You may want to listen to the Welsh national anthem (Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau) then follow that with the Cornish anthem (Trelawny) and Breton anthems (Bro Gozh ma Zadoù) you'll notice that they adopted the same anthem. It's an anthem that's also used in Gaiman in Patagonia and the state of Khasi in Meghalaya, India (Ri Khasi). They've both evolved somewhat over time but the people in both these locations are still using the anthem and the language today. Although there are of course variations between the different anthems, Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau and its variations is currently used as an anthem in more places than any other anthem in the world.
Brittany is almost considered a sister to us in Cornwall, there was a lot of Cornish who fled there over hundreds of years to survive invasion, this influenced the language in Brittany.
Welsh has had its own Bible since 1588 - and the New Testament since about 20 years before then (that was when we lost the letter k, because the English printers didn’t have enough k’s in their font sets to represent all the k sounds, so they used c instead, which now only represents the “k” sound, never “s”).
That was a lot of the reason that Welsh survived much more than Cornish. During the Reformation, the English monarchy mandated that all church services be conducted in English. Since, unlike Wales, Cornwall was considered merely a County in England rather than a separate entity, they didn't get the Anglican prayer book, let alone the Bible, translated into Cornish.
Cymraeg ( Welsh) is spoken widely in North Wales Born and brought up here I speak Cymraeg obviously In fact I live in Llanfairpwllgwyngyll ( for short) at the moment If you go to the local Supermarkets/ Shops etc etc you will here a lot Cymraeg It’s very much alive and kicking and not ‘vulnerable’ as cited My eldest Daughter teaches infants, year 1 and 2 locally There is quite a mix of Nationalities in Her classes The Children of parents who come to this part of North Wales to work at Bangor University Plus the NHS etc hereabouts This Year She has a class of 28 35% roughly who’s native tongue is not even English She teaches them through the medium of Welsh! It’s amazing by the end of year 2 how the Pupils can converse quite well in 3 ‘Tongues’! Nos Da pobyl Hwyl! 😀🏴🏴🏴🏴👍
@ Nid oes gennyf unrhyw gyda hynny Tim When I walk around Bangor/ Caernarfon and Districts Most of Anglesey ( Ynys Mon) it feels ‘very Welsh’ to me When I visit Rhyl ( my home town) and coastal areas of Flintshire, not so I was brought up in Rhyl in the late 40 ‘s early 50’s I can do ‘Cymraeg’ with a ‘Scouse’ accent!😂😂😂🏴
@@spruce381 Scots Gaelic didn't appear until the Ui Neill established Dal Riada, etc. From i've of the Picts the belief seems to be that they either spoke a Brythonic language or a Germanic one. ALso Scots Gaelic could not always have been there in tandem with Irish because the Scots themselves came from Ireland, Picts and Strathclyders back then were not Scots.
@@andyallan2909Scots is a descendant of the Northumbrian dialect of Old English - that is what underlies its grammar and much of its vocabulary - and it spread from the area south of the River Forth which was part of Northumbria. It developed in parallel alongside and crossing over with the Middle English being spoken in England. It was not until the 13th century that the royal rulers of Scotland began to speak it in preference to gaelic. Until the 15th century, it was known in Scotland as "Inglis", the name "Scots" until that time having being used for the Gaelic language. Like modern English, it has borrowed words from other neighbouring languages but, at root, it remains a germanic language, closely allied to English.
I'd recommend checking out the Fortress of Lugh and his "Origins of the English" video as well as his videos on the Origins of the Scottish, Welsh, etc. They really help to understand how the identity of these people and their cultures formed.
Well that's intersesting, welsh vowels are the same as in finnish without our Ä vowel. Letters used to depict them are different and the welsh U is pronounced more like riks swedish Y. The vowels lettering in welsh to finnish as follows: A=A, E=E, I=I, O=O, U=Y, W=U, X=Ö, =Ä ..I got surprised when she started pronouncing the welsh vowels, I thought she suddenly started speaking finnish 😊
The only remaining Celtic language on mainland Europe is Breton, and it comes from Welsh and Cornish settlers (it’s part of the Insular Celtic group). All Continental Celtic languages (such as Gaulish) went extinct a long time ago and left only a few inscriptions.
There are still relatively strong celtic influences in many continental european languages. Galician should be one with the stronger influence. And its sister language, portuguese, still maintains many of them. But we can find celtic influences and roots everywhere in europe, french, spanish, german, etc This to mean that besides breton, it is correct to say that it has died but it is still part of the linguistics and culture.
@@spruce381 "celtic languages" are considered to be part of the Indo-European language family. basque is though to not be part of it. Just this thing shows how much special Basque is, compared to all of its neighbours.
The total of Celtic language speakers of the other home nations in total would be less than those of Welsh speakers using the language on a daily basis.
No, Scots (which refers to the language spoken in lowland / southern Scotland) is a variation of Old Northumbrian (because much of the south of Scotland used to be part of the Kingdom of Northumbria). Old Northumbrian is generally considered to be a dialect of Old English, but it's arguably different enough that it could be considered a language. Regardless of that, it evolved into modern Northumbrian and Scots.
Counting in twenties was a feature of English in past times too. You will find it in the Bible translations of the 16th and 17th centuries and in poetry: "three score and ten" to mean seventy.
The traditional system of numbers in Welsh/Cymraeg is what was taught at my Welsh medium school. It also uses the base 20 (vigesimal system). Hence, 78 is tair ar bumtheg a thrigian - literally three on five and ten and three twenties.
Scots comes from the same roots as English but they diverged about a thousand years ago. For example the perfect tense has -ed suffix in English but -it in Scots. So the equivalent of 'ended' in Scots is 'endit'.
Scots is a sister language to English that split iff from Old English and developed alongside it, hence why it is very similar. If you haven't already, I'd like to see you react to videos about the Scots language
I grew up in South Africa, and I can confirm there are a lot of shebeens in South Africa. They are unlicensed pubs/bars and always called shebeens. I live in Scotland now, I do love learning about Scots Gaelic.
The counting system you described is base 12, one of the oldest counting systems to exist. It also gets called duodecimal. The one we use of course is base 10 or decimal.
I'm English but I do the Welsh on Duolingo. I know it's not the best way to learn a language, but it's nice to connect with something non-English. In Wales, all Government services and a lot of businesses have to offer their services in English and Welsh, and for UK-wide things that sometimes spills into services delivered for people in England. I always like to swap to Welsh on a website/app and see how well I do. If you're in Wales too, all the road signs are bilingual too.
Connor, when scottish gaelic speaker is pronouncing 'ciamar a tha thu', the 't' in the word 'tha' is silent. and the 'th' at the start of the word 'thu' is also silent so the last two words in that phrase 'tha thu' are pronounced 'ha oo'
Before and during the Roman invasion, all of France and part of Western Europe spoke Gaulish, which was a Celtic language The Celtic languages have left a notable influence on French. Many place names in France, villages and towns have Celtic origins. The names of rivers such as the Seine (from Sequana), the Marne and the Saône come from Gaulish. Vocabulary and surnames too. Our way of counting and surely other things.
When you asked which mainland European languages were the Celtic languages' closest relatives, I almost commented Latin/the Romance languages (because that's the closest language family, afaik) but I honestly didn't expect to hear so many similarities between ancient Latin and these languages. Like not having a single word for yes or no or the vocative case being a thing.
That 12 thing - a shilling - 12 pennies. - a pound - 20 shillings - 240 pennies only replaced in 1971. A dozen, with a 20 on top. It’s all a bit funny and interesting. ❤️👍🏽👍☘️
In welsh you have Ie and Nage the word is of much more restricted use in Welsh than yes in English, it is used as an affirmative response only to question which begin with an element that is not the verb, generally focused question So if the question is Directed into welsh To London you are going today ? Replying with Ie means you are going to london or Today are you going to London Replying with Ie means it is Today you are going
Vocative is the case used when speaking to someone (or something!), so you wouln't call Seamus Hamish when talking about him: there are othe cases for that (e.g., accussative or dative). English and other Germanic languages have a counting system where you can see remnants of the duodecimal (12) system: that why you only use the teen suffix from thirteen..
Czechia, Slovakia, Southern Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Northern Italy, France and Northern Spain (and some other regions) used to speak Celtic languages in the past. ;) Interesting to think about that.
ABER means "by the coast" in WELSH , but then there is ABERdeen in Scotland which is also by the coast. ABER can also mean "by a river", as in ABERfeldy, again , in Scotland.
@@HuwBass Yeh, if you notice all 'Abers' are at the 'Mouth' of a river. Which most times are obviously near a Coast! the River 'Gavenny is a tributary of the Usk, and its 'Mouth' is Aber gavenny 'Mouth' is Ceg in Cymraeg. Therefore if we were looking for a Literal translation [which we aint!) Aber might be deemed as 'Estuary' Im not saying it is but all' Abers' appear to be by estuaries! Just for interest for readers and watchers. The Welsh alphabet does not contain the letters Q K Z X V or J I gyd yn ddiddorol iawn! 👍
@@Richardgwilliams My point exactly, In my mind, Aber does not imply coast, but does imply mouth. Although I have also wondered why ceg (and its mutations) are not involved.
Gàidhlig (Scottish) derives from Irish Gaelic, there was a Irish Kingdom in Scotland called Dal Riata and the ended up merging with the the indigenous Picts (there language no longer exists it was written in hieroglyphs) the Picts were the ancestors of the Scythians as most Scots have the Russian steppe gene that is not present anywhere else in the UK google Scottish Russian Steppe genes as proof of what i say, the fact is the Celts originate from the Iberian Peninsular, Scots have both Iberian and Russian Steppe genes
All languages used to use base 20, as in 4 score and 10, it has just died out completely in English. When I was young people counted either base 10 or base 20 in Irish but base 20 has pretty well disappeared.
Yourmain problem when rolling your R’s is that you’re pronouncing them in the wrong place in your mouth. What you are doing are ”throat rolled R’s, sort of like French chanteuse Edith Piaf, but these R’s are pronounced with the tip of your tongue against the ridge behind your upper front teeth.
Tried that - I’m Irish don’t roll it, but it’s a throat thing for me, tongue not moving. Irish or - like a whilste shape. In England, I now saw ar, same start, but with an open mouth.
@@spruce381Interesting. Most Irish speakers I've heard - admittedly not a great many - use the front rolled R, though some certainly use the English approximant instead. No matter, if Connor is going to try to roll his R's, he's better off trying to do the front rolled ones, not the throat rolled ones, the former are much easier (and more common).
Scots descends from Old English and the Anglo Saxons who settled in the lowlands, then part of Northumbria. It's mostly comprehensible. To say the Celtic languages are native and English is not is somewhat is somewhat contradictory because the Celtic people came from the continent and so did the languages, much in the same way as the Anglo Saxons. Both are native languages to these lands and English is the language of the English people and their ancestors, in the same way as the Celtic languages. 🏴🇬🇧
@@NickNick-tp5crno there not, i have heard this bs before and never get showed proof, your either a really dumb american or english person that's bitter that we proud of where we come from bc you guys really hate yourselfs for some reason
The closest-related language (and only survivor of the Celtic language family outside the islands), as was said in the video, is Breton in Brittany (north-western France). The closest relation to these Celtic languages that still exists today is already the next Indo-Germanic language family, Italic. To be specific, the descendants of Latino-Faliscan, which we now call the Romance languages (Italian, Occitan, Romanian, French, Castilian, Portuguese, and so on). That is the language family the Celtic languages have the largest similarities to, to the point where some etymologists (but a minority) have suggested that there was a common "Italo-Celtic" language stage after both split from the Indo-Germanic stem. But, like I said, the majority considers separate splits from the original language group. Italic and Celtic simply turned out to both be linguistically conservative in some areas and to follow along similar developments in others (but by far not all, obviously).
Fun fact: the Anglo-Saxons were a Germanic tribe that emerged from the Angles and the Saxons and originally came to England from what is now northeast Germany. At this time the language still had similarities with the other languages of Germanic tribes. However, over the centuries of mixing with other tribes, their own language naturally developed and the Vikings who came then also contributed a part. You can still see the connection to German in the English language today.
The only continental Celtic language striving to survive is Breton. BTW French also counts in base 20 starting from 70 (soixante-dix ie sixty-ten), then 80 (four-twenty) and 90 (four-twenty-ten), so that year 1995 is ten-nine-hundred-four-twenty-fifteen).
Scots is a dialect of English. Scotland's ethnic and linguistic history is complicated but the South Eastern part of it was subject to Anglo Saxon migration at the sane time as England. The kingdom of Northumbria stretched up to Edinburgh. The Irish migration from the west was happening at around the same time. Neither Scots nor Gaelic are indigenous to Scotland, the people previously spoke languages related to Welsh in the South, and Pictish in the North, which is a bit of a mystery but may also have been connected to Welsh.
Celt was a culture originating in Central Europe, not a nationality and died out centuries ago. There was no common language throughout Celtic culture, though there was some interchange for trading purposes. The Celtic culture spread over much of Europe and even into North Africa and Asia minor, reaching from Iberia and Ireland to what is now Turkey. Celtic people tended to be referred to as Gauls, Gaels, Galatians or some similar word.
Brittany is called that because the people there (or a good number of them) came from Britain. Its thought that it was post Roman Britain's who fled the Anglo Saxon invaders, having been pushed back into South West England. Bretton isn't therefore a survival of Gaulish, its from a different branch of the celtic languages from that of the Gauls. Brythonic languages are however closer to Gaulish than Irish.
Flann O'Brien - Connor, his book 'At Swim Two Birds' is a must-read - slightly unkindly satirised Irish people who made a point of speaking Erse in contrived twice-weekly meetings which they boasted of, then immediately reverting to English as soon as the meeting was finished.
I think what you took to be an old English influence on the Manx recordings in the other video was down to fact the readers were reciting rather than speaking naturally. I suspect the professor you mentioned from college was also reciting, that gives a particular tone.
You roll your "r"s wrong, I mean, inside your mouth. You just have to let the tip of your tongue vibrate against the hard palate, the spot that's right behind the front teeth (don't do the "gargle" thing).
Manx is similar to Irish except the spellings are more understandable for English speakers. Also, Breton is spoken in Brittany and descends from Brythonic Celtic languages brought there by refugees in the 5th century.
I've a heretical view about one of the greatest puzzles of our history; why there are so few Celtic words in English. It is clear that there was considerable survival of the previous people when the Angles and Saxons invaded and genetically most of the English, particularly those of us who come from further west, have a strong Celtic component. But I notice that there seem to have been two cultures that came from the Continent during the Bronze Age. One came up the western edge of Europe, Spain and the Atlantic coast of France, and that would have given rise to the Celtic languages. But the other came from the Rhineland. The place-names of Roman Britain are mostly from Brittonic, a Brythonic language ancestral to Welsh. Or was this because a western warrior aristocracy had conquered a Rhineland- descended peasantry? It has long been known that there was an Indo-European language family which was in North-west Europe, halfway between Celtic and Germanic. It has left its mark in the names of certain rivers. Is it possible that when the Angles and Saxons conquered, the natives in what is now England did not actually speak Celtic? And this may have been reinforced by a flood of refugees when great inundations forced many people from the Netherlands to flee in the 200s. Oddly, Brittany is called after Britain. We don't know quite what happened, but in the period 400- 600 famine and war caused many from South-west Britain to flee to what is now a France. Headlands in Brittany are called Cornouailles (Cornwall) and Damnonee ( Devon). Gaul, as France was then called, indeed spoke a Brythonic Celtic language, Gaulish. (Some inscriptions survive. ) Now, there is a very different southern dialect of Breton, round the town of Vannes. This may be a remnant of Gaulish.
Gaulish was not Brythonic. Brythonic is the word derived from Welsh for British. Breton is a Brythonic language because it had its origins in Britain. Gaulish did not come from Britain.
I have often wondered if, as they say the Celts fled to Cornwall, to Brittainy and to Wales, if the stories of King Arthur were a part of a known history for all these fleeing groups at that time. The history, or so called legends, of King Arthur certainly remained in the South-West of England too. In fact a grave, marked as that of King Arthur, is in the grounds of the ancient, ruined, Glastonbury Abbey. It's just an idle thought with no research to back it up, but I think it would make sense of the claims from each Group of these Celtic peoples that the Truth of Arthur was theirs and theirs alone. A people who fled from their original homeland would carry their history with them. I've read that it is thought, currently, that the Celts handed down their knowledge from generation to generation; that they did not have a written language. A year ago I was listening to a group of Archaeologists talking together and one said, by the by, that there was some new 'tentative' evidence emerging that might prove the ancient peoples, before the Roman invasion, did have a written language. Were they talking about the Celts I wonder. If so, the commonality of words and grammar between Cornish and Welsh we've just listened to from Rob Words seems to indicate a written language. It surely cannot be simply that the Celtic language has been waving to us from Cornwall and Wales all this time - disguised as Cornish or Welsh. That would be ridiculous. Apologies to those with much more knowledge on this matter if I am 'way off track'. As I say, these are just idle thoughts. If I am truly muddled here - any help would be greatly appreciated.
Your lessons about the British Isles and its Languages are going well, you may even know more than some British people. Y is some times a Vowel in English.
bit similar in manderine, u have a 'called' name and a 'family' or given name . and its a politness thing. u'd need t be close or given permission t use called name. but the names dont change sound. im guessing its a politeness. called name and like 'mr or mis' like title?
Breton literally just means British. So Britanny just means Britain. Because the people there are originally from Britain. Britanny in French is Bretagne and Great Britain is Grande Bretagne - the link is much clearer
The Irish were known as Christian missionaries in the 4th Century onwards, and the bible does of course have an Irish translation. However, Ireland has been deeply Catholic, and the oficial language of the Catholic church is Latin, and for a loooong time they prohibited anyone from owning a bible in their own language , and they didn't allow the local languages to be used in the liturgy until about 1965. Being colonized by the English didn't help the preservation of Irish either.
The big deficiency with English speakers is an ingrained monolingualism. In other parts of the world it's normal to have a number of languages. A big enemy to language learning is perfectionism like you are of less value if youre not a native speaker which puts people off starting a language or carrying it on.
@cleopatra5682 English is a germania not a romantic language. We followed germanic paganism which dates back to the neanderthals. Roman paganism is quite different.
@ I’m pretty sure Celtic paganism is different from Germanic & Nordic paganism..? After we were invaded by the romans we changed over to their calendar, language & alphabet!
@cleopatra5682 yeh, you're wrong. celtic paganism stems from germanic paganism. (We were pagans long before the romans came) Its really easy to check, just Google it.
@@cleopatra5682celtic paganism is written in celtic runes not an alphabet and goes back to the neanderthals. We didn't change our whole language, just absorbed some, English is primarily germanic. As for the calendar, what do you think christmas and easter are? They're pagan festivals adopted by the Christian faith to make conversion easier. Tut.
@@Haggis984 To paraphrase an Encyclopaedia of the Isle of Man "the correct ancient spelling is Manks, the letter "x" not existing in the Gaelic alphabet and has been introduced in recent times"
He said Penguin might come from welsh, the welsh for it Pengwin, and not pengwyn, gwin means wine (alchol) and the second word should be mutated so if it did come from welsh it Penwyn as when g is softly mutated it disappears.
I think most Welsh , like myself, can't speak it. A bit like that scene in Gavin and Stacey, when that chap speaks Welsh to Bryn and he hasn't got a clue what he's saying!.. I can totally relate.😂
The only thing this smug, condescending, self righteous video has done is to show why these languages nearly went extinct in the first place! Non of these languages can do the epistemological or etymological lifting that’s required for accurate, detailed and extensive communication that’s required in today’s modern world. The very reason why English is the modern universal language is because it’s a fantastic blend of all these languages and more - which makes it a much better tool for understanding and communicating the world around us. So let’s stop with the jibe at English and understand that the best tool needed to do a job should always win through, for that’s how society progresses, and English is, by far and away, the best language tool we have for the modern world!
That is linguistic nonsense, I'm afraid. The only reason languages become dominant is because of military, economic and cultural imperialism. Greek, Latin, Chinese, Arabic, Spanish, Portuguese, French, Russian and English all became dominant within their respective spheres of influence. Every language is just as capable as any other of expressing human needs.
Also theres no jab at the english, if us having a identity means we hating the english then that must mean that i hate the english, you know that's not true, your just bitter bc england is dying and you want us to go down with you, you sad person, i hope you learn to let go of your hate
@@morvil73 What he meant is that Scots is actually closer to Dutch than English. It's one step closer in a way... :) English>Scots&Doric>Frisian>Dutch&Flemish
You may want to listen to the Welsh national anthem (Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau) then follow that with the Cornish anthem (Trelawny) and Breton anthems (Bro Gozh ma Zadoù) you'll notice that they adopted the same anthem. It's an anthem that's also used in Gaiman in Patagonia and the state of Khasi in Meghalaya, India (Ri Khasi). They've both evolved somewhat over time but the people in both these locations are still using the anthem and the language today.
Although there are of course variations between the different anthems, Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau and its variations is currently used as an anthem in more places than any other anthem in the world.
Brittany is almost considered a sister to us in Cornwall, there was a lot of Cornish who fled there over hundreds of years to survive invasion, this influenced the language in Brittany.
Not all "Aber" names are on the coast. It is where a river meets another body of water. It could be an estuary OR a river confluence!
Welsh has had its own Bible since 1588 - and the New Testament since about 20 years before then (that was when we lost the letter k, because the English printers didn’t have enough k’s in their font sets to represent all the k sounds, so they used c instead, which now only represents the “k” sound, never “s”).
That was a lot of the reason that Welsh survived much more than Cornish. During the Reformation, the English monarchy mandated that all church services be conducted in English. Since, unlike Wales, Cornwall was considered merely a County in England rather than a separate entity, they didn't get the Anglican prayer book, let alone the Bible, translated into Cornish.
I love that you put the effort in to understand. You did well.
Cymraeg ( Welsh) is spoken widely in North Wales
Born and brought up here I speak Cymraeg obviously
In fact I live in Llanfairpwllgwyngyll ( for short) at the moment
If you go to the local Supermarkets/ Shops etc etc you will here a lot Cymraeg
It’s very much alive and kicking and not ‘vulnerable’ as cited
My eldest Daughter teaches infants, year 1 and 2 locally
There is quite a mix of Nationalities in Her classes
The Children of parents who come to this part of North Wales to work at Bangor University
Plus the NHS etc hereabouts
This Year She has a class of 28
35% roughly who’s native tongue is not even English
She teaches them through the medium of Welsh!
It’s amazing by the end of year 2 how the Pupils can converse quite well in 3 ‘Tongues’!
Nos Da pobyl
Hwyl!
😀🏴🏴🏴🏴👍
There are more Welsh speakers in the South though. Population density
@ Nid oes gennyf unrhyw gyda hynny Tim
When I walk around Bangor/ Caernarfon and Districts
Most of Anglesey ( Ynys Mon) it feels ‘very Welsh’ to me
When I visit Rhyl ( my home town) and coastal areas of Flintshire, not so
I was brought up in Rhyl in the late 40 ‘s early 50’s
I can do ‘Cymraeg’ with a ‘Scouse’ accent!😂😂😂🏴
Nôs da 😊
Scots comes from Northumbrian, Scottish Gaelic comes from Ireland
Rubbish!
Scot’s Gaelic was there in the west in tandem with Irish Gaelic - they traded all the time, before the Romans, during and after.
@@spruce381 Scots Gaelic didn't appear until the Ui Neill established Dal Riada, etc. From i've of the Picts the belief seems to be that they either spoke a Brythonic language or a Germanic one. ALso Scots Gaelic could not always have been there in tandem with Irish because the Scots themselves came from Ireland, Picts and Strathclyders back then were not Scots.
@@andyallan2909Scots is a descendant of the Northumbrian dialect of Old English - that is what underlies its grammar and much of its vocabulary - and it spread from the area south of the River Forth which was part of Northumbria. It developed in parallel alongside and crossing over with the Middle English being spoken in England. It was not until the 13th century that the royal rulers of Scotland began to speak it in preference to gaelic. Until the 15th century, it was known in Scotland as "Inglis", the name "Scots" until that time having being used for the Gaelic language. Like modern English, it has borrowed words from other neighbouring languages but, at root, it remains a germanic language, closely allied to English.
I'd recommend checking out the Fortress of Lugh and his "Origins of the English" video as well as his videos on the Origins of the Scottish, Welsh, etc. They really help to understand how the identity of these people and their cultures formed.
Well that's intersesting, welsh vowels are the same as in finnish without our Ä vowel. Letters used to depict them are different and the welsh U is pronounced more like riks swedish Y.
The vowels lettering in welsh to finnish as follows:
A=A, E=E, I=I, O=O, U=Y, W=U, X=Ö, =Ä
..I got surprised when she started pronouncing the welsh vowels, I thought she suddenly started speaking finnish 😊
And the R is rolled the same way!
The only remaining Celtic language on mainland Europe is Breton, and it comes from Welsh and Cornish settlers (it’s part of the Insular Celtic group). All Continental Celtic languages (such as Gaulish) went extinct a long time ago and left only a few inscriptions.
There are still relatively strong celtic influences in many continental european languages.
Galician should be one with the stronger influence. And its sister language, portuguese, still maintains many of them.
But we can find celtic influences and roots everywhere in europe, french, spanish, german, etc
This to mean that besides breton, it is correct to say that it has died but it is still part of the linguistics and culture.
Has basque any Gaelic connection?
@@spruce381 "celtic languages" are considered to be part of the Indo-European language family.
basque is though to not be part of it.
Just this thing shows how much special Basque is, compared to all of its neighbours.
Purpose of vocative case is a speaker trying to gain attention of a listner, basically: Hi-Marcus, how are you?
The total of Celtic language speakers of the other home nations in total would be less than those of Welsh speakers using the language on a daily basis.
They speak Welsh in Patagonia
Thats because of the igrations in the 19th century in the face of English attempts to eliminate Welsh speaking
@@davehopkin9502yep, but still fascinating
What you’ve got to remember Connor is that sea routes were more traveled than crossing land. Trade was all about port towns.
In practice they speak spanish these days but some people CAN speak welsh still
No, Scots (which refers to the language spoken in lowland / southern Scotland) is a variation of Old Northumbrian (because much of the south of Scotland used to be part of the Kingdom of Northumbria). Old Northumbrian is generally considered to be a dialect of Old English, but it's arguably different enough that it could be considered a language. Regardless of that, it evolved into modern Northumbrian and Scots.
Counting in twenties was a feature of English in past times too. You will find it in the Bible translations of the 16th and 17th centuries and in poetry: "three score and ten" to mean seventy.
Gorhemynadow dhyworth Kernow.
Greetings from Cornwall.
As DAfydd Iwan said in his song Yma o hyd .. we are still here 😊
Your attempts at Welsh were awesome.
The traditional system of numbers in Welsh/Cymraeg is what was taught at my Welsh medium school. It also uses the base 20 (vigesimal system). Hence, 78 is tair ar bumtheg a thrigian - literally three on five and ten and three twenties.
Scots comes from the same roots as English but they diverged about a thousand years ago. For example the perfect tense has -ed suffix in English but -it in Scots. So the equivalent of 'ended' in Scots is 'endit'.
Cymru am byth
Scots is a sister language to English that split iff from Old English and developed alongside it, hence why it is very similar. If you haven't already, I'd like to see you react to videos about the Scots language
I grew up in South Africa, and I can confirm there are a lot of shebeens in South Africa. They are unlicensed pubs/bars and always called shebeens.
I live in Scotland now, I do love learning about Scots Gaelic.
The counting system you described is base 12, one of the oldest counting systems to exist. It also gets called duodecimal. The one we use of course is base 10 or decimal.
I'm English but I do the Welsh on Duolingo. I know it's not the best way to learn a language, but it's nice to connect with something non-English.
In Wales, all Government services and a lot of businesses have to offer their services in English and Welsh, and for UK-wide things that sometimes spills into services delivered for people in England. I always like to swap to Welsh on a website/app and see how well I do. If you're in Wales too, all the road signs are bilingual too.
Connor, when scottish gaelic speaker is pronouncing 'ciamar a tha thu', the 't' in the word 'tha' is silent. and the 'th' at the start of the word 'thu' is also silent so the last two words in that phrase 'tha thu' are pronounced 'ha oo'
I took some Scots Gaelic lessons once. It was so difficult, and I'm pretty certain I was bottom of the class!
Before and during the Roman invasion, all of France and part of Western Europe spoke Gaulish, which was a Celtic language
The Celtic languages have left a notable influence on French. Many place names in France, villages and towns have Celtic origins. The names of rivers such as the Seine (from Sequana), the Marne and the Saône come from Gaulish. Vocabulary and surnames too. Our way of counting and surely other things.
When you asked which mainland European languages were the Celtic languages' closest relatives, I almost commented Latin/the Romance languages (because that's the closest language family, afaik) but I honestly didn't expect to hear so many similarities between ancient Latin and these languages. Like not having a single word for yes or no or the vocative case being a thing.
That 12 thing
- a shilling - 12 pennies.
- a pound - 20 shillings - 240 pennies only replaced in 1971.
A dozen, with a 20 on top.
It’s all a bit funny and interesting.
❤️👍🏽👍☘️
In welsh you have Ie and Nage the word is of much more restricted use in Welsh than yes in English, it is used as an affirmative response only to question which begin with an element that is not the verb, generally focused question
So if the question is
Directed into welsh
To London you are going today ?
Replying with Ie means you are going to london or
Today are you going to London
Replying with Ie means it is Today you are going
Vocative is the case used when speaking to someone (or something!), so you wouln't call Seamus Hamish when talking about him: there are othe cases for that (e.g., accussative or dative).
English and other Germanic languages have a counting system where you can see remnants of the duodecimal (12) system: that why you only use the teen suffix from thirteen..
Shumae, Sut wyt ti. Croeso i Gumru. (Helllo, how are you. Welcome to Wales)
Brilliant videos, regards Tony Sadler South Wales UK 🏴
Think why its called Brittany! No its an offshoot of old Britons - that moved to Northern France
Czechia, Slovakia, Southern Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Northern Italy, France and Northern Spain (and some other regions) used to speak Celtic languages in the past.
;) Interesting to think about that.
ABER means "by the coast" in WELSH , but then there is ABERdeen in Scotland which is also by the coast. ABER can also mean "by a river", as in ABERfeldy, again , in Scotland.
Abergavenny (y Fenni) is not by the coast,
@@HuwBass Yeh, if you notice all 'Abers' are at the 'Mouth' of a river. Which most times are obviously near a Coast! the River 'Gavenny is a tributary of the Usk, and its 'Mouth' is Aber gavenny 'Mouth' is Ceg in Cymraeg. Therefore if we were looking for a Literal translation [which we aint!) Aber might be deemed as 'Estuary' Im not saying it is but all' Abers' appear to be by estuaries!
Just for interest for readers and watchers.
The Welsh alphabet does not contain the letters Q K Z X V or J
I gyd yn ddiddorol iawn! 👍
@@Richardgwilliams My point exactly, In my mind, Aber does not imply coast, but does imply mouth. Although I have also wondered why ceg (and its mutations) are not involved.
Gàidhlig (Scottish) derives from Irish Gaelic, there was a Irish Kingdom in Scotland called Dal Riata and the ended up merging with the the indigenous Picts (there language no longer exists it was written in hieroglyphs) the Picts were the ancestors of the Scythians as most Scots have the Russian steppe gene that is not present anywhere else in the UK google Scottish Russian Steppe genes as proof of what i say, the fact is the Celts originate from the Iberian Peninsular, Scots have both Iberian and Russian Steppe genes
All languages used to use base 20, as in 4 score and 10, it has just died out completely in English.
When I was young people counted either base 10 or base 20 in Irish but base 20 has pretty well disappeared.
Yourmain problem when rolling your R’s is that you’re pronouncing them in the wrong place in your mouth. What you are doing are ”throat rolled R’s, sort of like French chanteuse Edith Piaf, but these R’s are pronounced with the tip of your tongue against the ridge behind your upper front teeth.
Tried that - I’m Irish don’t roll it, but it’s a throat thing for me, tongue not moving.
Irish or - like a whilste shape.
In England, I now saw ar, same start, but with an open mouth.
The famine was a killer for Irish language as well as people - teaching kids English to emigrate ti America or England was huge.
@@spruce381Interesting. Most Irish speakers I've heard - admittedly not a great many - use the front rolled R, though some certainly use the English approximant instead. No matter, if Connor is going to try to roll his R's, he's better off trying to do the front rolled ones, not the throat rolled ones, the former are much easier (and more common).
Scots descends from Old English and the Anglo Saxons who settled in the lowlands, then part of Northumbria. It's mostly comprehensible.
To say the Celtic languages are native and English is not is somewhat is somewhat contradictory because the Celtic people came from the continent and so did the languages, much in the same way as the Anglo Saxons. Both are native languages to these lands and English is the language of the English people and their ancestors, in the same way as the Celtic languages. 🏴🇬🇧
The Continental Celtic theory is being rethought now though
@francisedward8713
The celtic languages are gemanic in origin as English is a germanic language
@@NickNick-tp5cr But English isn't celtic. Celtic languages aren't germanic in origin.
@@NickNick-tp5crno there not, i have heard this bs before and never get showed proof, your either a really dumb american or english person that's bitter that we proud of where we come from bc you guys really hate yourselfs for some reason
Why don’t Americans speak the Native American languages ?. Are there any Native American words that Americans people use everyday without realising ?
Base Twenty counting; Northern English shepherds used to count in fives & twenties eg: 1Yan 2Tan 3Tether 4Mether 5Pip 6Azer 7Sezar 8Akker 9Conter 10Dick 11Yanadick 12Tanadick 13Tetheradick 14Metheradick 15Bumfit 16Yanabum 17Tanabum 18Tetherabum 19Metherabum 20Jigget There are songs doing this. Bye!
What about Shetlandic?
A useful item to research is "Welsh not".
The closest-related language (and only survivor of the Celtic language family outside the islands), as was said in the video, is Breton in Brittany (north-western France). The closest relation to these Celtic languages that still exists today is already the next Indo-Germanic language family, Italic. To be specific, the descendants of Latino-Faliscan, which we now call the Romance languages (Italian, Occitan, Romanian, French, Castilian, Portuguese, and so on). That is the language family the Celtic languages have the largest similarities to, to the point where some etymologists (but a minority) have suggested that there was a common "Italo-Celtic" language stage after both split from the Indo-Germanic stem. But, like I said, the majority considers separate splits from the original language group. Italic and Celtic simply turned out to both be linguistically conservative in some areas and to follow along similar developments in others (but by far not all, obviously).
Italic and especially Celtic also share several distinctive features with the Hittite language (an Anatolian language) and the Tocharian languages.
@@MashLimit Are you trying to spring the existence of the Indo-Germanic language family to me as if it's news right now?
Fun fact: the Anglo-Saxons were a Germanic tribe that emerged from the Angles and the Saxons and originally came to England from what is now northeast Germany.
At this time the language still had similarities with the other languages of Germanic tribes.
However, over the centuries of mixing with other tribes, their own language naturally developed and the Vikings who came then also contributed a part.
You can still see the connection to German in the English language today.
This is hardly a revelation...
The only continental Celtic language striving to survive is Breton.
BTW French also counts in base 20 starting from 70 (soixante-dix ie sixty-ten), then 80 (four-twenty) and 90 (four-twenty-ten), so that year 1995 is ten-nine-hundred-four-twenty-fifteen).
Except the Swiss, who didn't revert to that.
And in slightly older French (at least until the early 1700s had base 20 until 12 times 20.
@@eivindkaisen6838 Belgian French also departs from Parisian French in this respect (e.g. 70 is septante)
Yes !
oui, c'est incroyable !
@BlueDusk95
Britons and welsh share many common words.
20:31 onwards Connor fights with his inner child to stop the laugh coming out😂
Scots is a dialect of English. Scotland's ethnic and linguistic history is complicated but the South Eastern part of it was subject to Anglo Saxon migration at the sane time as England. The kingdom of Northumbria stretched up to Edinburgh. The Irish migration from the west was happening at around the same time. Neither Scots nor Gaelic are indigenous to Scotland, the people previously spoke languages related to Welsh in the South, and Pictish in the North, which is a bit of a mystery but may also have been connected to Welsh.
Celt was a culture originating in Central Europe, not a nationality and died out centuries ago. There was no common language throughout Celtic culture, though there was some interchange for trading purposes.
The Celtic culture spread over much of Europe and even into North Africa and Asia minor, reaching from Iberia and Ireland to what is now Turkey. Celtic people tended to be referred to as Gauls, Gaels, Galatians or some similar word.
Brittany is called that because the people there (or a good number of them) came from Britain. Its thought that it was post Roman Britain's who fled the Anglo Saxon invaders, having been pushed back into South West England. Bretton isn't therefore a survival of Gaulish, its from a different branch of the celtic languages from that of the Gauls. Brythonic languages are however closer to Gaulish than Irish.
Flann O'Brien - Connor, his book 'At Swim Two Birds' is a must-read - slightly unkindly satirised Irish people who made a point of speaking Erse in contrived twice-weekly meetings which they boasted of, then immediately reverting to English as soon as the meeting was finished.
I think what you took to be an old English influence on the Manx recordings in the other video was down to fact the readers were reciting rather than speaking naturally. I suspect the professor you mentioned from college was also reciting, that gives a particular tone.
You roll your "r"s wrong, I mean, inside your mouth. You just have to let the tip of your tongue vibrate against the hard palate, the spot that's right behind the front teeth (don't do the "gargle" thing).
Manx is similar to Irish except the spellings are more understandable for English speakers. Also, Breton is spoken in Brittany and descends from Brythonic Celtic languages brought there by refugees in the 5th century.
already seen it 👍thanks tho
Cape Breton Island has Gaeiic speakers
I've a heretical view about one of the greatest puzzles of our history; why there are so few Celtic words in English. It is clear that there was considerable survival of the previous people when the Angles and Saxons invaded and genetically most of the English, particularly those of us who come from further west, have a strong Celtic component.
But I notice that there seem to have been two cultures that came from the Continent during the Bronze Age.
One came up the western edge of Europe, Spain and the Atlantic coast of France, and that would have given rise to the Celtic languages. But the other came from the Rhineland. The place-names of Roman Britain are mostly from Brittonic, a Brythonic language ancestral to Welsh. Or was this because a western warrior aristocracy had conquered a Rhineland- descended peasantry? It has long been known that there was an Indo-European language family which was in North-west Europe, halfway between Celtic and Germanic. It has left its mark in the names of certain rivers.
Is it possible that when the Angles and Saxons conquered, the natives in what is now England did not actually speak Celtic? And this may have been reinforced by a flood of refugees when great inundations forced many people from the Netherlands to flee in the 200s.
Oddly, Brittany is called after Britain. We don't know quite what happened, but in the period 400- 600 famine and war caused many from South-west Britain to flee to what is now a France. Headlands in Brittany are called Cornouailles (Cornwall) and Damnonee ( Devon).
Gaul, as France was then called, indeed spoke a Brythonic Celtic language, Gaulish. (Some inscriptions survive. )
Now, there is a very different southern dialect of Breton, round the town of Vannes. This may be a remnant of Gaulish.
Gaulish was not Brythonic. Brythonic is the word derived from Welsh for British. Breton is a Brythonic language because it had its origins in Britain. Gaulish did not come from Britain.
I have often wondered if, as they say the Celts fled to Cornwall, to Brittainy and to Wales, if the stories of King Arthur were a part of a known history for all these fleeing groups at that time. The history, or so called legends, of King Arthur certainly remained in the South-West of England too. In fact a grave, marked as that of King Arthur, is in the grounds of the ancient, ruined, Glastonbury Abbey.
It's just an idle thought with no research to back it up, but I think it would make sense of the claims from each Group of these Celtic peoples that the Truth of Arthur was theirs and theirs alone. A people who fled from their original homeland would carry their history with them.
I've read that it is thought, currently, that the Celts handed down their knowledge from generation to generation; that they did not have a written language. A year ago I was listening to a group of Archaeologists talking together and one said, by the by, that there was some new 'tentative' evidence emerging that might prove the ancient peoples, before the Roman invasion, did have a written language.
Were they talking about the Celts I wonder. If so, the commonality of words and grammar between Cornish and Welsh we've just listened to from Rob Words seems to indicate a written language. It surely cannot be simply that the Celtic language has been waving to us from Cornwall and Wales all this time - disguised as Cornish or Welsh. That would be ridiculous. Apologies to those with much more knowledge on this matter if I am 'way off track'. As I say, these are just idle thoughts. If I am truly muddled here - any help would be greatly appreciated.
If you don't find Brown Willy funny there is something wrong with you.
Quebecois French is now a bit different from French as currently spoken in France.
Your lessons about the British Isles and its Languages are going well, you may even know more than some British people.
Y is some times a Vowel in English.
The Welsh woman said soft mutation btw.
Min 3 I swear, last pause lol
bit similar in manderine, u have a 'called' name and a 'family' or given name . and its a politness thing. u'd need t be close or given permission t use called name.
but the names dont change sound.
im guessing its a politeness. called name and like 'mr or mis' like title?
Breton literally just means British. So Britanny just means Britain. Because the people there are originally from Britain. Britanny in French is Bretagne and Great Britain is Grande Bretagne - the link is much clearer
The Irish were known as Christian missionaries in the 4th Century onwards, and the bible does of course have an Irish translation. However, Ireland has been deeply Catholic, and the oficial language of the Catholic church is Latin, and for a loooong time they prohibited anyone from owning a bible in their own language , and they didn't allow the local languages to be used in the liturgy until about 1965.
Being colonized by the English didn't help the preservation of Irish either.
yeah, Irish catholicism was very backwards by even standards of other catholic churches of that time
Connor, the more languages you know, the better your brains cognitive development is, the better at study and work in the future.
There’s no point to the grammatical rules - clearly a language doesn’t have to have cases at all - English doesn’t. But some languages just do
It's great if people want to learn these languages, but personally I don't have the spare brain power available to deal with all the complexity.
focus
Mae fy llong hofran yn llawn llysywod
Diawledig o beth!!
Diawledig o beth!!
The big deficiency with English speakers is an ingrained monolingualism. In other parts of the world it's normal to have a number of languages.
A big enemy to language learning is perfectionism like you are of less value if youre not a native speaker which puts people off starting a language or carrying it on.
Ciamar a tha thu?
Glè mhath, tapadh leat! Ciamar a tha thu mo charaid?
In english: how are you?
Very good thank you, how are you my friend?
34:36 Open your throat and push the sound to the front of your mouth and practice saying the word "rarity," rolling both Rs.
More people in Scotland speak Hindi than Gaelic.
Real?
@AdDewaard-hu3xk actually I got the language wrong I should have said Polish at 54000, Gaelic 50000.
@@AdDewaard-hu3xk sorry I got the wrong language 54,000 speak Polish, 50,000 speak Gaelic
Manx is nothing like Old English, it’s Gaelic (or rather Goidelic / Q-Celtic), as you say it’s an audible deception
Latin is another language with no equivalent words for yes and no.
And it's also a language with a vocative case. Marce for Marcus, e.g.
English is actually Roman. So is our calendar & alphabet. I’d love to return to our Celtic Pagan calendar & runes.
@cleopatra5682
English is a germania not a romantic language.
We followed germanic paganism which dates back to the neanderthals. Roman paganism is quite different.
@ I’m pretty sure Celtic paganism is different from Germanic & Nordic paganism..?
After we were invaded by the romans we changed over to their calendar, language & alphabet!
@cleopatra5682 yeh, you're wrong. celtic paganism stems from germanic paganism. (We were pagans long before the romans came) Its really easy to check, just Google it.
@@cleopatra5682celtic paganism is written in celtic runes not an alphabet and goes back to the neanderthals. We didn't change our whole language, just absorbed some, English is primarily germanic. As for the calendar, what do you think christmas and easter are? They're pagan festivals adopted by the Christian faith to make conversion easier. Tut.
Sorry but there is no such thing as minks, its Manks. My father spoke Galic before English, he also spoke Norweegen.
You mean manx?
@@Haggis984 To paraphrase an Encyclopaedia of the Isle of Man "the correct ancient spelling is Manks, the letter "x" not existing in the Gaelic alphabet and has been introduced in recent times"
He said Penguin might come from welsh, the welsh for it Pengwin, and not pengwyn, gwin means wine (alchol) and the second word should be mutated so if it did come from welsh it Penwyn as when g is softly mutated it disappears.
Diolch yn fawr iawn Connor
She said briton
Grrrrr tiocfaidh ar la!!!!!
Il a oublié le breton !
Guy speaks only of British languages.
@BlueDusk95 Ok, mais le breton est issu des tribus celtes des îles britanniques...
Fydd y cyllyll yn y cwpwrdd wrth y bwrdd yn y tŷ.
Write this phonetically please. (IPA).
vi:ð ə ‘kəɬiɬ ən ə ‘kʊpʊrð ʊrθ ə bʊrð ən ə ti: (it means “the knives will be in the cupboard in front of the table in the house”)
I think most Welsh , like myself, can't speak it. A bit like that scene in Gavin and Stacey, when that chap speaks Welsh to Bryn and he hasn't got a clue what he's saying!.. I can totally relate.😂
The only thing this smug, condescending, self righteous video has done is to show why these languages nearly went extinct in the first place! Non of these languages can do the epistemological or etymological lifting that’s required for accurate, detailed and extensive communication that’s required in today’s modern world.
The very reason why English is the modern universal language is because it’s a fantastic blend of all these languages and more - which makes it a much better tool for understanding and communicating the world around us.
So let’s stop with the jibe at English and understand that the best tool needed to do a job should always win through, for that’s how society progresses, and English is, by far and away, the best language tool we have for the modern world!
That is linguistic nonsense, I'm afraid. The only reason languages become dominant is because of military, economic and cultural imperialism. Greek, Latin, Chinese, Arabic, Spanish, Portuguese, French, Russian and English all became dominant within their respective spheres of influence. Every language is just as capable as any other of expressing human needs.
So if you're in South America that's Spanish and Portuguese, right?
I knew i would like find a twat like you in comments speaking bs, no one likes haters or liars
Also theres no jab at the english, if us having a identity means we hating the english then that must mean that i hate the english, you know that's not true, your just bitter bc england is dying and you want us to go down with you, you sad person, i hope you learn to let go of your hate
Scots is related even more than English to Dutch/Flemish (Fleming is a pretty common Scottish name) and Frisian.
No, it’s not.
@@morvil73 What he meant is that Scots is actually closer to Dutch than English.
It's one step closer in a way... :)
English>Scots&Doric>Frisian>Dutch&Flemish