Haleakala National Park Has an Endangered Species Problem.
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- Опубліковано 14 жов 2024
- So... I hear that there's maybe kinda sorta something happening in Hawaii right now? Something about a Mauna Loa eruption?
This video isn't about that, but the same geology that is causing Mauna Loa to erupt right now is the same geology that has given rise to so many endemic and endangered species across the Hawaiian Islands.
In fact, Halaekala National Park has more endangered species within its borders than any other National Park in the United States. And Hawaii itself is home to 30% of all endangered species in America.
In this video, we're diving into why that is and what's being done to help these special plants and animals. Enjoy!
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Sources and Resources:
www.conservati...
Hawaii Silverswords Threatened by Climate Change:
www.esa.org/bl...
NPCA Endangered Species Article:
www.npca.org/a...
NPCA National Parks Endangered Species Map:
esa.npca.org/m...
Hawaii Division of Forestry and Wildlife Rare Plant Page:
dlnr.hawaii.go...
Hawaii Division of Forestry and Wildlife Invasive Species List:
dlnr.hawaii.go...
Hawaii Statewide Assessment and Resources Strategy, Issue 6 - Conservation of Native Biodiversity
dlnr.hawaii.go...
Atlas Pro Hawaii Biogeography Video:
• The Amazing BIOGEOGRAP...
Hawaii Climate Zones:
en.wikipedia.o...
National Academy of Sciences "Evolution in Hawaii"
nap.nationalac...
Haleakala National Park Foundation Document:
npshistory.com/...
USGS Hotspots Page:
pubs.usgs.gov/...
Hawaii Conservation Organizations:
www.hawaiicons...
www.wildhawaii...
www.conserveha...
www.nativehawai...
www.nature.org...
www.npca.org/
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National Academy of Sciences
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R. Warwick Armstrong, "Atlas of Hawaii"
University of Minnesota
NOAA
Wikimedia Commons (Icy98 and Jeorg Campbell)
Zach Pezzillo, Maui Forest Bird Recovery Project
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Paul Krushelnycky
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Plant species almost never get talked about for endangered species.Some invasive plants can take over habitats quickly.
Yep! I think because they aren't as charismatic as things like the Monk Seal in Hawaii, or megafauna in Africa, and so they easily get overlooked. But 44% of endangered plants in the US tells you all you need to know about Hawaii's endangered species problem 😔
I work as a naturalist on Maui and this video is amazing! Very strong points summed up perfectly! Well done
I appreciate that Daniel, thank you! Not going to lie, kind of jealous you get to be a naturalist on Maui lol
That's one awesome job ngl
I have gone to Hawaii yearly since the early 90's. I have seen first hand the changing landscape of Hawaii Island. I have been fortunate to explore and see many of the endangered birds of this island. Better practices around imports will help greatly. If only they were able to get ride of mongoose and wild pigs. They do the most damage.
It's such a shame. I really hope some of the predator control efforts are successful there. Invasives are definitely the biggest issue right now.
Not only that but feral cats. Ideally ban the import of new pet cats, and sadly the only resolution to the feral cat problem is to cull the feral population. Which long run is even good for the cast as often these cats are ill and are dieing
Interesting info. Going soon
Thanks! Enjoy your trip!
I think this may be my favorite video! After having visited Haleakala several years ago, I had no idea this was happening. Great information!
Much appreciated, thanks for watching!
Thanks for the awesome content and great video!!
Thank you for watching and supporting!
I love this video! Thank you for spreading awareness about this special topic. This is something my friends and I are passionate about and I feel like you hit every nail! Great info! Mahalo 🤙🏻
Appreciate the love! Thanks for watching 🙏
Very well made video. I have a suggestion. Try to add a white noise or music in background so the your intonations and gap between sentences are more fluid. This is for the beginning later on this problem is rectified.
Thanks!
Thanks for sharing.
Thanks for watching!
Hiked the crater about 40 years ago, fantastic. Got to see volcanoes on big island. I was on a 2 week trip from Willamette University, and we bumped into a park ranger who was an alumni, gave us a great tour
Very nice!
Here's the thing though Hawaii use to even have several species of flightless bird from 4 species of giant herbivorous ducks called moa nalos, a giant Hawaiian goose, a few species of flightless ibis, several species of flightless creke, and several species of flightless rail that are now all extinct
I don't know the specific evolutionary history of those species, but its possible they lost their ability to fly after a common ancestor arrived on the islands. The adaptive radiation of certain Hawaiian species gave rise to an incredible diversity of plants and animals there, so it's certainly a possibility. This article talks about it a little bit, but claims we still don't know when or how flightless birds arrived in Hawaii: www.mauinews.com/life/pau-hana/2020/01/birds-were-critical-factor-in-natural-history-of-the-islands/
@@NationalParkDiaries actually they they don't all share a common ancestor the moa nalos and giant Hawaiian goose even though there in the same order and they both are found on Hawaii doesn't mean they shared the same evolutionary ancestry the giant Hawaiian goose ancestor that made it to Hawaii was of course a goose most likely a Canada goose while the four species of moa nalos are just giant flightless ducks and genetic analysis shows that there most closely related to this one duck that I think was called the Australian shelduck or something like that both the Hawaiian rail and layson rail both genetically are proven to evolved flightless ness separately because for some reason it's always rails that are the first flightless birds and the most common flightless birds on islands well the 20 species of crake which are also rails most likely all shared a common ancestor that became flightless and the 4 species of flightless ibis all do share a common ancestor that lost powered flight so flightless ness has evolved on Hawaii atleast 6 times
Yep! Hawaii faces extremely difficult ecological challenges from the influx of humans. The challenge of US imperialism with the coup d'etat overthrowing the Hawaiian government in the 1890s greatly amplified the influx of non-native and invasive species. Excellent episode!
An unfortunate and all too common occurrence throughout human and natural history 😔 Thanks for watching
Thanks for your video! I am a professional bird photographer and visiting Hawaii for our 10th wedding anniversary. In order to juggle bird nerding with doing romantic things on Maui, would you think I would have the best shot photographing a parrotbill in this park? Or do you have any other spots you think may be better for this bird? I plan to write an article about the bird if I can put a story together with some photos. Thanks!!
Gary
Hey Gary, thanks for watching! I'm no ornithologist, so take my advice with a grain of salt lol! But, from this range map, www.iucnredlist.org/species/22720753/94681687, it does seem like Haleakala might be one of your best chances of spotting one. Hope this helps and best of luck!
It seems that so many stories of amazing flora and fauna always take that dark tone when humans arrive. It's probably a good thing that Australia has such a strict ban on importing seeds and such, even if this policy came after the horses had already bolted out of the stable. And then Australia's native species have at least the benefit of the massive size of the place, which is where Hawai'i is definitely tiny.
Somewhat of a depressing tale, but hopefully the conservation attempts will work out. It's just too unique of a flora and fauna to lose like this. Thank you for spreading awareness.
Humans are the common thread unfortunately. We have an incredible capacity to do good, but our technological advancements have opened up new frontiers for all kinds of species and in a place like Hawaii, yeah, that's just a recipe for disaster. I hope and have faith that conservation efforts can help stem the tide. The more we learn, the better we are able to apply conservation measures!
@@NationalParkDiaries There was a lot we didn't know about conservation and invasive species, which even led to some boneheaded decisions about introducing species in both Australia and the US.
It's indeed a hopeful sign that we seem to have learned something from our past mistakes :)
@@MayaPosch Definitely! Gotta keep on learning!!
Good
Island do be fragile ecosystems
So true king
thanks for the great video! randomly now want to read some Guns, Germs, and Steel
Haha, I've been meaning to re-read that myself! Great book!
autograph tree (clusia rosea) - on highly invasive species list
still sell them at walmart
sigh
The irony is that while Hawaii is far and away the extinction capital of the United States, its now more biodiverse than it has ever been. This is true even at the species level but is even more true of the larger cladistic catagories; families, orders etc.
Why this is important is two fold. First there has been so many invasive species introduced that the Hawaiian ecosystem could not function without them. And as long as we plan for humans to live on Hawaii there is no point in using pre- human or even pre-western Hawaii as a goal for conservation.
Second, all those invasive species that have been set loose on the Hawaiian islands are now subject to the same Hawaiian biogeography that forged the unique native Hawaiian species. Hawaii is cooking up a new batch of unique species, but its using a broader pallet of invasive species to work with.
That's an interesting point, but I have to disagree. The ecological forces shaping Hawaii today are happening in the blink of an eye compared to the forces shaping the island for hundreds of thousands of years. Even if biodiversity is increasing (if you have a source for that, I'd love to read about it!), the scale and speed with which we are disrupting this system is not something, I personally, would see as commendable. I also think the mindset with which we have brought these species is important. We didn't bring these species with the aim of increasing biodiversity, but with exploiting this land and its natural resources. I think we lose more than we gain in this scenario.
@@NationalParkDiaries Check out the list of birds of Hawaii from Wikipedia. Then we could talk about the mammals, reptiles, amphibians and freshwater fish that never would have made it to Hawaii.
Has this happened tremendously fast? Absolutely, and it has pushed a massive wave of extinctions across the islands of Hawaii. But the relevant question is where do we go from here? Some of the invasives in Hawaii are gravely endangered in their homelands. All of the invasives are providing ecological services and are becoming interwoven with the remaining Hawaiian natives. The experiance from Macquarie Island points out the difficulties of removing invasive species even in a simple ecosystem.
I think we need to think how to move forward with the novel ecosystems we have rather than launching on an orgy of killing to try to force it back into the pre-invaded state.
First of all, thanks for your perspective! This is exactly the type of discourse I like to see on this channel, so I appreciate your comment.
As for the question of where to go from here, I'm just not sure using the new "invasive" state is a good benchmark from which to launch off of. No doubt, the "pre-invasive" state is no longer an option either - things are too far gone for that. But, I absolutely think there is justification for native restoration, especially considering the circumstances in which invasives colonized the islands. As I mentioned before, these invasives were brought to the islands upon a mindset of exploitation, with little to no regard for the natural environment that existed there prior to their arrival. If we really want to have healthy ecosystems (not just in Hawaii, but in general), I think we need to move past a mindset of exploitation and domination when it comes to nature - and the invasive species on Hawaii are a symbol of that.
Moreover, I would also push back on the point about all invasives providing ecological services. I don't doubt that some are, but plenty are also causing widespread ecological damage, such as feral pigs or mosquitos bringing avian malaria to name but a few examples.
So, no I don't think a pre-invasive Hawaii is possible, nor a good use of conservation resources, but I also don't think we should just accept the "invasive" state as normal moving forward. There's got to be a balance which puts the restoration of native species as a priority.
Again, thanks for your perspective!
Heads up you spelled “extinctions” wrong in the sad Hawaii facts
Ah, must have slipped through my censors 😂 Thanks for the heads up 👏
The scientific name of the hawaiian goose is actually Nesochen sandvicensis.
The scientific name in the video is according to the IUCN: www.iucnredlist.org/species/22679929/194369606
The US Fish and Wildlife Service also has it listed as that: www.fws.gov/species/hawaiian-goose-branta-sandvicensis
The Branta genus is restricted to only the brant goose, while the other five species are relocated to four separate genera, Nesochen for the hawaiian goose, Rufibrenta for the red-breasted goose, Berniculus for the barnacle goose, and Melanoleucocephalus for both the canada goose and the cackling goose.
@indyreno2933 The names listed in the video are according to the IUCN and the USFWS. The ITIS also has it listed as _Branta_ with _Nesochens_ being a "synonym." www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=175016#null
I'm open to links to the contrary. Just using the official sources I'm familiar with.
Actually, the Branta genus contains only the Brant Goose (Branta bernicla), while the other five extant species are relocated to four separate genera, Rufibrenta for the Red-Breasted Goose (Rufibrenta ruficollis), Berniculus for the Barnacle Goose (Berniculus leucopsis), Melanoleucocephalus for both the Canada Goose (Melanoleucocephalus canadensis) and the Cackling Goose (Melanoleucocephalus hutchinsii), and Nesochen for the Hawaiian Goose (Nesochen sandvicensis), the monotypic genus Branta is the most basal and distantly related from all the other groups, while the monotypic genera Rufibrenta and Berniculus are more closely related to the genus Anser which contains only two extant species being the Greylag Goose (Anser anser) and the Pink-Footed Goose (Anser brachyrhynchus), the polytypic genus Melanoleucocephalus is more closely related to the genera Fabophagus which contains two extant species being the Taiga Bean Goose (Fabophagus fabalis) and the Tundra Bean Goose (Fabophagus serrirostris), Heterochen which contains two extant species being the Greater White-Fronted Goose (Heterochen albifrons) and the Lesser White-Fronted Goose (Heterochen erythropus), and Chen which contains four extant species being the Bar-Headed Goose (Chen indicus), the Emperor Goose (Chen canagicus), the Ross's Goose (Chen rossii), and the Snow Goose (Chen caerulescens), and the monotypic genus Nesochen is more closely related to the genus Cygnopsis which contains only one extant species being the Swan Goose (Cygnopsis cygnoides).
@@indyreno2933 Again, feel free to link your sources.
The scientific name of the hawaiian monk seal is actually Paramonachus schauinslandi.
The scientific name listed in the video is according to the IUCN: www.iucnredlist.org/species/13654/45227978
NOAA also has it listed as that: www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/hawaiian-monk-seal
The Neomonachus genus is restricted to only the extinct caribbean monk seal, which is actually more closely related to the mediterranean monk seal than to the hawaiian monk seal.
@indyreno2933 Feel free to leave a link. The species names in the video are listed by both the IUCN and NOAA, linked above.
Edit: Here's an article from 2014 stating that both the Caribbean (extinct) and Hawaiian Monk Seals (critically endangered) are now listed under _Neomonachus_ after a new study came out: www.sci.news/biology/science-neomonachus-new-genus-monk-seals-01945.html
The Neomonachus genus only contains the extinct caribbean monk seal, while the hawaiian monk seal belongs to a separate genus, which is Paramonachus, the hawaiian monk seal is more closely related to the extinct new zealand monk seal (Eomonachus belegaerensis), while the caribbean monk seal is more closely related to the mediterranean monk seal.
Again, feel free to link your sources. The ITIS has it listed as _Neomonachus_ also: www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=1133135#null
Or they could raft there by chilling on vegitation
It's good for Haleakala national park to have endangered species so they can be protected.