Quartz Crystal Design and Oscillator Basics: Lightboard Instruction
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- Опубліковано 26 січ 2023
- www.microchip.com/missionassu...
They say “timing is everything” and the piezoelectricity of crystalline quartz, coupled with a positive feedback oscillator, provides a reference clock for that “everything” from FPGAs to deep space satellites.
Let us show you how heaters with thermistors or varactors with ASICs are used to stabilize the frequency to less than a part per billion over wide temperature ranges, radiation environments or crazy shock and vibration conditions. - Наука та технологія
Wow... I've never seen so beautiful and understandable video about quatz! Thanks!
Glad it was helpful!
Wow, the most visually appealing explaination video ever!
Glad you enjoyed it, and thanks for your feedback!
Excellent simply & better explained so far.👍
Glad to hear you found this helpful!
Just amazing 🫡🫡
Thanks for the info!. Quick question please - how important (if ever) is it to get a very precise crystal oscillator? I ask because I see some selling online - for example - a 4.0 MHz and then there might be another that is 4.125MHz… is there anything important to note about those that are specified down to the 1000th or 10000th of a decimal point?
Thank you so much
No problem! And happy to answer your question. The precision of a crystal oscillator is essential in many applications where stability, accuracy, and consistency of the frequency are critical. The reason why you see oscillators with very specific frequencies is because of the specific needs of certain systems. For example, telecommunication systems often use crystal oscillators to generate carrier frequencies for transmitting and receiving signals. In these applications, precision is essential because a small deviation in the frequency can result in significant communication errors or even loss of signal. Or even, GPS, a small error in frequency can lead to a large error in position calculation. Let us know if this helps.
@@MicrochipTechnologywait I'm curious, so these oscillators are used in all the band jumping that has evolved to 5g, but came from code breaking science that Hedy Lamarr helped invent? Whoa that's deep
That was good. Crystal oscillators are cool.
Glad you enjoyed this video!
Since the crystal leads are reversible, what exactly does the ground connect to? I figure I'll find the answer before a reply but other people may read this and want to know as well. Cheers!
Hi there, thanks for reaching out. The ground in a quartz oscillator circuit typically connects to the common ground of the surrounding circuitry, serving as a return path for electrical currents and providing a common reference point for voltage measurements within the circuit. We hope this helps!
It vibrate and sets cerain frequency,in radios,computers so on.
If want to listen to policec on a crystal radios than you buy that frequency. Same on mother board sets the cpu frequency through the board.
Awesome
I have a few questions, if you don't mind educating me on it. You're talking on how we get this energy from quartz through human manipulation of it. Does this also happen to it in nature and how powerful is this energy from it, especially when there's an abundance of it for instance where there's lots of limestone in the ground, and does flowing water over it seem to amplify its energy?
Hi Mike, sure thing! Quartz's piezoelectric effect, where it converts mechanical stress into electrical energy, is harnessed in technology but is minimal in nature. The energy generated by quartz naturally, even in abundant areas or with flowing water, is not significant for practical use. The engineering of quartz in devices focuses on precise frequency generation, utilizing meticulously crafted quartz crystals, which differs from natural occurrences. Hope this helps!
@@MicrochipTechnology The reason I ask is, I don't know how much you believe in the paranormal, but from what I hear from investgators, especially residual hauntings seem to be stronger where there is a large deposit of limestone which usually marbled with a lot of quartz. Through my low educated guess on the subject I wonder if what energy the crystal does produce naturally, if it could be a contributing factor to the hauntings.
Not our area of expertise, but interesting to ponder!
Say i was to carve out a 60ft obelisk made of quartz, and had that sitting on a quartz base that was drilled down into limestone channels with a tidal river filling those channels. Would that create energy?
That's a thought-provoking setup! While quartz has piezoelectric properties, the scale of your idea would make energy harvesting complex. The interaction with a tidal river might not be enough to generate significant energy. It's the controlled pressure and release on quartz in tech devices that does the trick!
@@MicrochipTechnology Well you say that but breaking the stream of water from a tap and holding a LED to both streams creates enough energy to light it up.
I believe there is a reaction when running water flows through limestone channels. But I agree 100% you would need something extremely sophisticated to harness such energy. Maybe something as complex as the great pyramid in Egypt!
There was a wisdom keeper called Hakim Awyan. He had wisdom passed to him from the ancient Egyptians. He spoke about the pyramids being used to create energy. Possibly sound. There is also a huge base made from quartz in Egypt which most likely had a 50/60 foot quartz obelisk. He also talks about something called the Schist Disc or the Schist Wheel, he says it was used to create ultra sonic sound, which he claims can be use to manipulate gravity. Now if the pyramids did create some sort of sound then you might need an oscillator to harness it. Hence the quartz, and I find it a bizarre coincidence that the 3 main pyramids where encased in granite. 1 was red, 1 was black and one was white, which are the colours we use for audio.
A lot of the things Hakim Awyan said has been back up by a highly regarded engineer called Christopher Dunn, and Hakim was also in a documentary called The Pyramid Code. You will find it on UA-cam. Please look into it if it piques your interest.
Apparently Tesla said, he had figured out what what pyramids are for after completing his tower. Who in my opinion was by far the smartest person to ever of lived. Maybe looking at the past can solve our problems for the future.
But I'm not really smart enough to figure it all out. I'm just trying to apply logic based on what I know about sound. Which is what got into this subject in the first place.
I was once playing around with low frequency sub bass. Below the range of our ear. 35hz and below. My doors rattled like crazy and some items I had on the floor started moving. That's when I went looking to find out what was going on. I found a chap on UA-cam called John Hutchinson, who was using magnetic frequencies to liquefy metal and make a 75lb cannonball levitate, then I found some other people using high pitch frequency to make objects levitate. I guess this is what makes quantum physics so interesting. It basically rips up the rule book. I think the world is more strange than we know, or maybe I'm just strange. Hahaha.
Thank you for taking the time.
Hi! I have 2 questiions:
1. The volatage applied to the crystal isnt constant?
2. If the crystal has 2 terminals for voltage , how does the ciruite measure the oscillations?
Thanks!
Hi Jonathan, thanks for reaching out! The voltage applied isn't constant; it's part of a feedback loop that keeps the crystal oscillating at its resonant frequency. When a voltage is applied to the crystal, it experiences a physical deformation due to the piezoelectric effect, and starts to oscillate. The circuit measures the oscillations by monitoring the voltage variations across the crystal's terminals, which are integrated within the circuit. The oscillations create a varying voltage that is then amplified and fed back into the crystal to sustain the oscillation. Hope this helps!
@@MicrochipTechnology Thanks!
Is it possible to create an equivalent circuit (with quartz frequency -32kHz) with resistor, capacitor and inductor?
Hi there, an equivalent RLC circuit for a 32 kHz quartz crystal would require tuning inductance (L), capacitance (C), and resistance (R) to achieve resonance at 32 kHz. The specific component values can be found in the crystal's datasheet.
However, replicating the high Q-factor of a quartz crystal, which confers its low energy loss and high stability, is difficult with discrete components. Thus, the RLC circuit's performance may not be as stable or precise as the actual crystal.
Hope this helps!
Nice
Have U got how a Quartz watch (Analogue) watch works?
Hi there! Here are a couple UA-cam videos that explain how a quartz analog watch works in detail.
One video is titled "How a quartz watch works - its heart beats 32,768 times a second," ua-cam.com/video/_2By2ane2I4/v-deo.html#:~:text=URL%3A%20https%3A%2F%2Fwww,100, which speaks of the intricate workings of the quartz movement and its components.
Another resource, "How do quartz clocks work? - Clocks And Watches Explained," ua-cam.com/video/3jfgQF3jX7A/v-deo.html#:~:text=URL%3A%20https%3A%2F%2Fwww,100, may also provide the clarity you're looking for, as it explains the mechanics behind quartz timepieces.
Hope this helps!
Sir please explain the hormonics in crystal oscillator
Hi there, thanks for your question. Harmonics in a crystal oscillator are multiples of the crystal's base frequency. While the crystal is designed to vibrate at its fundamental frequency, it can also resonate at these harmonic frequencies, which are integer multiples of the base frequency. Ideally, these harmonics are minimized because they can cause signal distortion and noise. However, in some cases, they may be intentionally used for specific applications. Hope this helps!
Thanks sir 👍
@@MicrochipTechnology Right. Operating at an overtone effectively increases the Q of the crystal, often dramatically.
Wooww!!
I was searching this kind of explanation for a long time. Thanks!!
But I want more explanation about clock signal generation in microcontrollers by crystal oscillators.
Hi Abhijeet, thanks for your comment! Absolutely, a crystal oscillator in a microcontroller works based on the piezoelectric property of quartz. When an electrical charge is applied, the crystal deforms and then returns to its original shape, creating a stable oscillating signal. This signal acts as a "clock" for the microcontroller, synchronizing its operations. The frequency of this clock is determined by the quartz crystal's physical properties. Often, the microcontroller can further divide this frequency if needed. While the crystal doesn't generate the clock signal alone, it forms a resonant circuit, typically with capacitors and an amplifier, to create the oscillation. You can learn more about crystal oscillators in our webinars: www.microchip.com/en-us/education/technical-learning-center/webinars/mission-assurancee
Hope this helps!
however, Quartz cannot be an oscillator by itself.
If it vibrates, electricity. If it receives electricity, it will vibrate.
so it can work both ways...
I think the igniter in lighters works in the same way... of course, since each crystal has a resonant frequency related to its own structure,
frequency can be obtained stably in orcillators👍
Thanks for your feedback!
I now know more and understand less. Or maybe it's the other way around. Either way, good video.
Sir, can we compare this to a body muscle?💛😆
Thuoght it was Alex Jones for a second
I am certainly a crystal thief from now on.
Not a good explanation, I don't like it. Everithing has an own frequency, from this point it is better to explain. Ping a glass, and you will understand.....
Right! I wasn't left with any answers or any questions...
He said depending of the cut, thickness and size, and direction of the matrix. I think he implied that with that all encompassing statement. The frequency is directly involved with power input, atomic matrix, and size of crystal
But glass doesn’t regulate like quartz does, isn’t that the difference here?