All that work to get a small lump of iron. No wonder iron tools and weapons were such prized possessions. I recently read that when early English settlers in America wanted to move West or move back to England, they would often burn down their old house to recover all the iron nails and fittings, to take with them. The crown enacted a law in Virginia in 1640, that made it illegal to burn down buildings for the nails, and would pay the building owner an equal amount of new nails in exchange for leaving the building on the land that was leased from the crown. The land was all leased from the King, but the crown got to keep the improvements made to the land for the price of a couple buckets of new nails. What a great deal for the King.
I wasn't a big fan of history in school, but cool bits of information like this made history come alive and a lot more interesting to me. Thanks for adding another piece to the tapestry!
@@LiamDavid You forgot about finding the ore, making the charcoal, making the furnace (which you need to remake after every smelt), not having an air compressor (have fun working those bellows) and how many people were involved... for a bit of iron that still needs to be worked and turned into something actually useful. Comparing that to a piece of high tech technology is just ridiculous - thank the industrial revolution for making things like iPhones so ridiculously cheap that it doesn't take much convincing to make people buy a new one every year for no good reason :P You probably earn an iPhone in less time than it took those guys to make that lump of iron. How many hours of work does it take you to buy an axe or a spade? That's at least something you can compare, even though most of the cost is in logistics rather than production. And really, the amount of charcoal needed is just ridiculous; steel production in the medieval times was limited by availability of wood for charcoal, not iron ore. Even in modern times, steel mills are built close to coal mines, not iron mines - transporting the iron ore is a lot less effort than transporting the coal. And needless to say, modern steel mills are a lot more efficient than clay bloomery furnaces :)
This is something my son and I are wanting to try. He has 1 year left in the Navy before he comes home and then were going to give this a try. Love your videos Harry!!! Keep them coming.
When you think of the millennia that this was the basis of how most iron was made before Cort's puddling method, it’s incredible. Once the iron is wrought (worked) it was good enough to build ships or adorn cathedrals. Wonderful stuff!
How it works: the charcoal produces Carbon Monoxide which reduces the ore to metallic Iron. Keeping the furnace at the right temperature is critical, you want it to be high enough for the slag to melt and run but not high enough for the metallic Iron to melt. Instead, the furnace is in the range of the welding temperature of Iron, which causes the metallic Iron to weld itself together in a sponge (or bloom), allowing the molten slag to leak out of it and most of the remainder to be beaten out of the bloom when it's removed and worked.
Well in fact FeO2 and Fe2O3 is reduced by several steps. The other oxides are reduced too btw. So silicates are likely to contaminate the iron! CHeers!
A wonderful insight in to how they were making iron all those centuries ago in the iron age. Its much easier, for us, to make iron this way, than for those early pioneers who made it for the first time without any references to explain the theory and practice.
@@nyctinus6859 Aluminium production is very complicated. You need electrolytic cell, in the inert atmosphere, high heat and high current, to reduce aluminium oxide mixed with cryolite. Even at small scale it would be very hard to do in the lab or home. Melting aluminum is easy. As most other metals. And even melting iron isn't that hard with proper heat source. So, I doubt he meant smelting, but melting, as you suggested.
I went to an event a few weeks back where they did a melt, but it failed, unfortunately. Thankfully, though, they did an iron pour to make some swage blocks and fire pots. Thanks for sharing the video!
+Harry Rogers They were all spoken for this year, so maybe next time. They all turned out great, thankfully. I really enjoyed this video. Thanks again.
I'm not a practical expert or anything, and I really like this research, the grain size of the roasted ore they start out with, is enormous. If you have a poor ore, you want to break it down as fine as possible, powder like and perhaps use a magnet to sort out all the slag.
My sculpture teacher in Atlanta Georgia would build a furnace like this outside, as a performance piece.. fire it up during an art show, just as the sun was going down, open it up and let the iron flow onto a hillside, cool off and that was the sculpture. We used Coke and a bellows instead of charcoal to heat it.
Great video. Im eanting to do this myself to make a blade from scratch . I wish i had someone to help guide me in the right direction. . Thx for the video.
Thank you so much for the clear explanation! I have a question... was the iron already under the clay furnace and then the coal added or was it that the coal is added first and then the iron ore is added? Just a small confusion. And if so wouldn't the iron mix up with the coal and spoil its quality this way?
They add the Iron ore at the top, mixed with charcoal. 4:00 is a 1:1 Ore to Charcoal mix. And later at at 7:10 they comment on having too much carbon in the iron, making it a bit too hard to forge. The point of the bloomery is, in fact, to get some carbon in the iron by melting it at the top and letting it flow through the charcoal to the bottom. You then hammer the bloom and break all of the contaminants off, then cut it and forge weld it to itself to get a more even spread of carbon so that its' properties are more consistent.
The bloom looks small and of low quality. Ive never smithed but ive watched MANY bloomery vids. SUGGESTIONS: 1) Pulverize your ore much smaller ... ideally to a coarse sand consistency. 2) Sieve your charcoal - the optimum size seems to be about 1" chunks. Too much dust tends to interfere with airflow, and overlarge chunks disrupt the rate of consumption and are less space efficient when burning - both mean less heat. 3) I suspect a slightly taller furnace with sligjtly greater airflow, and running it for longer, would enable to run hotter ... resulting in a bloom that is not only larger but of higher quality (read: higher heat means the slag drains faster and more completely).
Dear Sir, it has been a long time I know, but would you perhaps be able to remember if the ratio of iron ore to charcoal they articulated as being "6 or 7 to one" was by Weight, not by Volume. Kind regards.
Bloomery was too hot, the iron melted and became pig iron. The carbon content is over 5%, the goal was to get it hot and cook it but not reach melting. If you want to smelt iron, you need a sealed crucible, which was unknown in Europe.
The Chinese were making pig iron by the later Zhou Dynasty (1122-256 BC).[2] In Europe, the process was not invented until the Late Middle Ages (1350-1500).[3] Actually, the phase transition of the iron into liquid in the furnace was an avoided phenomenon, as decarburizing the pig iron into steel was an extremely tedious process using medieval technology.
Exciting to watch this. I want to know if I could do something like this with taconite pellets crushed. They get roasted in the production process and are about 80+ % fe with silica or other slaggym aterial
There's a video where someone uses taconite gathered from railroad tracks. Videos not bad but they didn't know a lot about bellows or building the furnace.
Theres a video documentary of tribes in Africa banding together to revive primitive iron smelting like this... they used elders and oral traditions and developed way better blooms and made tools as gifts to local politicians check it out.
Needed to add in some flux. Would have been able to save more of the iron. Still, this looks like it was a grand day out. Would have loved to join in on this fun.^_^
One of my once in a life time dreams is to make my own sword, by digging for the right kind of dirt (laterite)....learning the entire procedure of creating my own iron chunks, and hammering them into a sword shape, which then I would treat further....I need to do this!
Try doing tons of research on japanese tamahagane/steel. I am not a 150% sure but i think it is made from sand but don't take my word for it from what i've seen it is very similar to this process good luck be safe and have fun.
+Jack Mack Thanks Jack......I think sometimes people hit the thumbs down in error....especially on a small phone,....though there is no excuse for some of the comments one gets from time to time...All the best Harry
Oh how very, very, very, very,.......,very much we take for granted in modern society. I hope this video humbles more people than just myself. Note that the ancients did not have an electric air source to continually blow into the furnace - they had to have someone always pumping bellows.
Not always,Generally the smelter was put close to a stream or river and they would have a mechanical blower going constantly. Save as much labor as they can.
No. What they are making would be pig iron. If they take this pig and then smelt it again in a low oxygen furnace it can make steel. The key is getting out the impurities and controlling the amount of carbon.
floopy312 it would be if it's the right proportion like under 2% carbon. It was too much carbon it turned into cast iron. But this is not the process yet there's still too much impurities.
You get pig iron if the iron melts and become saturated with carbon, but the bloomery furnace wouldn't get hot enough to melt it. Later technology (blast furnaces with water powered bellows) did get so hot the iron would melt and produce pig iron which would then have to be remelted and decarbonised to produce steel. However during the dark ages in Europe they didn't seem to know how to decarbonise pig iron to get steel (at least not in a practical way), so pig iron was considered a waste product and melting the iron would have been avoided.
So what was the ratio that worked out? So many variables, must be a frustrating thing till you get a successful bloom you actually work into something.
Good question but as you will notice the anvil is an old tree stump- tongs can be wooden too as the charred wood acts as an insulator. A crude hammer would have been made of a large piece of flint ( at least in that area) bound to a wooden handle. The bloom does not need to be hit hard. However, don't forget discovery and working of iron is post bronze age so bronze tools can handle hitting and holding that kind of heat for short intervals. Bronze is comparatively easier to melt and is much easier to cast. I'm not a historian but it is common knowledge the bronze age came before the iron age so this is my conjecture based on experience.
I'm a bit confused. When you melt metal, aren't you supposed to melt it into a container so that you can pour it into a mold? These guys threw it in and let it ooze out onto the ground.
I see. So you're not melting the entire thing down, you're heating to get the dirt etc out in order to make it into a malleable hunk? For future forging?
I'm pretty sure that's what the pipe sticking out the front of the furnace is . . . at 0:55 you can see a hose running to somewhere behind a strategically located wheel-barrow.
James Day YESSSSSSS! I was wondering how easy would it be to get iron from the ore with primitive tools like in the game, and... well... I guess it's a whole lot harder.
Hello E-mail: 2996496980@qq.com Please write to me, your detailed request, i will help you! I am an expert in induction heating industry, Whatsapp No.: +86 131 1368 8127 Pls add my Skype ID: andrew6682527 QQ: 2996496980 Facebook: 2996496980@qq.com We can chat online! Any comments, that'll be appreciated!
Does anyone know a smith that would forge an iron knife for a decent price. Not steel, cast iron, wrought iron, railroad spikes, etc. Real historically accurate iron.
Try doing this without a machine pumping the air, and do it with more primitive tech, and you will understand why it was so hard to make and expensive to make iron and steel.
watching this so I might have a clue how to make iron should the society ever totally collapse or i time travel back or stranded on a primitive planet??
limestone and coke are flux. you need it to make steel. flux may help molten iron flow, removing slag. but they are not making steel. they are smelting iron.
When i get old, i want a bunch of friends like this.
Dan Pow uou need good eyes and health for thst
Cft
Well said.
All that work to get a small lump of iron. No wonder iron tools and weapons were such prized possessions. I recently read that when early English settlers in America wanted to move West or move back to England, they would often burn down their old house to recover all the iron nails and fittings, to take with them. The crown enacted a law in Virginia in 1640, that made it illegal to burn down buildings for the nails, and would pay the building owner an equal amount of new nails in exchange for leaving the building on the land that was leased from the crown. The land was all leased from the King, but the crown got to keep the improvements made to the land for the price of a couple buckets of new nails. What a great deal for the King.
+AndTheCorrectAnswerIs Thats very interesting ...never heard about that before - thanks.
Also means you don't need to burn down a house and then sift the ashes for nails, so a win-win I'd say!
I wasn't a big fan of history in school, but cool bits of information like this made history come alive and a lot more interesting to me. Thanks for adding another piece to the tapestry!
All that work, few hours? Compare how much we all work now to buy an apple product.
@@LiamDavid You forgot about finding the ore, making the charcoal, making the furnace (which you need to remake after every smelt), not having an air compressor (have fun working those bellows) and how many people were involved... for a bit of iron that still needs to be worked and turned into something actually useful. Comparing that to a piece of high tech technology is just ridiculous - thank the industrial revolution for making things like iPhones so ridiculously cheap that it doesn't take much convincing to make people buy a new one every year for no good reason :P You probably earn an iPhone in less time than it took those guys to make that lump of iron. How many hours of work does it take you to buy an axe or a spade? That's at least something you can compare, even though most of the cost is in logistics rather than production.
And really, the amount of charcoal needed is just ridiculous; steel production in the medieval times was limited by availability of wood for charcoal, not iron ore. Even in modern times, steel mills are built close to coal mines, not iron mines - transporting the iron ore is a lot less effort than transporting the coal. And needless to say, modern steel mills are a lot more efficient than clay bloomery furnaces :)
This is something my son and I are wanting to try. He has 1 year left in the Navy before he comes home and then were going to give this a try. Love your videos Harry!!! Keep them coming.
You posted this comment 2 years ago. I hope he made it home safely and that you two got to do this together.
Yeah, I came here from Primitive Technology too
long jurney
Walber Za.
me to
Eu também vim do primitive technolog
same
When you think of the millennia that this was the basis of how most iron was made before Cort's puddling method, it’s incredible. Once the iron is wrought (worked) it was good enough to build ships or adorn cathedrals. Wonderful stuff!
yeah there was wrought iron before Cort. and giant blast furnaces.
Remarkable stuff.
people in the ancient past had allot to be proud of.
these sorts of things are significant achievements.
Makes me appreciate what hard work it took to create things by hand. Sadly a lot of this knowledge will be lost. Great video.
How it works: the charcoal produces Carbon Monoxide which reduces the ore to metallic Iron. Keeping the furnace at the right temperature is critical, you want it to be high enough for the slag to melt and run but not high enough for the metallic Iron to melt. Instead, the furnace is in the range of the welding temperature of Iron, which causes the metallic Iron to weld itself together in a sponge (or bloom), allowing the molten slag to leak out of it and most of the remainder to be beaten out of the bloom when it's removed and worked.
did you say carbon mooxide
What is the slag, in chemical terms?
@@bettyswunghole3310 propably impure silicon
Well in fact FeO2 and Fe2O3 is reduced by several steps. The other oxides are reduced too btw. So silicates are likely to contaminate the iron! CHeers!
8:27"what's that smell?"
"Means your boot's on fire."
A wonderful insight in to how they were making iron all those centuries ago in the iron age.
Its much easier, for us, to make iron this way, than for those early pioneers who made it for the first time without any references to explain the theory and practice.
A fascinating video as read about this process but not seen it done before, many thanks for sharing Harry ~Peace~
Done some aluminum smelting before but iron from ore is a thing of beauty and wonder! Amazing.
You mean melting aluminum cans, or literally smelting it from bauxite or something?
@@nyctinus6859 Aluminium production is very complicated. You need electrolytic cell, in the inert atmosphere, high heat and high current, to reduce aluminium oxide mixed with cryolite. Even at small scale it would be very hard to do in the lab or home. Melting aluminum is easy. As most other metals. And even melting iron isn't that hard with proper heat source.
So, I doubt he meant smelting, but melting, as you suggested.
Thanks for putting this video together Harry, it was very interesting!
Thanks a lot for this fantastic Video! Greets from Switzerland
Felix
+Felix Immler Thanks Felix.
Amazing. Absolutely amazing video and effort. And then the death of the bronze age...
My daughter & I quite enjoyed this. Nice work!
I went to an event a few weeks back where they did a melt, but it failed, unfortunately. Thankfully, though, they did an iron pour to make some swage blocks and fire pots. Thanks for sharing the video!
+Scott Haney Sounds like a good opportunity to get a swage block!
+Harry Rogers They were all spoken for this year, so maybe next time. They all turned out great, thankfully. I really enjoyed this video. Thanks again.
I'm not a practical expert or anything, and I really like this research, the grain size of the roasted ore they start out with, is enormous. If you have a poor ore, you want to break it down as fine as possible, powder like and perhaps use a magnet to sort out all the slag.
Wow, really interesting stuff. I thought about trying that years ago, but there's nothing here but limestone!
Congratulations young man, not bad. Keep following thou's dreams and I'll join you a little later. Mom still has need of me. Thank You Loader.
My sculpture teacher in Atlanta Georgia would build a furnace like this outside, as a performance piece.. fire it up during an art show, just as the sun was going down, open it up and let the iron flow onto a hillside, cool off and that was the sculpture. We used Coke and a bellows instead of charcoal to heat it.
You always go such interesting places!
Great video. Im eanting to do this myself to make a blade from scratch . I wish i had someone to help guide me in the right direction. . Thx for the video.
Thank you so much for the clear explanation! I have a question... was the iron already under the clay furnace and then the coal added or was it that the coal is added first and then the iron ore is added? Just a small confusion. And if so wouldn't the iron mix up with the coal and spoil its quality this way?
They add the Iron ore at the top, mixed with charcoal. 4:00 is a 1:1 Ore to Charcoal mix. And later at at 7:10 they comment on having too much carbon in the iron, making it a bit too hard to forge.
The point of the bloomery is, in fact, to get some carbon in the iron by melting it at the top and letting it flow through the charcoal to the bottom. You then hammer the bloom and break all of the contaminants off, then cut it and forge weld it to itself to get a more even spread of carbon so that its' properties are more consistent.
@@guycxz Wow! Thank you so much! You've given me all the clarity I needed!
That was awesome Harry, thanks for sharing.
BigAlNaAlba Thanks
Quite cool old chaps. Quite cool!
Thanks really great, fun to watch! Thanks for sharing, Harry!
Wonderful video Harry!
+Richard Weaver Thanks Richard
Well done Victor!
fantastic video! I've watched it several times for retention! fascinating, I knew nothing about this, and it's invaluable! thank you
Levy Thompson Thanks Levy
The tools that were developed with these ancient techniques were the foundation of civilization as we know it today.
The bloom looks small and of low quality. Ive never smithed but ive watched MANY bloomery vids.
SUGGESTIONS:
1) Pulverize your ore much smaller ... ideally to a coarse sand consistency.
2) Sieve your charcoal - the optimum size seems to be about 1" chunks. Too much dust tends to interfere with airflow, and overlarge chunks disrupt the rate of consumption and are less space efficient when burning - both mean less heat.
3) I suspect a slightly taller furnace with sligjtly greater airflow, and running it for longer, would enable to run hotter ... resulting in a bloom that is not only larger but of higher quality (read: higher heat means the slag drains faster and more completely).
subscribed. honestly learned a ton from watching this!
I find this kind of "primitive technology" very interesting.
This was very cool. Thanks for sharing this.
Dear Sir, it has been a long time I know, but would you perhaps be able to remember if the ratio of iron ore to charcoal they articulated as being "6 or 7 to one" was by Weight, not by Volume. Kind regards.
Perhaps try and contact the Wealden Iron Group, I think they have a website. Best wishes Harry
Bloomery was too hot, the iron melted and became pig iron. The carbon content is over 5%, the goal was to get it hot and cook it but not reach melting. If you want to smelt iron, you need a sealed crucible, which was unknown in Europe.
The Chinese were making pig iron by the later Zhou Dynasty (1122-256 BC).[2] In Europe, the process was not invented until the Late Middle Ages (1350-1500).[3] Actually, the phase transition of the iron into liquid in the furnace was an avoided phenomenon, as decarburizing the pig iron into steel was an extremely tedious process using medieval technology.
Exciting to watch this. I want to know if I could do something like this with taconite pellets crushed. They get roasted in the production process and are about 80+ % fe with silica or other slaggym
aterial
There's a video where someone uses taconite gathered from railroad tracks. Videos not bad but they didn't know a lot about bellows or building the furnace.
Theres a video documentary of tribes in Africa banding together to revive primitive iron smelting like this... they used elders and oral traditions and developed way better blooms and made tools as gifts to local politicians check it out.
Rammell Transfiguracion I saw that one. it was a great video.
Needed to add in some flux. Would have been able to save more of the iron. Still, this looks like it was a grand day out. Would have loved to join in on this fun.^_^
I read somewhere sand should be added with the ore for the reason you just mentioned and it is easier to break away in the wroughting process.
One of my once in a life time dreams is to make my own sword, by digging for the right kind of dirt (laterite)....learning the entire procedure of creating my own iron chunks, and hammering them into a sword shape, which then I would treat further....I need to do this!
Try doing tons of research on japanese tamahagane/steel. I am not a 150% sure but i think it is made from sand but don't take my word for it from what i've seen it is very similar to this process good luck be safe and have fun.
@@mountainwolf1 thank you! Have a great weekend.
Nice on, now re-melt it with a little lime and dolomite, remove the slag and blow air through the molten mix.
Iron = Ahn (I'm sorry)
"A big, lahge lump of ahn."
"ahn awe"
Auon
Hmmm,didnt notice them adding limestone or similar,I thought that was needed ?
"And there was much rejoicing, yay yay"
Good show mates
is there a period-practical way to reclaim iron from the slag?
Sure, just throw it in along the new iron ore
thanks for sharing! very nice to see
great video! anybody who would push the thumbs down button has no business on youtube
+Jack Mack Thanks Jack......I think sometimes people hit the thumbs down in error....especially on a small phone,....though there is no excuse for some of the comments one gets from time to time...All the best Harry
By pounding the bloom on a wooden surface, aren't you adding carbon to the iron, and thereby making it harder to work?
Oh how very, very, very, very,.......,very much we take for granted in modern society. I hope this video humbles more people than just myself.
Note that the ancients did not have an electric air source to continually blow into the furnace - they had to have someone always pumping bellows.
Not always,Generally the smelter was put close to a stream or river and they would have a mechanical blower going constantly. Save as much labor as they can.
Labour is free. Thats what the 'prentice is for!
Isn't that supposed to be steel when you mix iron ore with carbon?
No. What they are making would be pig iron. If they take this pig and then smelt it again in a low oxygen furnace it can make steel. The key is getting out the impurities and controlling the amount of carbon.
floopy312 it would be if it's the right proportion like under 2% carbon. It was too much carbon it turned into cast iron. But this is not the process yet there's still too much impurities.
You get pig iron if the iron melts and become saturated with carbon, but the bloomery furnace wouldn't get hot enough to melt it. Later technology (blast furnaces with water powered bellows) did get so hot the iron would melt and produce pig iron which would then have to be remelted and decarbonised to produce steel. However during the dark ages in Europe they didn't seem to know how to decarbonise pig iron to get steel (at least not in a practical way), so pig iron was considered a waste product and melting the iron would have been avoided.
So what was the ratio that worked out? So many variables, must be a frustrating thing till you get a successful bloom you actually work into something.
+RocketCityGardener The ore had to be something like 37% iron or above........and yes I think it is a lot of trial and error!
the grinding of the ironstones must be really thin before being inserted in the oven
good work i am agabito from uganda
Well done big chap :)
But who made the very first metal hammer, how was it done..Its easy using already made metal tools to hammer it out.
Good question but as you will notice the anvil is an old tree stump- tongs can be wooden too as the charred wood acts as an insulator. A crude hammer would have been made of a large piece of flint ( at least in that area) bound to a wooden handle. The bloom does not need to be hit hard. However, don't forget discovery and working of iron is post bronze age so bronze tools can handle hitting and holding that kind of heat for short intervals. Bronze is comparatively easier to melt and is much easier to cast. I'm not a historian but it is common knowledge the bronze age came before the iron age so this is my conjecture based on experience.
Old, but gold.
How long did they go between the first loading of ore and when they pulled the bloom
You go til you run out of charcoal or ore or until it gets too full and gets blocked.
So can someone explain to me please. What is the different between Metal and ordinary iron? Im no expert so i need an explanation for this..
A Salam ali come brother good programme .
I'm a bit confused. When you melt metal, aren't you supposed to melt it into a container so that you can pour it into a mold? These guys threw it in and let it ooze out onto the ground.
Trying to hammer the impurities out of it so that it can then be wrought into an item.
I see. So you're not melting the entire thing down, you're heating to get the dirt etc out in order to make it into a malleable hunk? For future forging?
@@AwestaKhalid Hi yes that's right. Rgds Harry
These guys know more chemistry than I do. And I graduated high school!
metallurgy actually. which by definition is a chemical science but specifically deals with the study of metals
High school hahahaha like that means anything today.
Great Video!!!
lol, one of the most advanced tuyeres Ive seen for being out in the woods.
That pipe and hose, do they pump air in to the bloomery?
Yes
How they make fire for the furnace?
Where are the bellows? I thought one needed constant air flow to get iron ore hot enough.
I'm pretty sure that's what the pipe sticking out the front of the furnace is . . . at 0:55 you can see a hose running to somewhere behind a strategically located wheel-barrow.
Yeah, I figured that it must be for that but they didn't explain that and why was the source of air so far away?
awesome guys thanks for sharing
Trans Plant Thanks.
RUST brought me here
James Day YESSSSSSS! I was wondering how easy would it be to get iron from the ore with primitive tools like in the game, and... well... I guess it's a whole lot harder.
found this page myself my searching
mining steel lol
Me to 😂
a big old dead tree root, is an exellent furnace....temporary.....but WILL melt steel.
Hello
E-mail: 2996496980@qq.com
Please write to me, your detailed request, i will help you!
I am an expert in induction heating industry,
Whatsapp No.: +86 131 1368 8127
Pls add my Skype ID: andrew6682527
QQ: 2996496980
Facebook: 2996496980@qq.com
We can chat online!
Any comments, that'll be appreciated!
@@inductionheatingchina willco when i next plan a smelt....i make and repair stone masonry hand tools and small tools for custum carving.
Mark my words, one day, I will make a frame for a 1911, out of bloom iron crucible steel.
possible
I love the accent; good video
Thanks Brunne.
Me too, but it was still very interesting.
Does anyone know a smith that would forge an iron knife for a decent price. Not steel, cast iron, wrought iron, railroad spikes, etc. Real historically accurate iron.
wouldn't it be steel if if had too much carbon?
Arn ore?
Try doing this without a machine pumping the air, and do it with more primitive tech, and you will understand why it was so hard to make and expensive to make iron and steel.
En Chine lors du "grand bond en avant" , on incitait les paysans à "produire" de l'acier de cette façon . . .
soilid->liquid on 1538 dgreed celcius
Where is this?? I'd love to meet you guys
Take a look at Bodgers.org.uk Michael.
What is the melted substance that pours from the bottom of the furnace at 4:44?
Ricardo Zorio slag pours out as a river
Silica and other impurities
Very interesting, thanks!
I love the intro "well hi"
why don't they have a real ambos?
watching this so I might have a clue how to make iron should the society ever totally collapse or i time travel back or stranded on a primitive planet??
This is basically like cooking.
Where was the limestone added?
limestone and coke are flux. you need it to make steel. flux may help molten iron flow, removing slag. but they are not making steel. they are smelting iron.
I can do the exact same thing after a Mexican food dinner,... minus the "Yay"...
Artificial stone & iron ore from primitive ancient science technology, this is useful for renewable soil resources. Don't underestimate
Artificial stone & iron ore from charcoal and soil with iron and Peat.
Wait was this filmed in Berlin
Eric M No UK....south-east!
Maybe artificial iron ore can make sustainable development renewable mineral resources through peat soil wood charcoal
I can't believe they made Minecraft into a real thing!
WELL DONE
What is the tube on the side
Francisco Hernandez Rodriguez Hi the tube allowed a blower to be fixed and also had a spy hole to see inside and to take readings.
the slag looks a bit like mafic lava
They just recreated ancient technology
It was worth it. You can make a axe head with that.
Wish my arm had a bloom