The Fundamental Theorem of Line Integrals // Big Idea & Proof // Vector Calculus

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  • Опубліковано 6 лют 2025
  • Back in 1st year calculus we have seen the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus II, which loosely said that integrating the derivative of a function just gave the difference of the function at the endpoints. That is, what happened in the middle did not matter. In this video we upgrade to the Fundamental Theorem of Line Integrals, which is a generalization of the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. It says that when you take the line integral of a conservative vector field (ie one where the field can be written as the gradient of a scalar potential function), then this line integral is similarly just the difference of the function at the endpoints and is thus path independent - only the endpoints matter. In this video we will motivate this theorem, prove it formally, and connect the idea back to that of conservative vector fields.
    0:00 FToC
    1:24 Fundamental Thm of Line Integrals
    2:50 Proof
    5:33 Conservative Fields
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КОМЕНТАРІ • 72

  • @AnkitKumar-cr3qs
    @AnkitKumar-cr3qs 4 роки тому +24

    Love from India sir

  • @arielfuchs316
    @arielfuchs316 10 місяців тому +2

    This guy will drag me kicking and screaming to an A in my vector calc class

  • @nuralddd
    @nuralddd Рік тому +3

    This proof is so straightforward. Thank you!

  • @Fizikakaalda
    @Fizikakaalda Рік тому +1

    These videos really help me for olymp physics.
    Thanks.

  • @muaadakmal511
    @muaadakmal511 4 роки тому +4

    Ur class really gives a visual feeling of whats really going on.Superbb.I really love ur classes

  • @ishaanmanhar7392
    @ishaanmanhar7392 2 роки тому +48

    who's here a day before their endsems of Calculus?

    • @xentarch
      @xentarch Рік тому +1

      Lmao called me out

    • @amandamoore2868
      @amandamoore2868 9 місяців тому +2

      I'm here prior to my last midterm of calc III lol so yep, pretty much same

    • @mantonrogers1398
      @mantonrogers1398 9 місяців тому +5

      Final in 3 hours

    • @hasandogan3510
      @hasandogan3510 8 місяців тому +2

      Just 20min before

  • @rmbennet
    @rmbennet 4 роки тому +4

    Damn. you guys are flying. We just finished multiple integration. Starting vector calculus next week.

    • @DrTrefor
      @DrTrefor  4 роки тому +1

      haha nice hopefully the whole series will be up in time for you needing it:)

  • @JennieXie-rg2xd
    @JennieXie-rg2xd Рік тому +1

    Love from China sir

  • @hydropage2855
    @hydropage2855 11 місяців тому +1

    God I keep coming back to this video. You are fantastic

  • @savagecabbage42
    @savagecabbage42 Рік тому +3

    The real question is...where'd you get that shirt?! (it looks amazing)

  • @kandagaddalavenkatakiransu5715
    @kandagaddalavenkatakiransu5715 10 місяців тому

    Love from India , and thanks for saying u used Thomas calculus which is the same used for us in classes I'm from nitw

  • @Alannnn14
    @Alannnn14 4 роки тому +15

    As a physics student I find it very interesting since I've been wondering about how to "undo" the gradient to find the potential function related to a certain force field , so imagine this might be the answer, isn't it?
    Sorry for any grammar mistake English is not my first language
    Btw nice t-shirt.

    • @DrTrefor
      @DrTrefor  4 роки тому +7

      Exactly, and indeed we’re going to explore exactly that a bit more in the next video:)

  • @juanmanuelmillansanchez8165
    @juanmanuelmillansanchez8165 4 роки тому +3

    Jajajaja I'll need this for monday, can't thank u enough.

    • @satyambhardwaj2289
      @satyambhardwaj2289 4 роки тому +2

      it's "haha" for god's sake

    • @DrTrefor
      @DrTrefor  4 роки тому +1

      Good luck!

    • @tomatrix7525
      @tomatrix7525 4 роки тому

      @@satyambhardwaj2289 It might be German or Dutch or something like that where ja means yes

  • @brownruns
    @brownruns 3 роки тому +3

    Love your shirt! Do you know where I could buy one?

  • @pratyushraj3916
    @pratyushraj3916 Рік тому +1

    Too good😅

  • @Liam23333-f
    @Liam23333-f 8 місяців тому

    you saved my life

  • @SouravBagchigoogleplus
    @SouravBagchigoogleplus 4 роки тому +2

    Nice T-shirt sir.

  • @eszentmiklossy
    @eszentmiklossy 2 роки тому

    Just a thought but adding differential forms as an extension of Stoke's Theorem could really help. It was in my calc 4 course and really helped me solidify the ideas. Thanks for all your help this semester!

    • @ES-qe1nh
      @ES-qe1nh Рік тому

      !!! he should do this, only thing is that it requires some more rigor than what is assumed in these courses

  • @bulldawg4498
    @bulldawg4498 3 роки тому

    Excellent presentation of this topic! You certainly rival Sal Khan ....

  • @matthewmoser8811
    @matthewmoser8811 10 місяців тому

    Dr. Trefor Bazett, thanks. Super clutch

  • @sirajahmed1705
    @sirajahmed1705 3 роки тому

    Just awsm sir ,, love from India

  • @WallaceGromit88
    @WallaceGromit88 4 роки тому +12

    Where did you get your shirt? It’s pretty cool :P

    • @srs.r6354
      @srs.r6354 3 роки тому +1

      Yes....I want one of those...

  • @imaginary8168
    @imaginary8168 2 роки тому +2

    Hi Dr. Trefor Bazett, do you have a link to the book you mentioned? I'm deeply interested in it.

  • @scrappybuilds
    @scrappybuilds 4 роки тому +1

    You're a cool dude, Dr. Bazett

  • @continnum_radhe-radhe
    @continnum_radhe-radhe 2 роки тому +1

    🔥🔥🔥

  • @GoogleUser-ee8ro
    @GoogleUser-ee8ro Рік тому +1

    excuse my ignorance, is calculus4 a high school curriculum in US or university level calculus?

    • @DrTrefor
      @DrTrefor  Рік тому +3

      usually its in second year university

  • @Sachin-m7c
    @Sachin-m7c 7 місяців тому

    Nice shirt 👕

  • @markpadley890
    @markpadley890 3 роки тому

    Another outstanding explanation - you refer to a textbook - could you give me the reference please?

  • @ramilawijesuriya7259
    @ramilawijesuriya7259 3 роки тому

    Great !!

  • @jaehaerys9194
    @jaehaerys9194 Рік тому

    hey, where did scalar field go

  • @ileanadominguez6055
    @ileanadominguez6055 2 роки тому

    Thank you very much :)

  • @ogunsadebenjaminadeiyin2729
    @ogunsadebenjaminadeiyin2729 4 роки тому +3

    👍

  • @satyambhardwaj2289
    @satyambhardwaj2289 4 роки тому +2

    where to buy that t-shirt?

    • @DrTrefor
      @DrTrefor  4 роки тому +2

      I can't find he exact one, but I have a link in my description to a similar one

  • @MarPabl
    @MarPabl 4 роки тому +3

    First off nice 👕 it'll be useful to learn some 🆒️🕺🏻💃🏻 moves alongside the corresponding functions beneath 😛
    Now regarding the 📽 I 🧡 that you take a theoretical approach with a great presentation & animations to clearly explain the concepts. I would only want to ask you to include just a single & simple ℝ🌎 example to finish understanding the concept.
    I'll 🗣 you a situation I've faced here. You've got several 📽 where an arc length parameterization in "s" is suggested.... but I'm yet to 👀 how that parametrization is actually done. You even have an example there where you use a function for a ⭕ but that one is parameterized in "t" instead of "s"
    And for that lack of an example regarding how to actually get the arc length parametrization I find somewhat ℂ to understand how to apply the results you get 😥
    Finally... will you cover differential forms which can generalize Green & Stokes theorems 🙏🏻❔

    • @DrTrefor
      @DrTrefor  4 роки тому +1

      To get the arclength parameter s(t) this is the integral from a to t of the magnitude of velocity. See the recent vid on curves and parameterizations for more. And yes, stokes is coming soon!

    • @MarPabl
      @MarPabl 4 роки тому

      @@DrTrefor yes I 👁️ it, the one you compared driving the 🚗 based on ⏳ or distance... But you didn't calculate any actual parametrization there 😓

  • @SahilKumar-uc8fn
    @SahilKumar-uc8fn Рік тому

    How can i get these slides?

  • @donotbebiased6987
    @donotbebiased6987 3 роки тому +5

    Nice t shirt

  • @Spazmonkeyorange
    @Spazmonkeyorange 4 місяці тому

    Where can I get that shirt.

  • @a1sharp65
    @a1sharp65 3 роки тому

    If a fluid flow field happens (kind of??) due to gravity, how come gravitational fields are conservative but fluid flows are not (from your examples in the previous video) (is this a dumb question?)

    • @carultch
      @carultch 2 роки тому

      A very interesting question.
      Conservative only really relates to conservation of energy, when the field specifically is a force field. For fluid flows, the vector isn't force, but rather velocity, so it is completely possible for fluid flows to be non-conservative, or rather rotational, even if the energy source is gravity. One cause of fluid flow fields to become non-conservative, is viscous friction with the boundary, which is an energy sink that sends energy to the thermal domain, so this one way a fluid flow field can become rotational, even if driven by a conservative force. The rotational/irrotational is a much better term pair for describing fluid flow fields, while conservative term is much better for force fields. Pure math uses these terms interchangeably, when the application of the field is not relevant.
      For force fields to be non-conservative, there has to be an energy source or sink that moves energy out of the domain of the field. Electromagnetism is full of non-conservative fields, because of ways that it can exchange energy back and forth between its two forms. Newtonian gravity is conservative, but relativistic effects can make it non-conservative. Look up gravitomagnetism if you are curious.

  • @polarcraftvelocentricbudde4345
    @polarcraftvelocentricbudde4345 4 роки тому +1

    that's a very handy shirt.

  • @musakarrar9036
    @musakarrar9036 3 роки тому

    Can you help to solve exercises?

  • @colbeh
    @colbeh 4 роки тому +3

    Nice beard

  • @fadlialim8762
    @fadlialim8762 3 роки тому

    need your tshirt!

  • @T.S101-q7t
    @T.S101-q7t 2 роки тому

    I need that T-shirt

  • @physicslover1950
    @physicslover1950 4 роки тому +4

    How to convert vector fields into scalar functions ?

    • @DrTrefor
      @DrTrefor  4 роки тому +1

      Coming up in the very next video on Sunday!

  • @sumitkumarsahoo7601
    @sumitkumarsahoo7601 3 роки тому +1

    I don't understand the chain rule part, can we write grad(f)=df/dr where dr is a vector plz clarify

  • @aarohgokhale8832
    @aarohgokhale8832 4 роки тому +1

    5:10 hahaha pun intended?