Noise Analysis Photodiode Transimpedance Amplifier | Calculations & TINA-TI SPICE Simulations
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- Опубліковано 25 сер 2024
- In this video, we will step by step workout the noise analysis of a photodiode amplifier. We will use a transimpedance amplifier using the op-amp OPA827. From the datasheet of the photodiode and the op-amp, we will get the necessary information for our noise analysis. We also check our calculations using simulations in TINA-TI SPICE #tina #spices
🎯 Outline:
⭐ PART 1⭐
⏩ 00:00:48 Part 1: Conversion of Light to Electric Signal
⏩ 00:03:37 Part 1: Photodiode Model
⏩ 00:06:29 Part 1: Responsivity vs. Wavelength of Light
⏩ 00:09:36 Part 1: Junction Capacitance
⏩ 00:11:19 Part 1: I-V Characteristics
⏩ 00:12:47 Part 1: Transimpedance Amplifier Circuit
⏩ 00:14:24 Part 1: Transimpedance Amplifier Bandwidth
⏩ 00:15:23 Part 1: Transimpedance Amplifier Noise Model
⏩ 00:17:42 Part 1: Photodiode & Op-Amp Noise Current Sources
⏩ 00:21:00 Part 1: Thermal Noise Voltage Feedback Resistor
⏩ 00:21:23 Part 1: Noise due to Op-Amp Noise Voltage Source
⏩ 00:25:02 Part 1: Frequency Parameters
⏩ 00:27:53 Part 1: SPICE Simulation Circuit for Open-Loop Gain and Noise Gain
⏩ 00:29:59 Part 1: Output RMS Noise Voltage due to Op-Amp Noise Voltage Source
⏩ 00:33:56 Part 1: Total Output RMS Noise Voltage
⏩ 00:35:22 Part 1: Stability Transimpedance Amplifier
⏩ 00:40:32 Part 1: Example Calculation: Photodiode Amplifier without a Feedback Capacitor
⭐ PART 2⭐
⏩ 00:42:58 Part 2: Example Photodiode Amplifier Nois
⏩ 00:46:15 Part 2: Circuit Performance
⏩ 00:47:09 Part 2: Frequency Parameters
⏩ 00:50:32 Part 2: Thermal Noise Voltage Feedback Resistor
⏩ 00:51:14 Part 2: Noise Voltage due to Op-Amp Noise Current Source and Photodiode Noise Current Source
⏩ 00:52:57 Part 2: Total Noise Current Density
⏩ 00:54:42 Part 2: Noise Voltage due to Op-Amp Noise Voltage
⏩ 00:57:05 Part 2: Signl-to-Noise (SNR)
⏩ 00:58:12 Part 2: Simulation Results - Output Noise Voltage Spectral Denisty
⏩ 01:01:47 Part 2: Simulation Results - Total RMS Output Noise Voltage
⭐There are more examples of noise analysis using other passive circuits and active circuits, like RC circuit, single stage and multiple stage op-amp circuits. We also discuss how to reduce noise using averaging. See the playlist below for more! 👇
🔗 Electronic Noise Analysis: • Noise Analysis Electri...
🔗 Operational Amplifier (Op-Amp) Noise Analysis: • Operational Amplifier ...
🔗 Instrumentation Amplifier Noise Analysis: • Instrumentation Amplif...
🔗 Photodiode Amplifier Noise Analysis: • Photodiode Amplifier N...
⭐ Resources 👇
For a good practical book about noise analysis in circuits, see the book of Arthur Kay:
🔗 www.sciencedir...
⭐ For questions, collaboration or consulting 👇
📧 can.mehmet.tr@gmail.com
⭐ If you have questions or comments, please let me know. Help us to reach more people. Like and share this video. Subscribe to our channel: www.youtube.co...
⚡ CAN Education - Tutoring in Electrical Engineering, Analog Electronics, Power Electronics, Control Systems, and Math Courses:
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#NoiseAnalysis #PhotoDiodeAmplifier #SPICE #TransImpedanceAmplifier #Photo #Diode #Amplifier #Noise #SpectralDensity #Transimpedance #Bandwidth #Filter
For a good practical book about noise analysis in circuits, see the book of Arthur Kay: www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780750685252/operational-amplifier-noise
What a Perfect Lecture!! It is so practical example using OPA827 (low noise) and large area PD. Thank you so much.
You're welcome. Thanks a lot for your message!
Great stuff! Thank you!
You're welcome!
Great lecture. This is what I was looking for.
Great to know that 👍 You're welcome!
Thanks to your video! It helps me a lot
You're welcome!
Thank you for this great lecture
You're welcome!
Excelent Video!! Thanks
Thanks for your message! Glad to know you liked the video. Share the knowledge!
@@CanBijles keep them comming :D
@@barbasbandas6665 Sure 👍🏻Working on more interesting topics. Complete playlist about noise can be found from here: Noise Analysis Electric Circuits: ua-cam.com/play/PLuUNUe8EVqlnQ_ZEBx9S6a6juISpYcdJW.html
what a video! Really helped me a lot
Glad to know you liked the video. You are welcome!
Very good lecture.
I wonder why you have discarded Rsh resistor while calculating op-amp voltage noise?
Thank you
Thanks for your message. Shunt resistance of the photodiode is considered to be very large and in this case infinite, which is ok for most cases.
Can you explain in more detail the relation between the calculated output noise voltage and the simulated output noise voltage. I didn't quite understand how you picked your frequency for comparison.
For comparison with the simulation results, I used the integration bandwidth as the frequency for determining the total output RMS noise voltage. This is a rule of thumb, but is valid for most practical purposes. Also, the noise will not contribute much for larger frequencies.
32:17 great video! I'd like to further read how the equation for Region 3 is derived, could you please recommend some references? Thank you!
Thanks for your message! I would recommend: Operational Amplifier Noise, Arthur Kay. This is a very good and practical book.
This is a wonderful tutorial. Do you have a Excel worksheet with all these formulas available?
You're welcome! I will search for it.
@@CanBijles Thank you. I would be happy to make a donation to Can Education, if this is something you don't normally make public. An Excel worksheet with these formulas would be a huge time-saver.
Any luck finding it, @@CanBijles ?
Nice lecture, I was just wondering if changing the direction of the current flow would affect the noise analysis? Most implementations of TIAs with photodiode seem to have the photodiode in reverse bias, opposite to what you have presented. Any other considerations/differences that this would cause? Thanks!
Thanks for your message. The photodiode is also reversed biased in this video. You can see that also in the circuit I consider in this video.
If it where forward biased, the junction capacitance would be different and the junction potential is around 700 mV, depending on the current through the photodiode. For collection of charges inside the depletion region, the photodiode must be reserved biased.
Hey, why you used 1 as a nominator in snr while the signal is zero?
Thanks for your message. In the formula of SNR it was assumed that the input signal voltage is 1 V RMS, which of course does not have to be the case. In fact, the main point was to illustrate what the effect of the components are on the noise performance, for example, the value of a capacitor.
A good practical book about noise analysis in circuits, see the book of Arthur Kay: www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780750685252/operational-amplifier-noise
Hi, thanks a lot for the video! I think I missed one part: how exactly do you include dark noise of the photodiode in the SPICE simulation?
Thanks for your message. This is a good question and important for more accurate results. Note that the full model for the photodiode is not used here and it not required. In this analysis we only use the diode junction capacitance Cj = 70 pF. You can add the dark current component by modeling it as a DC leakage current.
thank you for your noise analysis for TIA. i have questions. frist, if cascaded inverting amplifier is placed behind on TIA, how can i get the Enout? in video, only TIA case, in case of cascased system (TIA + amp), you are not use the equation as En_out=NG*En_in. you only considered output RMS noise voltage. is it only one way to calculate the enout for TIA noise ? other video of noise analysis usually use the en_out=NG*en_in
For a single TIA circuit, the input is a current and the summary of the formula used for this case are discussed around 00:33:00. If you want to add a voltage amplifier in cascade (to make: TIA + voltage amplifier), you can continue with the output noise voltage of the first stage (TIA) and calculate the total output noise voltage using the second stage (Voltage amplifier).
I explain the noise analysis of a two-stage and a three-stage voltage amplifier in these videos. Check the links below if you want to see the procedure:
Noise Analysis Op-Amp Circuit | Two-Stage Amplifier: ua-cam.com/video/9tnw_RGqkRk/v-deo.html
Noise Analysis Op-Amp Circuit | Three-Stage Amplifier: ua-cam.com/video/dEQVKPgeiQM/v-deo.html
@@CanBijles yes yes. while noise analysing the two-stage and three stage amplifier, the NG and SG were calculated at the first time. and first stage NG_1*SG2*En_in1 , second stage NG_2*En_in2 and summation of Enout1 and Enout2 in the other video. however, this lecture was not included on how to calculate the TIA of NG and SG. only considering the Eni_out, Enr_out, Env,out, only output point of views. other cases usually used the calculation Enout as Enout= NG*En,in. can i calculate the TIA and gain amp as other ways in the same parameters from this video?
Very nice explanation. However, I have questions. Here unity gain frequency ft is 150 MHz. Is it gain bandwidth product of the OP amp? If so, the circuit frequency is not required to find out CF?
Thanks for your message! Glad you liked the video. About the unity-gain frequency ft of the op-amp. The ft is only equal to Gain-Bandwidth Product GBW if we assume that op-amp can be modeled as a first-order system up to ft. Otherwise, you will need to use more detailed formula where you also see the feedback capacitor Cf, as I used in the video. The derivation is not given, but can be determined using straightforward analysis of the op-amp.
@@CanBijles Thank you very much for your nice explanations.
@@GaziSharif You are welcome!
Pardon me if i ask a very beginner question but I decided to make NIR Photodiode sensing of fabric type but I feel like I need to know noise analysis but before the noise I am confused how to receive data from photodiode ? Could you lead me to some sources so I can learn ? Thanks in advance and I will be much obliged.
Thanks for your message. I think it is important to make a model of your sensor and readout first. Then, you can analyze the noise and other transient and frequency depending parameters. Did you searched for a model for your photodiode? In addition, in what environment you will use the circuit? This can change the required model and complexity.
It would be also easier to discuss the problem if you have a circuit or something.
@@CanBijles thank you so much for your prompt reply. Much obliged, much respect
@@CanBijles i decided to use InGaAs photodiode, i will do my detailed research thanks to your advice
You're welcome!
Iwonder what SPICE simulator di d you use?
I use TINA-TI Spice. See link for the details: www.ti.com/tool/TINA-TI
Can you check if ish formula is correct?
The thermal noise current spectral density due to the shunt resistance of the photodiode: i_sh = sqrt(4kT/R_sh) is correct.
thanks it is cleared now also why you used 1 as a nominator in snr formula?
@@AClassDigital Thanks for your message. In the formula of SNR it was assumed that the input signal voltage is 1 V RMS, which of course does not have to be the case. In fact, the main point was to illustrate what the effect of the components are on the noise performance, for example, the value of a capacitor.
A good practical book about noise analysis in circuits, see the book of Arthur Kay: www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780750685252/operational-amplifier-noise
@@CanBijles Thanks for your reply also could you give me a reason why these frequencies used in the circuit more specifically op-amp's ones. For example, zero, intersection, pole, lowerbound.
@@CanBijles also could you tell me if I can use offset voltage in nominator to show the effect of noise at no incident light