The Double Life of a Fake Jellyfish
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- Опубліковано 30 лип 2024
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I have a clan member called relentless jelly,I'll pass this video on lol
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My most favorite thing about the Stentor, is the golden ratio spiral of cilia to its mouth.
I think it's fair to say that "squishy the jellyfish" is the closest thing to a jellyfish in that tank, so that's a fair title
Sounds fair to me.
Also pretty sure it's a Finding Nemo reference when Dory finds the small jellyfish.
We love Squishy 🙂
Yes
I live in Southern Missouri with “fens” or swamps that have had ecosystems evolve completely separate from other bodies of water. I’d like to send samples some time.
Oh that would be cool
You can tell Hank loves narrating these videos
I really prefer the other hosts
@@smokeydude3 I am the complete opposite, i do not like the other hosts but i find Hank's voice calming.
Hank fart
ed
I mean, who woulldn't love to narrate the tales of Squishy the Jellyfish
Cniderians are some of the oldest multicellular organisms in existence. They hit on an incredibly effective evolutionary strategy over 600 million years ago & have diversified into a truly vast number of species (11,000 known, however most are still unknown to science), operating at all levels of the ocean.
Despite having gelatinous bodies, which are mostly water, they actually make up a significant proportion of all the biomass on Earth - an estimated 0.1 Gigatonnes of Carbon.
They also constitute an important mechanism for carbon sequestration, through jelly-falls!
thats a lot of jelly.
This is actually really interesting!
And because they are the oldest they still are very archaic, for the most part the same jellyfishes that swan among the trilobites in the Cambrian are swimming with us right now.
Not quite the oldest multicellular organisms, as multicellular algae(specifically red and green algae) fossils have been found dating back to the Mesoproterozoic but they were certainly among the first animals more complex than sponges.
Also should note that we know know Cnidarians form a sister group to the bilaterians with the bilaterian ancestral genome showing signs of having double copies of major genes of the conserved cnidarian genome a signature of something called polyploidy which is common in plants but rare in animals though when it occurs in animals it generally results in the formation of a new phylum with many of evolutions most innovative features with bilateral symmetry being one of the key ones as the duplicate HOX genes allowed the formation of a second chemical gradient such that cells could "know" their position in two directions(hence bilateral) rather than just one(radial) in order to properly differentiate into the right kind of cell.
At some point in the Neoproterozoic our ancestors split off from our Cnidarian cousins radial symmetry seems to have been a prerequisite for our more complex cell differentiation.
Not sure where Ctenophores fit into the picture as we know know they are their own distinct lineage of animals that form their body axis and their tissues differentiate a different way from cnidarians and bilaterians. It seems likely that part of the difficulty may be that despite a surprisingly significant Lagerstatten fossil record for a gelatinous bodied animal that dates back to at least the early the Cambrian and potentially the Ediacaran modern ctenophores appear to all be descended from a common ancestor which surprisingly according to molecular clock estimates most likely lived around the time of the end Cretaceous mass extinction ~66Mya suggesting they may have been hit particularly hard a common trend among pelagic organisms.
The possibility that ctenophores a similarly ancient clade of animals to cnidarians may have almost been completely wiped out by the KPg extinction really makes me wonder what sort of cnidarian diversity there may have been during the late Cretaceous that we will likely never know about.
Squishy's "tentacles" (or whatever they are called) look like diamonds on a fine chain. A fascinating video.
i was thinking the same thing! makes me think of a very delicate string of pearls my grandma had
I thought I was crazy the first time I saw a jellyfish in my coral tank.
First time I saw one at an aquarium, my brain was just flabbergasted. They're so cool and alien. Really awesome!
I have pineapple jellies. I think that's what they are called. They are tiny and attach to the tank walls in their second stage They are maybe a couple millimeters long or so. Pretty interesting once I figured out what they were. I don't see them as much any more now my tank is more mature, but there might still be a couple in my overflow.
Technically cnidarians of the class Anthozoa the anemones and true corals don't have a medusae stage since they have independently evolved bilateral symmetry with more motile free swimming planula able to feed independently as a planula but some other hydrozoan corals do indeed produce medusae.
i used to mistake these for tiny box jellies in my tank because they superficially resemble cubozoa with their rings of cnidocytes on their tentacles and well-developed ocelli, but found out later they were hydrozoan instead of cubozoan
I was thinking the same thing. I was like James better be careful with that jellyfish
And what else did you have in that tank?
James, your microscopy never ceases to amaze me. Beautiful work!
There is not a single thing I would change about this channel. Not one. Thanks for doing all of this.
I think they're trying to say that James lives in space.
Not near the ocean? Monthly deliveries? Microscope? Makes videos of aliens?
Oh yeah. It's all comin' together now.
I don't follow your logic. The first three things you listed are very common and astronauts don't make videos of aliens (or if they do it's a shockingly well-kept secret)
@@nowandaround312 I think it was a joke.
I love Hank’s library voice.
I love this channel, it not only lets you learn about organisms that you can’t normally see but also is completely relaxing to watch or just listen to! Thank you for all the great work you put into this channel, I find it gives me a bit of sanity in this unique world we live in today x
Does James ever need more samples sent to him?
I'm gonna be living on the island of Hawai'i again soon. maybe have some interesting stuff in the freshwater and saltwater samples.
I'm also adv open water scuba certified, love free diving, and former boat capt. So I can get samples at depths down to say 90ft or so.
There's also Mauna Kea and Volcano National Park which might have some interesting water samples from their unique ecosystems.
I would love to contribute if he wants some samples sent to him. You guys are my favorite channel on UA-cam... IDK why you guys don't have 5 million subs yet X)
These videos never fail to entertain and educate. Thanks for doing this.
Excited to finally see a video, thats about something i recently microscoped myself.
Cnidaria are super interesting and the Metagenese cycle with its shift towards Medusa or Polyps from species to species is super interesting!
sadly Hydra are super lazy and i couldnt get a look at one eating some prey
I went and got a jug of gulf water for some brine shrimp and it turned into a jellyfish farm!
Squishy the jellyfish in my new spirit animal.
Oh no. I just released my own UA-cam video about jellyfish a few days ago and I'm horrified to discover that I pronounced "scyphozoa" incorrectly multiple times.
Forget being monkey or lizard, imagine being squishy, just floating around, living a peaceful life while instantly having sex the moment you exist, and being praised for taking over your territory and overall helping your species, and also wooing the scientists looking at you through a microscope. Better than paying stupid bills and knowing sadness.
Return to jelly
Is squishy one or many?
We do not know.
Might be a collective
Something in between a colony and a whole!
So you can be a gonad
A mouth
Or perhaps the part that has to give them transport around the ocean
Or the bodyguard of stingers
@@BigBoolinScienceMan "Return to Slime - Theme of the Slime god" Intensifies
I recall a lecture from my university days where a researcher presented who was looking at asexual reproduction in Cnidarians. I think I remember one point he made being that there are only a limited number of generations a single Cnidaria can go through using asexual reproduction. I think his lab was trying to identify what factors controlled this limitation. I wish I could remember more now. It was fascinating!
I love this channel so much. Makes my day when there's a new video.
"I shall call him squishy and he shall be mine. And he shall be my squishy..."
Came here to post exactly that 🐟
Always nice to see surprises in the unseen world that surrounds us
Did James get bitten by squishy?
How the heck does a reproduction strategy like this evolve? I can understand one or the other, but somehow developing, piece by piece, the ability to exercise a whole second kind of reproduction when you already have one? That hurts my head. Jumping genes? Host-prey transfer? Viral transfer? Bacterial symbiosis? Which type came first? Are they more related to other organisms that are sexual or asexual? So many questions!
Its an interesting question perhaps one interesting bit of information is that not all cnidarians possess a Medusae stage in particular the Anthozoans(true corals and anemones) lack medusae whatsoever reproducing sexually as polyps instead. So the medusae probably came later with anthozoans having instead evolved bilateral symmetry in their planulae stage to allow their larvae to feed as planula and seek out more distant and potentially more ideal spots to attach themselves and mature into polyps.
That said it is not uncommon for eukaryotic organisms to have separate asexual and sexual reproduction strategies in fact there isn't much of a distinction between somatic cell replication and asexual reproduction other than that the new cells separate completely. Asexual reproduction tends to lead to the accumulation of harmful mutations as does life well living in a messy environment with radiation viruses etc.. However due to these mutations being largely random nature(barring protected sections of the genome which are more guarded against mutations due to them being much more important) they can be largely fixed by sexual reproduction as it is extremely improbable for the mistakes to be in the same positions hence why both might be advantageous.
This doesn't answer where sexual reproduction or its unicellular counterpart conjugation came from however.
The origin of meiosis can be naturally explained under the viral Eukaryogenesis hypothesis which notes the shared morphological structure of a Eukaryotic nucleolus and the viral replication factories of Nucleocytoplasmic Linear/Large DNA Viruses and the shared genetic ancestry of this family of viruses and the conserved core of Eukaryotic genomes which has been shown to predate the Last Eukaryotic Common Ancestor by molecular clock estimation. This given Eukaryotes featuring the decoupled translation from transcription seen in all viruses during their "living virocell stage which works in a fundamentally different manner from the coupled transcription and translation seen in all bacteria and archaea studied thus far and it looks increasingly probable that meiosis aka sex is a modified form of viral recombination which is used by many viruses as both an important form of error correction but also a potent way to undergo rapid mutations quickly.
This is truly compelling content. I could not look away.
SQUISHYYYYYY!!!!!
We totally need a "Squishy The Jellyfish" T-shirt.
This series is so fantastic!
thank you for uploading right when I need some relaxation! ❤
Same!
This episode ticked all the boxes for me today. Awesome job, both of you
To watch a JTTM video is to like the video.
This is Hank at his euphonious best.
Come on viewers, you can at least click the Thumbs-up button, can't you?
Squishy prefers the term 'Aspiring Jellyfish', I'm sure.
This is the best jelly video yet this year! Thanks!
"Would you like a jelly baby?"
James: "Oh, no thank you, I've plenty already."
Any way we could convince you guys to do a live stream of the migration as it happens in the tank?
Maybe even give each one a name and have a race?
I don't know if it's possible on a micro scale but I'd love to hear you talk about sponges.
They are super cool, basically constantly rearranging their cells
Tiny jellies are so cute!
the more details we hear about James the more interesting he seems xD Gotta admire ppl so dedicated to their passions
Enjoyed your video so I gave it a Thumbs Up
Nice video. Very informative.thanks
I did not realize hydras were not true jellies but I still love them just the same.
Fantastic job to James, that hydra is now my background.
i shall call him Squishy and he shall be mine and he shall be my Squishy
It's funny to me that a bunch of species' reproductive strategy is just "YEET"
Finally vid on a jelly!
I really love your videos. I'm trying, but I don't think I will ever achieve such clarity in my videos 🔬
I wonder if squishy the jellyfish is still alive as of the posting of this video
Given that some kinds of Cniderians are functionally immortal, if not Squishy Prime, then certainly one, or more of his clones will be pulsing away in a sunny area of the tank, somewhere.
I’ve herd so many nightmare stories about hydra and Medusa in fish tanks 😅
Amazing 👏
😅😅well information good show 😅
The amount of detail is just astounding. Too bad the high detail is only possible on slivers at a time.
Is it not possible to generate a fully crisp image by going through different zoom states quick and filter out everything which is not in focus?
I bet it would have plenty of latency for each frame, but it would be cool to experiment with something like that.
The merch has is giving me a serious Magic School Bus vibe 🙂
[me listening] "... is this fkn Hank Green??"
Love you man
Please tell James that I love him and his work.
Incredible
Amazing 👏 so cool
Would love an episode on freshwater jellyfish
Very cool
Let me get this straight:
The polyp reproduces ASEXUALLY to produce identical medusas.
The medusas reproduce SEXUALLY to produce divergent polyps.
Is that right? We get genetic variety FROM medusas, which creates unique polyps, but polyps produce IDENTICAL medusas.
Yes that is correct
Identical medusas= the separate functioning 'organs'
But the medusas only make the initial factory
But do we we since we can fertilize or produce an egg but in the end the egg divides itself into separate functioning cells it is just that a hydrazone instead of dividing in cells these are classed as separate organisms. So where is the dividing line between a vertebrates cell divisions and polyps specialised asexual reproduction in the way that animal cell division is a bit like asexual reproduction.
I bet they're like _so_ jelly of the real jellyfish, they like can't even!
You ever get any ctenophores in the tank?
yay for squishy!!
So beautiful and delicate. I love squishy jellyfish, that aren't really jellyfish. 😉🙏🕊
How do you get those gold particles in the organismens to shine?
How much would a good microsccope run me if I were to be interested in micros like these?
Can you take a mitochondria from a cell and put it in another?
"Squishy the Jellyfish"? ROTFL!!
You guys should collect and analyze biofilm off of Catapa leaves (used in shrimp tanks to grow it).
if they’re going to do that, i’d like to see a fuller sample: catappa, oak, lotus pod, mulburry, alder cones. It’d be neat to see the differences
As amazing as Squishy is, my favorite jellyfish is still Swedish Fish.
looks less like a JellyFish, and more like a Metroid.
Squishy is beautiful 💜.
@James/Journeytothemicroscope/ Big Shoutout to The Master of Microscopes. 😊👍🏾
*gasp* it’s a fake!
Sus!
Polyp/medusa seems kind of analogous to sporophyte/gametophyte alternation in plants.
Why not explain the physiological difference between Medusa of both classes of cynidarians?
Hydrozoa got options, y'all, and they are all cool to look at.
Do the Squishies ever detach from the polyp
Random Hydrazoan waking up in an incredibly dense new home: Man this some gourmet shit
WOW WOW, Life is SO AMAZING
Holy shit, some weeks ago I saw a very similar animal to this in my tank, it is freshwater do. Are these animals able to live in freshwater? Or are there similar freshwater species?
give us updates on squishy!
So these jellyfishes play both Wide and Tall to spread their empire. I see :D
What makes them different from jelly fish?
i wish I can send some sand from my country. would be interesting what shows up in our beaches
Squishy is kinda cute; are those eyelike organs @ the bases of it's tentacles?
I guess "Squishy the Hydrozoan" doesn't quite have the same ring to it
Prosaic video. I wonder how long microbes can survive in the sealed bottles of seawater and sand if Moerisia could remain after 1 year.
Hydrozoans, particularly Siphonophores, have to be, in my opinion, some of the most interesting animals alive on Earth.
Y'all should make a game
Could anyone tell me what the units mean in the bottom right of the screen? It's usually between 20 and 50 but I have no idea what it means and would like to know! Please and thank you.
Those are scale bars to give an estimate of the size of the specimens you are viewing. For this type of microscope, they are usually in micrometers (μm), where the Greek letter "μ" (mu) means micro and "m" stands for meter. One micrometer = 1/1,000,000 of a meter, or 1/1,000 of a millimeter.
@@rustyshackleford9888 thank you very much! You explained that well.
Off topic but I have a question: how would cilia do if ciliates are larger. seeing some use cilia to filter feed by vacuuming shit into itself i wonder why larger animals do not use cilia.
Cilia are a common structural feature in the cells of many animals, and many use them for locomotion and/or filter feeding, including ctenophores, sponges, and the larvae of many invertebrates.
Ctenophores (comb jellies) are macroscopic animals that use large cilia to swim and feed. They are the largest organisms known to use cilia in this way and are one of the oldest animal lineages still around (if not the oldest), having been beating their cilia for ~700+ million years. Their cilia are fused together in comb-like plates that run in eight rows along their bodies (the name "ctenophore" means "comb bearer). If you look up videos of ctenophores, one of the most striking things about them is how their cilia diffract light shone on them, creating a really cool prismatic, rainbow light show.
Sponges also use special cilia to create the currents of water that pass through the cavities in the sponge to bring in food, while other cilia within those pores are covered in mucus and capture that food.
Humans also have small cilia in different cell types all over our bodies, including in our gut and respiratory tract, where they help pass food along or remove particles from our lungs.
@@rustyshackleford9888 wow thanks for the answer! definitely didn't know sponges could do such a thing. i've heard of tubular objects in our body that moves things but didn't know they are cilia too, learning everyday!
@@niconiconii4561 no problem!
Aw hell nah, jelly gatekeepin
I think the noise cancelling was turned up on this one, based on how the audio keeps fading in and out
What about the peanut butter fish?
Are these clips in real time, sped up, or slowed down?
Everything is in real time unless otherwise noted.
double life:
feeling sexy +
looking good
I've been there myself!
My partner wants a Squishy the Jellyfish plushy.
Kay:"There's always an Arquillian Battle Cruiser, or a Korilian Death Ray, or an intergalactic plague that is about to wipe out all life on this miserable planet. The only way these people can get on with their happy lives is that they "do not know about it!"
Does James know where Squishy came from? Which ocean?
He needs frozen icecap samples or thawing tundra.