Nice video, really interesting to see analysis of the end product. Would be cool to see similarly styled videos, especially one that uses your GC/MS machine.
Wooh a new video! EDIT: the phenol not dissolving completely could be due to it getting cold so warming the solution might have dissolved it completely
I *really* want to see more of these garage chemist techniques, but not for your humor - thank you it's great - , but to see what all the byproducts side products and waste products really are! The average garage chemist does not have access to the equipment you do. I think a lot of us have waste buckets that we don't have any idea what's in them and should.
I would like to suggest that the pressure for the dissolution was calculated at 1 atm, and that the pressure inside the fume hood was an unnoticeable amount LESS than 1 atm, so that’s why the phenol crashed out a little bit. I present the exhibit as evidence, that the sliding opening of the fume hood is perhaps not enough area to match the suction pressure (pounds/ft^2) area (ft^2). Hence the effectiveness of the hood... yet the difference in physical conditions...
The phenol dissolving in the very small amount of water seems surprising, but it's more like the water forms a low-melting mixture with the phenol. If you had added more water, you would have gotten two layers.
Great video. But for someone who has to outsource the analytical part, what would you suggest is the best way to store and preserve the samples from both phases?
My go to for sample storage is an amber glass container that you then place in a refrigerator. It is the best way to keep most materials stable over time.
I had a question about the yield of polysubstituted derivatives. What do you think the major product would be if I reacted Phenol with Concenctrated HNO3? The text I'm studying from says picric acid, but the yield is apparently poor, so was interested in what the major product would actually be
About the wet sample: you must have so many high-vacuum pumps in the lab, I‘m sure even the one on the rotary evaporator could be used for drying small samples of compound :)
@@MooreAnalytical the hardest part of chemistry for me, is keeping my excitement in check. It feels almost like a magic when a synthesis goes correctly.
Are you sure the fumes were nitrating the phenol in the addition funnel, I would have thought that those fumes would be NOx not nitric acid at those temperatures 🤔 6:06 I'm jealous of your rotovap
I believe I said the wrong thing then because the red color in the has phase is most definitely NOx. But that does not mean there is not a liquid mist containing nitric in the headspace as well. Either way, lots of nitrogen shenanigans going on here.
@@MooreAnalytical no worries 😉 I do the same in my videos. I commented pretty early on in watching this video. I was really impressed with the equipment you have there especially the rotovap and NMR machine at the end. Good to see this level of work up on UA-cam, I just wish I had access to an NMR machine... 😩
I'm surprised that you added the phenol to the nitric acid rather than the other way around. Excess nitric acid would theoretically lead to poly-nitration, something that readily happens with phenol.
Quick question.. where did you get that red rubber vacuum tubing? It's hit or miss to find good quality red rubber vacuum tubing, or ridiculously expensive.
Is there a reason you added the phenol to the nitric acid instead of the other way round? Does it matter? Bc i feel like adding the nitric acid to the phenol would prevent the fumes from nitrating the phenol early
I believe it actually does matter and I only thought about that after the experiment was running. I went back to check my notes in a panic and found that I should have done it the other way around for the exact reason you mentioned. It’s one of those things that gets away from me when I am excited about getting an experiment going. Good lesson on taking your time.
+MooreAnalytical Hey, nice video! This type of analysis on a few somewhat obscure compounds would get my attention.. Example, Ni Bis-Aminoguanidine Di-perchlorate. Would be super cool to see the workup.
It's great to see professional analysis with proper equipment in youtube chemistry videos. One question: you ended up with a rather clean product, but my understanding of this sort of nitration reaction is that there should have been a non-negligible amount of para- and maybe even some meta-nitrated side reactions. The dark "tar" appearance of the crude reaction mixture would seem to confirm that. Did your choice of reaction and workup conditions really prevent those?
The reaction absolutely makes other isomers aside from the ortho-phenol. However the work up (steam distillation in this case) is what allows for a clean separation of the ortho product since it forms an azeotrope with water and leaves behind the other nitrated products. It is also my understanding that the other dominant product is the para- product and that the meta- position is not readily formed, but I could be wrong on that. I have another procedure to work up the "tar" I just have not got around to it.
@@MooreAnalytical Ah, ok, wasn't aware of the azeotrope. Nice way to get your product. Also, from what I recall, the meta position gets nitrated in low single digit percentages depending on conditions. Very nice video, looking forward to the next.
@@MooreAnalytical you are right, the nitration on meta position is not preferred since the electronic effects of hydroxy group of phenol are pushing electrons to ortho and para positions making them highly nucleophilic. Meta position is not affected that's why it's not preferred
@@MooreAnalytical you welcome! I really like the product analysis, this is what I miss in the most of videos. In my amateur lab I was limited to melting/boiling point an TLC. Benchtop NMR seems like a heaven - the resolution is good enough to get meaningful spectra and allows to do a lot once someone knows how to read it. Having that it's literally possible to do a fully fledged chemical research in the basement. Oh, I love it. Maybe some day I will get mine as well ;) Waiting for more of your videos!
That whole line of you just flexing your rotovap on us :DD
Thanks. I really enjoyed this. Fantastic to have such good analytical gear.
Thank you! I am very lucky to have the analytical equipment. I am hoping to add more at some point.
Got that rotovap swag. Nice video.
just discovered your channel from scienceMadness, really clean and professional presentation, subscribed and expect to see more from you in the future
Who is he from SM?
@@morningstarsci Bmoore55
WHERE HAVE YOU BEEN ALL MY LIFE, looking forward for more awesome content like this
Love having access to a rotovap, it’s one of the best parts of doing chem in a lab lol
This is a great channel. I’m surprised was only shown it recently. I’ve thought analytical has been absent from UA-cam.
Nice video, really interesting to see analysis of the end product. Would be cool to see similarly styled videos, especially one that uses your GC/MS machine.
That one is probably next on my list.
Wooh a new video!
EDIT: the phenol not dissolving completely could be due to it getting cold so warming the solution might have dissolved it completely
Uh oh. This looks like yellow chemistry.
30:40. Suggestion: Regarding what water in the sample 22:48. Please show us the difference between NMR of dry sample vs sample contaminated with H2O.
I *really* want to see more of these garage chemist techniques, but not for your humor - thank you it's great - , but to see what all the byproducts side products and waste products really are! The average garage chemist does not have access to the equipment you do.
I think a lot of us have waste buckets that we don't have any idea what's in them and should.
So is that something you can help us out with?
I would like to suggest that the pressure for the dissolution was calculated at 1 atm, and that the pressure inside the fume hood was an unnoticeable amount LESS than 1 atm, so that’s why the phenol crashed out a little bit. I present the exhibit as evidence, that the sliding opening of the fume hood is perhaps not enough area to match the suction pressure (pounds/ft^2) area (ft^2). Hence the effectiveness of the hood... yet the difference in physical conditions...
Very nice! I am surprised to see the sample loop in NMR, I am too used to standard NMR tubes.
what usually works best for seeing the seperation of tar vs tar layer is a UV flashlight (385nm)
Kindly manufacturer para amino phenol by using nitrobenzene in the presence of catalyst
The phenol dissolving in the very small amount of water seems surprising, but it's more like the water forms a low-melting mixture with the phenol. If you had added more water, you would have gotten two layers.
Add some oil or water to the thermocouple well to allow better heat transfer.
Great video. But for someone who has to outsource the analytical part, what would you suggest is the best way to store and preserve the samples from both phases?
My go to for sample storage is an amber glass container that you then place in a refrigerator. It is the best way to keep most materials stable over time.
I had a question about the yield of polysubstituted derivatives. What do you think the major product would be if I reacted Phenol with Concenctrated HNO3? The text I'm studying from says picric acid, but the yield is apparently poor, so was interested in what the major product would actually be
Your rotovap is a really nice one. The one i had was nowhere near as spiffy. 🤓
About the wet sample: you must have so many high-vacuum pumps in the lab, I‘m sure even the one on the rotary evaporator could be used for drying small samples of compound :)
You are absolutely right, I just didn’t dry it properly. I was too excited that I did the synth correctly and got a little ahead of myself.
@@MooreAnalytical the hardest part of chemistry for me, is keeping my excitement in check. It feels almost like a magic when a synthesis goes correctly.
@@tek4 all the more reason why my passion/hobby turned into a career in the subject.
Nobody says anything about clean up
Do u insure produce p_Nitro phenol and there is not any o_Nitro phenol?
Are you sure the fumes were nitrating the phenol in the addition funnel, I would have thought that those fumes would be NOx not nitric acid at those temperatures 🤔 6:06
I'm jealous of your rotovap
I believe I said the wrong thing then because the red color in the has phase is most definitely NOx. But that does not mean there is not a liquid mist containing nitric in the headspace as well. Either way, lots of nitrogen shenanigans going on here.
@@MooreAnalytical no worries 😉 I do the same in my videos.
I commented pretty early on in watching this video. I was really impressed with the equipment you have there especially the rotovap and NMR machine at the end. Good to see this level of work up on UA-cam, I just wish I had access to an NMR machine... 😩
I would be curious about some of the details of how FT-IR and NMR work, if that makes sense for your channel :)
I can definitely go into more detail in the future.
@@MooreAnalytical Weehee ! :)
I'm surprised that you added the phenol to the nitric acid rather than the other way around. Excess nitric acid would theoretically lead to poly-nitration, something that readily happens with phenol.
nice lab
What would a bench top NMR set back a hobby chemist?!
Quick question.. where did you get that red rubber vacuum tubing? It's hit or miss to find good quality red rubber vacuum tubing, or ridiculously expensive.
I actually found it on Amazon of all places. It was not exactly cheap, but cheaper than any scientific supply place online.
Is there a reason you added the phenol to the nitric acid instead of the other way round? Does it matter? Bc i feel like adding the nitric acid to the phenol would prevent the fumes from nitrating the phenol early
I believe it actually does matter and I only thought about that after the experiment was running. I went back to check my notes in a panic and found that I should have done it the other way around for the exact reason you mentioned. It’s one of those things that gets away from me when I am excited about getting an experiment going. Good lesson on taking your time.
+MooreAnalytical Hey, nice video! This type of analysis on a few somewhat obscure compounds would get my attention.. Example, Ni Bis-Aminoguanidine Di-perchlorate. Would be super cool to see the workup.
Great suggestion! Do you have a specific synthesis as a reference?
@@derekturner3272 copied and saved, thank you!
@@MooreAnalytical If you need donations of constituents, let me know.
It's great to see professional analysis with proper equipment in youtube chemistry videos. One question: you ended up with a rather clean product, but my understanding of this sort of nitration reaction is that there should have been a non-negligible amount of para- and maybe even some meta-nitrated side reactions. The dark "tar" appearance of the crude reaction mixture would seem to confirm that. Did your choice of reaction and workup conditions really prevent those?
The reaction absolutely makes other isomers aside from the ortho-phenol. However the work up (steam distillation in this case) is what allows for a clean separation of the ortho product since it forms an azeotrope with water and leaves behind the other nitrated products. It is also my understanding that the other dominant product is the para- product and that the meta- position is not readily formed, but I could be wrong on that. I have another procedure to work up the "tar" I just have not got around to it.
@@MooreAnalytical Ah, ok, wasn't aware of the azeotrope. Nice way to get your product. Also, from what I recall, the meta position gets nitrated in low single digit percentages depending on conditions. Very nice video, looking forward to the next.
@@MooreAnalytical you are right, the nitration on meta position is not preferred since the electronic effects of hydroxy group of phenol are pushing electrons to ortho and para positions making them highly nucleophilic. Meta position is not affected that's why it's not preferred
@@quantrox8191 I knew I was not just making that up lol. Thank you for the explanation!
@@MooreAnalytical you welcome!
I really like the product analysis, this is what I miss in the most of videos. In my amateur lab I was limited to melting/boiling point an TLC. Benchtop NMR seems like a heaven - the resolution is good enough to get meaningful spectra and allows to do a lot once someone knows how to read it. Having that it's literally possible to do a fully fledged chemical research in the basement. Oh, I love it. Maybe some day I will get mine as well ;)
Waiting for more of your videos!
cool
surprised you didn't triturate under water during the water wash step 20:35
U literally look like the gigachad meme.
Pretty gigachad in the lab too. Laboy glassware, nice fume hoods, killer rotovap, benchtop NMR lmao.
You should invite NileRed over...
Oops beaker... Nice tip.
Ok but how is no one talking about the fact that he is lowkey hot 🫥
You are so cute 🥰