@PewDiePie Slav if the numbers are right, the io eurptions are only small compared to flood basalts formations. since the video you pointed out gives 100,000km3 for debris ejected while something like the siberian traps has ejected molten rock with a volume of 3-4million km3 literally 30-40x more. now the io plumes are high because io is tiny compared to earth, it takes far less energy to toss something to that height as compared to earth
@PewDiePie Slav If we were standing wearing animal fur in front of a cave with a spear in hand on Jupiter's closest moon io... the marvellous sight of some super eruption would be a pleasant goodbye and last farewell for our senses compared to the pain inflicted by everything else in that environment. Lakagígar eruption in Iceland 1783 were bad enough killing a quarter of the population and causing temporary climate change, famine and revolution all over the world and they were "only" 16 km3. And another thing.. did you know.. Most things carry more germ than toilet seats.. people think they're all there so the toilet seat's germ populations get a fresh lemony apocalypse more often than almost anywhere else.. especially your keyboard and remote control and... but who cares.. just be grateful you do not have to manually operate and micromanage your immune system.. you would probably feel like the chinese government.🤣🤣🤣 🖖🐺🦴✌🧙♂️👍🌠❤🌍🎩👒⛑ Love to the operators of the Chinese government like all other humans. They're trying theyre best for the best outcome for all humans for any and all situations big and small. We are all learning and improving our selves every day. I am sure the operators of the Chinese government are praying regularly for a the most peaceful and happy and prosperous outcome for anyone in any situation and are like all good humans motivated to be the best versions of them selves that would make even Buddha proud of them. Thank you.
Most of "the floor is lava" that began on the seafloor - some of it gradually emerged above sea level, creating islands, which expanded in size, connecting islands into bigger and bigger continents as mountains emerged while people arrived in sailing ships to "discover" the new lands, built huts to live in as the Rothschilds financed colossal post office buildings, capitol buildings, cathedrals, etc. - across Europe, Asia, the American continents, Asia, Africa, the islands, Australia, etc., which created the illusion of being civilized cities as the Rothschilds laid claim to the cities because of the debt from the buildings authorized by members of their "secret societies" - if you don't believe it, review the true history of our Earth - it doesn't go back as far as you're told it does.
The Great Dying is probably one of my favorite paleontology subjects, and also one of the ones that I feel is important to study. So much biodiversity completely wiped out not by some object from outer space, but by our own planet's natural processes - something that had potentially been occurring over and over again throughout the early formation of life, but had hit a cataclysmic threshhold at the end of the Permian. The resulting wild directions that evolution would take in the immediate aftermath is equally as fascinating. Honestly I wish more documentaries, films, and even games would touch up on these topics - I'd love to see a game like Saurian that tackles the climate destruction caused by the Great Dying and the resulting explosion of life that occurred afterwards in the Triassic.
Totally agree. The impact and scale of these events, and the evolutionary response to them is incredible. Understanding that these things happen feels important.
People and governments are all claiming that us humans are the main perpetrators of the increased CO2 levels in the atmosphere, and while we may have contributed some, I find it laughable at how dismissive these people are about the natural processes of the world. And if they think burning up the rest of the world's fossil fuels is going to ruin the world, I'd love to see their faces when another LIP erupts... 🤣🤣🤣
@@laferrari3027 Sorry but you're ignorant. These large flood basalt events lasted hundreds of thousands of years, mass extinctions and climatic shifts don't happen over night. Humans absolutely are the cause of current increased CO2 levels. We have been burning fossil fuels containing large amounts of carbon for the past 150 years, and the amount of CO2 emitted this way per year is much larger than what was emitted during the last global warming period (PEOTM, Paleocene-Eocene-Thermal-Maximum, 55,8 ma). These are completely different time scales. Human-induced climate change is about decades whereas these flood basalt events lasted tens and hundreds of thousands of years.
The when and how of the Siberian Traps is documented in historic records - it wasn't 250 million years ago... you're free to believe in idiotic lunacy - or you can study historic records - the choice is yours.
@@laferrari3027 OK, so how do you explain the Carbon 13 decreasing? Every other time in history, when Carbon 12 increases, Carbon 13 does as well. In the past 200 years, when the Carbon 12 start skyrocketing, the Carbon 13 has been decreasing.
@@Vvaysion Holy shit are you a fucking child lmao. You are going to resort to personal insults to prove your terrible point that people don't deserve money for doing work? Yeah go back to flipping burgers at mcdonalds to support all those drugs you have to be doing to think this way. Oh yeah, but you don't get paid for your work, because thats how it should be, yeah? I know it can be a little difficult to understand the advanced concepts of economics for someone like you, but its a pretty basic principle where when someone provides a service, the provider of the service gets paid by the person who asked for the service to be provided. I know that can be a little tricky to follow, but lets keep going. In this scenario, our friend here has a produced a high quality educational video with beautifully done animation, for us, that we can view for free! The only catch is there are advertisements on the video - which for you can be problematic because I imagine clicking the skip ad button can be difficult for someone with a IQ as low as yours. But i digress. These advertisements during the video are done so UA-cam, this wonderful website you have used for a long time free of charge, can make some money for all the work they put into it. UA-cam also gives some of this money to content creators that people enjoy. I hope you understand this concept better now and it helps you grow and be less childish in the future. I don't really expect you to have gotten this far, so congratulations if you did!
First flood basalt eruption: That's a lot of damage Second flood basalt eruption: How about little more?? The Great dying: *NOW THATS A LOT OF DAMAGE!!*
Erick Reis because "random" in scientific terms isn't the same as colloquial use. In colloquial terms it literal means "without cause," while in scientific terms it means "without a known explanation." That's why there's a language barrier between science and laymanship, where people think that positive genetic mutations in evolution are statistically impossible. The two camps are just talking about two completely different things.
The 1883 eruption Krakatoa also generated the loudest sound ever recorded. It measured over 300 decibels and left anyone within a 60 mile radius permanently deaf. It was also powerful enough to nearly completely obliterate the island of which at was on.
Imagine if with that eruption it was heard all over the planet, now imagine the Siberian traps or finally the supervolcano like yellowstone or Toba, it would be the end for almost everyone.
We have VERY FEW documentaries on flood basalts and it makes me crazy because of how incredibly massive they are. It makes no sense. For that reason I love this video so much. I hope you do more.
Damn this is good. So nice to have a faster moving scientific video that just gets down to the basics to explain things clearly and doesn't try to turn this into a gimmick. Well done. You just earned a new subscriber
@Krok Krok I can't recall offhand but usually some 'popular science' channel will use one cool factoid but not spoil it, have some headline line 'You won't believe how this element reacts to..." or "The 3 craziest things that...". Then they just blab and talk and try to get people to watch as long as possible to boost their own status and gain more followers on UA-cam's algorithm, instead of just spitting out the point that they are trying to make. It's turning into clickbait, and it's refreshing to have a channel like this one that is the opposite of that.
As somebody who is majoring in geology, and has a strong passion for the subject, I gotta say that this video is absolutely fantastic. Great information and explanations, great animations, and great narration. This video will likely make a great tool in many classrooms. In fact I'm going to share the link with my former professor lol. Job well done.
As someone just mildly interested in time and ancient stuff I knew the second I saw the thumbnail it was Siberian Traps and thats not all of it either lost to time as they say
"Bury the entire United States under 10km of lava." You're telling me that there was so much lava I could stand in Canada and look at a United States shaped Lava block that is 10km tall?
10km tall could change the shape of the earth if its that much size. Think, the hight of where most commercial aircraft flew.. now you can see the image.
@Spoon Liver If your neighbour put a long post horizontal toward your front yard for about just a few metres, would that make significance? XD Think of this as a geological timescale, if basaltic lava solidified with a thickness of 10km from the surface, the movement of tectonic could possibly change the way the landscape looks, even mt.everest is just 8.8km from Sea level. Think of that as a huge plateau with 10km from the ground, not from sea level. And the tectonic force could change that in due time. Like if its over convergence (destructive) zone, the force will definitely uplifted the area higher much more than it already was... May not have much change on the relative size of the earth, but definitely be for person observation.
@ Clearly you've never met any Siberians so how about you go meet one and ask them if they're cold. Then come back and tell me about it. Go on, I'll wait.
If I am correct at that time of the extinction event, siberia was a rainforest, not cold though. So if anything, it just goth even more hot than it was before.
The visuals are so insanely beautiful. The absence of music too but presence of subtle sound effects really makes it a sound and calming mood to watch. For me personally at least.
@@Creativeusername617 only similar animation to in a nutshell was his title sequence, clearly he outsourced that to same artist or used same software. Either way rest of his art is very very very diff. In fact he really has created a unique style of art. Sure he does factual presentations like in a nut shell but genre of nonfiction cannot survive with just one content producer. This is needed n very well done
Flood volcano oh great and you thought tambora was the biggest we thought Yellowstone was the biggest dang sounds like a hypervolcano that would be the worst
When I read about the Permian extinction as a child its cause was still unknown and scientists speculated over whether it was a meteorite as in the Cretaceous extinction event or a gamma ray burst. Thank you for clarifying it!
I too was always under the impression that the Permian extinction was caused by asteroid. However I learned about flood basalts a long while ago and began to reconsider. It's scary to think that our own home planet can kill us in the blink of an eye if need be. It's even more terrifying that our extinction can come from below. For some reason massive volcanism is much more interesting than asteroid impacts when it comes to ele level events.
It's still unclear the exact cause of the catastrophic climate change that caused the Permian extinction, but the Siberian Traps are the easiest one. A celestial object has been offered as a possible alternate explanation in conjunction with the volcanism, but there's no smoking gun like the Chicxulub crater.
We know that much of, if not entirely, the protective ozone layer which was much thicker then was destroyed. But it is not known whether it was the gases from the volcano that caused it or a Gamma-Ray burst from an exploding Super Massive Star.
@Celtic Revival / Adfywiad Celtaidd don't fret.. our life times are a millisecond blip in geologic time.. we are a brief infection. Ten million years after we are gone.. it'll all be healed...
4 videos and 400k subscribers. You definitely found the middle ground between emotional-sensational pseudo-science (Discovery, National Geographic, Spectrum, etc.) and super-dry concentrated 2 hour long boredom (the so called "science" channels). People just LOVE it, including myself, and I am an astrophysicist. This is exactly how informational science channel should do it. Just enough for understanding, but not too much for confusion.
Solid state chemist here. Indeed, I could not agree more; couldn't press the subscribe button fast enough after I finished this video. Channels like this are just so precious - usually, what I find instead is that I got clickbaited into a primary-school level, sensationalized mish-mash of basic facts, random explosions, overly excited narration and movie chase-sceen music. Or UFOs. Anywho. Top-grade channel and brilliantly presented content. The only tiny complaint I had was the lack of sources, however he included a note stating these will be included in part 2, so... 10/10 indeed!
Who the hell is downvoting such high quality content? I’d never heard about this kind of volcanism before, but it’s effects are awe inspiring. Definitely in that sweet spot of not yet well known, but well worth knowing, and you make this relatively complex topic easy to digest. Keep up the good work!
Ahh, another person of culture I see. ;) And yes--REAL planets just up and kill everything sometimes. And the fun thing is, volcanoes can't be affected by us humans messing with the weather, can't be seen ahead of time and shot down from space...it's just the Earth going "SCREW EVERYTHING!" and then _everyone_ has a really bad time.
You do realize that ultimately the release of lava and earthquakes ultimately helps the earth cycle around shit so it doesnt stagnate and "die" which would be even worse than any of the earlier lava eruptions as there literally would be no recovery and would just be downhill from there
I'm a fan of Isaac Arthur too! I recently discovered his channel a few months ago and I'm still going through the vids. Doubt I'll ever get fully caught up but it's fun trying haha
@@robinchesterfield42 Fluid dynamics imply the energy imparted to the mantle by asteroidal shock has to emerge somewhere, magma plumes are the prime suspect.
I would also bear in mind that by the time the heat reached it's zenith, it was only a few degrees on average colder than the temperature at which the oceans would have begun to boil away, which would be at about 47 degrees, compared to 42 degrees it was back then. Venus did in it's history reached it's own tipping point and their once beautiful oceans also boiled away. Oceans also are a major lubricant for plate tectonics so that would be gone, and water vapour on the scale of entire oceans boiling away would be an excellent greenhouse gas, also likely to boil greenhouse gases out of the rocks. It would be a catastrophe and we only missed it by an average of five degrees. That's pretty intimidating to me.
Is that right? Temperatures would have to approach nearly 100C (nearly because water vapor can break off from the surface at slightly lower temperatures), but I don't see any source stating they got higher than 40 or so.
@@o_o8203 8.2 has been the normal value for the ocean, today its 8.1... The drop from 8 to 7.5 was devestating as this was not the normal conditions for life in the ocean
Your visual presentation of these facts is wonderfully informative and quite terrifying. There are many of us who struggle with the current system of learning. Please continue doing such a magnificent job. It is greatly appreciated.
Those provinces are where we see major fluctuations in Earth’s Magnetic field as well. Most notably, Siberia and South America. Fantastic Video. Well done. Please continue.
@@cezarcatalin1406 Yes, basaltic magma can have a high metal content that lines up with the current direction of the earths magnetic field as it cools thus recording it.
Interestingly, the Columbia River Basalt group that he talks about towards the end of the video may have been initiated by the same magma plume that has spawned the Yellowstone super volcano.
This channel desserves way more attention than it gets. There's so many clickbait channels that do this sort of stuff but this one isn't clickbait at all, it's very informative and it's presented in a way that doesn't require you to have extensive knowledge of geology & geography to understand the content. There so much detail to the point of you find it boring, neither is there so little you leasrn nothing. Instead there is enough detail that were you to encounter someone who is studying this stuff you could relate to them about it.
Dang... that's really, really scary. But you explained it in a quick and concise manner and made it very interesting to watch. congrats u earned a new sub (I hit the bell too).
The uploader has a lot of things wrong: Vesuvius didn't decimate Pompeii thousands of years ago as the public is told - it was in 1631. Pangaea is fiction, continental drift is fiction, the ice ages are fiction, etc. When a group of imbeciles - a.k.a. geologists - get together to promote preposterous nonsense, it's best if you consider the source and do your own research, rather than regurgitate their insanity as if it's real. Why refer to geologists as imbeciles? 1. Because their idiotic lunacy is contradicted by hundreds of independent historic documents, written in over a dozen languages from all across our Earth, 2. Their idiotic "theories" are contradicted by observed geological evidence, 3. Their IQ's are uploaded - online - by psychologists so anyone who clings to the "science" from those with IQ's of 85 to 115 should be aware that it's the intellectual equivalent of the smart kids in fifth and sixth grades. Since the vast majority of the public ALSO has an IQ in 85 to 115 range, they don't notice the stupidity that's paraded around as "science" but those of us with a functioning brain have zero tolerance for this nonsense. The truth about our Earth does not come from theories but from evidence - since geologists are programmed with lies and lunacy about our Earth, including the idiotic nonsense of the geological timeline of millions and billions of years, they fail to figure out the true timeline which is clearly documented in hundreds of historic records - written in over a dozen different languages from all across our Earth. Reports from our ancestors include the timeline for our oceans, the timeline for our continents, our major mountain ranges, our major cataclysms, the when and how of the broken and subducted tectonic plates, the when and how of the ocean trenches and archipelago islands, the timeline for our glaciers and ice shelves, etc. - it's all documented by our ancestors and corroborated by thousands of independent sources which include maps of sonar images of the landslide debris on the seafloor that displaced massive volumes of sea water which launched colossal tsunami waves that decimated the lands - since that decimation is documented in historic records, we know when the underwater landslides happened, we know when dozens of supervolcanoes exploded in North America, along with thousands of smaller volcanoes, and we know why. Thanks to the reports from our ancestors, we also know when and how the Grand Canyon was formed, when and how the Siberian and Deccan Traps were formed, when and how our mountains were formed, when and how our oceans were formed and so on - all of this is documented in historic records by our ancestors and corroborated by thousands of other independent sources, written in over a dozen languages, from all across our Earth. Those that prefer to cling to the inside walls of the prison of lies that was imposed upon them by the evil overlords that control our world - with their fake paper dollars are free to do so - those who prefer truth can find it clearly documented in historic records.
@@Amy-im8bh Break free of your programming - "scientists" are NOT the brilliant genius minds that you're programmed to think they are. Geologists are NOT brilliant scientists - they're overgrown ten-year-old boys with out-of-control imaginations - they walk around with an invisible pink tutu and fairy wings as they wave their invisible magic wand while proclaiming "millions of years ago" - this does not make a person a scientist - but since the dumbed down, drugged up, poisoned and programmed public is trained to bow down to and grovel at the feet of idiotic clowns, few realize the "scientists" - including the professors with their insane geological timeline of "millions and billions of years" - are one big fat psy-op upon the gullible public. Let's look at the evidence: since we know science majors are required to take classes in chemistry, geology, physics, computer science, etc., since we know most students don't earn A's in those classes, since we know most students earn C's in those classes, we know that most science majors graduate with a C average - that's not impressive. Add to this the fact that most "scientists" graduate from low level institutions with minimal entrance requirements - like in Idaho, Arizona, Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia, etc. - this is where the great scientists of the common man come from - but since the common man is not very bright, they don't realize the fraud that's imposed upon them. Since most "scientists" do NOT graduate from highly-selective universities - like Oxford, Cambridge, etc. - since most scientists do not graduate magna cum laude ... there's no reason to put these clowns on a pedestal. Since the A students tend to go into medicine where they can easily take home half a million a year, since the B students tend to become chemists, pharmacists, engineers, go into biotech, etc., and since those who excel in "coding" go into IT, the bottom of the barrel usually become geologists where the pay is lowest - except for those graduating from highly selective universities who are offered positions with mining companies, oil companies, etc. Pause to consider these facts: programming a parrot to repeat "millions of years ago" takes a few minutes - but it's not the intellectually-challenging stuff of truth. Add the fact that the chemistry that's taught is intentional disinfo, the geological timeline is a psy-op, the physics is laughable, and since the timeline from carbon dating is a fraud, since the timeline from ice cores is a fraud, since the ice ages are fiction, since pangaea and continental drift are also fictions, since forecasts from the fake experts known as climate scientists have been repeatedly wrong - for years - you can begin to understand that they're not experts at all. "Science" is a hoax - this includes the science agencies, the space agencies, the fake science magazines, the idiotic peer review journals that maintain compliance among the unintelligent fake science gods, and their job titles and paychecks - it's a hoax upon the not-so-bright public. Claims from low IQ "scientists" should be promptly hurled into the rubbish - not paraded around and regurgitated like the toxic vomit that it is. Add to all this the fact that psychologists have uploaded the IQ's of geologists: so we know that with few exceptions, they're 85 to 115, which is, at best, the intellectual equivalent to the smart kids in fifth and sixth grades but since the unintelligent public is not cognitively competent to realize this, the common folk are easily programmed with a full spectrum of deception by the dingbats in their rumpled adolescent clothing - this preposterous fraud is conspicuous to anyone with a functioning brain. Shall we imagine the billionaires that control our world get their "science" from imbeciles with IQ's of 85 to 115? Of course not - billionaires get their science from the great genius minds of 170 to 200, nearly 100 IQ points higher than the "science" that the public gets while the discrepancy between the general public and the developmentally-challenged population is typically 15 to 20 IQ points - notice the "average" ones gloat over their intellectual superiority while the "slow" ones are segregated by a fraction of the "speed" that separates the general public from the real scientists - which is typically a factor of FIVE times greater. Why trust science reports from low-IQ "scientists"? Why trust science reports from those with the mind of a child? Since the ludicrous contradictions in their claims are conspicuous to me, I'm appalled that anyone would fall for their nonsense. Anyone who thinks "scientists" are brilliant should go to their local college to take the academic placement test and then listen carefully as their adolescent scores in "comprehension" and "spatial skills" are explained to them - then maybe they can begin to realize they are intentionally dumbed down, they are intentionally poisoned and drugged by the food, beverages, medications, by their soaps, shampoos, etc. Try to understand the truth of what I'm telling you - the disinfo is intentional. NASA, NOAA, the USGS have been repeatedly caught altering data and defrauding the public - they are NOT brilliant scientists - if I told you all the hoaxes and frauds that have siphoned hundreds of billions of dollars from the gullible public, and the trillions of dollars in financial fraud, you'd be horrified by the level of evil that has control of our world. Keep in mind that the 1% hoards 99% of the world wealth as babies and children suffer and die from malnutrition and curable disease in deplorable conditions - now remind yourself who owns the multi-million dollar publishing houses that print the lies in schoolbooks and college textbooks - who prints the lies in the fake science magazines? Who controls the multi-million dollar museums that prop up fake relics that reinforce the timeline lies? Why lie to us? Why not tell us the real chemistry, the real geology, the real physics? Do you not realize what would happen if the public knew the truth of our world? Think about it - what would happen to the fake billionaires that control our world with their fake paper dollars? What would happen if free energy was available worldwide? They'd lose control - they'd lose their wealth - they'd lose their mansions - they'd lose their freedom - that's why they lie.
I live in the middle of the Columbia River Flood Basalt and it has been laid bare by a catastrophic flood (water) that swept over the area 10,000 years ago. I have found places where I can stand on basement rock with 200 foot layered cliffs of basalt right before me. Occasionally some of the original topography will peek, or peak take your pick through the flood basalt. Eastern Washington is a Geologist playground.
@@Facts.inMotion People think volcanoes as destructive and call it a curse but they also forget that our 4 Billion year old ancestral life were born near these under water rift volcanoes.
@@vgman94 We and all other macro fauna and macro flora are created by and for microscopic organisms as hosts. Within each person is about 2 kilograms of those very small organisms. They greatly outnumber our much-larger cells. We are meatbags driven by them. If our environment were to suddenly change and we were no long a viable host... they would form another that suits the new environment (to a point).
You covered about 6 x 1 hr lectures worth of material from 2nd/3rd year university geology papers in about 16 mins. At this rate I could have finished my degree in about 5 months.
It's about vocabulary , it takes years in college , because you must learn ,Latin discriptions nouns , positional verbs , and in geology ,rock names , rock relationships , some inorganic chemestry , then two years to do some research , ..opal miner , congrats ! I'll bet your one of the few who got a geology degree...I presume your in cooper pedee?
Geology is a dogmatic religious priesthood. Real sciences are not based on blind acceptance of falsified assumptions such as isotope dating methods. Total bloodshit.
While the cause is still unknown, many scientists are currently looking into the link between these events and asteroid impacts to determine if there is a link between the two (with one of the leading theories being that the asteroid impacts cause flood basalt eruptions), since there are so many extinction level events that feature both a known impact and a flood basalt. Recently the Wilkesland Crater in Antarctica was getting attention for being on the opposite side of the planet as the Siberian Traps and they were dated to around the same time frame. Great video and please keep up the good work.
And the Deccan Trapps were on the opposite site of the planet from the Chicxulub meteor strike at the K-T boundary. Strong enough to ring the earth like a bell and crack it open on the other side.
Genuinely educational upload presented in a manner SO thoughtfully crafted that viewers' attention is maintained despite (or perhaps BECAUSE OF) the video's extraordinary density of factual content. A truly impressive display of concise, effective AND engaging writing. Bravo!
Earth: Wow, look at all this lava I'm putting out! Venus: Hold my beer. (Venus periodically replaces its outer crust like this, resurfacing the entire planet with lava)
@@Mare_Man - Venus' atmosphere is nasty, yes, but I don't think it's *quite* high-pressure enough for metallic hydrogen. You have to go deep inside Jupiter or Saturn for that.
@@devinfaux6987 yeah it's not even close. Jupiter is estimated at roughly like 300 atm of pressure, And that's about what you need. Venus surface pressure is like 90 atm, though that's still enough for a gentle breeze to knock you down.
One of the best presentations I've seen on UA-cam. Keep em coming, friend, and great job. Reminds me of the things I really enjoy about college/university. 👍
Great video! As a geologist, I can appreciate the implications of these basaltic features. I live in western Colorado, and look up at the Grand Mesa, which is the largest flat -topped mountain in the world at 500 sq miles, reaching an elevation of near 11,000 ft. Although miniscule by comparison, this basaltic feature is the result of the same processes described in the video, approx 10 mil years ago. These basalt flows reach thicknesses of 240 meters. A major product of this eruption was the melting of significant glaciers which formed massive debris flows comprised of the Eocene Green River and Wasatch Formations, which to this day form significant outcrops right down to the Colorado river, many miles away. These flows wiped out all that they encountered. In many places, these deposits sit atop the Cretaceous Mancos formation.
I imagine this has happened and is happening on other planets in the universe, but we will never know about it. What a pleasant surprise to see the Columbia River Basalt Group mentioned! I live in the area and studied the local/regional PNW geology in university. To this day, even though it is literally everywhere, the basalt has yet to become boring to look at or rock climb.
IMO the best presentation of Magma Plume events over the last 450 million years, well worth watching both parts, as well as reading some of the comments.
Thank you so much for covering this particular type of volcanism. Much attention is devoted to the study of supervolcanoes and supereruptions and for good reason, since we have a number of supervolcanoes that show signs of stirring, we should also study and give attention to flood basalts and their causes since they, in my opinion, can cause much more devastation and can occur again. Think about it, we haven't a supereruption in about 26-27 thousand years (Taupo) as opposed to a few million years ago for flood basalts (Columbia River Flood Basalts).
Hooray! At last, a video that recognises that, as devastating as eruptions like Toba, Taupo and Yellowstone are, they aren't the worst volcanic events our planet can throw our way!
Thanks so much for this! I'd love to see how these events correlate with tectonic movement; it seems nearly impossible that such large events wouldn't have either been caused by or affected (or both) plate movements. Have you released part 2?
The best video I have seen on this subject. I've been looking for a more detailed description about the Siberian traps and volcanism in general. Very well done thank you.
Marvelous video! 👍👍👍 You mention it took tens of millions of years for Earth to recover from the Permian Extinction. A video on how that process played out would be informative.
The earth has had really bad cases of planetary acne. Joking aside, that was a fascinating video, I find the permian-triassic extinction so mysterious and interesting to learn about.
Worst part is, in the matter of a couple centuries, we've shoved the the planet towards a new five degree temperature change, meaning a new hydrogen sulfide laced great dying save we do some incredible, globally scaled go-engineering. Yet due to how markets work, we're incredibly slowly and inefficient to save our own asses.
Wow. So well done and really clear with accurate facts and measurements. Brilliant job. I'm looking forward to part 2. Even including Imperial as well as Metric is a great touch and will help the Americans get their heads around these figures.
Thank you so much for this video, it has helped me to explain why the current warming trend that we are experiencing which is roughly 4x the average rate of increase for the P-Tr extinction is so very VERY dangerous!
Siberia was like hell, well I guess hell did freeze over.
Ur profil is chill
I am S P O O K
@PewDiePie Slav They'd still be in the earliest stagest of theyre eruptions today and we would be hiding in caves..
@PewDiePie Slav if the numbers are right, the io eurptions are only small compared to flood basalts formations. since the video you pointed out gives 100,000km3 for debris ejected while something like the siberian traps has ejected molten rock with a volume of 3-4million km3 literally 30-40x more. now the io plumes are high because io is tiny compared to earth, it takes far less energy to toss something to that height as compared to earth
@PewDiePie Slav If we were standing wearing animal fur in front of a cave with a spear in hand on Jupiter's closest moon io... the marvellous sight of some super eruption would be a pleasant goodbye and last farewell for our senses compared to the pain inflicted by everything else in that environment.
Lakagígar eruption in Iceland 1783 were bad enough killing a quarter of the population and causing temporary climate change, famine and revolution all over the world and they were "only" 16 km3.
And another thing.. did you know..
Most things carry more germ than toilet seats.. people think they're all there so the toilet seat's germ populations get a fresh lemony apocalypse more often than almost anywhere else.. especially your keyboard and remote control and... but who cares.. just be grateful you do not have to manually operate and micromanage your immune system.. you would probably feel like the chinese government.🤣🤣🤣
🖖🐺🦴✌🧙♂️👍🌠❤🌍🎩👒⛑
Love to the operators of the Chinese government like all other humans. They're trying theyre best for the best outcome for all humans for any and all situations big and small. We are all learning and improving our selves every day. I am sure the operators of the Chinese government are praying regularly for a the most peaceful and happy and prosperous outcome for anyone in any situation and are like all good humans motivated to be the best versions of them selves that would make even Buddha proud of them.
Thank you.
syberia decided a frozen hell is worse then a hot hell.
so almost everything on earth played an extended game of "the floor is lava" and lost terribly
Lol nice
Noice
@Thomas Warner reality is pretty messed up lol
Shd
Most of "the floor is lava" that began on the seafloor - some of it gradually emerged above sea level, creating islands, which expanded in size, connecting islands into bigger and bigger continents as mountains emerged while people arrived in sailing ships to "discover" the new lands, built huts to live in as the Rothschilds financed colossal post office buildings, capitol buildings, cathedrals, etc. - across Europe, Asia, the American continents, Asia, Africa, the islands, Australia, etc., which created the illusion of being civilized cities as the Rothschilds laid claim to the cities because of the debt from the buildings authorized by members of their "secret societies" - if you don't believe it, review the true history of our Earth - it doesn't go back as far as you're told it does.
The Great Dying is probably one of my favorite paleontology subjects, and also one of the ones that I feel is important to study. So much biodiversity completely wiped out not by some object from outer space, but by our own planet's natural processes - something that had potentially been occurring over and over again throughout the early formation of life, but had hit a cataclysmic threshhold at the end of the Permian. The resulting wild directions that evolution would take in the immediate aftermath is equally as fascinating. Honestly I wish more documentaries, films, and even games would touch up on these topics - I'd love to see a game like Saurian that tackles the climate destruction caused by the Great Dying and the resulting explosion of life that occurred afterwards in the Triassic.
Totally agree. The impact and scale of these events, and the evolutionary response to them is incredible. Understanding that these things happen feels important.
People and governments are all claiming that us humans are the main perpetrators of the increased CO2 levels in the atmosphere, and while we may have contributed some, I find it laughable at how dismissive these people are about the natural processes of the world. And if they think burning up the rest of the world's fossil fuels is going to ruin the world, I'd love to see their faces when another LIP erupts... 🤣🤣🤣
@@laferrari3027 Sorry but you're ignorant. These large flood basalt events lasted hundreds of thousands of years, mass extinctions and climatic shifts don't happen over night. Humans absolutely are the cause of current increased CO2 levels. We have been burning fossil fuels containing large amounts of carbon for the past 150 years, and the amount of CO2 emitted this way per year is much larger than what was emitted during the last global warming period (PEOTM, Paleocene-Eocene-Thermal-Maximum, 55,8 ma). These are completely different time scales. Human-induced climate change is about decades whereas these flood basalt events lasted tens and hundreds of thousands of years.
The when and how of the Siberian Traps is documented in historic records - it wasn't 250 million years ago... you're free to believe in idiotic lunacy - or you can study historic records - the choice is yours.
@@laferrari3027 OK, so how do you explain the Carbon 13 decreasing? Every other time in history, when Carbon 12 increases, Carbon 13 does as well. In the past 200 years, when the Carbon 12 start skyrocketing, the Carbon 13 has been decreasing.
Animation budget skyrocketed wtf? Looks amazing!!
They are getting their 💰 thats why
@robotrip M there's only 2 ads wtf you talking and if you don't like it don't watch its that simple
@@Vvaysion I didn't get any ads..? 🤔 wtf
@@Vvaysion No, I'm on mobile too, and I do get ads for videos sometimes..
@@Vvaysion Holy shit are you a fucking child lmao. You are going to resort to personal insults to prove your terrible point that people don't deserve money for doing work? Yeah go back to flipping burgers at mcdonalds to support all those drugs you have to be doing to think this way. Oh yeah, but you don't get paid for your work, because thats how it should be, yeah?
I know it can be a little difficult to understand the advanced concepts of economics for someone like you, but its a pretty basic principle where when someone provides a service, the provider of the service gets paid by the person who asked for the service to be provided. I know that can be a little tricky to follow, but lets keep going.
In this scenario, our friend here has a produced a high quality educational video with beautifully done animation, for us, that we can view for free! The only catch is there are advertisements on the video - which for you can be problematic because I imagine clicking the skip ad button can be difficult for someone with a IQ as low as yours.
But i digress. These advertisements during the video are done so UA-cam, this wonderful website you have used for a long time free of charge, can make some money for all the work they put into it. UA-cam also gives some of this money to content creators that people enjoy.
I hope you understand this concept better now and it helps you grow and be less childish in the future. I don't really expect you to have gotten this far, so congratulations if you did!
First flood basalt eruption: That's a lot of damage
Second flood basalt eruption: How about little more??
The Great dying: *NOW THATS A LOT OF DAMAGE!!*
I am about repair biodiversity and the earth with the power of flex tape!
Jolez _ xD
@@tallisrockwell8101 one flex tipe can't rep
And then put MOREEE.
Yeah I'm not holding my breath for that one. It sounds like it's even more rare than a major asteroid impact.
Humans: Amateurs
Eruptions and the great dying: what?
Humans: AMATEURS!!!
Humans: “we did it!We stopped global warming!”
Siberian traps: “I’m gonna do what’s called a pro gamer move”
Dude
LOL
@Evan Scammell no
lmAO
Too soon
I love how even the "random stuff" on data graphs are useful and not just "random stuff"
Erick Reis because "random" in scientific terms isn't the same as colloquial use. In colloquial terms it literal means "without cause," while in scientific terms it means "without a known explanation."
That's why there's a language barrier between science and laymanship, where people think that positive genetic mutations in evolution are statistically impossible. The two camps are just talking about two completely different things.
What a surprise.... a catastrophic event occurred in Russia.
Russia has two seasons:
Bad
and
Worse
yeah I know what you mean, we all got radiated because of their cheap lousy power stations.
@@TheGodParticle you mean, "Free affordable power, for the people to enjoy!"
Don't forget the most important season of all.
Vodka.
@@TheGodParticle He's delusional, take him to the infirmary
hahaha that's a very Russian thing to say. It's called the Ubiquity of Russian Pessimism
The 1883 eruption Krakatoa also generated the loudest sound ever recorded. It measured over 300 decibels and left anyone within a 60 mile radius permanently deaf. It was also powerful enough to nearly completely obliterate the island of which at was on.
Imagine if with that eruption it was heard all over the planet, now imagine the Siberian traps or finally the supervolcano like yellowstone or Toba, it would be the end for almost everyone.
I am a geologist-paleontologist who studied the End-Permian Mass Extinction for my doctorate. And I have to say, this is an excellent video. Great job
Enjoying new information here rather than the usual rehashing of volcano “facts” on YT. Thanks!!
We have VERY FEW documentaries on flood basalts and it makes me crazy because of how incredibly massive they are. It makes no sense.
For that reason I love this video so much. I hope you do more.
The reason is not the scare the public! They want the sheeple ignorant and compliant.
Flood basalts aren't really known about by the average person. And they don't sound as sexy as supervolcanos ... 🙄
@@AsurmenHandOfAsur Because of Big Basalt, presumably
Damn this is good. So nice to have a faster moving scientific video that just gets down to the basics to explain things clearly and doesn't try to turn this into a gimmick. Well done. You just earned a new subscriber
and with good graphics
Same! 😊
IKR
@Krok Krok I can't recall offhand but usually some 'popular science' channel will use one cool factoid but not spoil it, have some headline line 'You won't believe how this element reacts to..." or "The 3 craziest things that...". Then they just blab and talk and try to get people to watch as long as possible to boost their own status and gain more followers on UA-cam's algorithm, instead of just spitting out the point that they are trying to make. It's turning into clickbait, and it's refreshing to have a channel like this one that is the opposite of that.
Check out life nogging also!
As somebody who is majoring in geology, and has a strong passion for the subject, I gotta say that this video is absolutely fantastic. Great information and explanations, great animations, and great narration. This video will likely make a great tool in many classrooms. In fact I'm going to share the link with my former professor lol. Job well done.
Thanks!
"gotta"...,.not found in the Oxford Dictionary.
@@michaelciccone2194 didn't ask
As someone just mildly interested in time and ancient stuff I knew the second I saw the thumbnail it was Siberian Traps and thats not all of it either lost to time as they say
"Bury the entire United States under 10km of lava."
You're telling me that there was so much lava I could stand in Canada and look at a United States shaped Lava block that is 10km tall?
When you start seeing how ridiculously thin the Earth crust is compared to the rest, 10km tall is really possible I guess
10km tall could change the shape of the earth if its that much size. Think, the hight of where most commercial aircraft flew.. now you can see the image.
@Spoon Liver If your neighbour put a long post horizontal toward your front yard for about just a few metres, would that make significance? XD
Think of this as a geological timescale, if basaltic lava solidified with a thickness of 10km from the surface, the movement of tectonic could possibly change the way the landscape looks, even mt.everest is just 8.8km from Sea level. Think of that as a huge plateau with 10km from the ground, not from sea level. And the tectonic force could change that in due time. Like if its over convergence (destructive) zone, the force will definitely uplifted the area higher much more than it already was...
May not have much change on the relative size of the earth, but definitely be for person observation.
The normal airliner flies at 30k
@some body yes
Person: Siberia is too cold.
Nature: I can fix that!
Hehe you wouldn't hear a Siberian saying that. Nature would probably say 'hold my beer' though.
@@benmiles00 so no "Siberian" has complained of the cold? Stfugtfo...
@ Clearly you've never met any Siberians so how about you go meet one and ask them if they're cold. Then come back and tell me about it. Go on, I'll wait.
If I am correct at that time of the extinction event, siberia was a rainforest, not cold though. So if anything, it just goth even more hot than it was before.
now thats overcorrection
The visuals are so insanely beautiful. The absence of music too but presence of subtle sound effects really makes it a sound and calming mood to watch. For me personally at least.
Lmpmhmnow
When the narrator mentions the Yellowstone Super Volcano at 0:41 and just brushed right past it.
"Oh God."
Your work is phenomenal. Really, this is better than anything produced on television. The work you do is so important, and you do it so well!
But bright side or shit like that have millions of suscribers for spreading fake information, life is unfair !
@@ledernierutopiste blight side and five minute craps
have you heard of "Kurzgesagt - In a Nutshell"? yeah, this person is copying their style. I'm not joking.
@@Creativeusername617 only similar animation to in a nutshell was his title sequence, clearly he outsourced that to same artist or used same software. Either way rest of his art is very very very diff. In fact he really has created a unique style of art. Sure he does factual presentations like in a nut shell but genre of nonfiction cannot survive with just one content producer. This is needed n very well done
@@Creativeusername617 You have serious problem, you should go watch a therapist, really !
Krakatoa: people can hear me hundreds of kilometers away
Basalts: *I'm about to end this mans whole career*
This is now my favorite use of this meme.
To make the meme more subject revalent put volcano instead of man.
Flood volcano oh great and you thought tambora was the biggest we thought Yellowstone was the biggest dang sounds like a hypervolcano that would be the worst
This is basically the realistic way of saying "All changed when the fire nation attacked"
Underrated comment
Hail Satan!
@@nicolasbuzzbuzz1079 The Fire Nation.
nah. Lavabending is an earthbending sub-skill.
Volcanos created the continents above the sea level. Otherwise we would all be some marine creatures.
When I read about the Permian extinction as a child its cause was still unknown and scientists speculated over whether it was a meteorite as in the Cretaceous extinction event or a gamma ray burst. Thank you for clarifying it!
I too was always under the impression that the Permian extinction was caused by asteroid. However I learned about flood basalts a long while ago and began to reconsider. It's scary to think that our own home planet can kill us in the blink of an eye if need be. It's even more terrifying that our extinction can come from below. For some reason massive volcanism is much more interesting than asteroid impacts when it comes to ele level events.
It's still unclear the exact cause of the catastrophic climate change that caused the Permian extinction, but the Siberian Traps are the easiest one. A celestial object has been offered as a possible alternate explanation in conjunction with the volcanism, but there's no smoking gun like the Chicxulub crater.
We know that much of, if not entirely, the protective ozone layer which was much thicker then was destroyed. But it is not known whether it was the gases from the volcano that caused it or a Gamma-Ray burst from an exploding Super Massive Star.
@@latrodectusmactans7592 ya to say it is one or a other thing when it was millions of years ago and no one was there is absurd.
The problem is, what about the greater eruption that has happened since then? It should have been even more devastating.
Who needs horror stories when i can just watch this video and cry myself to sleep
@Celtic Revival / Adfywiad Celtaidd don't fret.. our life times are a millisecond blip in geologic time.. we are a brief infection. Ten million years after we are gone.. it'll all be healed...
@@SLINGSHOTWORLDTV humans will never go extinct
@@josephstalin9357 True, but we won't exist forever in this universe.
@deenman23 in like 300 years we will have the capability to travel to other star systems so it won't matter what happens to earth
@deenman23 we are already going back to the moon in 2024
This is the first video in the channel I’ve Watched, 10/10
Amazing. Great narration. Not exaggerated or overly emotional.
Indeed, I am drawn to this sort of explanation of things in many topics!
he's german lol. an american channel would have the need to be overly emotional for the most part lol.
@@jason41a - Yep, dumbed down media & narration to turn the country into an easily manipulatable, leftist idiocracy.
Dame Lill N/A wow what an insult really got them their
@@MeanOldLady What you call leftist Germans call centrists or center-right, though ;)
4 videos and 400k subscribers. You definitely found the middle ground between emotional-sensational pseudo-science (Discovery, National Geographic, Spectrum, etc.) and super-dry concentrated 2 hour long boredom (the so called "science" channels). People just LOVE it, including myself, and I am an astrophysicist. This is exactly how informational science channel should do it. Just enough for understanding, but not too much for confusion.
meleardil o he has more than 4 videos
I count 28 vids. 27 at the time this comment was posted
Solid state chemist here. Indeed, I could not agree more; couldn't press the subscribe button fast enough after I finished this video.
Channels like this are just so precious - usually, what I find instead is that I got clickbaited into a primary-school level, sensationalized mish-mash of basic facts, random explosions, overly excited narration and movie chase-sceen music. Or UFOs.
Anywho. Top-grade channel and brilliantly presented content.
The only tiny complaint I had was the lack of sources, however he included a note stating these will be included in part 2, so... 10/10 indeed!
astrophysicist? we got a badass over here!
The PBS channels like Eons and Space Time and Kurzgesagt are also pretty great, if you're looking for some more good channels.
You should give a spoiler warning! Not all of us have seen the final episode of 2020
sadly it was delayed until 2021
It's canceled..
@@fefek1 I heard it's airing on 2025
@@variousaissa3245 its
WHAT
I present to you.... "la palma"!!!
Who the hell is downvoting such high quality content? I’d never heard about this kind of volcanism before, but it’s effects are awe inspiring. Definitely in that sweet spot of not yet well known, but well worth knowing, and you make this relatively complex topic easy to digest.
Keep up the good work!
Creationists who believe the world's about 6000 years old?
Idiots that heard the phrase "global warming" and pounded the downvote button with the fury of an ignorant rightie.
When you reduce yourself to being a zealot of the Church of Global Warming Alarmism, you get a dislike. *CO2 is not a greenhouse gas*
@@willswift94 co2 is a greenhouse gas you global warming denier.
Will Swift so you’re trusting some rando over almost literally every specialist studying the topic? Who is this Uber-trustworthy rando?
So THIS is why Isaac Arthur says it's safer to live on a hollowed-out world with an artificial black hole in the center for gravity and energy!
Ahh, another person of culture I see. ;) And yes--REAL planets just up and kill everything sometimes. And the fun thing is, volcanoes can't be affected by us humans messing with the weather, can't be seen ahead of time and shot down from space...it's just the Earth going "SCREW EVERYTHING!" and then _everyone_ has a really bad time.
You do realize that ultimately the release of lava and earthquakes ultimately helps the earth cycle around shit so it doesnt stagnate and "die" which would be even worse than any of the earlier lava eruptions as there literally would be no recovery and would just be downhill from there
I'm a fan of Isaac Arthur too! I recently discovered his channel a few months ago and I'm still going through the vids. Doubt I'll ever get fully caught up but it's fun trying haha
@@robinchesterfield42 Fluid dynamics imply the energy imparted to the mantle by asteroidal shock has to emerge somewhere, magma plumes are the prime suspect.
@@thebigred8585 They can both go first looking at what some weebs enjoy.
I would also bear in mind that by the time the heat reached it's zenith, it was only a few degrees on average colder than the temperature at which the oceans would have begun to boil away, which would be at about 47 degrees, compared to 42 degrees it was back then. Venus did in it's history reached it's own tipping point and their once beautiful oceans also boiled away. Oceans also are a major lubricant for plate tectonics so that would be gone, and water vapour on the scale of entire oceans boiling away would be an excellent greenhouse gas, also likely to boil greenhouse gases out of the rocks. It would be a catastrophe and we only missed it by an average of five degrees. That's pretty intimidating to me.
I know. It's frickin creepy.
@@melodiefrances3898 Where i come from in the north, we used top have exquisite gourmet rocks...only now...now...
Is that right? Temperatures would have to approach nearly 100C (nearly because water vapor can break off from the surface at slightly lower temperatures), but I don't see any source stating they got higher than 40 or so.
Not to mention the boiling point of seawater is higher because it is not pure.
The quality of this video is mindblowing!
@Inthe Garbage I don't even remember if I got any (I'm on mobile).
Sean Warren i have 6 mid rolls, each the doubled ones i presume. those let me skip sometimes
One critique: the scale showing the acidity of the oceans showed 7.5 pH as very acidic when 7 pH is neutral. Otherwise, a good watch.
@Inthe Garbage I got 5 mid roll ads but for some reason only one played. Lol
@@o_o8203 8.2 has been the normal value for the ocean, today its 8.1... The drop from 8 to 7.5 was devestating as this was not the normal conditions for life in the ocean
Flood Basalts: *Exists*
Hawaiian Lava Crickets: It's free real estate.
David Parisi from sci show I’m guessing
@@oceanicbloom1407 www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/03/these-intrepid-crickets-hawaii-s-lava-home-sweet-home
@@oceanicbloom1407 yup
Give the vast scale of this volcanism they would struggle to survive there since they feed off the stuff blown into the basalts
This is all too soon even for those hipster crickets.
“A France-sized hell on earth” ...sooo France?
🙌😂🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣💀
lol i just said the same thing
i dunno why but hearing a German sounding guy talk about it being the largest graveyard in history.. made me laugh...
@@rhaenyra108 guacala
China?? Most stupid country on Earth now
Your visual presentation of these facts is wonderfully informative and quite terrifying. There are many of us who struggle with the current system of learning. Please continue doing such a magnificent job. It is greatly appreciated.
Those provinces are where we see major fluctuations in Earth’s Magnetic field as well. Most notably, Siberia and South America. Fantastic Video. Well done. Please continue.
Really ?
Why ?
Is basalt slightly magnetic or something ?
Evidence?
@@cezarcatalin1406 Yes, basaltic magma can have a high metal content that lines up with the current direction of the earths magnetic field as it cools thus recording it.
@@frenchguitarguy1091 www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2004/09/magnetic_field_flip/
@@illbehaviour9785 *_T H E S C I E N C E S H O W_*
“A stale, toxic, oxygen-depleted graveyard.”
It’s time to play, Which Fandom Am I Describing?
sport's fandoms
All of them
Star Wars?
Anime.
League of Legends
Never heard anything about this particular period before in terms of all the magmatic activity. Looking forward to hearing part 2
Look of 5 minute Geology. Its a series mt a Wa State Geologist/teacher. Lots of stuff on it from here in Washington
breaking news earth tries to kill all humans only to realize they already have spread to other planets
And here I was worried about Yellowstone. Now at least I understand why people talk about the Siberian traps. Holy Sh$t
Interestingly, the Columbia River Basalt group that he talks about towards the end of the video may have been initiated by the same magma plume that has spawned the Yellowstone super volcano.
@@operator0 it was
Actually these have basaltic magma which is not explosive like rhyolite
@@noahs.627 they actually can be somewhat explosive but not in the same way as Yellowstone or Toba
@@noahs.627 I learn something new every day. Thanks :)
These animations are so well done, I’m surprised that it’s has so low views
FiM: *literally says any measurement and includes the comparison to the United States*
Me: ok but how many football fields is it tho
Speed should be quoted in bald eagles per oil basin
Yards should be quoted in washing machines per 300lbs < x obese person
That makes no sense but ok
@@KryoNitrone banana for scale
Like, literally man? 😱
at least 2 football fields, I think.
Fascinating stuff, love these sorts of educational topics
This channel desserves way more attention than it gets. There's so many clickbait channels that do this sort of stuff but this one isn't clickbait at all, it's very informative and it's presented in a way that doesn't require you to have extensive knowledge of geology & geography to understand the content. There so much detail to the point of you find it boring, neither is there so little you leasrn nothing. Instead there is enough detail that were you to encounter someone who is studying this stuff you could relate to them about it.
Dang... that's really, really scary. But you explained it in a quick and concise manner and made it very interesting to watch. congrats u earned a new sub (I hit the bell too).
Nothing scary about it! It is just life and every once in awhile the earth cleans the slate board!
myself: came to learn about volcanos.
also myself: i guess i'll learn the entire world history
Kenneth Welch same
The uploader has a lot of things wrong: Vesuvius didn't decimate Pompeii thousands of years ago as the public is told - it was in 1631. Pangaea is fiction, continental drift is fiction, the ice ages are fiction, etc. When a group of imbeciles - a.k.a. geologists - get together to promote preposterous nonsense, it's best if you consider the source and do your own research, rather than regurgitate their insanity as if it's real. Why refer to geologists as imbeciles?
1. Because their idiotic lunacy is contradicted by hundreds of independent historic documents, written in over a dozen languages from all across our Earth,
2. Their idiotic "theories" are contradicted by observed geological evidence,
3. Their IQ's are uploaded - online - by psychologists so anyone who clings to the "science" from those with IQ's of 85 to 115 should be aware that it's the intellectual equivalent of the smart kids in fifth and sixth grades. Since the vast majority of the public ALSO has an IQ in 85 to 115 range, they don't notice the stupidity that's paraded around as "science" but those of us with a functioning brain have zero tolerance for this nonsense.
The truth about our Earth does not come from theories but from evidence - since geologists are programmed with lies and lunacy about our Earth, including the idiotic nonsense of the geological timeline of millions and billions of years, they fail to figure out the true timeline which is clearly documented in hundreds of historic records - written in over a dozen different languages from all across our Earth.
Reports from our ancestors include the timeline for our oceans, the timeline for our continents, our major mountain ranges, our major cataclysms, the when and how of the broken and subducted tectonic plates, the when and how of the ocean trenches and archipelago islands, the timeline for our glaciers and ice shelves, etc. - it's all documented by our ancestors and corroborated by thousands of independent sources which include maps of sonar images of the landslide debris on the seafloor that displaced massive volumes of sea water which launched colossal tsunami waves that decimated the lands - since that decimation is documented in historic records, we know when the underwater landslides happened, we know when dozens of supervolcanoes exploded in North America, along with thousands of smaller volcanoes, and we know why.
Thanks to the reports from our ancestors, we also know when and how the Grand Canyon was formed, when and how the Siberian and Deccan Traps were formed, when and how our mountains were formed, when and how our oceans were formed and so on - all of this is documented in historic records by our ancestors and corroborated by thousands of other independent sources, written in over a dozen languages, from all across our Earth.
Those that prefer to cling to the inside walls of the prison of lies that was imposed upon them by the evil overlords that control our world - with their fake paper dollars are free to do so - those who prefer truth can find it clearly documented in historic records.
@@SoulfulTruth are you being sarcastic? Like I cant actually tell
@@Amy-im8bh Break free of your programming - "scientists" are NOT the brilliant genius minds that you're programmed to think they are. Geologists are NOT brilliant scientists - they're overgrown ten-year-old boys with out-of-control imaginations - they walk around with an invisible pink tutu and fairy wings as they wave their invisible magic wand while proclaiming "millions of years ago" - this does not make a person a scientist - but since the dumbed down, drugged up, poisoned and programmed public is trained to bow down to and grovel at the feet of idiotic clowns, few realize the "scientists" - including the professors with their insane geological timeline of "millions and billions of years" - are one big fat psy-op upon the gullible public.
Let's look at the evidence: since we know science majors are required to take classes in chemistry, geology, physics, computer science, etc., since we know most students don't earn A's in those classes, since we know most students earn C's in those classes, we know that most science majors graduate with a C average - that's not impressive.
Add to this the fact that most "scientists" graduate from low level institutions with minimal entrance requirements - like in Idaho, Arizona, Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia, etc. - this is where the great scientists of the common man come from - but since the common man is not very bright, they don't realize the fraud that's imposed upon them.
Since most "scientists" do NOT graduate from highly-selective universities - like Oxford, Cambridge, etc. - since most scientists do not graduate magna cum laude ... there's no reason to put these clowns on a pedestal.
Since the A students tend to go into medicine where they can easily take home half a million a year, since the B students tend to become chemists, pharmacists, engineers, go into biotech, etc., and since those who excel in "coding" go into IT, the bottom of the barrel usually become geologists where the pay is lowest - except for those graduating from highly selective universities who are offered positions with mining companies, oil companies, etc.
Pause to consider these facts: programming a parrot to repeat "millions of years ago" takes a few minutes - but it's not the intellectually-challenging stuff of truth.
Add the fact that the chemistry that's taught is intentional disinfo, the geological timeline is a psy-op, the physics is laughable, and since the timeline from carbon dating is a fraud, since the timeline from ice cores is a fraud, since the ice ages are fiction, since pangaea and continental drift are also fictions, since forecasts from the fake experts known as climate scientists have been repeatedly wrong - for years - you can begin to understand that they're not experts at all.
"Science" is a hoax - this includes the science agencies, the space agencies, the fake science magazines, the idiotic peer review journals that maintain compliance among the unintelligent fake science gods, and their job titles and paychecks - it's a hoax upon the not-so-bright public.
Claims from low IQ "scientists" should be promptly hurled into the rubbish - not paraded around and regurgitated like the toxic vomit that it is.
Add to all this the fact that psychologists have uploaded the IQ's of geologists: so we know that with few exceptions, they're 85 to 115, which is, at best, the intellectual equivalent to the smart kids in fifth and sixth grades but since the unintelligent public is not cognitively competent to realize this, the common folk are easily programmed with a full spectrum of deception by the dingbats in their rumpled adolescent clothing - this preposterous fraud is conspicuous to anyone with a functioning brain.
Shall we imagine the billionaires that control our world get their "science" from imbeciles with IQ's of 85 to 115? Of course not - billionaires get their science from the great genius minds of 170 to 200, nearly 100 IQ points higher than the "science" that the public gets while the discrepancy between the general public and the developmentally-challenged population is typically 15 to 20 IQ points - notice the "average" ones gloat over their intellectual superiority while the "slow" ones are segregated by a fraction of the "speed" that separates the general public from the real scientists - which is typically a factor of FIVE times greater.
Why trust science reports from low-IQ "scientists"? Why trust science reports from those with the mind of a child?
Since the ludicrous contradictions in their claims are conspicuous to me, I'm appalled that anyone would fall for their nonsense.
Anyone who thinks "scientists" are brilliant should go to their local college to take the academic placement test and then listen carefully as their adolescent scores in "comprehension" and "spatial skills" are explained to them - then maybe they can begin to realize they are intentionally dumbed down, they are intentionally poisoned and drugged by the food, beverages, medications, by their soaps, shampoos, etc.
Try to understand the truth of what I'm telling you - the disinfo is intentional. NASA, NOAA, the USGS have been repeatedly caught altering data and defrauding the public - they are NOT brilliant scientists - if I told you all the hoaxes and frauds that have siphoned hundreds of billions of dollars from the gullible public, and the trillions of dollars in financial fraud, you'd be horrified by the level of evil that has control of our world.
Keep in mind that the 1% hoards 99% of the world wealth as babies and children suffer and die from malnutrition and curable disease in deplorable conditions - now remind yourself who owns the multi-million dollar publishing houses that print the lies in schoolbooks and college textbooks - who prints the lies in the fake science magazines? Who controls the multi-million dollar museums that prop up fake relics that reinforce the timeline lies?
Why lie to us? Why not tell us the real chemistry, the real geology, the real physics? Do you not realize what would happen if the public knew the truth of our world? Think about it - what would happen to the fake billionaires that control our world with their fake paper dollars? What would happen if free energy was available worldwide? They'd lose control - they'd lose their wealth - they'd lose their mansions - they'd lose their freedom - that's why they lie.
Good type of bamboozling.
I live in the middle of the Columbia River Flood Basalt and it has been laid bare by a catastrophic flood (water) that swept over the area 10,000 years ago. I have found places where I can stand on basement rock with 200 foot layered cliffs of basalt right before me. Occasionally some of the original topography will peek, or peak take your pick through the flood basalt. Eastern Washington is a Geologist playground.
The production quality of your videos is bananas. Great work, as always.
Do you have a patreon?
Currently not - but I was thinking about creating one.
@@Facts.inMotion Yes, do it! I sent you an e-mail telling how I can support myself this way. Your content is amazing. Good luck!
@@Facts.inMotion People think volcanoes as destructive and call it a curse but they also forget that our 4 Billion year old ancestral life were born near these under water rift volcanoes.
@@sankarsah Those underwater vents are smol boi volcanoes. Beeg boi volcanoes on the other hand...
@@Empy_C. The big ones are the reason Deccan plateau and Maharashtra is rich in Iron. Now don't ask how I know you are Marathi.
Kudos to the creator for the animation work - the art alone is fantastic!
One of the best youtube education channels. Thank you.
I love this! You explain things so clearly and the animations are beautiful.
This video is hands down my favorite edutainment video of all time, I just keep coming back to it over and over. Brilliant work.
Thanks. Im currently working on an unofficial part 3. If everything goes according to plan there will be 3 new videos in about a month
That probably explains why Norilsk is the center of Russia's metals industry.
SunriseLAW We build our lives on the backs of the dead, eh? Rather fascinating to think about, if not a bit sad.
@@vgman94 We and all other macro fauna and macro flora are created by and for microscopic organisms as hosts. Within each person is about 2 kilograms of those very small organisms. They greatly outnumber our much-larger cells. We are meatbags driven by them. If our environment were to suddenly change and we were no long a viable host... they would form another that suits the new environment (to a point).
@@SunriseLAW yep
@@vgman94 it's not sad
THE WORLD OVER HEAVAN Why not?
Excellent production quality, and interesting information. Love it.
I've heard of the Siberian and Deccan Traps, and a bit on the Ontong-Java Traps, it's nice to learn something new :) Keep it up!
This post is truly a beautiful work of art..please continue
You covered about 6 x 1 hr lectures worth of material from 2nd/3rd year university geology papers in about 16 mins. At this rate I could have finished my degree in about 5 months.
It's about vocabulary , it takes years in college , because you must learn ,Latin discriptions nouns , positional verbs , and in geology ,rock names , rock relationships , some inorganic chemestry , then two years to do some research , ..opal miner , congrats ! I'll bet your one of the few who got a geology degree...I presume your in cooper pedee?
Doesn't Uni force you to take extra classes?
Geology is a dogmatic religious priesthood. Real sciences are not based on blind acceptance of falsified assumptions such as isotope dating methods. Total bloodshit.
Rocks are dirty ,avoid them. ,( If you can )
While the cause is still unknown, many scientists are currently looking into the link between these events and asteroid impacts to determine if there is a link between the two (with one of the leading theories being that the asteroid impacts cause flood basalt eruptions), since there are so many extinction level events that feature both a known impact and a flood basalt. Recently the Wilkesland Crater in Antarctica was getting attention for being on the opposite side of the planet as the Siberian Traps and they were dated to around the same time frame. Great video and please keep up the good work.
And the Deccan Trapps were on the opposite site of the planet from the Chicxulub meteor strike at the K-T boundary. Strong enough to ring the earth like a bell and crack it open on the other side.
@@hopsiepike they actually proved that false. The Deccan Traps also began earlier than the asteroid impact
Excellent video! Very informative and, I think, authoritative. This video is a great service. Please do more.
Id heard f the great dying but never had the cause explained so precisely and concisely thank you
billy suter
"the great dying" also known as "the big oof"
Genuinely educational upload presented in a manner SO thoughtfully crafted that viewers' attention is maintained despite (or perhaps BECAUSE OF) the video's extraordinary density of factual content. A truly impressive display of concise, effective AND engaging writing. Bravo!
Earth: Wow, look at all this lava I'm putting out!
Venus: Hold my beer.
(Venus periodically replaces its outer crust like this, resurfacing the entire planet with lava)
Forget the surface, Venus' atmosphere has *metallic* hydrogen in it
@@Mare_Man - Venus' atmosphere is nasty, yes, but I don't think it's *quite* high-pressure enough for metallic hydrogen. You have to go deep inside Jupiter or Saturn for that.
@@devinfaux6987 yeah it's not even close. Jupiter is estimated at roughly like 300 atm of pressure, And that's about what you need. Venus surface pressure is like 90 atm, though that's still enough for a gentle breeze to knock you down.
So basically Venus has heavy metal music playing constantly...
One of the best presentations I've seen on UA-cam.
Keep em coming, friend, and great job.
Reminds me of the things I really enjoy about college/university.
👍
I’m with you on that, except I’ll add, this video alone puts to shame 90% of universities and colleges presentations.
Great video! As a geologist, I can appreciate the implications of these basaltic features. I live in western Colorado, and look up at the Grand Mesa, which is the largest flat -topped mountain in the world at 500 sq miles, reaching an elevation of near 11,000 ft. Although miniscule by comparison, this basaltic feature is the result of the same processes described in the video, approx 10 mil years ago. These basalt flows reach thicknesses of 240 meters. A major product of this eruption was the melting of significant glaciers which formed massive debris flows comprised of the Eocene Green River and Wasatch Formations, which to this day form significant outcrops right down to the Colorado river, many miles away. These flows wiped out all that they encountered. In many places, these deposits sit atop the Cretaceous Mancos formation.
I imagine this has happened and is happening on other planets in the universe, but we will never know about it.
What a pleasant surprise to see the Columbia River Basalt Group mentioned! I live in the area and studied the local/regional PNW geology in university. To this day, even though it is literally everywhere, the basalt has yet to become boring to look at or rock climb.
You ever watch some Nick Zentner, on UA-cam?
Great long-form geology content, but you likely have heard of him many times.
*solidified lava blocking magma getting out of the surface*
Magma: “i’m gonna do what’s called a pro-gamer move”
IMO the best presentation of Magma Plume events over the last 450 million years, well worth watching both parts, as well as reading some of the comments.
I knew only of the eruption in Russia but didn't realize there where others.
Great job on this video. I hope to see more.
I hope you mean videos and not basalt eruptions.
Thank you so much for covering this particular type of volcanism. Much attention is devoted to the study of supervolcanoes and supereruptions and for good reason, since we have a number of supervolcanoes that show signs of stirring, we should also study and give attention to flood basalts and their causes since they, in my opinion, can cause much more devastation and can occur again. Think about it, we haven't a supereruption in about 26-27 thousand years (Taupo) as opposed to a few million years ago for flood basalts (Columbia River Flood Basalts).
Hooray! At last, a video that recognises that, as devastating as eruptions like Toba, Taupo and Yellowstone are, they aren't the worst volcanic events our planet can throw our way!
Humans: look at the most destructive weapon in history, the thermonuclear bomb!
Earth: hold my beer...
Human : hold my antimatter bomb
*Hold my lava
Pretty sure a decent thunderstorm has more energy than a mid sized nuclear weapon.
Robert Szasz it's a tad less destructive though
@@3roderick3 just a tad, still able to destroy the entirety of Rhode Island though.
Thank you for your hard work. Magnificent production
Thanks so much for this!
I'd love to see how these events correlate with tectonic movement; it seems nearly impossible that such large events wouldn't have either been caused by or affected (or both) plate movements.
Have you released part 2?
Beautifully executed and narrated. Bravo, looking forward to pt. 2
pt.2 of the video and not erruptions, right
Those are some amazing animations. Well done. Looking forward to part 2!
The best video I have seen on this subject. I've been looking for a more detailed description about the Siberian traps and volcanism in general. Very well done thank you.
Marvelous video! 👍👍👍 You mention it took tens of millions of years for Earth to recover from the Permian Extinction. A video on how that process played out would be informative.
Do you know about the birds and the bees?
Youre so professional and talented, you dezerve way more recognition!
abzolutely
corivian - Yez.
I wish this channel was more active. Amazing content!
Thank you for the awesome video! I had no idea this type of volcano eruption even existed. I love learning things like this.
The earth has had really bad cases of planetary acne.
Joking aside, that was a fascinating video, I find the permian-triassic extinction so mysterious and interesting to learn about.
Brad Wilcox Not as bad as io’s acne
humans: we are causing the worst climate change in history.
earth: *hold my tectonic lava plate*
Worst part is, in the matter of a couple centuries, we've shoved the the planet towards a new five degree temperature change, meaning a new hydrogen sulfide laced great dying save we do some incredible, globally scaled go-engineering. Yet due to how markets work, we're incredibly slowly and inefficient to save our own asses.
Why Not I mean it is a natural occurring phenomenonBut we are speeding up the The process of it
Good one!
@Why Not There's a crazy commenting here, Soulful Truth is right up your alley.
@Why Not please tell me this is a joke.
We remember seeing something about how a meteor strike on the other side of the globe may have triggered that Siberia eruption.
Wow. So well done and really clear with accurate facts and measurements. Brilliant job. I'm looking forward to part 2. Even including Imperial as well as Metric is a great touch and will help the Americans get their heads around these figures.
Why are German narrators so good to listen to?
I just thought his voice was deep
you got mad graphic design skills. great video.
This is beautifully animated. Well done if this is your own work.
Ah, so this explains that one scene from Ice Age.
Before: Siberia so hot
Now: Siberia so cold
Love the art style and the quality of these videos!!
@Jonathan Slater What on earth is wrong with the narration?
I love the look in your current videos. Very clean, modern and professional looking, especially the colour scheme and those tabs at the top.
This guy is amazing!!! Why ain't he getting more views?!
I'm pretty sure he will soon as UA-cam algorithms start picking up the long view times.
@@cankoklu hope so .. :)
Fantastic video, straight to the point and easy to follow, also extremely engaging! Keep up the great videos
Great content, great narration. Very high level. Overall excellent! Thanks.
Thank you so much for this video, it has helped me to explain why the current warming trend that we are experiencing which is roughly 4x the average rate of increase for the P-Tr extinction is so very VERY dangerous!
Person - Siberia is too cold.
Nature - Hold my beer.
Person - Siberia is too hot.
Nature - Wait.
250 million years ago when this eruption took a place, Siberia was very warm place.
13:33 You know you're screwed when there's that much birds outside your plane.
Fantastic explanation with incredible animations!!! Ty so much for this !
2am and stoned is the best way to watch these videos
Damn it's 1030 and I'm stoned and I feel you😂😂
This is the first video of yours I have watched and I thought it was great 👍
That was very well done, thank you!