I used to dismiss people who said they felt like they were born in the wrong era but when I heard you talking about the Ordovician period, it hit hard that I was born 445 million years too late. No need to be fast, agile, handsome, strong, smart, or anything good? I know an inconspicuous chordate who is none of those things! (It's me - I'm the inconspicuous chordate.)
I really hope you're just joking, because everyone has worth and is good. There's no need to be down on yourself. All of us are special and mean something to others and, even if we don't realize it, our actions affect other people in ways we'll never know. The world will kick us around enough that we don't need to put ourselves down. I wish you well.
The step by step detail of the "Great Dying" was well done. I went from thinking of it as "how did so many species die?" to "how did anything survive?"
The LEADING TOUGHT - Who Survive and How and Most Important- WHY!!!???😮😮😮😢😢😢😅😊❤Sometimes the RIGHT QUESTION IS More Important than the Answer(s)!!!!....,......?
I think the key is the fact that all of this happened over a period of millions of years, so it was possible for some organisms to just barely adapt fast enough to survive. If I had to guess, I'd say the ones that did where those in the deep ocean (where temperatures would've been slightly cooler), or those that were small and had rapid generation times, and thus could adapt more rapidly.
It’s pretty nice to see, its an effective way to prove something that is a fact that we brush off and thinking that human/life extinction is far. I have no regrets if we ever reached that point we deserved it ngl, it would be sad if there would never be anything like earth anymore though but eh fux us its literally happening right now
A terrifying and insanely interesting fact: Many, if not most rattlesnakes in Texas have stopped shaking their rattle. It makes sense. After a few hundred years of humans zealously tracking down and killing any rattlesnake they hear it's the ones that don't that survive. A mini-evolution moment that is very instructive.
We've also reduced the average and maximum size of several sea creatures we eat thanks to laws requiring fishermen to throw back the ones that are too small. The laws are intended to ensure that only older animals get eaten, but they end up selecting for individuals that never grow beyond that size.
@@thanksfernuthin "Their area". Snakes don't have a concept of properties rights. Snakes don't get to challenge a farmer in court when they decide to replace wild lands with cultivated crops. Snakes live where they've always lived, because they have no other option. We're the invasive species. (And no, I'm not saying we could or should do otherwise. Species have always eradicated each other when new critters invade the historic lands of incumbents. The difference is that we have the capability to understand what we've done.)
@@altrag Wow. That's a lot to say "we shouldn't do otherwise". You go through quite a bit to damn humanity only to recognize they have a right to defend themselves as well. Keep hating humans and tell everyone you know! We need to know when people like you are around.
First mass extinction was like 2.1 billion years ago Jellyfish are only 635 million years old Maybe the last 4-5 yeah but not the first ones before cryogenian
@blorf6167 - I saw a video on the "PBS Eons" channel that discussed the super critter that lived through so much dying - the sponges! They 'wiped out' the competition and 'scrubbed clean' a path for survival and are still here today.
This was outstanding. One of the best researched and produced nature videos I have ever experienced. It should be played at theaters, and streamed on Netflix. And distributed to classrooms everywhere. Very well done, Erika.
@@leothenomad5675 -- Absolutely! Every bit of this information is based on nothing but theories and imagination. Nearly ALL of the dinosaurs and other life was reconstructed from a few bone or fossil fragments and are NOT based on anything else. This whole video is nothing more than a compilation of all of the theories and SWAGS (silly wild assssss guesses) of pseudo-scientists! These people take the tooth or bone fragment of a whale and create a stegosaurus or other imaginary animal. All of the systems used for dating these supposed fossil remains have been proven to be inaccurate. NOT ONE SINGLE THING that was mentioned in this video is proven fact!
"But a new organism had evolved, a creature capable of manipulating its environment in the form of burrowing, this animal is the humble penis worm" "Humans are modern penis wormds" So deep...
I was thinking based off the thumbnail this history lesson was gonna be about how frontward facing eyes are the most predatory adaptation any creature could evolve and how its carried throughout history. The actual subject of this lesson is still very awesome.
Same. I was in Tampa in 2004, hunkering in a college dorm while three hurricanes smacked the bay area back to back. It was intense. I think of that dorm being crumbled to flying rubble every time I think about hypercanes.
I lived in Florida during Ivan, Ian and Idalia. I was a baby during Ivan, and most of my family evacuated beforehand, but my mom stayed behind. I remember Ian and idalia. I sat through those storms.
This was absolutely incredible. The video tells a story that is so epic, and yet gets ignored. I can't believe I went my whole life not hearing about some of these things. Thank you for all the work you put into these videos!
It was fascinating to learn that rivers used to be braided, forcing their way through rocky terrain and overall poorly drained before trees developed and broke the rock into soil.
Was it just the trees though? When did fungus come into the picture? These days, many species of wild plants need fungus in order to access nutrients and minerals.
@@DemstarAus Very True, Very True!! I just learned that trees didn't really flourish and become capable of those large deep roots systems without the partnership with certain types of fungi, I can't remember the exact name but I think it started with a "myo-" at the beginning of it's long name of the type that cooperates with trees and roots systems, communicating and trading nitrates for waters and sugars.... Another interesting video/channel I would suggest is Plant Maps the young man who narrates and hosts it is just as eloquent as this young lady who hosted this video... And his format of putting scientific information into visual maps is another way of learning such valuable information, especially for those who are more visual learners...
I don't have the words to express how impressive this was... Gutsic Gibbon keep improving the content creation craft to beyond the highest educational TV standards, but still manages to get the knowledge expressed like it's an engaging entertainment show, what an absolutely brilliant teacher she is!
Yes, this is a stunningly well done documentary. Fully the equal to, and honestly, superior to anything I’ve ever seen on PBS. If she decides to go into teaching at the university level her students will be clamoring to get into her classes!
I wholeheartedly agree. She doesn't have a bull ring hanging out of her nose , tattoos all over her and and a face full of make up. She doesn't copy Milo's style and her video isn't a series of 15 second videos stitched together. ( Do y'all know whom I am comparing her to?) This is not a video of rehashed crap I have seen over and over again. I actually learned quite a bit from it ,which hasn't happened in quite some time. Many well wishes to this lovely ,young lady.
It is spelt "Gutsick". It isn't educational. It does not seek permission from sources of pictures and videos therefore FAR below television standards. Anything entertaining by definition is not educational. Unless she has a licence she cannot be considered an instructor or teacher. I apologise if you are under 10 because you must be.
1:01:40 I love how you added the detail of the meteor's speed. Most depictions of meteoric impacts show the impactor almost lazily falling through the sky, but in fact, most objects are screaming through space at these absolutely break-neck speeds relative to Earth. When a meteor glances off the atmospere like the one over Chelyabinsk, they're so high up there that it gives a false perspective to the speed at which it looks like it's flying. Passenger planes fly at about 40 thousand feet, but the Chelyabinsk meteor glanced off Earth's atmosphere at 97 thousand feet, blasting windows out as it tore ass across the sky, before being completely gone and outbound within a few seconds.
I didn’t know I needed to spend almost 80 minutes of my life learning about mass extinctions, but it turns out I did. Excellent, excellent, work! Thank you.
I can't wait to share this with my grandkids as an example of what passion for science looks like. Thank you, Erika, for providing this outstanding resource for all of us to share.
She should learn to structure her talk though. The structure is a mess. What a waste of work. She could easily double her reach. I stopped watching after minutes. Because I know most of this. And her structure does not allow me to discover if there are relevant parts for me. What a waste of potential. She is female, so youtube WILL help and push her as much as possible. All she has to do is put proper presentation structure in.
Indeed, we're not "good" at pattern recognition, we are paranoid about pattern recognition. Those who weren't paranoid about pattern recognition got taken by lions after all.
Yeah, it is one of our greatest strengths, and greatest weaknesses. Like- legit, in both war and even normal life you'll find that people get so caught in a 'pattern' that doesn't exist they'll walk out in front of a semi literally and not. Like some military coded signals by just adding gibberish in intervals through the real message. And it'll work for years because SURELY THAT GIBBERISH ISN'T GIBBERISH IT MEANS SOMETHING. Or being so used to walking across the sideway when the light is red being safe you forgot to actually *look* to check it's safe.
Definitely one of the best videos I have ever watched on UA-cam. I barely know anything about this stuff and yet was captivated from the very start all the way to the end. No high budget CGI, no extravagant cinematography or animation just straight up beautiful storytelling. You should be incredibly proud of this.
It is great and the music choices too! But like most videos it wasn’t perfect, some animal names/facts were wrong. But overall it was correct and very interesting!
@len7066 Giving her credit for animations she didn't make. Don't get me wrong, great video! She just didn't front those costs. I probably don't know what I'm talking about though 🤷🏼
This video was nothing short of astounding! As a geologist and fellow paleontology nerd, I am blown away by the level of detail and research that went into this, and that doesn't even touch on the writing, editing, and direction of the video itself. You have my deepest respect.
I don't think I've ever seen a description of "the great dying" that truly puts into scale how MASSIVE it was, until now 🤯 Thank you for this rollercoaster of evolutionary science!! I was on the edge of my seat! 😂
A video that combines paleontological themes with geology explanations and basically ends up connecting together a thousand of the dots I had already randomly stored in my brain? Yeah, this video is perfection
I suggest Aron Ra's 50 part series 'Systematic Classification of Life' and Historical Geology with Dr Chris White here on You Tube. And there is a lot of other stuff in my Paleontology playlists.
We often wait for those at the top to do big things to save the world...but we can all do small things every day, and those small things add up. Our consumption patterns, our commuting habits, our choices drive what those at the top do. The message at the end of this video was right on target.
You have made one of if not my favorite video essay on UA-cam. This is not only really insightful and rich with information, but juxtaposes a grand scale and hope of future revival and correction with total and utter dispair and despondency. Great job, this is truly spectacular.
Holy moly the amount of work and love put into this is palpable. This feels like a full length movie that I would pay to see. So much information told with so much passion. Absolutely incredible work Ericka!
So, you're telling me that our precious mother earth, at one point in her life just effectively ripped off a continent sized scab leading to her very heart and just vomited out a 1.5 -2.5-mile-thick layer of blazing hot lava that covered nearly as much surface area as the modern-day continents. Well, HOT DAMN!
Mother Earth is capable of feats of sheer Metal the likes of which no man has ever known... because nobody could have lived through witnessing it. Rock on girl, we'll be forgotten and you'll be here.
aaaaand russia exploded, and the ozone layer went bye bye, and there was poisonous fumes everywhere, acid rain, massive toxic hurricanes. MY GOD HOW THE HELL DID ANYTHING SURVIVE?
Never really commented on UA-cam but this video was so fantastic I had to. Genuinely the best video I have ever seen in the 10 years I have been on this platform. Your mix of humour, statistics and visuals was just astounding. :)
If I remember correctly, one of the main reasons plants disrupted the carbon cycle in the early days was because cellulose was completely indigestible to all forms of live, it was the equivalent of plastic today. Forests would just accumulate tones of wood and act as massive carbon sinks that would never rot. However once fungi evolved to decompose cellulose the carbon cycle was balanced out. We are also witnessing something similar with plastic, life forms are starting to break down plastic, and maybe in several thousand years plastic will rot away like wood does today.
@@montyiscool11the difference between us and every other dominant species before us is that we actually bend this planet to our will. Other creatures may have dug holes to hide in like the moles, or turned trees over like the mammoths, but we dig to extract metal, with which we cut trees to then build houses with. We are better than anything else before us. And we have the agency to prevent acts of nature from wiping us out.
There are already microbes/small insects (can't remember the size of it) that ingest microplastics and turn them into nanoplastics... which is neat and all but also worrying as we have no idea what microplastics do to humans and animals systems, let alone nanoplastics. And we're ALL walking around with plastics in us.. it's actially pretty insane
This is my favorite, most engaging, educational video I have seen all year. This is a very good format. High production value, perfect vibe, serious and important topic presented with the awe and wonderment it deserves. I hope that a high view and subscriber count will not be too intimidating in the coming years, and I would love to see more like this. Specifically, this style of presentation, on topics of science history and and natural history. This is the first video of yours I was recommended.
Never has geology been presented in more fascinating a way. Until today i hadnt grasped the real consequences of the great extinction events and just how lucky life was to survive
Thanks so much for this amazing video! This showed up in my recommended feed and I am so glad that I decided to watch the whole thing. You are so informative and well spoken, and the whopping amount of information you provide is a lot to wrap your head around. You are an incredible and gifted writer and creator, and I hope this small contribution can help you continue to make amazing and enlightening videos.
The way you described the permian extinction event felt more apocalyptic than anything I've ever seen in fiction. Like even imagining clips showing the literal end of the the earth, when the sun is burning out and engulfing most of the sky, that still sounds more livable than the hellscape that was the earth 250 million years ago. To think life actually survived that
Erica, your love and fascination with not only these topics but your defense of evolution is so refreshing. Your production is astounding. Your memes are fresh and you reference literally everything I find funny that no one I know has heard about before. I can't tell you how much I love your videos. Keep kicking absolute ass!!!!
This is probably the best UA-cam video I've ever watched. My undergrad was in Earth and Ocean Science, and this presented familiar topics in a way that was far more captivating than my professors were ever able to, and sparked that love for the subject I thought I had lost long ago. There's something for eschewing the dryness of academia and presenting what happened in Deep Time as it truly was - remarkable, wondrous, and terrifying.
beyond all else, the perfect editing, exciting narration, brilliant research, and (as well as i know) correctness... the eterna forest music after the permian extinction transition was so so so perfect. chef's kiss. i see you
Just another casual hour long video that I almost skipped over that ended up being life changing. You've also provided some much needed perspective and inspiration for my final year uni project. Thanks a million ❤
Saame, at least the yt algorithm knew this video was great and kept on recommending it to me over and over until eventually I was like "Okay bro fine I'll watch it." Glad I did.
@@Voldemorts_Mom I enjoy her videos, although I have a short attention span and pause it and go play a game or something and come back to it. I still think she is awesome at what she does.
I've had this video on the backburner because, well, any video that's going to be more than an hour, I have to mentally prepare to have enough time to watch it. Otherwise, I would save it for later and wait until the day I feel as if I can watch it without regret or issues in real life, like work schedules and such.
I love how you described the Permian extinction and how seriously horrific it was. It absolutely makes so much sense of it. It reminds me of a paper presented in a seminar on mass extinctions I was in, where there was an estimate of the hydrogen sulfide released from the area of the impact crater from the meteorite that struck at the end of the K-Pg, how it showed me how enormous everything is to realize that it released *petagrams* into the atmosphere. So thanks for showing that was *miniscule* next to the Permian. And yeah… we’re not too late to be making an effort, any and all effort, to mitigate this mass extinction. Any step away from where we’re driving things is worth taking.
I've no words. Beautiful yet sobering. I wish those in my family that need to understand these things would watch this. Maybe one day they will open their minds enough to entertain contrary thoughts. At present they are boldly self blinded.
im so happy that you discussed just how mind-boggling the siberian traps are. every time i think about continental flood basalts im dumbfounded. even smaller scale flows are crazy to look at, like i went to new mexico this summer and saw basalt columns that are only maybe a few hundreds of feet thick. how the hell was there just. TWO MILES of lava covering parts of russia
1:09:30 "We made a deal with the deadliest pattern in nature..." damn thats metal Reminds me of Nausicaa's God Warriors "Descended from Earth's most evil tribe"
The description of the Great Dying gave me chills. I knew the Great Dying was extreme, but hearing it's true scale put into words really made me realise how much of a hellscape the Earth was at that time! It is amazing how life is able to recover from such cataclysms. If life can survive through and thrive after the Great Dying, that gives me a bit of comfort that even if humanity messes things up majorly, life will still find a way to survive and diversify afterwards! Still, I sincerely hope we can do more to mitigate the effects of climate change...😞
The earth will survive climate change, but the big question would be if *we* could survive. I doubt we will, but maybe impending extinction will promote future generations to greater collaboration.
There's 2 big reasons for why climate change will be way worse than it otherwise would if similar warming occurred deep in the geologic past. One is that we've absolutely destroyed much of earth's nature due to overpopulation, such that things simply can't adjust. Many species and even entire ecoregions are left as little fragments, which while they can sustain themselves (somewhat) during stable conditions are really prone to falling apart if those conditions change too quickly. The other is that humanity was very much so born in and designed for the Quaternary ice age. If we end the ice age, we will end up in a world that we really didn't evolve for. Sure some of our distant ancestor hominids _did_ precede that ice age, but the earth was already pretty cool by then and most of the advanced species that we truly resemble came after its onset. Very tropical conditions are better for life as a whole, especially with a continental configuration such as our modern one with fairly even spacing of continents that allows for the oceans to moderate things and add moisture; its just that those very tropical conditions kinda suck for us thoroughly subtropical humans. What really scares me is that our current situation strongly resembles the Late Devonian extinction (or rather series of extinctions and biodiversity crises). That one was likely made far worse by a combination of invasive species as Pangaea began to assemble, rapid climate swings, shifts in ocean currents (again because of Pangaea assembling), and of course the sedimentation and algae blooms. Today we get similar sedimentation due to deforestation (since of course the soil is already there and now trees hold it back), invasive species galore, and of course our rapid climate change is just going to add fuel to the fire. Fun times.
I'm just hoping to have fun and be happy in my lifetime (and doing what I can to help the planet, but I have some health things I need to take care of too.) There's a lot of doom and gloom in the future but at least I can make little things to look forward to. On a more relevant note, a lot of this climate change stuff will exacerbate inequality within our societies. The people with less access to resources will be hit the hardest. Meanwhile, the billionaires will play roulette with their rockets and sci-fi delusions.
"POISONOUS ACIDIC HYPERCAINS" - Might be the most awesome....and horrifying....phrase ever. What a fantastic video, I'm so happy to have found this channel!
@@ryelor123 halocarbons (organic compounds with halogens like fluorine, chlorine, and bromine attached) such as the ones that were released en masse in that event, trigger a cascade of reactions. They destroy ozone on contact, but the compounds they make as a result are often just as reactive, and will break apart into equally or even more reactive compounds from UV irradiation. And there are reaction cycles that regenerate the original. So, even though the UV is generating more ozone constantly, under those conditions it is being destroyed as quickly as it is being created. A good parallel is the hole in the ozone layer. Humans were using halocarbons (chlorofluoro-carbons specifically) as refrigerants and other industrial uses since the 70s. They slowly leaked into the atmosphere and began depleting the ozone layer, eventually leading to holes over the poles. The use of these compounds was banned worldwide and some 20-30 years later the ozone layer is beginning to recover with a projected return to normal levels in around 2075. Even if we take a similar recovery timescale, that's still several generations of surface lifeforms that are exposed to vast quantities of UVC and UVB radiation. This would have shortened lifespans, introduced mutations, and potentially even sterilised the surface soil.
I already wanted to conserve the beauty of the biodiversity of our current world, but this series gave me a new perspective on it. Thank you so much for all the work you put into it, it's absolutely beautiful.
@@Literally_a_Moth Tell that to all of the people who immigrated from socialist hellholes into western countries. Tell that to the Uyghurs in China who're getting slaughtered on mass, harvested for their organs, and culturally destroyed, TODAY.
Don't fall into the trap of assuming that organizations and politicians who claim to care actually do. There are plenty of nonprofit organizations who use causes like this just to make money for their own personal gain. There are also plenty of companies that claim to care but don't actually care. And don't let upper class types trick you into thinking that they'll make things better if you give them unlimited power.
29:57 Wow that’s a really interesting idea that I had never thought of. Considering the crazy forms that life takes on islands today, those organisms would probably be unrecognizable to us. Not even half way through but this is some amazing work. You have a talent for describing natural history like a story. Really cool!
This is amazing!! A full length documentary explaining exactly how we're currently committing a mass extinction?! From GG?! I feel like I should be paying for this
The description of the Permian volcanism was so amazing! I want to run a simulation that shows what that would look like from orbit, as well as from the other side of the planet. And yes, I can say from experience, the sun is indeed a deadly laser
I’ve been recommended this video for months and have never gotten around to it, a months ago I watched one of your other videos and only now do I realize you made this! Crazy how those things work
From 1:13:13 on I was in tears. After all this I had already braced myself to have my frequent despairing thoughts about our situation confirmed. I was not expecting to find hope in this detailed description of how such devastation takes place. I needed to hear that sentence, especially. Thank you.
The problem a lot of these WEF-controlled politicians have, is that they destroy the current infrastructure, instead of trying to expedite the r&d of green replacements that are so superior in every way, that there's simply no reason to use fossil fuels anymore. Going to war with the increasingly growing poor is just going to lead to revolt and possibly WWIII. Fossil fuel technology is already peaked. It has 10,000 moving parts, which can all fail and it is flawed by design. We can and should make green tech superior. As for veganism, we need to just make meat more efficiently. We're meant to eat meat and veggies, not soy lecithin and hyper-processed carbs.
lol I started tearing up when she introduced the extant amazing life we can still value and make the effort to preserve today. I could cry a river, it was so emotionally provoking
I majored in geology and I still found this video super interesting! I can now forward this video whenever people ask about the big extinction events :)
This is so well done Gutsick. Usually when people try to deny climate change I will inevitably bring up prior extinction events and the effects of carbon in them, but you took the time and did it right. Bravo!!!
@@LarryWater I take it you are joking. Those changes took thousands, if not hundreds of thousands, of years to develop. This one is happening in a little more than a century, making it much more like the volcanic eruptions of the PT extinction event.
This Video is honestly beautifully made AND presented! Not once did I feel like you were losing my attention at any point of this video, WHICH WHEN CONSIDERING THE RUNTIME is quite the achievement! You should be very proud and I hope see your channel grow and your content even further improve.
Ive never seen a video from this channel before. I am baffled that this only has 3k views. For a video more than an hour long, i was hooked the entire time. Which for someone that has a hard time focusing, thats impressive. Your way of giving visuals to these apocalyptic scenes is something i as an aspiring author can only hope to achieve. You just got a new subscriber.
This is one of my favorite videos. I play it often though it can provoke a desperate nihilist reaction in myself when I realize this fate in facing the people I love. The myopic greed of short term gains is our doom. It's frustratingly shameful the long history of human cruelty. You are half my age, but are you double in knowledge, much respect. Wish the planet was more populated with minds like yourself.
Oh my goodness. On-screen spelling of the unfamiliar words being discussed? My wish has been granted! That's super helpful! Thanks, Erica! I _never_ would've figured out Ediacaran. Most of the other stuff either. I know it's extra work, but it's really appreciated.
Phanerozoic eon - Greek for “visible life” Cenozoic era - Greek for “new life” Quaternary - Latin for “fourth” Holocene - Greek for “entirely new” Pleistocene - Greek for “mostly new” Neogene - Greek for “new birth / generation” Pliocene - Greek for “more new” Miocene - Greek for “less new” Paleogene - Greek for “ancient birth / generation” Oligocene - Greek for “few new” Eocene - Greek for “dawn of the new” Paleocene - Greek for “ancient new” * Tertiary (Latin for “third”) is an archaic term left over from the Wernerian chronology. It is no longer officially used as part of the geologic timescale. Mesozoic era - Greek for “middle life” Cretaceous - Latin word for chalk (“creta”) and was first applied to extensive deposits of this age that form white cliffs along the English Channel between Great Britain and France. Jurassic - named after the Jura Mountains between France and Switzerland, where rocks of this age were first studied. Triassic - refers to the threefold division of rocks of this age in Germany. Paleozoic era - Greek for “ancient life” Permian - named after the province of Perm, Russia, where rocks of this age were first studied Carboniferous - named after the high carbon content of coal-bearing strata of this age in the United Kingdom Pennsylvanian (US usage)- named after the state of Pennsylvania (USA), where rocks of this age are widespread Mississippian (US usage)- named after the Mississippi River valley (USA), which contains good exposures of rocks of this age Devonian - named after Devon, England (UK), where rocks of this age were first studied Silurian - named after a Celtic tribe called the Silures (UK). Ordovician - named after a Celtic tribe called the Ordovices (UK). Cambrian - Roman name for Wales (UK), where rocks of this age were first studied Precambrian* - all the time prior to the start of the Cambrian (not a formal era/eon name) * synonymous with “Cryptozoic” - Greek for “hidden life” Proterozoic eon - Greek for “former life” Neoproterozoic - Greek for the “new” Proterozoic Mesoproterozoic - Greek for the “middle” Proterozoic Paleoproterozoic - Greek for the “ancient” Proterozoic Archean eon - Greek for “ancient” Hadean eon - Greek for “hellish” or “unseen” (the Netherworld)
Gutsick has created one of the finest, most interesting and most WATCHABLE vids on climate change EVER. Simultaneously thought provoking and weirdly moving, this vid taps into both our deepest fears and greatest hopes. GG is one of the finest minds of her generation. Can’t wait for her next one.
An hour and eighteen minutes, and I watched it all the way through to the end without a break? That's the longest I've sat for anything in years. Thanks, Gutsick Gibbon! I don't know how much work you put into this, I assume it was a lot, and the end result was amazing.
these are my favourite type of essays/docos on naturalism, these big sprawling interconnected narratives, and I especially love when Gutsick Gibbon is actually talking about something she loves
Your soundtrack choices consistently surprised me throughout the video. Not to mention the comprehensive and easily digestible nature of your creation made this a wonderful watch.
Oh wow. This is the best video I've ever seen from you. Or anywhere on youtube really. What a wonderful job. I was struck in the middle by the thought " how did she gave so much information in just one sentence?" Superb. Thank you
I've just found this channel, and let me say you've got a real gift for communicating complex science in an understandable way. Keep up the great work!
That was... Pretty damn epic. Greatly appreciate the amount of time and effort that went into this, thoroughly enjoyed it, thank you. Also the Permian extinction was waaaaay worse than I thought it was, like holy crap that was extreme.
This video randomly appeared on my feed. Your enthusiasm and humor are absolutely infectious! Keep up the great work, I have a feeling this channel is about to take off.
My husband and I eagerly await every upload. Know that there are people out there that enjoy your attitude towards learning, and your delivery as a teacher! Thanks a bunch.
That was so goddamn beautiful!!! The fact that life persisted time after time for so long is more humbling than any story told by anyone. Thank you Erika for bringing this to our attention and also education people on how we know these things!
It is thrilling to see how long this video is. Smiles and giggles as if a blockbuster movie was just released. Cant wait to watch the whole thing. Thanks Gutsick!
I thought this was gonna be a commentary on some sort of evolutionary trait that distinguishes predators and a discussion about the animal with the highest KD or something... I am pleasantly surprised, this video gives me some impetus to act and do things I know I should. Thanks. Also your channel is severely underrated, so much effort went into this, and I hope you grow to be a big youtuber and maybe influence things politically one day, I'll vote for you anyways.
Yeah I thought it was going to be about predators and skeletal remains being behind the uncanny valley effect. But no, it's a thrilling and thorough history of the mass extinctions past and possibly future.
This was endlessly fascinating, even with the growing darkness as it ended. As an Aussie it hit me hard seeing the koala being rescued amid the fires that burnt up our east coast only three years ago. And especially sad watching that final clip, the movie of the last remaining Tasmanian Tiger (Thylacine) in captivity and still in living memory.
That film and the photos always bring tears to my eyes. Why the hell at least couldn’t the poor little thing die out in the open where it was supposed to be. But no, concrete and bars - totally tragic . 😒🦤🌷🐕🌱
This is arguably your best video. Your production and script writing have come a long way over the time I've been watching your work. ¡Bravo I say bravo!
Please don't take this as hyperbole, Erika, but however much excellent research on primates you do in the future, your true calling may be as a science teacher online. This presentation was absolutely superb!
She doesnt need a job, shes doing a public service by doing this and she should, and will be, supported by the portion of the population that uses thier brains. Garbage church videos need to be demonetized and disclaimered and this stuff needs to be promoted.
Agreed, I can't get over how well written, well researched, well edited, well directed... I can go on... this video is. I would lose it if this wasn't made by a team of people. I haven't seen quality like this in a long time.
I agree, that young woman did a better job at her hobby project presentation than some of the senior professors i had at engineering university in Munich.
As a Science teacher of several decades - that's a big fat nope. 3.5 minutes in and I had to stop watching because her teaching style is SO awful. If she wishes to teach, she needs to drastically alter her communication style.
With the minor addition of a little more budget/production resources, this could easily be a two-hour special on a major network. The knowledge, passion, skill, and charisma that went into this video far exceeds your 77k subscribers. I hope the random vagaries of the algorithm give your work the attention it deserves sooner rather than later.
You are a gifted young person. The way you weaved complex technical information with humor and approachability into a beautiful tapestry was expert level. You will make a positive impact on this world and for that I thank you!
I can't wrap my head around how you can talk about a subject so extreme while being so charming. You must make a wonderful professor and as a former anthropologist I'm so happy to see someone from the field doing so well!
I used to dismiss people who said they felt like they were born in the wrong era but when I heard you talking about the Ordovician period, it hit hard that I was born 445 million years too late. No need to be fast, agile, handsome, strong, smart, or anything good? I know an inconspicuous chordate who is none of those things! (It's me - I'm the inconspicuous chordate.)
I'm going to call somebody an Inconspicuous Chordate, now.
Sounds interesting in an odd way.
I really hope you're just joking, because everyone has worth and is good. There's no need to be down on yourself. All of us are special and mean something to others and, even if we don't realize it, our actions affect other people in ways we'll never know. The world will kick us around enough that we don't need to put ourselves down. I wish you well.
@@richtomlinson7090 LOL It'll definitely have them reaching for an encyclopedia!
I too, am an Inconspicuous Cordate. And I shall accept my new title with great honor!!
At least you’re funny!
The step by step detail of the "Great Dying" was well done. I went from thinking of it as "how did so many species die?" to "how did anything survive?"
I just discover your channel ,awesome video ! For me was mooving , you win a big fan , keep up your great work .
Same here. It’s really surprising anything survived.
"life finds a way" and I'm very happy it did
The LEADING TOUGHT - Who Survive and How and Most Important- WHY!!!???😮😮😮😢😢😢😅😊❤Sometimes the RIGHT QUESTION IS More Important than the Answer(s)!!!!....,......?
I think the key is the fact that all of this happened over a period of millions of years, so it was possible for some organisms to just barely adapt fast enough to survive.
If I had to guess, I'd say the ones that did where those in the deep ocean (where temperatures would've been slightly cooler), or those that were small and had rapid generation times, and thus could adapt more rapidly.
You tricked me into watching a video on the entire history of life on earth... and I'm all here for it.
She does that all the time
@@JasonHendersonshe can’t keep getting away with this 😭
It’s pretty nice to see, its an effective way to prove something that is a fact that we brush off and thinking that human/life extinction is far. I have no regrets if we ever reached that point we deserved it ngl, it would be sad if there would never be anything like earth anymore though but eh fux us its literally happening right now
@@bruhdabonesSHE CAN'T KEEP GETTING AWAY WITH IT
@@scottvelez3154based reference
38:45 "You know who utilizes calcium carbonate?"
Me, with an upset tummy and a glass of almond milk before bed.
Excellent comment
As someone with a tummy ache and a bottle of pomegranate vitamin water, this is so incredibly real. Also, feel better man.
Do you have a source?
LMAO
There is no such thing as almond milk
A terrifying and insanely interesting fact: Many, if not most rattlesnakes in Texas have stopped shaking their rattle. It makes sense. After a few hundred years of humans zealously tracking down and killing any rattlesnake they hear it's the ones that don't that survive. A mini-evolution moment that is very instructive.
We've also reduced the average and maximum size of several sea creatures we eat thanks to laws requiring fishermen to throw back the ones that are too small. The laws are intended to ensure that only older animals get eaten, but they end up selecting for individuals that never grow beyond that size.
@@AB-un4io Nah. I'm not with you on that. I have nothing against humans killing deadly animals in their area. I just found it an interesting fact.
@@Bacteriophagebs That makes sense.
@@thanksfernuthin "Their area". Snakes don't have a concept of properties rights. Snakes don't get to challenge a farmer in court when they decide to replace wild lands with cultivated crops. Snakes live where they've always lived, because they have no other option. We're the invasive species.
(And no, I'm not saying we could or should do otherwise. Species have always eradicated each other when new critters invade the historic lands of incumbents. The difference is that we have the capability to understand what we've done.)
@@altrag Wow. That's a lot to say "we shouldn't do otherwise". You go through quite a bit to damn humanity only to recognize they have a right to defend themselves as well. Keep hating humans and tell everyone you know! We need to know when people like you are around.
And throughout all of this, jellyfish basically flipped off every mass extinction and every dead corpse, probably dancing on their grave.
Only as much dancing as a jellyfish's neurological system can produce but dancing still
First mass extinction was like 2.1 billion years ago
Jellyfish are only 635 million years old
Maybe the last 4-5 yeah but not the first ones before cryogenian
@@HYDROCARBON_XD okay fine, they danced on the dead corpses after every mass extinction during and after the Cambrian
@blorf6167 - I saw a video on the "PBS Eons" channel that discussed the super critter that lived through so much dying - the sponges! They 'wiped out' the competition and 'scrubbed clean' a path for survival and are still here today.
@@MossyMozart oh yeah, man I love that channel
This was outstanding. One of the best researched and produced nature videos I have ever experienced.
It should be played at theaters, and streamed on Netflix.
And distributed to classrooms everywhere.
Very well done, Erika.
And yet it is all GARBAGE!
@@Rattlerjake1Then you should have no problem giving a detailed and comprehensive reason why it is garbage. Go.
@@leothenomad5675 -- Absolutely! Every bit of this information is based on nothing but theories and imagination. Nearly ALL of the dinosaurs and other life was reconstructed from a few bone or fossil fragments and are NOT based on anything else. This whole video is nothing more than a compilation of all of the theories and SWAGS (silly wild assssss guesses) of pseudo-scientists! These people take the tooth or bone fragment of a whale and create a stegosaurus or other imaginary animal. All of the systems used for dating these supposed fossil remains have been proven to be inaccurate. NOT ONE SINGLE THING that was mentioned in this video is proven fact!
I too say respect for helping this creator follow what I can only assume is her passion. Too her job well done your presentations never disappoint.
@@leothenomad5675I think he ran away with his tail between his legs
"But a new organism had evolved, a creature capable of manipulating its environment in the form of burrowing, this animal is the humble penis worm"
"Humans are modern penis wormds"
So deep...
I dig it.
@@Braigwen Yeah, digging just like the penis worm
@@Braigwen Ah, just like the humble penis worm
@@Braigwen
So did the humble penis worm
We are truly dicks to the environment
I was thinking based off the thumbnail this history lesson was gonna be about how frontward facing eyes are the most predatory adaptation any creature could evolve and how its carried throughout history. The actual subject of this lesson is still very awesome.
same
Same, feeling catfished
literally same, yet i watched the whole thiing anyways
Ditto 😭
Yeah I’m 20 something mins and glad I stuck around too watch 😊@@kilio1948
As someone who grew up in the shadow of the mid-00s Hurricanes, the Permian Hypercanes are truly, viscerally terrifying
Same. I was in Tampa in 2004, hunkering in a college dorm while three hurricanes smacked the bay area back to back. It was intense. I think of that dorm being crumbled to flying rubble every time I think about hypercanes.
I live in NOLA . Katrina , Ida , Andrew and and a few lesser ones I have endured. The rain is falling horizontally. It's quite the thing to see.
I lived in Florida during Ivan, Ian and Idalia. I was a baby during Ivan, and most of my family evacuated beforehand, but my mom stayed behind. I remember Ian and idalia. I sat through those storms.
What's crazy to me about 500mph is that's 2/3 of the speed of sound at sea level.
@@j.f.fisher5318 Yeah, at that rate, you're beginning to approach the physical limits of wind speeds. Imagine how loud a hypercane would be!
"technically they are the ancestors of furries but at the time they looked more like scalies" that was a fantastic line
"Did I really write that🤏👓😳"
I loved it
Really. I almost wiped that moment from my brain completely when I look in the comments just to see this comment...
@@_shadow_1 lol
Also explains why Mother Nature drowned the planet in lava. 🔥🔥🔥🐺🔥🔥🔥
This was absolutely incredible. The video tells a story that is so epic, and yet gets ignored. I can't believe I went my whole life not hearing about some of these things. Thank you for all the work you put into these videos!
@THEIRISITISWITHUSNOW No biggie. It was 3 months after the video was posted.
@@benjaminkindle1841you still deserve to be pinned man
@@Teapotman2I don't think he donated to be pinned
I had no idea the absurdly deadly conditions of the Great Dying until I saw this. I am amazed that any multi cellular life survived at all.
Makes me wonder where life isn’t at some point or another. Life uh.. finds a way.
It was fascinating to learn that rivers used to be braided, forcing their way through rocky terrain and overall poorly drained before trees developed and broke the rock into soil.
life is a force of nature, not just a consequence of it;
@@siddbastard Life is a gate of nature. Life only opens its doors to let certain things happen. From nature's energy begets the force.
Was it just the trees though? When did fungus come into the picture? These days, many species of wild plants need fungus in order to access nutrients and minerals.
@@DemstarAus Very True, Very True!! I just learned that trees didn't really flourish and become capable of those large deep roots systems without the partnership with certain types of fungi, I can't remember the exact name but I think it started with a "myo-" at the beginning of it's long name of the type that cooperates with trees and roots systems, communicating and trading nitrates for waters and sugars....
Another interesting video/channel I would suggest is Plant Maps the young man who narrates and hosts it is just as eloquent as this young lady who hosted this video... And his format of putting scientific information into visual maps is another way of learning such valuable information, especially for those who are more visual learners...
@@ambertypereiraty3627 Mycelium is the word you're looking for.
I don't have the words to express how impressive this was...
Gutsic Gibbon keep improving the content creation craft to beyond the highest educational TV standards, but still manages to get the knowledge expressed like it's an engaging entertainment show, what an absolutely brilliant teacher she is!
Yes, this is a stunningly well done documentary. Fully the equal to, and honestly, superior to anything I’ve ever seen on PBS. If she decides to go into teaching at the university level her students will be clamoring to get into her classes!
I think this was one of her best videos. Love our GG!
amen to all of that
I wholeheartedly agree. She doesn't have a bull ring hanging out of her nose , tattoos all over her and and a face full of make up. She doesn't copy Milo's style and her video isn't a series of 15 second videos stitched together. ( Do y'all know whom I am comparing her to?)
This is not a video of rehashed crap I have seen over and over again. I actually learned quite a bit from it ,which hasn't happened in quite some time.
Many well wishes to this lovely ,young lady.
It is spelt "Gutsick". It isn't educational. It does not seek permission from sources of pictures and videos therefore FAR below television standards. Anything entertaining by definition is not educational. Unless she has a licence she cannot be considered an instructor or teacher.
I apologise if you are under 10 because you must be.
1:01:40 I love how you added the detail of the meteor's speed. Most depictions of meteoric impacts show the impactor almost lazily falling through the sky, but in fact, most objects are screaming through space at these absolutely break-neck speeds relative to Earth. When a meteor glances off the atmospere like the one over Chelyabinsk, they're so high up there that it gives a false perspective to the speed at which it looks like it's flying. Passenger planes fly at about 40 thousand feet, but the Chelyabinsk meteor glanced off Earth's atmosphere at 97 thousand feet, blasting windows out as it tore ass across the sky, before being completely gone and outbound within a few seconds.
And the impact triggered the Deccan traps. I've long believed Erika deserves a science-hug for this production.
Earth moves at a speed of some 28 km/h, so the impactor wasn't that much faster.
I didn’t know I needed to spend almost 80 minutes of my life learning about mass extinctions, but it turns out I did.
Excellent, excellent, work! Thank you.
I felt the same way! I had even misunderstood what the topic of this video would be, and I still was captivated!
might want to check out Gutsick's mass extinction playlist too!
ua-cam.com/play/PLEje1puXuKeOm7V5RxUOAgLQ68Vvv2nbF.html
Same and Confirmed
I can't wait to share this with my grandkids as an example of what passion for science looks like. Thank you, Erika, for providing this outstanding resource for all of us to share.
It even unexpectedly taught us about furries and scalies.
I can't wait for mine to experience it first hand!
@@jamie6692that’s wild 😂😂😂
Fantastic work, Erika. Something with this level of academic rigor should be seen by as many people as possible.
Agreed :)
She should learn to structure her talk though. The structure is a mess. What a waste of work. She could easily double her reach.
I stopped watching after minutes. Because I know most of this. And her structure does not allow me to discover if there are relevant parts for me. What a waste of potential. She is female, so youtube WILL help and push her as much as possible. All she has to do is put proper presentation structure in.
@@melanieenmats bait
We must understand that we have become the final penis worms.
@melanieenmats bro chill, don't reduce someone to their gender cuz ya salty
"we're so good at pattern recognition that we see them where they dont even exist" got me cackling like a witch with a cauldron
Makes alot of sense for at least 75% of conspiracy theories out there I guess.
Yeah that's an old saying, we been connecting wonky dots for a long time
Indeed, we're not "good" at pattern recognition, we are paranoid about pattern recognition. Those who weren't paranoid about pattern recognition got taken by lions after all.
Yeah, it is one of our greatest strengths, and greatest weaknesses. Like- legit, in both war and even normal life you'll find that people get so caught in a 'pattern' that doesn't exist they'll walk out in front of a semi literally and not. Like some military coded signals by just adding gibberish in intervals through the real message. And it'll work for years because SURELY THAT GIBBERISH ISN'T GIBBERISH IT MEANS SOMETHING. Or being so used to walking across the sideway when the light is red being safe you forgot to actually *look* to check it's safe.
Definitely one of the best videos I have ever watched on UA-cam. I barely know anything about this stuff and yet was captivated from the very start all the way to the end. No high budget CGI, no extravagant cinematography or animation just straight up beautiful storytelling. You should be incredibly proud of this.
Seconded
I totally agree. Except that I'm betting the animation costs alone were high--for some of the best animation & editing I've seen anywhere. KUDOS!!
Bro thinks she animated all the footage she cited sources for
It is great and the music choices too! But like most videos it wasn’t perfect, some animal names/facts were wrong. But overall it was correct and very interesting!
@len7066
Giving her credit for animations she didn't make. Don't get me wrong, great video! She just didn't front those costs.
I probably don't know what I'm talking about though 🤷🏼
This video was nothing short of astounding! As a geologist and fellow paleontology nerd, I am blown away by the level of detail and research that went into this, and that doesn't even touch on the writing, editing, and direction of the video itself. You have my deepest respect.
Blah Blah Blah Blah
Put it back in your Pants dude.
She's not gonna screw you.
@@hime273 Bros intelligence is lower than a penis worm ☠
@@Zeni-th.💀
Hour long video do be hittin different
@@hime273 bro what the hell
I don't think I've ever seen a description of "the great dying" that truly puts into scale how MASSIVE it was, until now 🤯 Thank you for this rollercoaster of evolutionary science!! I was on the edge of my seat! 😂
Oh yeah it was pretty ridiculous
Russia blew up
@@areallyshortbrontothere hypercane are wild, too.500mph winds, a storm that has enough energy and rain to cross continents.
A video that combines paleontological themes with geology explanations and basically ends up connecting together a thousand of the dots I had already randomly stored in my brain? Yeah, this video is perfection
Also SACABAMBASPIS
I'm a park ranger. This is all great info. I never thought about it from this angle before.
I suggest Aron Ra's 50 part series 'Systematic Classification of Life' and Historical Geology with Dr Chris White here on You Tube. And there is a lot of other stuff in my Paleontology playlists.
@@whatabouttheearth Thanks for the suggestions!
Thanks! You inspire me to keep learning. At my age of 71, I've just begun. Go, girl !! 😎
We often wait for those at the top to do big things to save the world...but we can all do small things every day, and those small things add up. Our consumption patterns, our commuting habits, our choices drive what those at the top do. The message at the end of this video was right on target.
You have made one of if not my favorite video essay on UA-cam. This is not only really insightful and rich with information, but juxtaposes a grand scale and hope of future revival and correction with total and utter dispair and despondency. Great job, this is truly spectacular.
Holy moly the amount of work and love put into this is palpable. This feels like a full length movie that I would pay to see. So much information told with so much passion. Absolutely incredible work Ericka!
holy moly
So, you're telling me that our precious mother earth, at one point in her life just effectively ripped off a continent sized scab leading to her very heart and just vomited out a 1.5 -2.5-mile-thick layer of blazing hot lava that covered nearly as much surface area as the modern-day continents. Well, HOT DAMN!
Hot damn is right!
@@realdaggerman105 Real emphasis on the H-O-T
And we Stan. What a Queen boss girl move
Mother Earth is capable of feats of sheer Metal the likes of which no man has ever known... because nobody could have lived through witnessing it. Rock on girl, we'll be forgotten and you'll be here.
aaaaand russia exploded, and the ozone layer went bye bye, and there was poisonous fumes everywhere, acid rain, massive toxic hurricanes. MY GOD HOW THE HELL DID ANYTHING SURVIVE?
It’s amazing to consider how different epochs can vary from a familiar, to a seemingly outright alien world.
Earth is so fascinating.
Never really commented on UA-cam but this video was so fantastic I had to. Genuinely the best video I have ever seen in the 10 years I have been on this platform. Your mix of humour, statistics and visuals was just astounding. :)
If I remember correctly, one of the main reasons plants disrupted the carbon cycle in the early days was because cellulose was completely indigestible to all forms of live, it was the equivalent of plastic today. Forests would just accumulate tones of wood and act as massive carbon sinks that would never rot. However once fungi evolved to decompose cellulose the carbon cycle was balanced out.
We are also witnessing something similar with plastic, life forms are starting to break down plastic, and maybe in several thousand years plastic will rot away like wood does today.
That’s actually an amazing thought
But we as a species may well be dead by then
@@montyiscool11the difference between us and every other dominant species before us is that we actually bend this planet to our will. Other creatures may have dug holes to hide in like the moles, or turned trees over like the mammoths, but we dig to extract metal, with which we cut trees to then build houses with. We are better than anything else before us. And we have the agency to prevent acts of nature from wiping us out.
Not several thousand years, but maybe several million
There are already microbes/small insects (can't remember the size of it) that ingest microplastics and turn them into nanoplastics... which is neat and all but also worrying as we have no idea what microplastics do to humans and animals systems, let alone nanoplastics. And we're ALL walking around with plastics in us.. it's actially pretty insane
This is my favorite, most engaging, educational video I have seen all year. This is a very good format. High production value, perfect vibe, serious and important topic presented with the awe and wonderment it deserves. I hope that a high view and subscriber count will not be too intimidating in the coming years, and I would love to see more like this. Specifically, this style of presentation, on topics of science history and and natural history. This is the first video of yours I was recommended.
Never has geology been presented in more fascinating a way. Until today i hadnt grasped the real consequences of the great extinction events and just how lucky life was to survive
Thanks so much for this amazing video! This showed up in my recommended feed and I am so glad that I decided to watch the whole thing. You are so informative and well spoken, and the whopping amount of information you provide is a lot to wrap your head around. You are an incredible and gifted writer and creator, and I hope this small contribution can help you continue to make amazing and enlightening videos.
The way you described the permian extinction event felt more apocalyptic than anything I've ever seen in fiction. Like even imagining clips showing the literal end of the the earth, when the sun is burning out and engulfing most of the sky, that still sounds more livable than the hellscape that was the earth 250 million years ago.
To think life actually survived that
And we think our petty little selves could do anything about it!
@@IronianKnight elaborate
@@markd.s.8625 Sorry, I don't respond to one word commands!
@@IronianKnight you literally just have
@@markd.s.8625we got a spicy one over here! And still no signs of cooperation. Good day to you, then!
Erica, your love and fascination with not only these topics but your defense of evolution is so refreshing. Your production is astounding. Your memes are fresh and you reference literally everything I find funny that no one I know has heard about before. I can't tell you how much I love your videos. Keep kicking absolute ass!!!!
This is probably the best UA-cam video I've ever watched. My undergrad was in Earth and Ocean Science, and this presented familiar topics in a way that was far more captivating than my professors were ever able to, and sparked that love for the subject I thought I had lost long ago.
There's something for eschewing the dryness of academia and presenting what happened in Deep Time as it truly was - remarkable, wondrous, and terrifying.
beyond all else, the perfect editing, exciting narration, brilliant research, and (as well as i know) correctness... the eterna forest music after the permian extinction transition was so so so perfect. chef's kiss. i see you
Just another casual hour long video that I almost skipped over that ended up being life changing. You've also provided some much needed perspective and inspiration for my final year uni project. Thanks a million ❤
Saame, at least the yt algorithm knew this video was great and kept on recommending it to me over and over until eventually I was like "Okay bro fine I'll watch it." Glad I did.
@@Voldemorts_Mom I enjoy her videos, although I have a short attention span and pause it and go play a game or something and come back to it. I still think she is awesome at what she does.
I've had this video on the backburner because, well, any video that's going to be more than an hour, I have to mentally prepare to have enough time to watch it. Otherwise, I would save it for later and wait until the day I feel as if I can watch it without regret or issues in real life, like work schedules and such.
The description of the Permian extinction is just absolutely terrifying
I love how you described the Permian extinction and how seriously horrific it was. It absolutely makes so much sense of it. It reminds me of a paper presented in a seminar on mass extinctions I was in, where there was an estimate of the hydrogen sulfide released from the area of the impact crater from the meteorite that struck at the end of the K-Pg, how it showed me how enormous everything is to realize that it released *petagrams* into the atmosphere. So thanks for showing that was *miniscule* next to the Permian. And yeah… we’re not too late to be making an effort, any and all effort, to mitigate this mass extinction. Any step away from where we’re driving things is worth taking.
Petagram: don't hear that word often.
@@RayDoeksen Is it like a petabyte? Because if so i have also never heard of a megagram👍
@@samuilzaychev9636 yes you have, but usually in the less scientific term of "ton". ;-)
oohh @@irrelevant_noob makes sense
These are words they only taught when introducing metric. Don't hear about deka- often and only deci- as decimal
your delivery is the rare combination of satisfying, entertaining, and clear
You worked really hard on this and I've learned a lot from this single video alone. Thank you.
I've no words. Beautiful yet sobering. I wish those in my family that need to understand these things would watch this. Maybe one day they will open their minds enough to entertain contrary thoughts. At present they are boldly self blinded.
im so happy that you discussed just how mind-boggling the siberian traps are. every time i think about continental flood basalts im dumbfounded. even smaller scale flows are crazy to look at, like i went to new mexico this summer and saw basalt columns that are only maybe a few hundreds of feet thick. how the hell was there just. TWO MILES of lava covering parts of russia
big earth pimple
Earth had tacobell for the first time
1:09:30 "We made a deal with the deadliest pattern in nature..." damn thats metal
Reminds me of Nausicaa's God Warriors "Descended from Earth's most evil tribe"
This is probably the best UA-cam video I've seen this year, and I've seen a lot of UA-cam videos this year.
what the hell of course my bro glidussy here too😂
Glidus I demand you stop positively influencing my algorithm this instant.
Ditto!
Average wild Glimbly encounter
the glimbo!!
The description of the Great Dying gave me chills. I knew the Great Dying was extreme, but hearing it's true scale put into words really made me realise how much of a hellscape the Earth was at that time!
It is amazing how life is able to recover from such cataclysms.
If life can survive through and thrive after the Great Dying, that gives me a bit of comfort that even if humanity messes things up majorly, life will still find a way to survive and diversify afterwards!
Still, I sincerely hope we can do more to mitigate the effects of climate change...😞
The earth will survive climate change, but the big question would be if *we* could survive. I doubt we will, but maybe impending extinction will promote future generations to greater collaboration.
There's 2 big reasons for why climate change will be way worse than it otherwise would if similar warming occurred deep in the geologic past. One is that we've absolutely destroyed much of earth's nature due to overpopulation, such that things simply can't adjust. Many species and even entire ecoregions are left as little fragments, which while they can sustain themselves (somewhat) during stable conditions are really prone to falling apart if those conditions change too quickly. The other is that humanity was very much so born in and designed for the Quaternary ice age. If we end the ice age, we will end up in a world that we really didn't evolve for. Sure some of our distant ancestor hominids _did_ precede that ice age, but the earth was already pretty cool by then and most of the advanced species that we truly resemble came after its onset. Very tropical conditions are better for life as a whole, especially with a continental configuration such as our modern one with fairly even spacing of continents that allows for the oceans to moderate things and add moisture; its just that those very tropical conditions kinda suck for us thoroughly subtropical humans.
What really scares me is that our current situation strongly resembles the Late Devonian extinction (or rather series of extinctions and biodiversity crises). That one was likely made far worse by a combination of invasive species as Pangaea began to assemble, rapid climate swings, shifts in ocean currents (again because of Pangaea assembling), and of course the sedimentation and algae blooms. Today we get similar sedimentation due to deforestation (since of course the soil is already there and now trees hold it back), invasive species galore, and of course our rapid climate change is just going to add fuel to the fire. Fun times.
I'm just hoping to have fun and be happy in my lifetime (and doing what I can to help the planet, but I have some health things I need to take care of too.) There's a lot of doom and gloom in the future but at least I can make little things to look forward to. On a more relevant note, a lot of this climate change stuff will exacerbate inequality within our societies. The people with less access to resources will be hit the hardest. Meanwhile, the billionaires will play roulette with their rockets and sci-fi delusions.
yeah but you would probably be dead
Who cares if life lives on. I don't wanna die
"POISONOUS ACIDIC HYPERCAINS" - Might be the most awesome....and horrifying....phrase ever. What a fantastic video, I'm so happy to have found this channel!
This was extremely well written! Great job with the storytelling!
"The sun truely is a deadly laser" WOW awesome quote :D Not only is this an absolute masterpiece, it is also entertaining to boot! Well done!
From Mr. WURTZ
I'm skeptical of that since UVC tends to turn oxygen into ozone on its own.
@@ryelor123 halocarbons (organic compounds with halogens like fluorine, chlorine, and bromine attached) such as the ones that were released en masse in that event, trigger a cascade of reactions. They destroy ozone on contact, but the compounds they make as a result are often just as reactive, and will break apart into equally or even more reactive compounds from UV irradiation. And there are reaction cycles that regenerate the original. So, even though the UV is generating more ozone constantly, under those conditions it is being destroyed as quickly as it is being created. A good parallel is the hole in the ozone layer. Humans were using halocarbons (chlorofluoro-carbons specifically) as refrigerants and other industrial uses since the 70s. They slowly leaked into the atmosphere and began depleting the ozone layer, eventually leading to holes over the poles. The use of these compounds was banned worldwide and some 20-30 years later the ozone layer is beginning to recover with a projected return to normal levels in around 2075. Even if we take a similar recovery timescale, that's still several generations of surface lifeforms that are exposed to vast quantities of UVC and UVB radiation. This would have shortened lifespans, introduced mutations, and potentially even sterilised the surface soil.
I already wanted to conserve the beauty of the biodiversity of our current world, but this series gave me a new perspective on it. Thank you so much for all the work you put into it, it's absolutely beautiful.
Remember, socialism is the way forward
@@Literally_a_Moth socialism doesn't work and socialist incompetency environmentally ruined Romania and parts of USSR with radiation lmfao
@@Literally_a_Moth Tell that to all of the people who immigrated from socialist hellholes into western countries. Tell that to the Uyghurs in China who're getting slaughtered on mass, harvested for their organs, and culturally destroyed, TODAY.
@@Literally_a_Moth Wonderful way of saying 'Let's be idiots and idealists without considering the fact that this never works and will never work'.
Don't fall into the trap of assuming that organizations and politicians who claim to care actually do. There are plenty of nonprofit organizations who use causes like this just to make money for their own personal gain. There are also plenty of companies that claim to care but don't actually care. And don't let upper class types trick you into thinking that they'll make things better if you give them unlimited power.
29:57 Wow that’s a really interesting idea that I had never thought of. Considering the crazy forms that life takes on islands today, those organisms would probably be unrecognizable to us.
Not even half way through but this is some amazing work. You have a talent for describing natural history like a story. Really cool!
You have a great talent for storytelling. This 1h documentary felt like 15 minutes. It was very interesting.
This is amazing!! A full length documentary explaining exactly how we're currently committing a mass extinction?! From GG?! I feel like I should be paying for this
The description of the Permian volcanism was so amazing! I want to run a simulation that shows what that would look like from orbit, as well as from the other side of the planet.
And yes, I can say from experience, the sun is indeed a deadly laser
Erica, Gutsick Gibbon, this is literally my most favorite video of yours. Thank you. I laughed, I learned, I cried.
I’ve been recommended this video for months and have never gotten around to it, a months ago I watched one of your other videos and only now do I realize you made this! Crazy how those things work
Your description of the Permian extinction event really blew my mind, as I had no idea that such a cataclysm ever happened in the Earth’s history
Thank you. The amount of valuable information in this is phenomenal and the message is something that needs to be spread!
❤
From 1:13:13 on I was in tears. After all this I had already braced myself to have my frequent despairing thoughts about our situation confirmed. I was not expecting to find hope in this detailed description of how such devastation takes place. I needed to hear that sentence, especially. Thank you.
Glad to know I'm not the only one that was tearing up! I almost broke down bawling for some reason.
The problem a lot of these WEF-controlled politicians have, is that they destroy the current infrastructure, instead of trying to expedite the r&d of green replacements that are so superior in every way, that there's simply no reason to use fossil fuels anymore.
Going to war with the increasingly growing poor is just going to lead to revolt and possibly WWIII. Fossil fuel technology is already peaked. It has 10,000 moving parts, which can all fail and it is flawed by design. We can and should make green tech superior.
As for veganism, we need to just make meat more efficiently. We're meant to eat meat and veggies, not soy lecithin and hyper-processed carbs.
lol I started tearing up when she introduced the extant amazing life we can still value and make the effort to preserve today. I could cry a river, it was so emotionally provoking
@@critiqueofthegothgf haha i felt the same way at the exact same part
It was the Tasmanian tiger video that got me
I majored in geology and I still found this video super interesting! I can now forward this video whenever people ask about the big extinction events :)
This is so well done Gutsick. Usually when people try to deny climate change I will inevitably bring up prior extinction events and the effects of carbon in them, but you took the time and did it right. Bravo!!!
Climate change does happen, but climate “change” is what they are denying.
The climate is always changing. There used to be an ice age.
@LarryWater no shit sherlock. Did youneven watch the video?
@@LarryWater NOOOO YOU HAVE TO GIVE THE STATE MORE MONEY
@@LarryWater I take it you are joking. Those changes took thousands, if not hundreds of thousands, of years to develop. This one is happening in a little more than a century, making it much more like the volcanic eruptions of the PT extinction event.
This Video is honestly beautifully made AND presented! Not once did I feel like you were losing my attention at any point of this video, WHICH WHEN CONSIDERING THE RUNTIME is quite the achievement! You should be very proud and I hope see your channel grow and your content even further improve.
Ive never seen a video from this channel before. I am baffled that this only has 3k views. For a video more than an hour long, i was hooked the entire time. Which for someone that has a hard time focusing, thats impressive. Your way of giving visuals to these apocalyptic scenes is something i as an aspiring author can only hope to achieve. You just got a new subscriber.
This is one of my favorite videos. I play it often though it can provoke a desperate nihilist reaction in myself when I realize this fate in facing the people I love. The myopic greed of short term gains is our doom. It's frustratingly shameful the long history of human cruelty.
You are half my age, but are you double in knowledge, much respect. Wish the planet was more populated with minds like yourself.
Oh my goodness. On-screen spelling of the unfamiliar words being discussed? My wish has been granted! That's super helpful! Thanks, Erica!
I _never_ would've figured out Ediacaran. Most of the other stuff either. I know it's extra work, but it's really appreciated.
Yes! This is immensely helpful for my learning process.
Phanerozoic eon - Greek for “visible life”
Cenozoic era - Greek for “new life”
Quaternary - Latin for “fourth”
Holocene - Greek for “entirely new”
Pleistocene - Greek for “mostly new”
Neogene - Greek for “new birth / generation”
Pliocene - Greek for “more new”
Miocene - Greek for “less new”
Paleogene - Greek for “ancient birth / generation”
Oligocene - Greek for “few new”
Eocene - Greek for “dawn of the new”
Paleocene - Greek for “ancient new”
* Tertiary (Latin for “third”) is an archaic term left over from the Wernerian chronology. It is no longer officially used as part of the geologic timescale.
Mesozoic era - Greek for “middle life”
Cretaceous - Latin word for chalk (“creta”) and was first applied to extensive deposits of this age that form white cliffs along the English Channel between Great Britain and France.
Jurassic - named after the Jura Mountains between France and Switzerland, where rocks of this age were first studied.
Triassic - refers to the threefold division of rocks of this age in Germany.
Paleozoic era - Greek for “ancient life”
Permian - named after the province of Perm, Russia, where rocks of this age were first studied
Carboniferous - named after the high carbon content of coal-bearing strata of this age in the United Kingdom
Pennsylvanian (US usage)- named after the state of Pennsylvania (USA), where rocks of this age are widespread
Mississippian (US usage)- named after the Mississippi River valley (USA), which contains good exposures of rocks of this age
Devonian - named after Devon, England (UK), where rocks of this age were first studied
Silurian - named after a Celtic tribe called the Silures (UK).
Ordovician - named after a Celtic tribe called the Ordovices (UK).
Cambrian - Roman name for Wales (UK), where rocks of this age were first studied
Precambrian* - all the time prior to the start of the Cambrian (not a formal era/eon name)
* synonymous with “Cryptozoic” - Greek for “hidden life”
Proterozoic eon - Greek for “former life”
Neoproterozoic - Greek for the “new” Proterozoic
Mesoproterozoic - Greek for the “middle” Proterozoic
Paleoproterozoic - Greek for the “ancient” Proterozoic
Archean eon - Greek for “ancient”
Hadean eon - Greek for “hellish” or “unseen” (the Netherworld)
Gutsick has created one of the finest, most interesting and most WATCHABLE vids on climate change EVER. Simultaneously thought provoking and weirdly moving, this vid taps into both our deepest fears and greatest hopes. GG is one of the finest minds of her generation. Can’t wait for her next one.
The level of detail put into the research and descriptions of each event was nothing short of breathtaking, absolutely phenomenal work!
“And you guys I’ve got to pause for a minute-“
Me: For an ad?
“To appreciate these agnathans!”
Excellent
Thank you! Your time and efforts on this one are very much appreciated. 🎉
An hour and eighteen minutes, and I watched it all the way through to the end without a break? That's the longest I've sat for anything in years.
Thanks, Gutsick Gibbon! I don't know how much work you put into this, I assume it was a lot, and the end result was amazing.
these are my favourite type of essays/docos on naturalism, these big sprawling interconnected narratives, and I especially love when Gutsick Gibbon is actually talking about something she loves
Your soundtrack choices consistently surprised me throughout the video. Not to mention the comprehensive and easily digestible nature of your creation made this a wonderful watch.
Oh wow. This is the best video I've ever seen from you. Or anywhere on youtube really. What a wonderful job. I was struck in the middle by the thought " how did she gave so much information in just one sentence?" Superb. Thank you
Over an hour of Gutsick Gibbon and its all science talk? Amazing!
Incredible work, Erica. The effort that must have gone into this really shows.
I've just found this channel, and let me say you've got a real gift for communicating complex science in an understandable way. Keep up the great work!
That was... Pretty damn epic. Greatly appreciate the amount of time and effort that went into this, thoroughly enjoyed it, thank you. Also the Permian extinction was waaaaay worse than I thought it was, like holy crap that was extreme.
This video randomly appeared on my feed. Your enthusiasm and humor are absolutely infectious! Keep up the great work, I have a feeling this channel is about to take off.
My husband and I eagerly await every upload. Know that there are people out there that enjoy your attitude towards learning, and your delivery as a teacher! Thanks a bunch.
Immaculate music choice, the super paper mario OST is a perfect underscore to talking about the cyclical apocalypses of history. Fantastic video!
This is excellent, I went through high school without learning this so your work on this is great and I would love to watch more timelines like these
That was so goddamn beautiful!!! The fact that life persisted time after time for so long is more humbling than any story told by anyone. Thank you Erika for bringing this to our attention and also education people on how we know these things!
Amazing video. Very well done.
2:43 "You'll know them raw" is so true for me with astronomy 😭 I love ur passion
It is thrilling to see how long this video is. Smiles and giggles as if a blockbuster movie was just released. Cant wait to watch the whole thing. Thanks Gutsick!
I thought this was gonna be a commentary on some sort of evolutionary trait that distinguishes predators and a discussion about the animal with the highest KD or something...
I am pleasantly surprised, this video gives me some impetus to act and do things I know I should.
Thanks. Also your channel is severely underrated, so much effort went into this, and I hope you grow to be a big youtuber and maybe influence things politically one day, I'll vote for you anyways.
Yeah I thought it was going to be about predators and skeletal remains being behind the uncanny valley effect. But no, it's a thrilling and thorough history of the mass extinctions past and possibly future.
I just wish you mentioned ants more.
I was joy expecting the whole plot of the video. Amazingly done, Bravo!
This content need more views.
This was endlessly fascinating, even with the growing darkness as it ended. As an Aussie it hit me hard seeing the koala being rescued amid the fires that burnt up our east coast only three years ago. And especially sad watching that final clip, the movie of the last remaining Tasmanian Tiger (Thylacine) in captivity and still in living memory.
That film and the photos always bring tears to my eyes. Why the hell at least couldn’t the poor little thing die out in the open where it was supposed to be. But no, concrete and bars - totally tragic . 😒🦤🌷🐕🌱
... because humans, by and large absolutely suck.
This is arguably your best video. Your production and script writing have come a long way over the time I've been watching your work.
¡Bravo I say bravo!
Please don't take this as hyperbole, Erika, but however much excellent research on primates you do in the future, your true calling may be as a science teacher online. This presentation was absolutely superb!
She doesnt need a job, shes doing a public service by doing this and she should, and will be, supported by the portion of the population that uses thier brains.
Garbage church videos need to be demonetized and disclaimered and this stuff needs to be promoted.
Agreed, I can't get over how well written, well researched, well edited, well directed... I can go on... this video is. I would lose it if this wasn't made by a team of people. I haven't seen quality like this in a long time.
I agree, that young woman did a better job at her hobby project presentation than some of the senior professors i had at engineering university in Munich.
The people who take the time out of their busy professional lives to deliver science to the layman in terms we can understand are invaluable!
As a Science teacher of several decades - that's a big fat nope. 3.5 minutes in and I had to stop watching because her teaching style is SO awful. If she wishes to teach, she needs to drastically alter her communication style.
I just keep coming back. This has got to be one of the best youtube videos ever made.
Totally outdid yourself with this one--entertaining, well-written, poignant. Well done!
With the minor addition of a little more budget/production resources, this could easily be a two-hour special on a major network.
The knowledge, passion, skill, and charisma that went into this video far exceeds your 77k subscribers. I hope the random vagaries of the algorithm give your work the attention it deserves sooner rather than later.
You are a gifted young person. The way you weaved complex technical information with humor and approachability into a beautiful tapestry was expert level. You will make a positive impact on this world and for that I thank you!
I can't wrap my head around how you can talk about a subject so extreme while being so charming. You must make a wonderful professor and as a former anthropologist I'm so happy to see someone from the field doing so well!