-um8uk9mb9t Honesty is the best policy. Good for peace of mind, good for business.

  • @tattoofthesun
    @tattoofthesun Місяць тому

    Great point Mike. Though not all mines produce a gem grade black web or even a spiderweb at all, the gem grade is still the gem grade. Bisbee top grade is different from Royston top grade and top grade Blue Gem is different from Top Grade Fox

    • @user-um8uk9mb9t
      @user-um8uk9mb9t Місяць тому

      Hey, I see your comments a lot in all the turquoise channels I visit. If you don't mind me asking, what got you into turquoise? I fell in love with it when I seen my first navajo mens ring by Kevin Yazzie. He has a punk/metal/native style that I also try to capture in my silversmithing work. His is refined, but mine is still in its beginning stages. Trying to amalgamate the two different styles "punk and native American" is pretty tough.

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 Місяць тому

      @@tattoofthesun Fox has long been a staple in Native American jewelry because it was plentiful and not expensive while showing a very nice mid grade look in the natural. There was a lot of Fox treated by Dowell Ward when he had the mine. While I have seen high grade Fox, I have never seen gem grade. Blue Gem was a staple in the trade from the mid thirties until the mid seventies providing hard natural stone with consistent HMG to HG.

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 Місяць тому

      @@user-um8uk9mb9t Although I bought my first turquoise during the boom of the 70’s I did not get bit by the bug until I retired from my financial advisor career in 2011 and began collecting. I started the history research in 2014.

  • @seiko9361
    @seiko9361 Місяць тому

    Hi make a video on how to know if your natural clean blue turquoise will turn green or not . I dont like green turquoise whereas the stabilized ones dont change colour . How can one determine that the stone he is going to buy will stay blue rather than going green ?!

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 Місяць тому

      Generally with natural turquoise the higher the grade the harder the stone and less chance of absorption of oil and color change. As you note treated turquoise will fill the porous natural with plastic or other material

  • @SixStringSlinger1
    @SixStringSlinger1 Місяць тому

    Oh wow. I did not know that some people have a problem calling a stone natural if it has been buffed or backed... Well then, I say it's not natural unless it's still in the earth lol (just kidding of course). ✌🏻 great video yet again!

  • @carlosalbertoclaros3558
    @carlosalbertoclaros3558 Місяць тому

    Yo quiero uno con piedra negra

  • @gregrizzy3326
    @gregrizzy3326 Місяць тому

    I asked a seller of Tibetan Turquoise on eBay what the marking on the back that I kept on seeing was? It looked as though the cab had started as a bead and broke by drilling. It looked like it began to be drilled and then split in two. Being then saved as a oval cabochon dome and on the flat backside a fairly deep gouge mark 1/4 to 1/2 of the way down. They said to me it was a marking that is used to help identify Tibetan Turquoise. How true that is I do not know...?

  • @VictorManzo-wv1hv
    @VictorManzo-wv1hv Місяць тому

    No disrespect but you should invite real master Native silver smith.

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 Місяць тому

      I should and I have. In Turquoise in America Part Three. The Stories of Turquoise,1990-2020 you may read the stories of several Native American jewelers. Videos require time and travel both in short supply for busy jewelers. Joshua lives nearby and is a master jeweler who works with the finest turquoise.

  • @larisavolozhina8300
    @larisavolozhina8300 Місяць тому

    Thank you very much! Very interesting information!

  • @heidisunshine2003
    @heidisunshine2003 Місяць тому

    Hi 👋 Does anyone know which kind of turquoise Mike is wearing on his neck… it is so beautiful 🤩

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 Місяць тому

      Let’s ask Mike. “It is Chinese,Hubei Provence from the Yungai Temple Mine.”The history of Chinese turquoise coming to the U.S. is in Part Two.

  • @SixStringSlinger1
    @SixStringSlinger1 Місяць тому

    I just finished my very first ring and I used a beautiful cab of Blue Moon that I got from the Otteson's store. ✌🏻

  • @MohammadAdhami-xz3gh
    @MohammadAdhami-xz3gh Місяць тому

    سلام استاد. واقعا سپاس ازت‌ چون بینهایت استفاده کردم و از دانش تو لذت بردم

  • @alegnalowe3679
    @alegnalowe3679 Місяць тому

    This sounds like it should be more expensive than diamonds.

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 Місяць тому

      Diamond pricing is controlled by a cartel which distorts the price. Turquoise,especially at the highest grades is much more rare than diamonds.

  • @user-cw2ln5ft2c
    @user-cw2ln5ft2c Місяць тому

    Your PIXIE NEKLACE is variscite not Turquoise . I was partner with Dr. Ingersol and Louie Gomes in the Pixie mine . My cutting shop in Gallup did thousands of Cabochons of Pixie . I have a small amount of Carats in my collection and none look like your necklace .WE mined the Pixie with a D8 Cat and we know our Pixie . I've been in the Turquoise Business for 54 years and have Many High Grade Cabochons in my personal Collection . I appreciate your attempt to classify Turquoise and your youtube presentations as it is excellent to a point .

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 Місяць тому

      Yes most Pixie is probably variscite just as much Carico Lake is probably variscite. Most New Lander is variscite.

  • @pattilemonhouse7911
    @pattilemonhouse7911 2 місяці тому

    That's a very finely embroidered shirt.

  • @Algoldprospecting
    @Algoldprospecting 2 місяці тому

    I just bought some rough turquoise I cut some kinda weak stuff not sure if it has been treated

  • @philipbaity7083
    @philipbaity7083 2 місяці тому

    I didn't know of the No. 8 Godber family connection....

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 2 місяці тому

      In addition to owning Godber Burnham the Godber family became active as dealers of turquoise and Native American jewelry. Frank Patania Sr bought from them, including the No.8 selection shown.

  • @philipbaity7083
    @philipbaity7083 2 місяці тому

    Is there any known cure for the turquoise bug?

  • @IvanLopez-zh3xz
    @IvanLopez-zh3xz 2 місяці тому

    Amazing content as usual!! Thank you !!!

  • @jiggyfun807
    @jiggyfun807 2 місяці тому

    Was at Friendship Flea Market yesterday for their annual sale. Huge turquoise markets. Almost got a cuff stuck on my hand.

  • @WandaandSteveCreations
    @WandaandSteveCreations 2 місяці тому

    The black background makes the blue pop big time with turquoise! Thank you for sharing 😊

  • @oaklanddba
    @oaklanddba 2 місяці тому

    Thank you for putting so much care and work into these videos. It is clear this is a passion and I wanted you to know that we see the love and effort you put out here. You are appreciated.

  • @homerSImpsonss
    @homerSImpsonss 2 місяці тому

    Love the green stone on your neck. What stone is that

  • @edwardsmith3817
    @edwardsmith3817 2 місяці тому

    Your videos are so helpful! I have some information regarding turquoise. I’ve been finding loads of it in a River in the Adirondack mountains. I have some questions because I can’t find any info on River turquoise especially in the northeast. They seem to be VHG or GG, although I’m still looking for slightly bigger specimens. It would be amazing if you could offer your input. I would be happy to email you about this. Let me know. Thank you for your videos.

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 2 місяці тому

      I have never heard of turquoise found in a placer claim.

    • @edwardsmith3817
      @edwardsmith3817 2 місяці тому

      @@turquoiseinamerica3164 I am very new to the world of geology so I could be miss identifying. I even thought somebody may have dropped a piece of jewelry into the river however, I keep finding it. I’m working my way up the river to find the source. And also, there are quite a few mines in the area with copper and other indicators of possible turquoise. I thought maybe the old mine dumps were washing out into the river. I’ll know more when I find the source. I’ve been finding it in a large river with what looks like Kelechi creating many places to catch heavys.

    • @edwardsmith3817
      @edwardsmith3817 2 місяці тому

      @@turquoiseinamerica3164 if I can prove, I found it in New York, is it worth more or less?

  • @IvanLopez-zh3xz
    @IvanLopez-zh3xz 2 місяці тому

    Awsome again!!!! Thank you!!!!!!!

  • @rickbattle5706
    @rickbattle5706 2 місяці тому

    I like the diamond shape cab at the bottom of the left group. That would be my #1 pick from the tray.

    • @SixStringSlinger1
      @SixStringSlinger1 2 місяці тому

      It's a beautiful stone. I think the cut adds a lot to it's beauty!

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 2 місяці тому

      Your preference is what I discuss regarding personal bias. Your top pick may not be the stone that has the highest grade but it is your highest grade.

    • @dm-cu2ie
      @dm-cu2ie 2 місяці тому

      Question: How do you grade turquoise? Answer: You don't.

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 2 місяці тому

      @@dm-cu2ie I suggest you watch the videos on grading and read the article on the Blog on the website describing the Turquoise Grading System I developed using the R2 Rules of turquoise grading. You may not grade turquoise but I do and the market does so every day in determine the price.

    • @tattoofthesun
      @tattoofthesun 6 днів тому

      @@turquoiseinamerica3164don’t pay too much mind to the dumb responses, Mike. You’re making great strides for the community

  • @donching4520
    @donching4520 2 місяці тому

    Hi Mike. I wanted to ask about Pyrite in Turquoise. Is it dangerous to wear since pyrite contains arsenic? Thank you!

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 2 місяці тому

      I am neither a doctor nor a geologist but I imagine that would depend on the concentration and whether it is ingested or somehow absorbed. Since it would only be a trace amount and unless you are sucking on your turquoise, I would think not. Some turquoise contains trace amounts of uranium but at minuscule levels that are not harmful.

  • @JacquesTreehorn
    @JacquesTreehorn 2 місяці тому

    Kerman is often dyed and stabilized. The desirable turquoise is NEISHABOUR. I am trying to source 80mm to 85mm x 40mm oval cabs for belt buckles and it has been difficult to find cabs greater than 40mm long in Neishabour. The size I am looking for in Neishabour is very difficult to find and very pricey. Larger cabs are pears. I personally like the inclusions in the Kerman and I may be able to find the size I am looking for in Kerman. I am being told it is dyed and stabilized though. I am building buckles for everyday use. I am cool with it.

    • @turquoiseinamerica3164
      @turquoiseinamerica3164 2 місяці тому

      Kerman is generally softer than Nishabur. Finding large cabs of natural turquoise is becoming more difficult as prices rise and cutters cut smaller cabs to keep prices down. The turquoise market in Iran has become difficult due to corruption and inflation. A dealer may arrange pricing for rough,export and treatment only to find when purchasing more rough that the price has increased 300%. Negotiating with the corruption is costly and often dangerous.

  • @tattoofthesun
    @tattoofthesun 2 місяці тому

    Would love a closeup on the stones he brought and the cuffs