@@saturniunyttech679 I am just not using a VPN at all, public VPN's like that does not provide any privacy or security to speak of on their own. You are just moving the problem from your ISP provider to your VPN provider
@@shaizeeshows1850 It's just used in too much for industrial scientific and educational purposes. And as dangerous as it is in direct contact, it's not like you can use it in a terrorist attack or something. A huge percentage of normal air you breath is nitrogen. It's incredibly common and remarkably inert. Nitrates(chemicals with nitrogen bound to them) are often extremely explosive, because nitrogen REALLY wants to be only bound to itself and inert. But pure nitrogen itself, even in liquid form, isn't really dangerous from a public safety perspective.
@@sreyash3997 Using UA-camr isn't incorrect. UA-camrs are part of the group of people that might use Liquid Nitrogen. Mentioning them doesn't exclude other people.
the waterfall over the pond in my backyard flows constantly, it has gotten cold enough for the splash to freeze and build up and only once did it ever completely seal over with a crystal shell, the splash has air in it so it builds up white ice on the rocks and crystal clumps on the branches of the overhanging spruce.
There is also another thing that causes moving water to not freeze very easy, that he forgot to mention - friction heating. When water goes down a slope or falls, it releases potential energy (just like any mass going down will do). That energy will end up as heat in the water as it hits more water further downstream (at the bottom of waterfalls), rocks and other stuff that slows down the flow. A stream that loses for example 0,6 m of altitude per minute, at average will also give almost 100 W per cubic meter of water that's moving at average - that's quite a lot when the energy has to be given off to air (bad conductor of heat) that's not very far below the freezing point. In his demo, he used liquid nitrogen (that's extremely cold and can absorb large amount of energy in a short time from the water due to it being so much colder than the freezing point and being liquid and conducts heat a lot more than gaseous nitrogen). If he had put the pump or magnetic stirrer in the freezer, it's might not have frozen at all (even if being left there for a week, haha), since the pump or stirrer heats the water enough to never get cold enough to freeze. In your case if you have a fontain pump - all of the power coming from the pump will end up heating the water (water it,s pumped up, it gets potential energy, that is then turned to heat at the bottom of the waterfall). That may be enough, for it to never get cold enough to freeze.
@@HelloWorld-br5qg I'm not too sure with thermal imaging devices specifically, but typically with electronic devices there's a calibration element that allows you to adjust the sensitivity of the sensors. Without an element like this, the thermal imaging device would not be universally usable and you'd have to purchase different thermal imaging devices depending on what you're using it on.... which is obviously a bit stupid.
@@HelloWorld-br5qg I'm not sure if you know but 0°C is not 0 Kelvin... So even -270°C must show some heat in thermal imaging because it's not absolute 0 (0 Kelvin). Of course considering the sensitivity of the sensors and practical problems of the device.
Is it weird that my first thoughts upon seeing this extremely white ice is what a great cocktail ingredient it would make. Like, generally in cocktails we like to use differential cooling to get extremely clear ice, but if you managed to quickly cool water in a high-pressure environment of smoke, or some other aromatic, you could get lovely milky white ice-cubes which as they melt slowly incorporate another flavour into the drink, adding a really long-term evolution to a cocktail.
@@zzz_zzz_ZZZ_zzz_ZZZ_ZZZ_Z_z-ZZ You tried and failed to sound smart. Its also spelled Einstein btw "Hello, bartender? I'd like a White Russian with tomato juice ice cubes" "Won't the tomato juice ruin the cocktail?" "Well aren't you trying to be smartass, Eisteen"
Probably the hardest part of that, would be removing the regular gas, to make room for it to absorb anything else. So put it in a vacuum chamber to degas, already very cold, then take it out and put it into a pressure pot with something smoldering inside and pressurize it to force as much of the smoke in as possible, while bathing that pressure pot in liquid nitrogen. Not sure if the stirring helped or hurt the cause, probably hurt, so it would be better to allow it to be still.
The concept of latent heat should've also touched in this video it would help me understand what latent heat exactly is! I finally had a little better intuition, which was the reason I have subscribed to The Action Lab. Thanks man!
Does anybody remember an episode in Tom and Jerry where the wire from the fridge touches water overflowing from the sink and it just turns the whole room into some sort of ice heaven,lol .It was one of my favourite episodes and this video just made me remember it.
One of the coolest things I learned in physics class was that a substance only increases in temperature between phase changes. Once a phase change "wall" has been reached, the entire substance has to change phase before it can begin increasing in temperature again. It's intuitive, but at the same time, totally insane!
eeehhhhh... yes and no. It depends how good a thermal conductor it is, and how well it's being mixed. Artic ice caps don't prevent the sea from being warm at the equator, even though that's a connected body of water. Similarly, if you have a beaker of ice water and you heat it strongly enough, the water will start boiling before all the ice has melted, because the heat doesn't instantaneously transfer through all the water.
@@heliomance760 That's different than what I'm talking about. All the water in the ocean is in the liquid state, so it can all be different temperatures in different places. If the ocean was boiling then no part of it would be over the boiling temperature. But the ice caps would still be ice gracious that's a different state. They could melt but you wouldn't ever take a temperature reading from an ice cap that was higher than the melting point of ice. Similarly, if you had ice water and it started boiling, the water still wouldn't go over boiling temperature, and the ice wouldn't go above freezing temperature because all of the energy is going into the phase change instead of raising the temperature more.
This is very informative. Could you capture the experience with an infrared camera from different angles? It is interesting to know the temperature distribution.
This guy has an uncanny ability to come up with uniquely cool experiments that I don't see anywhere else. This one and the black flame video are some of the coolest experiments on YT.
@@tultrapfighter Be that as it may, the *supersonic* part denotes the use of minuscule vibrations, attempting to prevent water from freezing by vibrating and shattering the ice crystals before they can form and take hold. I personally do not believe that this would work well, as any water would theoretically dampen most vibrations. I think it would become slush.
@@scottowens398 Plus I have a feeling that you'd end up rearranging randomly the particles in a nuclear patter just like when he gave the supercooled bottle a tap at the beguinning maybe?
I knew the answer to this since I was a kid. Anyone who's ever lived up north would likely have too. As a kid, there was this dammed up pond that was along my bus route to school. The dam produced a decent sized waterfall from the water spilling over the top of it. When the winters would come, the waterfall would freeze up. I remember marveling at the suspended animation of the waterfall as a kid. It was pretty cool!
I wonder how that happens. Does the ice crystal rapidly spread through the fall, or does it start at the bottom and slowly build up as more water hits it?
Water freezes at the top first, but more specifically the edges. In moving water, it starts as small chunks of frozen water that freeze faster than it melts. These chunks eventually collide with other chunks and the water between freezes and fuses. Like the rapid freezing phenomenon, the ice itself becomes the nucleation point. When a solid sheet is eventually formed it thickens from the water below. The funny thing is with the wind unable to take energy from the water to aid in evaporation the water beneath the ice shield still moves at its normal current. With waterfalls in particular its similar to icicles growing in which water runs along a frozen surface and cools enough to add a thin layer of ice around it. I assume since the warmer water is the faster it freezes due to releasing its energy at a faster pace, and with warmer water being closer to the surface, this causes it to freeze there first but that's only a hypothesis of mine and to which anyone who knows better can refute and correct me if I'm wrong.
I cannot resist quoting a Finnish saying here: “On niin kylmä, että kusi kaarelle jäätyy.” An approximate translation: “It is so cold that you’ll get a frozen bow when you pee.”
I grew up by the river. It always used to freeze during the winter. I think it really depends on the speed of the water in motion. That river was flowing rather slowly. But at the same time, the stream, which was flowing through my garden to the said river would never freeze, as it was flowing way faster :)
The high speed thins the boundary layer. The thicker the boundary layer the more it acts as an insulator and that increases the rate of freezing. That's because it allows ice to form, and once any ice has formed, it conducts heat much better than water so a thicker boundary layer increases the speed of freezing (this is basically the opposite of what normally happens as a boundary layer slows heat flow and heat has to leave to make ice.)
seen this happen to. TBH after watching this video it makes more sens why a "waterfall" could be assumed as frozen over. Ive seen a sheer ice wall over the top of a fall, but theres still water pouriong down. Think the upper most layer like mist off the stream is the only thing able to freeze and as the fall falls, the water makes the mist thatd stick to the already made ice. im not a scientist though :B
Yes, but did you see the picture of the guy whose canoe he was paddling was saved by the ice. At the moments of being swept over the edge the water froze, holding him in safe place at a 45 degree angle pointing down. A Army helicopter was called but the warming downdraft of the rotor blades unfroze the canoe and.... The Army were embarrassed by the avoidable death and hushed the whole thing up, obviously. I used to take a lot of LSD but I was there and saw it. The photo has gone "missing" so that proves my story and the cover up that followed.
@@julius855 I would send you some but it froze solid and I destroyed it by heat by over enthusiasticly warming it up. There's a lot of "ICE" about rurally in USA, all year round too - that tweeks the brain quite effectively without fail I understand. It might take a few years to wear off though if you choose that route and your neighbours will not likely be kindly to you during that period.
Creeks are my fave example of freezing moving water one by my house flows like a river and we used to stand on the really thick clear ice and watch it and some little fish
I went to a school with really bad winters. When it got cold enough, we would fill up small buckets with hot water and throw it up into the air to see if it froze before hitting the ground. When it did, it always made the coolest shapes before it landed.
I'm actually familiar with the first part of this. Most industrial kitchens keep their walk-in freezers at zero degrees Fahrenheit and go through a defrost cycle, usually at night, to keep the condenser working. And usually if you keep a pan under it, what you find is a column of ice forming below the condenser. And in my experience they usually look off kilter like a stack of thick disks haphazardly placed. I've always thought they looked cool. Like mesas in the desert.
I designed a water weep system for a car wash system years ago. This idea was presented, however in test, I concluded the time to freeze is a function of input / ground water temp, heat transfer rate through a tube, and time in which the water is exposed to that heat transfer rate. Another factor I didn't consider is the change the in coefficient of friction at the boundary layer when a thin film of ice forms on the ID of the tube. I haven't looked at this carwash system in years, so I don't know if that weep system is still in production.
I'm just gonna put out my thinking why flowing water doesn't freeze that easily before watching this video. So i think because in flowing water it's molecules are moving and colliding with each other so there is some thermal energy in them compared to still water (i think that's why lakes freeze easily than rivers)
Was my thought aswell. The river flows even in subzero, because the molecules are moving around. I guess even middleschool kids know that water freezes when the particles are to slow to move around. And you do experiments where you steer water fast and see that it's heating up.
Freeze a magnet..... You'll see the vortex bands within the water. Awesome video! Experiment: (Stationary, coin shaped magnet supported within the center of a cup of water)
I think also, one reason rivers are hard to freeze is that the bed/water table under the river is insulated by the water itself, so the water gets “warmed” or holds heat from underneath. I figure this is why the top of a river might freeze from exposure, but underneath the frozen layer, still flows.
Very nice experimental presentation. The way Scientific American used to be 60 years ago, as I recall. A few useful points - minus 40 degrees happens to be the same for Centigrade or Farenheit. It's where both scales cross when plotted on a graph. Also -- Water freezes at 0 C degrees, but its greatest density is at +4 C. This means the surface won't freeze if the water is mixed vertically on a large body of water. That's why you can find ice-free water around boats tied to a dock on a frozen lake. Submerged pumps beneath the boats bathe hulls with warmer, but denser, water at the bottom. There's also a safety concern with significant consequences. It happened a few years ago on a popular northern lake. The fresh water surface was very still, when a sudden cold "snap" occurred. The surface water was flash frozen before the warmer water below got a chance to sink -- passing through its greatest density (4C). while establishing a gradient density to support the ice above. Eager ice-fishing enticed people to drive on the ice because of its morning thickness. They found their vehicles drowned when ice warmed from beneath increased density and sank to the bottom -- like their vehicles. It takes time for the ice to build. Similar situations arise from hidden springs. or the water flowing beneath the ice on a river. I wonder what those fishermen would have found had they put a thermocouple on the end of a pole and lowered it gradually through a hole in the ice.
@@meanodustino9563 literally takes less than 3 seconds to skip but okay lol, complain about companies making this free content possible for you and sustainable for youtubers
That's pretty cool! Are there any fun experiments that can be done with "superheating" the water without boiling it? I think you can do that with distilled water, right? What's the highest temperature that liquid water can exist? 🤔
It depends entirely on the pressure the water is at. If you put water into a container and pressurise it, the energy needed to boil it rises with the pressure. If you decrease the pressure, it boils at a lower temperature too.
I don't know about water. But if you use a somewhat exotic pressurized container and liquid carbon dioxide you can end up with a very strange substance that is kind of a gas and a liquid at the same time. You go through a phase where there are some of it that's a gas and some of it that's a liquid and you can see the division but you pass through this phase and the distinction between them disappears and you end up with this stuff that's very difficult for us normal people to understand.
eventually the water gets to an energy level where it is able to overcome the intermolecular forces and fly out of the main body. water reaches this point at 100 C, but due to random chaotic motion and transference of energy, water doesnt always reach this point at once. the best I think that can be done is getting all the water to boil at once.
Step 1: use distilled water (no particles other than water) Step 2: let sit in the window for a day (heats up the water and causes the dissolved air to be released into the headspace [this step isn't strictly necessary] ) Step 3: place in freezer gently so as to not incorporate air back into the water. Step 4: remove from freezer gently to avoid nucleation.
Bro just got all the myths at once🤣 Just keep it just below freezing so when it touches the ice, it brings it to that freezing point. The rest is just how it works: Since it's colder and heat travels from warmest to coldest, it releases the heat from the water into the ice, bringing the water down to a temperature that makes it change into a solid state. This is because the hydrogen bonds (a weak bond) in the water between each molecule at a liquid state aren't strong enough to hold them in the hexagonal crystalline lattice they'd like to be. When energy is removed from the electrons in the hydrogen (heat is released), the attraction from the hydrogen's nucleus and it's electron +the oxygen vs the attraction between hydrogen-hydrogen (hydrogen bond) equals out, allowing it to hold that hexagonal shape and in turn creating ice. 🧊 🙂 You might be thinking: how do two positively charged atoms attract each other? Well, a sole hydrogen atom has 1 proton, neutron and electron but wants 1 more electron to fill it's 1s orbital since the s orbital is a circle shape which needs 2 electrons to be full. If you look at the hydrogen molecule, you'll notice that it's not just a single hydrogen atom, it's H2. This is because of what I said above and that's what's happening between the two hydrogens in 2 water water molecules side-by-side. "How does the hydrogen's electron have an attraction to a hydrogen when it's already bound to the oxygen in it's water molecule?" Electrons don't live between two atoms like a Lewis diagram would show (at least in molecular bonds, ionic bonds give electrons from the cation to the anion and just sit there wishing it had them) Anyway, they share them. An orbital is called an orbital because it's an entire region that the electron can exist in. When there is as much of an attraction to the oxygen than to another hydrogen, it's going to spiral around between them as forces around it act on it. Just got dome my first term in biochemistry 🙂, I'm switching to forestry tho cause I actually want a job lol. Hope this helps someone 🙏
The naturalist for my local park literally said on tv “it’s because there is lava under the rivers and that’s what’s causing them to not freeze during winter” she said it so confidently 😭 like where did you get your degree?
Huh. Was she talking about all rivers, or just the one(s) in her park? Warming via geothermal activity is a thing, but if she's talking about rivers everywhere, then...no.
@Leone Okello not sure what you mean by “not the same way” but here is a cool video of a waterfall near me that freezes some winters, and people climbing it. ua-cam.com/video/IwefKmdq-RE/v-deo.html
@Ramón I'm guessing that he is referring to how the hot coffee instantly freezes(mpemba effect), and due to it being poured out and spread out, freezes into patches of white-ish ice crystals and look as if it has instead been boiled and turned into steam
Well before watching the video, I remember once I tried to freeze bottle of water and I can't really remember if it hadn't a cap on and it just fell and freezed or if it just exploded inside the freezer and that's what made it freeze mid air, but water was frozen in a shape I assumed to be exploding water. Another thing, thanks to the not sliding property of fluids I assume it is possible to freeze moving fluids
The number one product in the category of approximately 15-18 cm wide cubical plushies with white stripes and elephant pictures in them: *"Hmm, I don't know."*
@@miki_lla402 ik that but if it's a hydrophobic container then there no where the water can start freezing from therefore water would get supercooled without freezing
@@megadragon3990 well... not unless it's like a distilled water. The problem with nucleation is that it can be a dust particle that's big enough to start the freezing. Even if you keep moving the water, eventually it will freeze.
I have seen a frozen waterfall near my home in 2010. We had like -15°C for weeks in middle Germany. I think that freezing falling water is harder than freezing flowing water.
Where I live the winters get so cold that even the fast-moving water in the rivers will freeze completely, you can see the ice is even super wavy (although there is still moving water beneath the surface of the ice).
3 роки тому+12
How exactly can one avoid giving water nucleation point? I would guess distilled water in a very clean container but maybe I'm wrong?
Exactly, my professor have done an interesting experience on distilled water. He "super-cooled" it and then introduced a little dust on it. It frozed instantly (Sorry for the bad English not my native language)
@@babyyoda4831 No problem. We all never stop learning. (It froze immediately, or it has frozen...) But you are right. This experiment is fascinating. Nice, your teacher showed it to you. This also can be dangerous: When you leave bottles of water outside, when it’s cold, it might happen that the water inside is still liquid. But when you open it, the pressure inside escapes and the water freezes immediately. But ice has a bigger volume than the same amount of water. So while freezing, it expands. This can make a bottle explode in your hands. Under pressure- water with gas- water can reach lower temperatures below zero. Also the emerging bubbles can then trigger the nucleation.
What was meant was when it is flowing. Of course there is also motion in the atoms when it is frozen. It is important to endeavor to understand the meaning which was meant.
@@drdca8263 the Kelvin system is actually a bit flawed. We have actually reached "negative" Kelvin. This is mainly due to incorrect calculations when Kelvin was originally created
Jacob Osborn my understanding is that negative kelvin temperatures aren’t so much “going through 0”, so much as the inverse temperature “going through 0”, and as such, something with a negative temperature, or perhaps better thought of as a negative inverse temperature, is instead of being very cold, is instead very very hot? And is based on arranging things in a very precarious way? The temperature is related to, uh, change in heat vs, uh, change in entropy I think?
People don't understand just how rare and odd water is, it's so unique it's crazy, we base all of our metrics around it, we learn new things about the basis of our life every day
You should do a video on how water boils and freezes at different temperatures depending on air pressure. I live in the mountains, so the boiling point here is lower than average, and the freezing point is higher. I like to confuse people by showing that it's snowing at 2°C which is generally too warm for snow.
Then it's colder then the freeze temperature of the wiper fluid. Or you have the chill factor. -10 will feel like -30 on windshield on the motorway. Have experienced it a couple of times to. Needed to slow down and use a lot of fluid to prevent it from getting icey
You could try and find the point from where it starts freezing. You can use ice and salt for moderatly low temp, acetone+ dry ice, where you can slowly monitor and adjust the temp of the acetone by adding more dry ice to get to about -80°C 😄 Edit: and compare destilled water, tap water and salty water (to simulate seawater)... Would be a cool project!
If you live in Northern areas you see frozen waterfalls, they are rather pretty. Yes it is possible, people icenskate on rivers it just takes longer to freeze.
Hey everyone thanks for watching! Don’t forget to check out www.privateinternetaccess.com/theactionlab!
Hi
If possible, plz try creating nuclear power RC car
i reacted earlier than you
now harden moving concrete !
Only 10 likes!!
I’ll hand it to you, that frozen whirlpool is actually pretty cool.
damn!
I remember this channel from electroBoom. Who else?
Heard about this channel from JLaservideo
Im from both
How do you you Who
"Can you freeze a liquid while it's moving?"
7-Eleven Slurpee Machine: "Like two days out of the week, maybe."
Good one
Thank you! I was going to say, anyone who has had a Slurpee should already know the answer to this question. You just worded it better.
McDonalds Ice cream machine: no
@@gunsmjl well a slushy isn't fully frozen :/
@@wetwaterbucket3390 :/ r/facepalm
2:15 < video start
Thanks
We need more people like you man
We owe you some
My man
Cartoons: "actually it's super easy, barely an inconvenience"
Water is tight
Freezing water is tight
Wow wow wow....wow
@Rodrigo E. no
@Rodrigo E. do you not understand the joke?
It is impressive how many "leading" VPN's that exist...
Imma just use
Firefox VPN
@@saturniunyttech679 I am just not using a VPN at all, public VPN's like that does not provide any privacy or security to speak of on their own. You are just moving the problem from your ISP provider to your VPN provider
@@GummieI always use a paid and trusted vpn if you worry about privacy alot
@@GummieI vpn is for privacy while browsing the internet
@@GummieI how to get true privacy?
How cool is science when you don't have to worry about grades
People get liquid nitrogen like its milk at a grocery store or something
@@shaizeeshows1850 It's just used in too much for industrial scientific and educational purposes. And as dangerous as it is in direct contact, it's not like you can use it in a terrorist attack or something. A huge percentage of normal air you breath is nitrogen. It's incredibly common and remarkably inert. Nitrates(chemicals with nitrogen bound to them) are often extremely explosive, because nitrogen REALLY wants to be only bound to itself and inert. But pure nitrogen itself, even in liquid form, isn't really dangerous from a public safety perspective.
200th like
@@Garresh1 well you can use it to rob places, freezee and smash, from what I saw in yt videos about it
What, are you saying you DON’T use liquid nitrogen in your cereal?
@@pielord33321 whatbthe heck is dewar?? Am i the only one who doesn't know?
Nobody:
UA-camrs when they need ice: LIQUID NITROGEN
Technically using the word UA-camr is incorrect
@@sreyash3997 how
@@ZephSpiral becz not just youtubers its used by scientists and people who do experiments. here he is doing the same.
I mean, it is one of the coldest things to easily get
@@sreyash3997 Using UA-camr isn't incorrect. UA-camrs are part of the group of people that might use Liquid Nitrogen. Mentioning them doesn't exclude other people.
Once as a kid ive Seen a frozen waterall and was wondering how thats possible gut it looked amazing
my dad sometimes climbes up them
Fun fact: Icicles are just frozen (mini) waterfalls.
@@alexandermcclure6185 no. No they aren’t
@@alexandermcclure6185 go back to school
Do they teach icicle science in school... I must have missed that.
Isn't he right though?
Frozen waterfalls: “What, am I a joke to you?”
The am I a joke to u guy" am I a joke to you? ”
@@aaronalagos45 i live in canada and i have seen frozen waterfall, one day my cousin destroyed one and it was just ice... and the poo in my pants
@@aaronalagos45 "frozed"
@@aaronalagos45 yes, but the outside was moving at once, therefore moving water can be frozen
@@maximpouliot8634 lol
the waterfall over the pond in my backyard flows constantly, it has gotten cold enough for the splash to freeze and build up and only once did it ever completely seal over with a crystal shell, the splash has air in it so it builds up white ice on the rocks and crystal clumps on the branches of the overhanging spruce.
Where do you live?
That seems like it's a beautiful site to view..
@@stopthephilosophicalzombie9017 perfectly normal question to ask a stranger on the internet haha
@@yashagarwal8249 Answers: I live on planet Earth 😁
There is also another thing that causes moving water to not freeze very easy, that he forgot to mention - friction heating. When water goes down a slope or falls, it releases potential energy (just like any mass going down will do). That energy will end up as heat in the water as it hits more water further downstream (at the bottom of waterfalls), rocks and other stuff that slows down the flow. A stream that loses for example 0,6 m of altitude per minute, at average will also give almost 100 W per cubic meter of water that's moving at average - that's quite a lot when the energy has to be given off to air (bad conductor of heat) that's not very far below the freezing point.
In his demo, he used liquid nitrogen (that's extremely cold and can absorb large amount of energy in a short time from the water due to it being so much colder than the freezing point and being liquid and conducts heat a lot more than gaseous nitrogen). If he had put the pump or magnetic stirrer in the freezer, it's might not have frozen at all (even if being left there for a week, haha), since the pump or stirrer heats the water enough to never get cold enough to freeze.
In your case if you have a fontain pump - all of the power coming from the pump will end up heating the water (water it,s pumped up, it gets potential energy, that is then turned to heat at the bottom of the waterfall). That may be enough, for it to never get cold enough to freeze.
I found this channel today and i already watched 10 videos. Its so interesting and its awsome that you can see the experiment on camera.
Actually my dad wrote his doctor thesis about this whole topic, so interesting!!!
What kind of doctor? Can I read it
I'll change this comment later.
@@agentranger yeah same
Your dad must be... _cool._ *CSI music starts*
@@lukedowneslukedownes5900 i also have the same 2 questions
you should've incorporated some thermal imaging in this demo.
I second this
I thought thermal imaging was for temperature above 0°C, not really sure if it works for below 0 degrees.
Edit : Okay they work below 0°C too!
@@HelloWorld-br5qg I'm not too sure with thermal imaging devices specifically, but typically with electronic devices there's a calibration element that allows you to adjust the sensitivity of the sensors. Without an element like this, the thermal imaging device would not be universally usable and you'd have to purchase different thermal imaging devices depending on what you're using it on.... which is obviously a bit stupid.
@@HelloWorld-br5qg I'm not sure if you know but 0°C is not 0 Kelvin... So even -270°C must show some heat in thermal imaging because it's not absolute 0 (0 Kelvin). Of course considering the sensitivity of the sensors and practical problems of the device.
@@karangupta4978 yeah makes sense. Even if the range of thermal camera starts at 200K, it would work really well for this experiment*.
Your channel is so underrated. Your love for science has taught millions at least something they didn't know
Wait he’s not underrated tho
@@googleaccount402 ya lmao he has 3.79 mil subscribers
How is underrated?
@@yaellevi5448 *10 months ago*
@@Bruh-zg2fj did he just blow up less than 10 months ago?
Imagine just swimming in a stream and this man just... *freezes* it
this guy is the embodiment of **hits blunt**
That would be scary lmao
Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. season 1 epizode 12 intensifies.
Water go brrr
Bahaha
Is it weird that my first thoughts upon seeing this extremely white ice is what a great cocktail ingredient it would make.
Like, generally in cocktails we like to use differential cooling to get extremely clear ice, but if you managed to quickly cool water in a high-pressure environment of smoke, or some other aromatic, you could get lovely milky white ice-cubes which as they melt slowly incorporate another flavour into the drink, adding a really long-term evolution to a cocktail.
just freeze something like tomato water juice and add it to the cocktail it ain’t that difficult eisteen
@@zzz_zzz_ZZZ_zzz_ZZZ_ZZZ_Z_z-ZZ You tried and failed to sound smart. Its also spelled Einstein btw
"Hello, bartender? I'd like a White Russian with tomato juice ice cubes"
"Won't the tomato juice ruin the cocktail?"
"Well aren't you trying to be smartass, Eisteen"
Honestly I can see that being incredible and a very solid invention. If you have the will, I bet you can make a lot of money off of that idea
Probably the hardest part of that, would be removing the regular gas, to make room for it to absorb anything else.
So put it in a vacuum chamber to degas, already very cold, then take it out and put it into a pressure pot with something smoldering inside and pressurize it to force as much of the smoke in as possible, while bathing that pressure pot in liquid nitrogen. Not sure if the stirring helped or hurt the cause, probably hurt, so it would be better to allow it to be still.
@@zzz_zzz_ZZZ_zzz_ZZZ_ZZZ_Z_z-ZZ einstine.. not that difficult to do a google search dude
The concept of latent heat should've also touched in this video it would help me understand what latent heat exactly is!
I finally had a little better intuition, which was the reason I have subscribed to The Action Lab. Thanks man!
"Usually you see river water flowing at winter"
Russians: "Doubt"
well, you see it once you shoot the ice under a Panzer.
Midwesterners. Hold my beer
True
Canadians as well!
Canada: "big doubt"
Does anybody remember an episode in Tom and Jerry where the wire from the fridge touches water overflowing from the sink and it just turns the whole room into some sort of ice heaven,lol .It was one of my favourite episodes and this video just made me remember it.
Yea
lol yeah.. if you can give me the episode title I'd be grateful 😆
Great episode, easily the peak of Tom and Jerry, it went down hill from there.
@@ahmedkudo8743 mice follies
@@clarkbrowngaming350 oh thank you 😊
One of the coolest things I learned in physics class was that a substance only increases in temperature between phase changes. Once a phase change "wall" has been reached, the entire substance has to change phase before it can begin increasing in temperature again. It's intuitive, but at the same time, totally insane!
eeehhhhh... yes and no. It depends how good a thermal conductor it is, and how well it's being mixed. Artic ice caps don't prevent the sea from being warm at the equator, even though that's a connected body of water. Similarly, if you have a beaker of ice water and you heat it strongly enough, the water will start boiling before all the ice has melted, because the heat doesn't instantaneously transfer through all the water.
@@heliomance760 That's different than what I'm talking about. All the water in the ocean is in the liquid state, so it can all be different temperatures in different places. If the ocean was boiling then no part of it would be over the boiling temperature. But the ice caps would still be ice gracious that's a different state. They could melt but you wouldn't ever take a temperature reading from an ice cap that was higher than the melting point of ice. Similarly, if you had ice water and it started boiling, the water still wouldn't go over boiling temperature, and the ice wouldn't go above freezing temperature because all of the energy is going into the phase change instead of raising the temperature more.
1:55 I love how they chose the picture of him doing his signature hand signals while talking
I noticed that too
This man looks like a younger version of Hide the pain Harold
Time travel
He does . A picture of him in the army was actually just released - or I just saw it . Lol
(・o・)
@Sid J that’s an old photo
@@krishhkarthikeyan orr hear me out..... Time travel
This is very informative. Could you capture the experience with an infrared camera from different angles? It is interesting to know the temperature distribution.
This is a great idea!
The vapours would be an issue right
Real life Equivalent of-
"Piplup use whirlpool"
"buneary use ice beam"
If you add squirtle you can also use poliwag or poliwhirl
Or maybe Vanillite can also work
I think this is one only pokemon fans wil understand and as a pokemon fan I liked it
Yes
Wait bundeary can use ice beam?-
does everyone but me just have big old flasks of liquid nitrogen knocking about the house?
Y E S
Yes, lol. How do you chill during a hot summer day?
You don’t have a big old flask of liquid nitrogen? Super weird, where are your from sub Saharan africa
I’m surprised how cheap it is, less than gasoline.
@@blacksquirrel4008 to be fair, you can literally get it out of thin air.
considering that water that froze never froze the waterfall, I believe it's incredibly difficult
also, 2:50 the thermometer is a nucleation site!
As someone who lives in a very cold climate, I can confirm flowing water can freeze.
Yes. Depending on the size of the body of water it can freeze easier or not.
Definitely freezes over up here in MN
As a Minnesotan I can confirm this
People here put food colouring on frozen waterfalls
This guy has an uncanny ability to come up with uniquely cool experiments that I don't see anywhere else. This one and the black flame video are some of the coolest experiments on YT.
If you vibrate water supersonically could you prevent it from freezing at -48c?
tiny vibrations are heat
@@tultrapfighter Be that as it may, the *supersonic* part denotes the use of minuscule vibrations, attempting to prevent water from freezing by vibrating and shattering the ice crystals before they can form and take hold. I personally do not believe that this would work well, as any water would theoretically dampen most vibrations. I think it would become slush.
@@scottowens398 Plus I have a feeling that you'd end up rearranging randomly the particles in a nuclear patter just like when he gave the supercooled bottle a tap at the beguinning maybe?
depends on how hard you vibrate it
I knew the answer to this since I was a kid. Anyone who's ever lived up north would likely have too. As a kid, there was this dammed up pond that was along my bus route to school. The dam produced a decent sized waterfall from the water spilling over the top of it. When the winters would come, the waterfall would freeze up. I remember marveling at the suspended animation of the waterfall as a kid. It was pretty cool!
Wow, cool
Yeah, the Detroit River freezes over every year. Not completely obviously, but it has a very thick ice shield.
Bro experienced Fimbulwinter 💀
I wonder how that happens. Does the ice crystal rapidly spread through the fall, or does it start at the bottom and slowly build up as more water hits it?
Water freezes at the top first, but more specifically the edges. In moving water, it starts as small chunks of frozen water that freeze faster than it melts. These chunks eventually collide with other chunks and the water between freezes and fuses. Like the rapid freezing phenomenon, the ice itself becomes the nucleation point. When a solid sheet is eventually formed it thickens from the water below. The funny thing is with the wind unable to take energy from the water to aid in evaporation the water beneath the ice shield still moves at its normal current. With waterfalls in particular its similar to icicles growing in which water runs along a frozen surface and cools enough to add a thin layer of ice around it.
I assume since the warmer water is the faster it freezes due to releasing its energy at a faster pace, and with warmer water being closer to the surface, this causes it to freeze there first but that's only a hypothesis of mine and to which anyone who knows better can refute and correct me if I'm wrong.
I cannot resist quoting a Finnish saying here: “On niin kylmä, että kusi kaarelle jäätyy.” An approximate translation: “It is so cold that you’ll get a frozen bow when you pee.”
😳😳😳😳😳😳😳😳😳😳😳😳😳😳😳😳😳 i peed you
I'm going to have to take this 😂
Mcdonalds arch
(・o・)
Oucb
I work for an ice company, this is how we create perfectly clear ice for ice sculptures. Great Video
True facts: -40 C is the same as -40 F, or at least that's what comes up when you punch it in a celsius to fahrenheit calculator.
I don't know why I'm so amazed by this
Yeah i know that
Yeah it is….
@@ChrisRobinson04 because the degrees are different sizes there has to be a point where they meet and cross over, -40 just happens to be that point.
@@vara202 Guys, don't tell him
I grew up by the river. It always used to freeze during the winter. I think it really depends on the speed of the water in motion. That river was flowing rather slowly. But at the same time, the stream, which was flowing through my garden to the said river would never freeze, as it was flowing way faster :)
The high speed thins the boundary layer. The thicker the boundary layer the more it acts as an insulator and that increases the rate of freezing. That's because it allows ice to form, and once any ice has formed, it conducts heat much better than water so a thicker boundary layer increases the speed of freezing (this is basically the opposite of what normally happens as a boundary layer slows heat flow and heat has to leave to make ice.)
seen this happen to. TBH after watching this video it makes more sens why a "waterfall" could be assumed as frozen over. Ive seen a sheer ice wall over the top of a fall, but theres still water pouriong down. Think the upper most layer like mist off the stream is the only thing able to freeze and as the fall falls, the water makes the mist thatd stick to the already made ice. im not a scientist though :B
i first saw your vids in high school like, many years ago. your voice is iconic, in a good way. nice vids mr action
My garden hose during winter: "am I a joke to you?"
Relatable
(・o・)
Gruesome
GRU HAS A GUN!!!!
Me:lol
l
l l
@@gojo-sensei0901 things are about to get GRUSOME
How does this man have an answer to every question I’ve ever had 😭 love the videos!
I remember the water in our gutters used to freeze over while flowing out. We’d see a stream of ice on the downspout…was always fascinated by it.
6:07 when he said thats so cool, he meant how cold it was
lol
I’ve seen footage of Niagara Falls partially frozen over.
Woah really send link
@@clarkbrowngaming350 just look it up on google
Yes, but did you see the picture of the guy whose canoe he was paddling was saved by the ice. At the moments of being swept over the edge the water froze, holding him in safe place at a 45 degree angle pointing down.
A Army helicopter was called but the warming downdraft of the rotor blades unfroze the canoe and....
The Army were embarrassed by the avoidable death and hushed the whole thing up, obviously.
I used to take a lot of LSD but I was there and saw it. The photo has gone "missing" so that proves my story and the cover up that followed.
@@aarkaarkangel
I want whatever LSD your on mate
@@julius855 I would send you some but it froze solid and I destroyed it by heat by over enthusiasticly warming it up.
There's a lot of "ICE" about rurally in USA, all year round too - that tweeks the brain quite effectively without fail I understand.
It might take a few years to wear off though if you choose that route and your neighbours will not likely be kindly to you during that period.
Creeks are my fave example of freezing moving water one by my house flows like a river and we used to stand on the really thick clear ice and watch it and some little fish
Imagine if The Action Lab and Mark Rober did a collab , it would be the best day of my life
IKR
What about NileRed?
@@甘いお茶漬け Well at the time I wrote this I didnt know about him
@@yajjatiyer4879 just asking
Action lab, Mark Rober, SmarterEveryday, Nilered, Codyslab, Electroboom, Plasma Channel, Veritasium, Vsauce and Kurzgezagt collab
I went to a school with really bad winters. When it got cold enough, we would fill up small buckets with hot water and throw it up into the air to see if it froze before hitting the ground. When it did, it always made the coolest shapes before it landed.
"Hey guys, today we will be seeing if it's possible to freeze flowing water!"
*That kid BEHIND THE SCENES: "Are you serious right neow?"*
I thought he was going to say "I would like to thank Private internet access for this phenomenon" lol
(・o・)
I didn't have the doubt but I appreciate the one's who had this doubt. Good job guys 👍🏼. And thanks for making it this easy to understand ❤️.
@犬のふしだらな女 watatatatata
@犬のふしだらな女 its not for Zohan
I'm actually familiar with the first part of this. Most industrial kitchens keep their walk-in freezers at zero degrees Fahrenheit and go through a defrost cycle, usually at night, to keep the condenser working. And usually if you keep a pan under it, what you find is a column of ice forming below the condenser. And in my experience they usually look off kilter like a stack of thick disks haphazardly placed. I've always thought they looked cool. Like mesas in the desert.
*Me who knows that the earth moves, so that means that water that is frozen is moving*
lol
Me who knows atoms move unless its 0 kelvin
@@Enderia2 me who knows that zero kelvin is impossible to reach except for black holes
@@samuelwiley8736 me who lives in a black hole
@@yuhperiodt me who is a black hole
This dude has a really wholesome vibe to him for some reason🙂
Yea, That just how he is.
I designed a water weep system for a car wash system years ago. This idea was presented, however in test, I concluded the time to freeze is a function of input / ground water temp, heat transfer rate through a tube, and time in which the water is exposed to that heat transfer rate. Another factor I didn't consider is the change the in coefficient of friction at the boundary layer when a thin film of ice forms on the ID of the tube. I haven't looked at this carwash system in years, so I don't know if that weep system is still in production.
6:07 " *That's so cool* " I see what you did here
I see what YOU did THERE
(・o・)
I'm just gonna put out my thinking why flowing water doesn't freeze that easily before watching this video. So i think because in flowing water it's molecules are moving and colliding with each other so there is some thermal energy in them compared to still water (i think that's why lakes freeze easily than rivers)
Interesting I didnt know that you learn something everyday
That some smart thinking!
I thought this was common sense in the science world lol
Was my thought aswell. The river flows even in subzero, because the molecules are moving around. I guess even middleschool kids know that water freezes when the particles are to slow to move around. And you do experiments where you steer water fast and see that it's heating up.
But there are several cases in which a waterfall freezes in the air
itself.
I absolutely love your videos. Your passion for science and direct delivery makes for one of, if not the best science channel on UA-cam.
Mark Rober, Backyard Scientist, NileRed, and Kurzgesagt: Allow us to introduce ourselves
The algorithm recommended three of your videos today sir and for have earned my subscription
Freeze a magnet..... You'll see the vortex bands within the water. Awesome video!
Experiment: (Stationary, coin shaped magnet supported within the center of a cup of water)
I think also, one reason rivers are hard to freeze is that the bed/water table under the river is insulated by the water itself, so the water gets “warmed” or holds heat from underneath. I figure this is why the top of a river might freeze from exposure, but underneath the frozen layer, still flows.
There’s a waterfall near where I live, and most winters it freezes solid. It looks so pretty
Very nice experimental presentation. The way Scientific American used to be 60 years ago, as I recall.
A few useful points - minus 40 degrees happens to be the same for Centigrade or Farenheit. It's where both scales cross when plotted on a graph.
Also -- Water freezes at 0 C degrees, but its greatest density is at +4 C.
This means the surface won't freeze if the water is mixed vertically on a large body of water.
That's why you can find ice-free water around boats tied to a dock on a frozen lake.
Submerged pumps beneath the boats bathe hulls with warmer, but denser, water at the bottom.
There's also a safety concern with significant consequences.
It happened a few years ago on a popular northern lake.
The fresh water surface was very still, when a sudden cold "snap" occurred.
The surface water was flash frozen before the warmer water below got a chance to sink -- passing through its greatest density (4C).
while establishing a gradient density to support the ice above.
Eager ice-fishing enticed people to drive on the ice because of its morning thickness.
They found their vehicles drowned when ice warmed from beneath increased density and sank to the bottom -- like their vehicles.
It takes time for the ice to build.
Similar situations arise from hidden springs. or the water flowing beneath the ice on a river.
I wonder what those fishermen would have found had they put a thermocouple on the end of a pole and lowered it gradually through a hole in the ice.
Skip to 02:15 Unless you're in the market for VPN
Thanks bro u saved my 30 secs.huge respect
@@meanodustino9563 literally takes less than 3 seconds to skip but okay lol, complain about companies making this free content possible for you and sustainable for youtubers
the moment i noticed how often you blinked your eyes, i couldn't 'un-notice' it :')
Blinking out a signal
It’s Morse code for “T O R T U R E”. His wife beats him.
@@darenmiller2218 lol
omg, now i can't too, thank you
@@Zloy_nub thank you?
Always good to know more about Kuzan.
with your knowledge in science paired with your curiosity, i bet you could create a great SCP story.
That's pretty cool! Are there any fun experiments that can be done with "superheating" the water without boiling it? I think you can do that with distilled water, right? What's the highest temperature that liquid water can exist? 🤔
It depends entirely on the pressure the water is at. If you put water into a container and pressurise it, the energy needed to boil it rises with the pressure.
If you decrease the pressure, it boils at a lower temperature too.
I don't know about water. But if you use a somewhat exotic pressurized container and liquid carbon dioxide you can end up with a very strange substance that is kind of a gas and a liquid at the same time. You go through a phase where there are some of it that's a gas and some of it that's a liquid and you can see the division but you pass through this phase and the distinction between them disappears and you end up with this stuff that's very difficult for us normal people to understand.
A planet does have hot ice
eventually the water gets to an energy level where it is able to overcome the intermolecular forces and fly out of the main body. water reaches this point at 100 C, but due to random chaotic motion and transference of energy, water doesnt always reach this point at once. the best I think that can be done is getting all the water to boil at once.
I discovered superheated water in my microwave... fortunately I was not disfigured lol
Freezing a water bottle has only ever done exactly that for me. It freezes, as expected. What do you change to get it supercooled?
first of all absolutely zero particles. you might also want as little air as possible dissolved inside your water
maybe it works better with distilled water
Step 1: use distilled water (no particles other than water)
Step 2: let sit in the window for a day (heats up the water and causes the dissolved air to be released into the headspace [this step isn't strictly necessary] )
Step 3: place in freezer gently so as to not incorporate air back into the water.
Step 4: remove from freezer gently to avoid nucleation.
Bro just got all the myths at once🤣
Just keep it just below freezing so when it touches the ice, it brings it to that freezing point. The rest is just how it works:
Since it's colder and heat travels from warmest to coldest, it releases the heat from the water into the ice, bringing the water down to a temperature that makes it change into a solid state.
This is because the hydrogen bonds (a weak bond) in the water between each molecule at a liquid state aren't strong enough to hold them in the hexagonal crystalline lattice they'd like to be. When energy is removed from the electrons in the hydrogen (heat is released), the attraction from the hydrogen's nucleus and it's electron +the oxygen vs the attraction between hydrogen-hydrogen (hydrogen bond) equals out, allowing it to hold that hexagonal shape and in turn creating ice. 🧊 🙂
You might be thinking: how do two positively charged atoms attract each other? Well, a sole hydrogen atom has 1 proton, neutron and electron but wants 1 more electron to fill it's 1s orbital since the s orbital is a circle shape which needs 2 electrons to be full. If you look at the hydrogen molecule, you'll notice that it's not just a single hydrogen atom, it's H2. This is because of what I said above and that's what's happening between the two hydrogens in 2 water water molecules side-by-side.
"How does the hydrogen's electron have an attraction to a hydrogen when it's already bound to the oxygen in it's water molecule?"
Electrons don't live between two atoms like a Lewis diagram would show (at least in molecular bonds, ionic bonds give electrons from the cation to the anion and just sit there wishing it had them) Anyway, they share them. An orbital is called an orbital because it's an entire region that the electron can exist in. When there is as much of an attraction to the oxygen than to another hydrogen, it's going to spiral around between them as forces around it act on it.
Just got dome my first term in biochemistry 🙂, I'm switching to forestry tho cause I actually want a job lol. Hope this helps someone 🙏
@@williamsherwood5117 Forestry's a way better career.
Rivers stop flowing and freeze in my neck of the woods in Canada.
"Hey everyone, today we're going to if it's possible to freeze-"
*Video buffers*
Time has been stopped.
@@omegaultramax time has been.. _frozen_
(・o・)
Good content as usual, title and thumbnail aren't misleading which is unusual. Mad props!
We learn sooo much from your content,thank you
Next: will liquified gallium harden at hardening temperature if its flowing
The naturalist for my local park literally said on tv “it’s because there is lava under the rivers and that’s what’s causing them to not freeze during winter” she said it so confidently 😭 like where did you get your degree?
Huh. Was she talking about all rivers, or just the one(s) in her park? Warming via geothermal activity is a thing, but if she's talking about rivers everywhere, then...no.
this guy is like michael and toby combined from The Office
did everyone forget that water falls get frozen all the time lmao
@Leone Okello not sure what you mean by “not the same way” but here is a cool video of a waterfall near me that freezes some winters, and people climbing it. ua-cam.com/video/IwefKmdq-RE/v-deo.html
@@jpe1 im guessing he means that it freezes in the same way an icicle forms
Or throwing coffee in winter times and it freezes into gas....
MacGyver
@Ramón I'm guessing that he is referring to how the hot coffee instantly freezes(mpemba effect), and due to it being poured out and spread out, freezes into patches of white-ish ice crystals and look as if it has instead been boiled and turned into steam
Man channels like this and Joe Scott are what I missed out in school
Well before watching the video, I remember once I tried to freeze bottle of water and I can't really remember if it hadn't a cap on and it just fell and freezed or if it just exploded inside the freezer and that's what made it freeze mid air, but water was frozen in a shape I assumed to be exploding water.
Another thing, thanks to the not sliding property of fluids I assume it is possible to freeze moving fluids
it's always been interesting to me how it seems like every product is the "Number one" in it's category lol
The number one product in the category of approximately 15-18 cm wide cubical plushies with white stripes and elephant pictures in them: *"Hmm, I don't know."*
Lol
That's legally called, "puffery", and is how restaurants can get away with saying "we have the BEST x!" without getting sued.
I've long known of supercooled water, but this is the first time I've seen demonstrations. It's really great to see! :D
what if the water is in a hydrophobic container
I wanna see this
@@miki_lla402 ik that but if it's a hydrophobic container then there no where the water can start freezing from therefore water would get supercooled without freezing
This is actually really cool.
@@megadragon3990 well... not unless it's like a distilled water. The problem with nucleation is that it can be a dust particle that's big enough to start the freezing. Even if you keep moving the water, eventually it will freeze.
Nature is amazing and this guy explains everything so good
"nucleation point" that sounds so cool for literally freezing water
Lol
Pun intended or not
@@halmittens now it is
@@mangoleafs LOL
Imagine freezing hurricanes before they approach the shore
That's how you make a snow storm
Lol yeah a hurricane is a storm not a giant whirlpool of water
U gud bro?
I have seen a frozen waterfall near my home in 2010.
We had like -15°C for weeks in middle Germany.
I think that freezing falling water is harder than freezing flowing water.
frozen waterfall works different tho. it doesnt instantly freeze but it slowly drops down ans freezes. its like stalaktiten.
@@multiarray2320 I know, it just needs to be very cold for a longer time
@@zorro2757 richtig
Your videos are getting better and better, keep it up :)
3:33
Yeah
Reminded me when i put a pepsi bottle in a freezer and then ehen i open the bottle it instantly freezes making it taste amazing :)
So many dogs
Why does his face look like he’s trying to hide severe pain.
Shhh. He's just trying not to blink horizontal.
@@SrJrXVIII Delicious
He has too much knowledge that he has to hold back
@@SrJrXVIII He blinks vertical instead
He's probably smuggling gold bars in his ass. He made the video before he boarded his flight from India to the U.S.
Where I live the winters get so cold that even the fast-moving water in the rivers will freeze completely, you can see the ice is even super wavy (although there is still moving water beneath the surface of the ice).
How exactly can one avoid giving water nucleation point? I would guess distilled water in a very clean container but maybe I'm wrong?
-48°C is probably the temperature for pure water
Yep. Clean container, possibly smooth surface. Even scratches can start nucleation, oder a tiny piece of dust.
Exactly, my professor have done an interesting experience on distilled water. He "super-cooled" it and then introduced a little dust on it. It frozed instantly
(Sorry for the bad English not my native language)
@@babyyoda4831 No problem. We all never stop learning. (It froze immediately, or it has frozen...)
But you are right. This experiment is fascinating. Nice, your teacher showed it to you.
This also can be dangerous: When you leave bottles of water outside, when it’s cold, it might happen that the water inside is still liquid. But when you open it, the pressure inside escapes and the water freezes immediately. But ice has a bigger volume than the same amount of water. So while freezing, it expands. This can make a bottle explode in your hands.
Under pressure- water with gas- water can reach lower temperatures below zero. Also the emerging bubbles can then trigger the nucleation.
But in any case, fluids are always moving aren't they? The molecules are always in random motion right?
What was meant was when it is flowing. Of course there is also motion in the atoms when it is frozen. It is important to endeavor to understand the meaning which was meant.
They are always moving, technically ‘vibrating’ all the time EXCEPT at around -273°C (0 kelvin) this is the coldest temperature possible
Hazza22 it isn’t possible to reach 0K
@@drdca8263 the Kelvin system is actually a bit flawed. We have actually reached "negative" Kelvin. This is mainly due to incorrect calculations when Kelvin was originally created
Jacob Osborn my understanding is that negative kelvin temperatures aren’t so much “going through 0”, so much as the inverse temperature “going through 0”, and as such, something with a negative temperature, or perhaps better thought of as a negative inverse temperature, is instead of being very cold, is instead very very hot? And is based on arranging things in a very precarious way? The temperature is related to, uh, change in heat vs, uh, change in entropy I think?
People don't understand just how rare and odd water is, it's so unique it's crazy, we base all of our metrics around it, we learn new things about the basis of our life every day
I was actually thinking about this a couple of weeks ago after seeing a neighbour's frozen drainpipe (temperature was -6⁰C)
I always know when we're getting a good Action Lab video when I say "WOAHHH THAT IS SO COOL" moments before you do!!
you are Praveen Mohan the archeologist of science... huge respect! good explanation! you both guys just do a postpartum on what you do research!
You should do a video on how water boils and freezes at different temperatures depending on air pressure. I live in the mountains, so the boiling point here is lower than average, and the freezing point is higher. I like to confuse people by showing that it's snowing at 2°C which is generally too warm for snow.
I once saw wiper fluid freeze on the windshield upon impact while driving.
Then it's colder then the freeze temperature of the wiper fluid. Or you have the chill factor. -10 will feel like -30 on windshield on the motorway. Have experienced it a couple of times to. Needed to slow down and use a lot of fluid to prevent it from getting icey
That must be a nightmare
@@King4s It was at Mt Hood, Oregon. I may have been -30
for anyone wondering, the sponser ends at 2:15
”Can flowing Water freeze?”
Swedes : Tjena tjena .
Bök bök
Translate
Tjena tjena : hey hey
Lol
You could try and find the point from where it starts freezing. You can use ice and salt for moderatly low temp, acetone+ dry ice, where you can slowly monitor and adjust the temp of the acetone by adding more dry ice to get to about -80°C 😄
Edit: and compare destilled water, tap water and salty water (to simulate seawater)... Would be a cool project!
If you live in Northern areas you see frozen waterfalls, they are rather pretty.
Yes it is possible, people icenskate on rivers it just takes longer to freeze.
Action lab dictionary:That's so coool! 😂😂😁