The Rise and Fall of the Byzantine Empire in Charts.
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- Опубліковано 12 тра 2024
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Sources for the data presented in the video:
Rein Taagepera, "Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D."
C.Mango "Studies on Constantinople"
C.Mango "Le développement urbain de Constantinople: (IVe - VIIe siècles)"
Kenneth Harl "Rome Population", University of Cincinnati
Nicolle, David (1992). Romano-Byzantine Armies: 4th-9th Centuries.
Treadgold, Warren T. (1995). Byzantium and Its Army, 284-1081.
S. Roman, E. Palmer, "The Growth and Decline of the Western Roman Empire: Quantifying the Dynamics of Army Size, Territory, and Coinage"
Richard Krautheimer, "Rome Profile of a City"
Bertrand Lancon, "Rome in Late Antiquity"
Ferdinand Gregorovius "History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages"
The wonderful background music is by Adrian von Ziegler: • Relaxing Roman Music -...
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The 4th Crusade was such a disgrace.
Always has been 😔
They massacred tens of thousands of catholics just a couple decades earlier. They had it coming.
All of my western and eastern homeboys and homegirls think it’s cringe 🗣️✨
Invited by the roman emperor himself
Every crusade was a disgrace obviously
Saddest event of Christian history
Praise god Roma never fell to Muslims. 🙏
R.I.P Constantinople 😔
@@AvinkwepRome can piss off. It was a shit show like any other society.
It would have never happened but for the 1204 Sacking of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusaders. Even though the Palaiologue Dynasty managed to re-establish the Empire and was the longest lived dynasty in the empire’s history, it never recovered from that sacking. Even after the Battle of Manzikert Alexis and John Comnenus came within an inch of restoring the empire to permanence.
@@williampaz2092 From a Christian perspective, I would argue that makes it even sadder. Christians so busy stupidly fighting each other that the Muslims could eventually just walk in and annex the entirety of the Roman empire.
I wish you well-being from Asia Minor, the heart of Eastern Roman. I follow your videos with interest. There is a castle in my city built by Manuel Komnenos, the first known ancestor of the Komnenos.
Что за город?
@@user-he6mg3xq3i In the region called Paphlagonia by Eastern Roman. The city of Kastamonu as it is known today.
I'm addicted to this channel, you are my roman empire Maiorianus ❤
Its sad to think there were two moments when the eastern roman empire could have made a comeback and re-established the glory days. The huge comeback from Justinian/Belasarius is so underrated, it was a monumental feat to reconquer all that land in such a short amount of time. What a shame that it slipped from their grasp in the end. And as you mentioned, by the end of Basil II's reign, to have reconquered so much lost territory through battle after bloody battle (Nikophoros and Tzimiskes, both warrior emperors before Basil) and establish what was the powerhouse of the medieval world, only to lose a lot of it to Seljuk-Turks in the east. It's the classic "If I had a time machine" story, and seeing it in timeline form really hits that feeling home hahaha
Great heavy work done!
Great video
Finally something interesting to watch
Under Basel II the east empire was at its healthiest peak. Justinian embarked onto a folly project which laid devastation and squandered the state finances compromising seriously the power of the empire to take on future challenges.
5:38
Love while anyone would say they would help the Austrian painter get into the Academy, most of the Romaboos would just straight up kill Ricimer if they had the chance. A historical character remembered with little affection. 😅
Love your outfit
13:50 the rise was steep and fast.
Sebastian, it took Rome 300 years to conquer the Italian peninsula.
Then another century or so to conquer most of the Mediteranean.
Great history
Irony is Australia spending hundreds of billions to protect trade routs against its major trading partner . Oh my , the channel is about the fall of Rome . Apologies, not . Protect your borders and culture and stop being sidetracked via other agendas as it will lead to similar effects. Food for thought. 🎉🙃🍜☕
which subscription platform returns the most % for memberships to you? Patreon? UA-cam? Other?
Thanks for your kind question :) I guess it would be Patreon
Much awaited, much appreciated looking forward to excellent insights as always from you.
The 4th Crusade of 1204 still makes my blood boil.
When the Christians brutally sacked and occupied the Eastern Romans so much history was lost. And Christianity as a whole suffered too with the rise of the Ottomans since the Eastern Romans was not there to block it.
Makes me want to play the historical grand strategy game Europa Universalis IV (set from 1444 to 1821) again the restore the Eastern Roman Empire to it's former glory. In fact, since it is Sunday and I have nothing else to do...
Even if the 4th Crusade never headed to Constantinople in the city not being sacked and it instead continued on to Egypt as originally planned and Eastern Rome was allowed to continue uninterrupted = the empire was very sickly on the decline at this time and would still be in deep trouble with the constant civil wars and Turkish raids till the Mongols arrived & after.
Along with more illegal migrations fleeing from the Mongols in their invasions in Persia, and Balkan attacks from other nations north of them... the empire was in deep trouble regardless of a 4th crusade happening or not.
The only way for the empire previously to survive is for Basil the 2nd to fix the succession system with a worthy heir before his late years, deal with the corrupt nobility all around... and keep a loyal army system in place against usurpers as well... also fixing the theme system perhaps as well.
If Eastern Rome had won Manzikert with better leadership in wiping out the Turkish armies completely with more organized secured border fortifications & sorted government back home... it would then prevent further migrations for decades or centuries till the Mongols... and the Crusades would not happen in ruining things further in interruptions in the regions.
I don't think Eastern Rome would survive forever as an empire regardless if the Turks and Mongols came or never existed... Europe was still catching up technologically... and would only delay the evitable for a few more centuries till Napoleon I reckon... or until WW1 or WW2 again in reformations or rivalry with other empires.
But... it would be great to see Eastern Rome today as the continuation of the Roman empire & Greek civilization combined, as a Federal Republic or Monarchy with Constantinople still mostly intact from the Medieval era... while still having some ancient buildings around still in Greece's hands as the capital still while having more modern building regions beyond the walls as expanded parts of the new city while still being mostly intact. 😊
No Turkey, no Ottomans, no Armenian genocide, no vast numbers of criminal illegals into Europe today... and no messed up Eastern South Europe economically.
The dream of seeing Constantinople still Greco Roman intact today for all us in modern times to see and enjoy as a nation... would've been a grand dream come true indeed.
Walking the Theodosian walls intact, seeing the sea walls, seeing the great Greco Roman city... and so much more.
Hashtag/#: Eastern Rome & Constantinople, Forever! 💜
You have to put in consideration that back then the Catholics and Orthodox saw each others not as different Christian dominions but as heretic evil people and sometimes in the same category as filthy infidels
Does the massacre of the Latins in 1182 make your blood boil too?
This helps to highlight how many utterly inspirational comebacks the Eastern Roman Empire had after devastating setbacks
I I don’t think that the army size reaches 300 000 during Justinian. The fact that he barely spend 10 000, with all most no reinforcements to conquest Italy and the catastrophic result of that, when Rome changed sides multiple times. At the end of his life, Justinian became just a tax payer to the Persian Shah and left the empire with defend less borders.
Amazing video👏
You should live stream yourself playing Attila total war.. Then try and save the western roman empire. As you play you can chat about late Roman times and answer questions from us.
Sebastian typing WESTERN & EASTERN Roman Empires in the titles: (challenge nightmare difficultly)
He is very biased against the Eastern Roman Empire, falling to the pop history stereotype of "Western Rome was real Rome and Eastern Rome is fake Byzantine Empire"
@@zippyparakeet1074 and as his fangirl I’m going to politely bug him every time about it. Especially since he made a whole video of why he thinks the term “Byzantine Empire” is cringe (downloads said video just in case)
Doest seem to me that he is biased against the Byzantines because he calls them Eastern Romans even centuries after the fall of the West. To still call them Roman at all without even holding Rome or speaking Latin seems high praise.
@@DieLuftwaffel He has also talked about how the term "Byzantine" was invented and promoted by the Holy Roman Empire to bolster their claim to being the true successors of Rome (though they weren't).
Love your work. Are you familiar with 'The History of Byzantium' podcast? I think you'd really like it.
🤯
Well the Justinian Plague in the 6th Century AD especially Justinian's death was the beginning of the end of the ERE but the 4th Crusade of 1204 really weakened the ERE in which it lead to its demise in 1453.
Seems from the time of Alexander the Great’s death on that Greek Culture became expert at managed decline…
a great channel
I know I have been asking this many times already a long time ago but should the Horses of Saint Mark and other things stolen from Constantinople in 1204 be return to Istanbul or at least, to Athens?
When the Greeks pay reperations for the tens of thousands of Italians murdered and sold into slavery to the Turks in 1182, then we can talk about returning the artifacts taken from Constantinople. Otherwise, let's just call it water under the bridge.
I think the "Byzantine" Empire should just be called the Roman Empire. Not even "Eastern Roman". Because when Odoacer deposed Romulus Augustulus, he sent the imperial regalia to Constantinople declaring that Rome "needed only one emperor", effectively reuniting the Eastern and Western courts again.
I would love for you Maiorianus to do some future what if videos next for future ones made about if you run out of ideas! = if you're interested... I'll gladly help! 😎😉 If we talk.
What if Eastern Rome won at Adrianople? = what would be the affects on the empire after?
What if the Roman empire never broke up after 395 AD? = would it even survive or not really?
What if the Great Library of Alexandria was never destroyed by Christian fanatics of the late 300s? = How would it affect human history going forward afterwards in great possibilities?
What if Justinian's reconquests of the West never happened? = what if he instead saved the empire's resources wisely for future wars in the East against Persia with further fortifications and against other Northern enemies and not wasted more money on his capital expensive building projects?
What if the Justinian plague never happened? = what would happen in possibilities instead?
What if the Roman Persian wars of 602 & 628 AD never happened? = how would this event not happening affect the rise of Islam? = would both empires survive their incursions?
What if the Romans won the battle of Yarmouk? = what could possibly happen with the future of both empires of Constantinople and Persia against Islam next?
What if Eastern Rome never lost Egypt, the Levant and Syria with North Africa to the Muslims? = How would it affect the empire's survival overall?
What if Constantinople's aqueducts were never damaged during the dark ages & sieges? = how would it affect its population at the capital and empire overall during the centuries ahead?
What if Basil the 2nd had a worthy heir = your thoughts in possible candidates back then known?
What if the Romans won at Manzikert against the Turks?
What if the Crusades never happened? = How would it affect the Eastern Roman empire's survival overall?
What if the gold bullion treaty with Venice never happened? = how would it affect Eastern Rome's economy overall in the long run?
What if the 4th crusade never happened? = would the empire manage to recover somehow?
What if the Mongol invasions & Ottomans never happened? = could Eastern Rome ever recover post 4th crusade somehow?
And what do you think would happen if Eastern Rome survived into the modern times = with Byzantium actually winning Manzikert and being successful from that time onwards?
1500s to 20th century... till now?
Hope you enjoyed my ideas to use for future possible vids... I can help with more later. 😎😉
Please... Keep up the great work! 👍✔
Hashtag/#: Eastern Rome... Forever! 💜
th army size is somewhat misleading as the human population generally increased from the year 600 to 1000, so an army size larger wouldn't be as effective as earlier in history
That increase wasn’t mostly in West Europe, India, and China?
Great video; however, I don't think that the population reached 700000 during the 11th century. Without Egypt, the city's grain had to be procured through the market, which was exorbitantly expensive. I think that the city's population was able to reach up to about 400K during the reign of Basil II-but this was still very impressive for a Medieval city.
I won't be tired to tell you that depicting all western Greece out of control of the empire for almost two centuries is totally wrong. There had been some Slavic raids and various revolts that kept portions of greek peninsula out of control of the empire for some periods but nothing permanent as you imply in your maps.
17:18 Don't we have better knowledge of Rome's population other than it randomly hit 1 million, stayed at exactly 1 million for 350 years then dropped suddenly off?
The Roman Empire and Columbus reaching the Americas almost overlapped. But not quite
I love Late Roman history and data/charts (I’m a scientist). This video is a treat, it really helps me understand the history much better! I didn’t quite catch the name of the last remnant part of the Eastern Empire - sounded something like “Unitsa?”. Sounds very Greek, part of Greece? Thanks Sebastian, you’re the best. I almost didn’t recognize you in that hat!❤❤❤your channel.
Hi Kimberly, thanks a lot for your kind words
These videos are so sad to watch, wish we still had Rome
Europe is falling right now for all the same reasons Rome fell. Mass migration, replacing the population replaces the civilization. Period.
Land area doesnt really reflect the power and state of the Empire. Justinian expand empire too much, same after Basil II where expansion into Armenia force Roman to face Seljuk. Often we dont apreciatte people like Anastasius who focus more on finanses, integrity and stable politic scene of empire
Justinian took Italy too soon. He should have consolidated power in Africa first. With the coming of the plague however I don't think he would have been able to try later anyway so maybe he did the right thing for the wrong reasons. Basil was right to take Armenia. It was only ever lightly garrisoned. Nobody could have predicted the Seljuk takeover of the old Caliphate, but the decision to disband most of the Anatolian army after Basil's time was a mistake the Empire would never recover from. Not long after that the Seljuks poured into Anatolia, then it was Manzikert, and disaster.
It's crazy to think that the Eastern Romans were on the brink of utter collapse so many times but were then saved by a capital general or Emperor only for it to happen again not long after
I am LOVING my trip through Rome through this channel, but I still don't get WHY the barbarians seemed to have it out for Rome so much.
WHY was Rome sacked? What pushed things that far?
And was the world better as a result?
Were Rome... the baddies?
Most depressing video i have ever watched
As soon as Islam slithered out the desert they should have made a mutual defence pact with the Sasanian Persians and we might have a different world now.
As a matter of fact they kind of did, but both powers were too weak to pit a joint defense against the Muslims.
There were no muslims at that time. Islam was the result, not the cause of Arabic conquests that took places over several decades and had no unified leadership or plan. Islam emerges only after caliph Abd Al-Malik consolidation of power from appropriating and restructuring earlier Syriac-Jewish christian millenarian beliefs previously marginalized by imperial church. 😁
They did a peace vtreaty but it was too late. The roman empire once again betrayed persia and the east, and left them to defend themselves alone. Disgraceful
They did work together but by then it was too late. Both empires were weak
Great video