Відео

I do not understand the question. Can you clarify it?

How to draw 1/beta curve for transimpedance amplifier

@@devas2979 Perhaps you mean the noise gain. See the discussion of noise from 00:22:49 in this video.

Thank you for your message! Great to know the knowledge can pass through, which is the main purpose of the videos on this channel. I hope we can reach more people can needs them. Good luck with your electronics designs!

Yes, you can use a step input for a second-order system. Also for other systems; first-order and higher order systems.

@@CANEDUX I am having a question that the general second-order transfer function formula with zeta, omega coefficient you given there. How can you just based on the response system graph to derive the transfer function of the input of unit step function, what if the graph is ramp input or other types? G(s)=C(s)/R(s), what if input R(s) is different, is it effect the transfer function?

​@@ltd5480 The transfer function of the system will not change, but you cannot use every signal as an input to determine the transfer function.

Then, you can design your system in the z-domain. I have a playlist with videos. See the link for the playlist. Digital Controller Design: ua-cam.com/play/PLuUNUe8EVqln8g-yPt_2ZEtjH8Faegm3S.html

Thanks for your message! Great to know you learn a lot from the video 👍 Good luck with your studies!

I use TINA-TI SPICE: www.ti.com/tool/TINA-TI

Probably a wrong connection or incorrect voltage sensor in Simulink. There are two types of sensor in Simulink. Check this.

You are welcome! Great to know you liked the video!

Thanks! 👍

Thanks! I also explain this in the video.

👍

Thanks for your message! Happy to know you liked the video! 👉 More Power Electronics: ua-cam.com/play/PLuUNUe8EVqlkTs7tJwfkSq7Pj036zUyug.html

The whole video discusses the noise analysis of transimpedance amplifier. Check the video in detail.

You should only use the parts you have in your circuit.

​@@CANEDUXcan you repeat it please

I do not have time to check your circuit in detail. Try to use the videos or the book.

This is a too general question. You can use the two-stage amplifier noise calculations in my video.

WHAT SHOULD I DO FOR THAT

I have no idea. I also need to check that in detail.

@@CANEDUX Please help me with this

​@@CANEDUXHiii did you find anything

Thanks for your comment, great to know you liked the video! Noise analysis is always frequency response analysis, because the RMS noise will depend on your bandwidth (noise bandwidth).

You cannot have the second stage as an instrumentation amplifier if the first stage provides single-ended output. See this playlist for more info and videos about instrumentation amplifier noise analysis: 🔗 Instrumentation Amplifier Noise Analysis: ua-cam.com/play/PLuUNUe8EVqlknqQWFevG_00gFK6iTUxD4.html

@@CANEDUX actually,i grounded the 2nd input of INA,

AND its working...then how can i calculate

Why use an INA if you ground one of the inputs of INA?

Yes, it might work, but I do not understand the reason for going for an instrumentation amplifier.

No, it is correct. You take the voltage across the resistor R2, which is Vg.

Happy to help! See playlist for more videos about Linear Algebra topics: ua-cam.com/play/PLuUNUe8EVqll_uMCzGIs8x5S5nJxwI3ax.html

It is not only about DC signals and even DC signals in a component can generate noise, like shot noise. There are also capacitive and resistive parts which can generate noise. In addition, the signal levels are never constant.

f_L can be taken any value in the 1/f noise range, because it is a normalization value. Try another value to check this yourself.

In my opamp op07cp,the the frequency starts from 1hz..if I put 1Hz as FL then my Ff will be greater than FZ..then region 2 will show error which have negative value inside the root...please give me the suggestions..I am struck with this

Please help me with this 😊

@@devas2979 Did you tried to use the 1 Hz in your 1/f noise region? For a good practical book about noise analysis in circuits, see the book of Arthur Kay: www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780750685252/operational-amplifier-noise

@@CANEDUX yeah i tried with 1Hz,then the Ff will be greater than Fz,so i take 0.1Hz ....is that ok to take 0.1Hz even in the data sheet it start from 1Hz

Thanks for your nice comment! Great to know you liked the video. Good luck with your studies!

@@CANEDUX it is a great video i even shared it with friends, thanks again for this good works.

@@adelsalam9735 You are welcome. Thanks for sharing, really appericiate it!

You might want to look at another photodiode or similar type.

You should have some parasitics in your photodiode, so it is not a complete datasheet I think.

I also faced the same,what should we do..can you help it out

@devas2979 I do not know, maybe contact the seller of the product...

Ok thank you

In data sheet,they mentioned about diode capacitance..can I use that

What is confusing specifically?

@@CANEDUX i cant make the difference between that two graphs.can you explain more simpler because i am new to this field

@@CANEDUX and also how did you take comparision between simulated RMSnoise and calculated since in calculated we dont mentioned about the frequency at which the noise is generated

@@devasaran-b9d RMS value of the noise is the integrated noise over de frequency you are interested in. The spectral density is the noise density per root Hz, so this depends on the frequency when you convert this into RMS values. You can watch my other videos about noise where I discuss other (somewhat simpler) circuits: ua-cam.com/play/PLuUNUe8EVqlnQ_ZEBx9S6a6juISpYcdJW.html

​@@CANEDUXok thanks

Thanks for your message! Great to know you liked the video. See the complete list: ua-cam.com/video/Axby-ENSQVY/v-deo.html&pp=gAQB

in the first method, you do not need the transfer function of the plant. From the step response, you will determine the delay time (L) and the time constant (T), and then you can use the parameters from the Ziegler & Nichols tuning method table.

The files are not available at the moment.

Great to know!

Thanks for your comment. I think you can follow the video to answer most of these questions. You can also check the playlist for more power converter design: ua-cam.com/play/PLuUNUe8EVqlkTs7tJwfkSq7Pj036zUyug.html

We apply Kirchhoff's voltage law at left side of the circuit. You can also write: V_CC = I_ref*R1 + V_BE1 + V_EE. Then, you rewrite this expression bij isolating I_ref. That is the equation I use in the video. Let me know if this clear.

@@CANEDUX oh thanks you so much, I got it. Now I'm doing a difficult excercise from my teacher, but I can not handle it, can I ask you for my problem

​@@CANEDUX My problem also same your circuit in video, but change a little in left and right. My circuit only has transistor Q2 connect the left with R1 and R2. The right has Rc. I think use method thevenin to simplify left of circuit. Do you think it's feasible?

@@angkhoamemath9549 You can use Thevenin and then apply the circuits laws like Ohm's law, KCL, and KVL.

@@CANEDUX oki thanks for your answer ❤️❤️

See video description.

Thanks for your nice message! Great to know that you liked the video 👍

Thanks for the comment. In the video from 00:04:20, I explain this in the figure too. The distance from the very inner square to the edge of the object is 0.01 m, because you need to take the both sides of the cross section into account. Both sides together will have a distance of 0.02 m but we look at the distance from the inner square to the mean path length.

Thanks for the comment. The given and written capacitor value is wrong. It should be C = 79.6 uF. Replace the 127 mF by 79.6 uF. The rest of the calculations that follow are correct.

I think the application notes of TI or Analog Devices have some good information.

@@CANEDUX can you please provide the links if possible

I have a playlist about power converters and in the descriptions you can find more info. See link for the DC-DC Power Converters: ua-cam.com/play/PLuUNUe8EVqlmo8U7EEBS6W1NpMBkA0JjI.html

@@CANEDUX I went through your playlist but no where you have mentioned about filter and load transfer function except for buck. I am specifically looking for filter and load transfer functions of other converters like boost, buck-boost, sepic and cuk. If you have any resources regarding that could you please share

@@s-08sohanp88 This is an application report from TI about Boost Converter: www.ti.com/lit/pdf/slva633

Great to know 👍

Type 2 or 3 or any other compensator can be used for current-mode and voltage-mode control. I have not seen a restriction for able to do both methods. Where did you read this?

@@CANEDUX One can find the Type II/Type III compensator selections in practical designs and suggested in several books, such as in Basso's books and also in the TI-literature. Let me add one part of a TI Report SLVA662, listed as follows: "Demystifying Type II and Type III compensators". A Type II compensation amplifier adds an RC branch to flatten the gain, and improve the phase response in the mid-frequency range. The increased phase is achieved by increasing the separation of the pole and zero of the compensation. Note that this type of compensator always has a net negative phase, and it cannot be used to improve the phase of the power stage. For this reason, Type II compensators cannot be used for voltage-mode control in CCM where there is a large phase drop just after the resonant frequency. Type II compensators are usually reserved for current-mode control compensation, or for converters that always operate in the DCM region. The Type III amplifier is the one for the voltage-mode converters operating in CCM. ------- Regards Udo

@@udohuhn-rohrbacher1406 I see that is written in this paper of TI www.ti.com/lit/an/slva662/slva662.pdf, but for example in this paper, it does use the Type 2 in voltage-mode control: www.infineon.com/dgdl/an-1162.pdf?fileId=5546d462533600a40153559a8e17111a I have to check those in more detail to understand why TI is mentioning this in his paper.

@@CANEDUX Check this from Basso's book: Basso book Switche-Mode Power Supplies 3.5.9 pages 297/298 Selecting the Right Amplifier Type Type I As it does not offer any phase boost, type I can be used in converters where the power stage phase shift is small at the desired crossover frequency. Type II: Most widely used and works fine for power stages lagging down to 90° and where the boost brought by the output capacitor ESR must be cancelled (to reduce the gain in high frequency). This the case for current-mode CCM and voltage-mode (direct duty ratio control) converters operated in DCM. Type IIa: This application field looks the same as for type 2, but when the output capacitor ESR effect can be neglected, for example, the zero is relegated to high-frequency domain, then you can use a type 2a Type IIb: By adding the proportional term, it can help reduce the under-or overshoots in several design conditions. We have seen that it prevents the output impedance from being too inductive, therefore offering superior transient response. Nevertheless, you pay for it by a reduction in the dc gain, hence a larger static error. Type III: You use this configuration where the phase lag brought by the power stage can reach 180°. This is the case for CCM voltage-mode buck or boost-derived types of converters.

@@udohuhn-rohrbacher1406 Thanks for the detailed feedback. I will check this also. Great to have this discussion.

The closed-loop gain of the TIA is given by -R_F with R_F being the feedback resistor only. In this expression, there is not feedback capacitor or any other component included.

@@CANEDUXThanks for your reply! But I would like to know how that conclusion was derived. Thanks!!!

You should use the same formula as for the inverting amplifier. Did you see my video?

@@CANEDUXYeah, that's what I thought. And I learned how to calculate the RMS noise from your video. Thanks for your patience and your video!!!

@@龙源-b1k Great to know. You are welcome. The derivation for the inverting amplifier and the TIA is very similar.

Thanks for your message. Great to know you liked the video! 👉 For more videos, see the playlist of Transistor Current Sources: ua-cam.com/play/PLuUNUe8EVqlk_MLKSjvb9oYSVelzHr-E-.html

Thanks for your message. This is a nice question and perhaps a video worthy. I will look at it in details later. After a fast search, I found this, but I think you can find more detailed further. electron6.phys.utk.edu/PhysicsProblems/E&M/5-AC%20circuits/ladder-circuits.html

@@CANEDUX Thanks for the info, I'll look into that path!

​@@Alan96555 You're welcome.

I explained this in the video also. Check the steps after time 00:10:20 for the details.

This is a nice topic I still want to discuss in detail later. Here, you can read some info about this subject: www.mathworks.com/help/mcb/gs/open-loop-and-closed-loop-control.html

@@CANEDUX thank you so much for your help , that will be so usefull .. Is there any design guideline , book that explains step by step how to design the loop and choose component .. because i really need these information for a project .

​@@mohameddrissi7215 There are some books that touch on the topics loop control of power converters, but I think the application notes of Analog Devices, Texas Instruments, etc. are more to the point and practical. See this video for more info and link to resources in the video description: ua-cam.com/video/p5q5jMvsjto/v-deo.html

@@CANEDUX thank you sir , i already saw this video and i found it so great by i m looking specifically for control loops of inverter to control motors

​@@mohameddrissi7215 Got it, I will look at it.

This question came up before, so I will copy paste the answer I have given then: 1. Compensation network (Type 3 network) is a third-order system, so it can provide 270 degrees. 2. MATLAB and TINA-TI Spice use a different phase polarity for the inverting error amplifier. MATLAB considers the phase reversal of the error amplifier as 180 degrees and not as -180 degrees, which is in effect the same. At DC, the phase of the compensation network is -90 degrees and with 180 degrees from the error amplifier make it -90 degrees. 3. Before we use the formula to calculate the K Factor, we add a phase of 180 degrees to get the phi_comp to compensate for the phase inversion in the error amplifier's inverting amplification. This is also described in this video when we discuss the calculations and simulations. More details are given in this video or a similar video via this link: ⚡ DC-DC Buck Converter Design Part 2 ⚡ - Controller Design - Calculations & MATLAB & TINA-TI: ua-cam.com/video/p5q5jMvsjto/v-deo.html

@@CANEDUX Many Thanks 🙏

You are welcome.

I am busy with different topics at the moment. I hope to get back to power electronics topics soon.

@@CANEDUX Many Thanks!

​@@biswajit681 You're welcome.

Thanks for your message and your appreciation! Great to know you are still eager to learn, that's the spirit. Good luck!