The Virtue of PRUDENCE, Josef Pieper

Josef Pieper argues that the virtue of prudence is the 'mother' of the moral virtues: justice, fortitude and temperance. Closely following St Thomas Aquinas he provides a sophisticated understanding of how this practical virtue is necessary for the moral life. He cogently critiques false notions of prudence without overstating his case. He argues how an excessive casuistry not only does not help individuals attain the virtue of prudence, but inadvertently keeps them captive to immaturity by excusing them from doing the hard work necessary to acquire virtue by developing their natural God-given abilities.

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