I just recently learned about the Deep Water Cycle, how the way plate tectonics works with subduction zones where ocean crust sinks beneath continental crust and recycles into the mantle. Some water goes down, too, and after getting broken down into hydrogen free radicals may make its way back up to the surface via a volcanic erruption. With water cycling through the mantle, it stands to reason that coastal subduction zones have also dumped a lot of fossils into our molten recycle bin. Animals in transition between land and water would favor the coast. If that coast was EVER a subduction zone, we're unlikely to find anything cause the oldest rock was melted down before we figured out picks, shovels, or chizels.
This is one of the greatest tragedies of paleontology. There are so many fossils from the depths of the ocean and along tectonic boundaries that we'll simply never find. So many ancient life forms, forever lost to time. It makes each one we do find all the more remarkable.
@@notquitenil Many of them are not lost yet. They have a long way to go down before they are actually destroyed. Many are lying too far down for us to reach (yet) but are still intact.
In the same way that the prediction of Neptune is fantastic evidence for the power of mathematics and astronomy, Tiktaalik was also found by predicting where in the strata you would expect to find the transition of fish to tetrapods. Proving just how powerful the theory of evolution really is.
Theory of evolution ha. Ever wonder why there was always an extintion for next step of evolution to kick off..there is cosmic hand in guiding the evolution
@skyhigh9474 Ever wondered? No, not particularly, since the suggestion that evolution only occurs following a mass extinction is a crock of s**t, made up by someone who is either strawmaning the theory of evolution, or doesn't know the first thing about it. If there is a "guiding hand" involved in the design of life, that hand is attached to a dribbling imbecile of a creator, who left design flaws in it's creations that most children could easily point out are dumb. Optic nerve attaching to the front of the retina, creating a blind spot right in the middle of our vision (but not for cephalopods, I guess this guiding hand had a soft spot for calamari), putting the opening of the one tube that can make you drop dead if it gets clogged with food, millimetres from the one that carries food, making plant chlorophyll green, even though chlorophyll absorbs green light extremely poorly, were as it would absorb light an order of magnitude more efficiently, if this guiding hand had simply made chlorophyll black, ectopic pregnancies, cancer, degenerative brain disease. This list only scratches the surface of incredibly stupid "design flaws", however, it illustrates that this "guiding hand" is either woefully incompetent, or is a capricious prick who wanted imbue it's creations with suffering.
@skyhigh9474 Ever wondered? No, not particularly, since the suggestion that evolution only occurs following a mass extinction is made up by someone who is either strawmaning the theory of evolution, or doesn't know the first thing about it. This "guiding hand" is either woefully incompetent, or is a capricious sociopath who wanted imbue it's creations with suffering. Optic nerve attaching to the front of the retina, creating a blind spot right in the middle of our vision (but not for cephalopods, I guess this guiding hand had a soft spot for calamari), putting the opening of the one tube that can make you drop dead if it gets clogged with food, millimetres from the one that carries food, making plant chlorophyll green, even though chlorophyll absorbs green light extremely poorly, were as it would absorb light an order of magnitude more efficiently, if this guiding hand had simply made chlorophyll black, ectopic pregnancies, cancer, degenerative brain disease. This list doesn't even stratch the surface of "design flaws" most children would be able to spot.
@skyhigh9474 Ever wondered? No, not particularly, since the suggestion that evolution only occurs following a mass extinction is made up by someone who is either strawmaning the theory of evolution, or doesn't know the first thing about it. This "guiding hand" is either woefully incompetent, or wanted imbue it's creations with suffering. Optic nerve attaching to the front of the retina, creating a blind spot right in the middle of our vision (but not for cephalopods, I guess this guiding hand had a soft spot for calamari), putting the opening of the one tube that can make you drop dead if it gets clogged with food, millimetres from the one that carries food, making plant chlorophyll green, even though chlorophyll absorbs green light extremely poorly, were as it would absorb light an order of magnitude more efficiently, if this guiding hand had simply made chlorophyll black, ectopic pregnancies, cancer, degenerative brain disease. This list doesn't even stratch the surface of "design flaws" most children would be able to spot.
@skyhigh9474 Ever wondered? No, not particularly, since the suggestion that evolution only occurs following a mass extinction is made up by someone who is either strawmaning the theory of evolution, or doesn't know the first thing about it.
I was in an area this summer where we had flooding going on. Rising rain = rising water levels, more so (at least where I was) than the type where rivers and streams with their fast waters come flooding into areas. I went on a walk to check out the lake(s) nearby, cause it's a vacation spot and I do so every year. What I found, was that small patches of the grassland around the lake had been flooded and were just two hands deep under clear water. You know what I also saw? Grazing big fish, the length of my hand + underarm. 🌱🐟🐟🐟 They were very very happily - and with a lot of sloshy sounds - chomped away on the fresh grass they could now access. And whatever was crawling over it 🐌. That moment, I thought to myself, that fish leaving the water cause there's tasty stuff there they can't otherwise get, made a great lot of sense.
I'm German. At school, I learned there is no plural for fish in English. And here I am, 47 years old, learning from a much better educated, much younger person that there are occasions to say "fishes". Life's for learning.
Growing up, i had never heard anyone use the term “fishes”, the plural was always “fish”. When we went down to the lake to go fishing, NO ONE would come back talking about how many “fishes” they caught. It wasn’t until i started watching science videos that I’ve heard the word “fishes”. I have had it explained to me once that “fish” can be singular or plural, with “fishes” being employed specifically to encompass multiple groups or classifications of fish. I cannot speak to whether or not that distinction is commonly used. I would round out my reply with: language is what it’s used to be. Definitions and connotations change all the time simply by words being used in new and different ways. Or not being used in ways it previously was employed. So there is never any harm in learning new ways a word can be used.
@Salamander_falls I'm 36, I was told as a child (circa 1996) that "fish" is the plural of one species and "fishes" is the plural of multiple species eg 16 salmon = 16 fish, 8 salmon and 8 cod = 16 fishes
@ I’ve heard that in my later years. I’m never gonna come back from a day on the lake and say “I got 12 perch and 2 trout, so i caught 14 fishes.” Lol, that seems crazy to me. I can see it when speaking of a phylogeny “the varies fishes that make up the ‘shark’ group” or whatever. But i think there’ll always be a separation for me between technical and common speech
@@jora8575 I think I read a paper exploring this and coming to the theory that because there isn't an unfilled niche in their ecosystem they could fill terrestrially, they proooooobably won't survive anthropogenic climate change in time for niches to change and open up for them to do so.
In my opinion they have hit an evolutionary dead end because they are ray-finned fish instead of lobe-fined fish. Their methods of crawling on land are not the same as how tetrapods made it onto land, as they basically crawl around with their fingertips and tail fins, not with legs or hands.
Mummychubs. Breaths oxygen, flops on land to get from one body of water to another, highly tolerable to toxins, can survive in low oxygen water, low temps 5C to 30C. Burrows in mud to 6 inch deep to hibernate over Canadian winters. Mummychubs were the first fish in space.
@1hybodus There quite a few sources stating the Mummychug. Did you have any resources for your claim? www.google.com/search?q=first+fish+in+space&oq=first+fish+in+space&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUqBwgAEAAYgAQyBwgAEAAYgAQyCAgBEAAYFhgeMggIAhAAGBYYHjIICAMQABgWGB4yDQgEEAAYhgMYgAQYigUyDQgFEAAYhgMYgAQYigUyCggGEAAYgAQYogQyCggHEAAYgAQYogQyBwgIECEYjwLSAQg3ODQxajBqN6gCFLACAQ&client=ms-android-samsung-ss&sourceid=chrome-mobile&ie=UTF-8
@@stevenarseneault1972 1hybodus is right by the aforementioned technicality. Mummichogs reached space in 1973. Laika reached space in 1957. Of course, most people wouldn’t consider Laika to be a fish in the first place.
Relatively close to Blue Beach in Nova Scotia is a place called the Joggins Fossil Cliffs. It's situated in a bay where the tides are the highest in the world, which results in erosion in the cliffs to expose fossils.
It should also be noted that the British Isles and North Eastern North America were connected around this time, as part of a subcontinent called Avalonea. This is all very amateur work on my part, so please correct me if I've missed something.
Let me guess, "The Romers Gap"? Jennifer Clack did a good job at trying to fill it in, there is a documentary on her on my early tetrapods playlist I also suggest these books for more: 'At the Waters Edge: Fish With Fingers Whales with Legs' by Carl Zimmer (awesome well rounded intro to the history of early tetrapod/proto cetacean Paleontology and Paleontologists) 'Earth Before The Dinosaurs' by Sebastian Steyer 'Your Inner Fish' by Niel Shubin 'How Vertebrates Left the Water' by Michel Laurin 'Gaining Ground' by Jennifer Clack (THE book on early Tetrapods) 'Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution' by Kenneth Kardong
As someone who wanted to be a paleontologist in kindergarten in the 1980's, this news is super exciting! Unfortunately, as an adult, I am not a paleontologist, but I still am a major paleontology geek! (After I graduated high school, I mistakenly thought I needed to become a college professor to become a paleontologist. I was too shy to teach and so I went into other fields of study.)
Polypterids have been around since the devonian period. Their branching cousin was the first "fish" to become all terrestrial life. Im honestly blown away that no one even researchs the Polypterus family being that they have been traced all the back to nearly 400 million years in the fossil record and are still alive and thriving today.
I was just thinking I don't come across them as often as I used to. All the creationism, intelligent design, "teach both theories" I guess they are busy being "skeptical" about other well-established theories.
Arthropods made their own transition to land. So interesting to see the connections between current sea life like lobsters and land life like arachnids and insects.
Okay, but did we learn more about the breathing part? Did they already use air before leaving the water like modern lungfish or how did that work? And their reproduction, did they have a metamorphic life cycle comparable to modern amphibians or just put their probably still jelly-like eggs in moist but above water environment?
I think the ability to perform that gaseous exchange via specialized swim bladders would have to be present before those groups of sacropterygii went on land, by having adpated to living in shallow waters with low oxygen levels, like in ephemeral creeks. So the land descendants of those groups would already have the ability of breathing air, and still lay jelly-like eggs, up until the moment when amniotes emerged.
A more recent finding shows a population of tetrapods with a distinctly Romer's Gap-like morphology but which lived in seclusion for long enough to meet with early mammals. In fact they eventually took on an exoparasitic relationship with mammals in their region by obtaining sustenance from the mammal's lactation. It has been dubbed the purplenurpeton.
Over the years, I have heard a variety of discussions of this topic. However, I have never heard any discussion of invertebrate migration to land. Presumably, some of the challenges faced by lobe finned fishes (land locomotion and skeletal strength) were not as difficult for crustaceans (or their ancestors) to overcome. I would guess that crab like creatures might have emerged on land before fishes evolved sufficiently to transition. What about worms? What was on the land when the fish got there? Slime molds, surely, but what was the level of biodiversity among other micro fauna on land in 360M BCE?
The Melbourne Museum has a model Pederpes that was known as the Derpy Pederpes. Originally it had almost anime eyes, but they had them repainted. So it's not Derpy anymore 😢
My hypothesis: Since it was an ice age, the sea levels were much lower. Hence all the early amphibious creature's fossils, If they did get preserved, would be all currently under the sea, as they would live on the coastline but the seas then rose up
"Which is why it was so awesome to find Willie's hole right in the middle of Romer's gap." I'm sorry, but the crew over at SciShow knew exactly what they were doing when they wrote this script.
my science teacher told us that you have a .1% of becoming a fossil when you die if you are in the correct environment. And then it will come down how long it will last and if it will be discovered.
Something that annoys me about the people who think evolution is a hoax: if we had made the whole thing up wouldn't we have like... Made the WHOLE thing up? They point to these "missing links" as if it's evidence against it but I absolutely see it as the other way around. I'm skeptical of anyone who thinks they have it all figured out.
The important fossils are necessarily the ones we don’t have yet. Finding a fossil that alters our perception (or confirms it) is no longer the most important fossils we could discover.
I tend to wonder how those Scientists find these strange places like "Willie's Hole", which is somewhere near Nodamnwhere just south of Bumfug. I mean, who was wondering out in the Badlands, dying of thirst, finding some rocks that looked a little bit like a bug and then wandered home and told somebody at the local university about it and exactly how to get there! Could the legends of the wondering Geologists be true?
Or maybe their local environment changed and the ones with the most appropriate traits survived the changes, leaving the prior, perhaps more commonly dominant traits behind in the evolutionary trail.
They probably dug themselves into muck and ambushed exploded and ate things swimming above them. You will see a lot of fish that have appendages that are basically limbs but convergent on the ocean floor that do this. I'd have to say frogfish would probably be your strongest candidate for modern analog, but there are a ton of them. When you're exploding out of muck having limbs instead of Finn suddenly makes sense even if you're not on land😊
Imagine finding a fossilized mudskip and know you can definitely peice together the history of the world lol I like these videos , and I'm sure we learn slot from fossils, but most things have been lost to time and simply didn't leave fossils...
It's hard to take paleontology seriously when they name sites like Willy's Hole and reference concepts like Romer's Gap. So did Willy finally fill Romer's Gap or what?
We also have to realize that evolution doesn’t occur at a steady pace. Sometimes it speeds up and other times it will slow down due to outside influences in the developing species environments. Anything from a single earthquake to an ice age can radically alter an animal’s environment or isolate it from its brethren. Maybe the Devonian was a time where plate tectonics took a long holiday and things just weren’t as fluid.
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After watching the video, the title should be "we CAN find the most important fossils ever".
please drop the midreal ads. I watch less and less of your videos just to avoid them.
Usually I get a little weirded out when people find dead animals in Willie's Hole, but I am so happy that they found these history-changing relics
😂🤣😂
10:23 "finding Willy's hole right in the middle of Rhomer's Gap"
...you guys knew what you were doing
thank you willy
if i had a nickel for every time he says "Willy's Hole" I'd have 5 nickels, that's not a lot but strange it happened more than once.
I don't get it, can someone plz explain
@@stoneytheclownto me as a Brit, Willy is childish slang for male genitalia, and in that context, hole and gap could be innuendo too, making it funny.
Rhomer's itty bitty crevice sounds like it might contain some interesting material too.
Willie's Hole is a very mature and serious place.
And it's very important that we found Willie's hole in Romer's itty bitty crevice.
😂
I just recently learned about the Deep Water Cycle, how the way plate tectonics works with subduction zones where ocean crust sinks beneath continental crust and recycles into the mantle. Some water goes down, too, and after getting broken down into hydrogen free radicals may make its way back up to the surface via a volcanic erruption.
With water cycling through the mantle, it stands to reason that coastal subduction zones have also dumped a lot of fossils into our molten recycle bin.
Animals in transition between land and water would favor the coast.
If that coast was EVER a subduction zone, we're unlikely to find anything cause the oldest rock was melted down before we figured out picks, shovels, or chizels.
Hello fellow Octopus lady enjoyer!
There are Many coasts, not just one.
That could be part of the puzzle! Something like half of coastlines are subduction zones.
This is one of the greatest tragedies of paleontology. There are so many fossils from the depths of the ocean and along tectonic boundaries that we'll simply never find. So many ancient life forms, forever lost to time. It makes each one we do find all the more remarkable.
@@notquitenil Many of them are not lost yet. They have a long way to go down before they are actually destroyed. Many are lying too far down for us to reach (yet) but are still intact.
All because of some damn fish wanting to live on land. I now have to worry about buying a house and taxes.
Or you can live with the spiders
No taxes in Antarctica. Build an igloo, go fishing…😊
At least you don't have to worry about sharks very much
@@nickus9119antarctica is technically forbidden land. No living, only science. Probably leaving nothing behind
@@nickus9119eat fish raw? Theres no wood 🤣
In the same way that the prediction of Neptune is fantastic evidence for the power of mathematics and astronomy, Tiktaalik was also found by predicting where in the strata you would expect to find the transition of fish to tetrapods. Proving just how powerful the theory of evolution really is.
Theory of evolution ha. Ever wonder why there was always an extintion for next step of evolution to kick off..there is cosmic hand in guiding the evolution
@skyhigh9474 Ever wondered? No, not particularly, since the suggestion that evolution only occurs following a mass extinction is a crock of s**t, made up by someone who is either strawmaning the theory of evolution, or doesn't know the first thing about it.
If there is a "guiding hand" involved in the design of life, that hand is attached to a dribbling imbecile of a creator, who left design flaws in it's creations that most children could easily point out are dumb.
Optic nerve attaching to the front of the retina, creating a blind spot right in the middle of our vision (but not for cephalopods, I guess this guiding hand had a soft spot for calamari), putting the opening of the one tube that can make you drop dead if it gets clogged with food, millimetres from the one that carries food, making plant chlorophyll green, even though chlorophyll absorbs green light extremely poorly, were as it would absorb light an order of magnitude more efficiently, if this guiding hand had simply made chlorophyll black, ectopic pregnancies, cancer, degenerative brain disease.
This list only scratches the surface of incredibly stupid "design flaws", however, it illustrates that this "guiding hand" is either woefully incompetent, or is a capricious prick who wanted imbue it's creations with suffering.
@skyhigh9474 Ever wondered? No, not particularly, since the suggestion that evolution only occurs following a mass extinction is made up by someone who is either strawmaning the theory of evolution, or doesn't know the first thing about it.
This "guiding hand" is either woefully incompetent, or is a capricious sociopath who wanted imbue it's creations with suffering.
Optic nerve attaching to the front of the retina, creating a blind spot right in the middle of our vision (but not for cephalopods, I guess this guiding hand had a soft spot for calamari), putting the opening of the one tube that can make you drop dead if it gets clogged with food, millimetres from the one that carries food, making plant chlorophyll green, even though chlorophyll absorbs green light extremely poorly, were as it would absorb light an order of magnitude more efficiently, if this guiding hand had simply made chlorophyll black, ectopic pregnancies, cancer, degenerative brain disease. This list doesn't even stratch the surface of "design flaws" most children would be able to spot.
@skyhigh9474 Ever wondered? No, not particularly, since the suggestion that evolution only occurs following a mass extinction is made up by someone who is either strawmaning the theory of evolution, or doesn't know the first thing about it.
This "guiding hand" is either woefully incompetent, or wanted imbue it's creations with suffering.
Optic nerve attaching to the front of the retina, creating a blind spot right in the middle of our vision (but not for cephalopods, I guess this guiding hand had a soft spot for calamari), putting the opening of the one tube that can make you drop dead if it gets clogged with food, millimetres from the one that carries food, making plant chlorophyll green, even though chlorophyll absorbs green light extremely poorly, were as it would absorb light an order of magnitude more efficiently, if this guiding hand had simply made chlorophyll black, ectopic pregnancies, cancer, degenerative brain disease. This list doesn't even stratch the surface of "design flaws" most children would be able to spot.
@skyhigh9474 Ever wondered? No, not particularly, since the suggestion that evolution only occurs following a mass extinction is made up by someone who is either strawmaning the theory of evolution, or doesn't know the first thing about it.
"Which is why it was so awesome to find Willie's Hole right in the middle of Romer's Gap." I'm sorry. Very sorry. I'm so immature.
You’re not the only one whose mind went into the toilet there. Lmfao!
Is it close to Uranus?
Best be careful talking about gaps, because creationists always want to stick their imaginary friend in it.
i read this coincidentaly right when he said that
@kellydalstok8900 creationist have a lot of problems with sticking things where they don't belong.
Stefan, that's some fine reporting for a fish! Well done!
We're all just silly fish tryna live on land
Fish aren’t real.
And trying to earn a salary. Big trues of the life.
@@North_West1Naw, that's birds
Yeah, and I'm not very good at it.
@Totalinternalreflection Take it easy. We all are just trying.
Land Curious?! that was so telling, wholesome - and funny! 😂
I was in an area this summer where we had flooding going on. Rising rain = rising water levels, more so (at least where I was) than the type where rivers and streams with their fast waters come flooding into areas.
I went on a walk to check out the lake(s) nearby, cause it's a vacation spot and I do so every year. What I found, was that small patches of the grassland around the lake had been flooded and were just two hands deep under clear water.
You know what I also saw? Grazing big fish, the length of my hand + underarm.
🌱🐟🐟🐟
They were very very happily - and with a lot of sloshy sounds - chomped away on the fresh grass they could now access. And whatever was crawling over it 🐌.
That moment, I thought to myself, that fish leaving the water cause there's tasty stuff there they can't otherwise get, made a great lot of sense.
Life has always been get good or die. And also the incomprehensible amount of time life has been around for
Carp, I'd bet.
I'm German. At school, I learned there is no plural for fish in English. And here I am, 47 years old, learning from a much better educated, much younger person that there are occasions to say "fishes". Life's for learning.
I find the word fishes silly. I was taught the word fish was singular and plural. Now it has changes.
Growing up, i had never heard anyone use the term “fishes”, the plural was always “fish”. When we went down to the lake to go fishing, NO ONE would come back talking about how many “fishes” they caught.
It wasn’t until i started watching science videos that I’ve heard the word “fishes”. I have had it explained to me once that “fish” can be singular or plural, with “fishes” being employed specifically to encompass multiple groups or classifications of fish. I cannot speak to whether or not that distinction is commonly used.
I would round out my reply with: language is what it’s used to be. Definitions and connotations change all the time simply by words being used in new and different ways. Or not being used in ways it previously was employed. So there is never any harm in learning new ways a word can be used.
@Salamander_falls I'm 36, I was told as a child (circa 1996) that "fish" is the plural of one species and "fishes" is the plural of multiple species eg 16 salmon = 16 fish, 8 salmon and 8 cod = 16 fishes
@ I’ve heard that in my later years. I’m never gonna come back from a day on the lake and say “I got 12 perch and 2 trout, so i caught 14 fishes.” Lol, that seems crazy to me. I can see it when speaking of a phylogeny “the varies fishes that make up the ‘shark’ group” or whatever. But i think there’ll always be a separation for me between technical and common speech
Fishes = different kinds of fishes
My ass would've stayed in the primordial soup if I knew there was gonna be days like this.
same, brother
mama said there would be days like this
Just your ass? What about your torso?
Mud-walkers/mud-skippers still be a-walking, so the process is repeating over and over
Could result in an alternate lungless tetrapods evolutionary line!
@@jora8575 I think I read a paper exploring this and coming to the theory that because there isn't an unfilled niche in their ecosystem they could fill terrestrially, they proooooobably won't survive anthropogenic climate change in time for niches to change and open up for them to do so.
@@GrimmDelightsDice Clearly, there's only one solution left: the niche of pet
In my opinion they have hit an evolutionary dead end because they are ray-finned fish instead of lobe-fined fish. Their methods of crawling on land are not the same as how tetrapods made it onto land, as they basically crawl around with their fingertips and tail fins, not with legs or hands.
@katyungodly Were you there watching tetrapods coming out? No? Okay, evolutionary expert, thank you for your opinion.
Mummychubs. Breaths oxygen, flops on land to get from one body of water to another, highly tolerable to toxins, can survive in low oxygen water, low temps 5C to 30C. Burrows in mud to 6 inch deep to hibernate over Canadian winters. Mummychubs were the first fish in space.
Phylogenetically speaking, canis familiaris (Laika) was the first fish in space since all tetrapods are lobe-finned fish in the clade sarcopterygii
@1hybodus There quite a few sources stating the Mummychug. Did you have any resources for your claim?
www.google.com/search?q=first+fish+in+space&oq=first+fish+in+space&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUqBwgAEAAYgAQyBwgAEAAYgAQyCAgBEAAYFhgeMggIAhAAGBYYHjIICAMQABgWGB4yDQgEEAAYhgMYgAQYigUyDQgFEAAYhgMYgAQYigUyCggGEAAYgAQYogQyCggHEAAYgAQYogQyBwgIECEYjwLSAQg3ODQxajBqN6gCFLACAQ&client=ms-android-samsung-ss&sourceid=chrome-mobile&ie=UTF-8
@@stevenarseneault1972 1hybodus is right by the aforementioned technicality. Mummichogs reached space in 1973. Laika reached space in 1957. Of course, most people wouldn’t consider Laika to be a fish in the first place.
@@hypanusamericanus9058 I mean, if fish aren't real, can't anything be a fish?
Sorry I couldn't help myself.
@@1hybodus canis lupus familiaris*
Relatively close to Blue Beach in Nova Scotia is a place called the Joggins Fossil Cliffs. It's situated in a bay where the tides are the highest in the world, which results in erosion in the cliffs to expose fossils.
It should also be noted that the British Isles and North Eastern North America were connected around this time, as part of a subcontinent called Avalonea.
This is all very amateur work on my part, so please correct me if I've missed something.
Let me guess, "The Romers Gap"?
Jennifer Clack did a good job at trying to fill it in, there is a documentary on her on my early tetrapods playlist
I also suggest these books for more:
'At the Waters Edge: Fish With Fingers Whales with Legs' by Carl Zimmer (awesome well rounded intro to the history of early tetrapod/proto cetacean Paleontology and Paleontologists)
'Earth Before The Dinosaurs' by Sebastian Steyer
'Your Inner Fish' by Niel Shubin
'How Vertebrates Left the Water' by Michel Laurin
'Gaining Ground' by Jennifer Clack (THE book on early Tetrapods)
'Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution' by Kenneth Kardong
you guessed correctly! 🌟
Take a shot every time he says willys hole 😂
I counted
He says it 5 times. Drink up!
They found Willie's Hole right in the middle of Rover's Gap
Hell no I have to function today, I can't get wasted on science
😂
I love that the early tetrapods have those bug eyes and have derpes in their name. Derpy indeed, scientists.
(in a thick scottish accent)
AHCK- STAY OUHTTA WILLY'S HOLE!
As someone who wanted to be a paleontologist in kindergarten in the 1980's, this news is super exciting! Unfortunately, as an adult, I am not a paleontologist, but I still am a major paleontology geek! (After I graduated high school, I mistakenly thought I needed to become a college professor to become a paleontologist. I was too shy to teach and so I went into other fields of study.)
How to return to fish please
instructions unclear: am still fish; can't breathe water
Ask the whales or dolphins,they know,kinda...
I don't know whats going on with that Trapper Keeper background but I'm digging it.
Polypterids have been around since the devonian period. Their branching cousin was the first "fish" to become all terrestrial life. Im honestly blown away that no one even researchs the Polypterus family being that they have been traced all the back to nearly 400 million years in the fossil record and are still alive and thriving today.
Remember the Far Side cartoon, with the baseball that went up onto land?
The fiercely restrained delight at every opportunity to say "Willie's Hole" was a joy to behold 😂
I commend you for keeping a straight face while talking about something called "Willy's hole" 😅
Willie's hole right in the middle of Romer's Gap... That there is the quality content I watch for...
Willie's Hole helping us fill the Romer gap sounds lime some weird weird innuendo
here before creationists take the title out of context
I was just thinking I don't come across them as often as I used to.
All the creationism, intelligent design, "teach both theories"
I guess they are busy being "skeptical" about other well-established theories.
already quite a few comments like that
They're so dishonest
They're so dishonest
Creationism was mostly politicized in the U.S and Evangelicals got what they wanted with homeschooling.
"the most important fossil ever". Me, a plant biologist
Plants kind of suck at fossilizing, don’t they?
Archaeopteris Archaeopteryx Archaeopteris Archaeopteryx Archaeopteris Archaeopteryx 😂
Archaeopteris Archaeopteryx Archaeopteris Archaeopteryx Archaeopteris Archaeopteryx 😂
Nah, there are a lot of plant fossils, check out Archaeopteris (NOT Archaeopteryx)
@@zlodevil426
Nah, there are a lot of plant fossils, check out Archaeopteris (NOT Archaeopteryx)
9:30 guys... We can't really be calling ANY place Willy's Hole😂
"Land Curious" 😂 Brilliant!
Thanks to these fish I have to go to work every day. Thanks guys.
Well if it hadn't happened, you'd be swimming to work every day now...
Arthropods made their own transition to land. So interesting to see the connections between current sea life like lobsters and land life like arachnids and insects.
Thank you for this video
Plate tectonics, vulcanism, episodic climate changes really suck, huh?
Just for scientists. Without them we may never have been here.
Willis hole is right In the middle of roamers gap? 🤔
Love this video, both subject and storytelling!
I need to see the bloopers for this episode
Really good episode. Many thanks for the information and the presentation 👍
"Their legs were short and paddle-shaped, their heads were large and heavy" sounds like another song for Hank and Ellie Cordova.
Thanks for this video. It’s very informative.
whyd they have to -walk id rather be a silly lil fish 😭
BLUE BEACH MENTION !!! BEEN THERE !!!! ITS AWESOME!!!!!!!
Sacabambasbis, our ancient friend. Through prehistoric seas, you swim and blend.
Okay, but did we learn more about the breathing part? Did they already use air before leaving the water like modern lungfish or how did that work? And their reproduction, did they have a metamorphic life cycle comparable to modern amphibians or just put their probably still jelly-like eggs in moist but above water environment?
I think the ability to perform that gaseous exchange via specialized swim bladders would have to be present before those groups of sacropterygii went on land, by having adpated to living in shallow waters with low oxygen levels, like in ephemeral creeks. So the land descendants of those groups would already have the ability of breathing air, and still lay jelly-like eggs, up until the moment when amniotes emerged.
1:09 THAT'S OOMF
3:37 sounds like a jackpot to me
Hey, just wanted to say hi and you're not alone
To compliment this story may be talk about the Devonian Walking fish fossils found in Canowindra, Australia
Fascinating evolutionary find
I am officially changing my orientation to
“Land-Curious”
I thought I was mature, watching educational videos. Turns out I'm very very very immature.
You're like a "baby calf just born"
I would love to visit Willie's Hole.
This is why paleontologists are so lucky to have found that homotherium cub :)
Caught my goldfish walking around yesterday
10:20 I agree, it is awesome to find Willie's Hole right in the middle of Romer's Gap.
As well it should be.
Some of the gaps could be due to geologic conditions.
A more recent finding shows a population of tetrapods with a distinctly Romer's Gap-like morphology but which lived in seclusion for long enough to meet with early mammals. In fact they eventually took on an exoparasitic relationship with mammals in their region by obtaining sustenance from the mammal's lactation. It has been dubbed the purplenurpeton.
07:12 "An exceptional fossil named Pederpes" me: *unprofessional giggle*
I read this comment right as he was saying it and I also giggled unprofessionally
Blue Beach is a really cool place. I've been there a couple of times now. Only found plant fossils though.
Over the years, I have heard a variety of discussions of this topic. However, I have never heard any discussion of invertebrate migration to land. Presumably, some of the challenges faced by lobe finned fishes (land locomotion and skeletal strength) were not as difficult for crustaceans (or their ancestors) to overcome. I would guess that crab like creatures might have emerged on land before fishes evolved sufficiently to transition. What about worms? What was on the land when the fish got there? Slime molds, surely, but what was the level of biodiversity among other micro fauna on land in 360M BCE?
👍⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐EXCELLENT!! THANK YOU FOR YOUR EXPLANATION. I LOOK FORWARD TO NEW VIDEOS!
The Melbourne Museum has a model Pederpes that was known as the Derpy Pederpes. Originally it had almost anime eyes, but they had them repainted. So it's not Derpy anymore 😢
My hypothesis:
Since it was an ice age, the sea levels were much lower. Hence all the early amphibious creature's fossils, If they did get preserved, would be all currently under the sea, as they would live on the coastline but the seas then rose up
That’s good thinking.
Intermediate species are often the hardest to find due to the shorter transition period .
I love fossil hunting here in NS
Pederpes (for something that looks derpy af)
Willie's hole
Rhomer's Gap
Jfc guys xD
"Which is why it was so awesome to find Willie's hole right in the middle of Romer's gap." I'm sorry, but the crew over at SciShow knew exactly what they were doing when they wrote this script.
I’m a TETRAPOD! 😆
Just learned about devil hole pupfish on tangents, and though OH NO NOT THEM when i saw the title image
Which makes more sense, creation or evolution?
I thought people stuck these fossils on the back of their car?
im glad a derp is in our tree ❤
"they were land-curious at best" LOL
After watching the video, the title should be "we CAN find the most important fossils ever".
Whoever scripted this episode knew exactly what they were doing.
my science teacher told us that you have a .1% of becoming a fossil when you die if you are in the correct environment. And then it will come down how long it will last and if it will be discovered.
1:09 NUH UH!!! PUSH IT BACK IN
Something that annoys me about the people who think evolution is a hoax: if we had made the whole thing up wouldn't we have like... Made the WHOLE thing up? They point to these "missing links" as if it's evidence against it but I absolutely see it as the other way around. I'm skeptical of anyone who thinks they have it all figured out.
The important fossils are necessarily the ones we don’t have yet. Finding a fossil that alters our perception (or confirms it) is no longer the most important fossils we could discover.
I tend to wonder how those Scientists find these strange places like "Willie's Hole", which is somewhere near Nodamnwhere just south of Bumfug. I mean, who was wondering out in the Badlands, dying of thirst, finding some rocks that looked a little bit like a bug and then wandered home and told somebody at the local university about it and exactly how to get there! Could the legends of the wondering Geologists be true?
I think they go and seek out remote areas cause it just makes the most sense to look where noone looked yet
I hardly ever leave my house. I guess I'm "land curious at best."
Or maybe their local environment changed and the ones with the most appropriate traits survived the changes, leaving the prior, perhaps more commonly dominant traits behind in the evolutionary trail.
A large portion of the archeological community is trying to get into Willie's Hole.
You never mentioned Miguasha. It happens to be a world heritage site .
Those damn fish are responsible for life that I currently live in
Invertebrates wouldn't cause that kind of predicament!
1:38 why does this thing have eyes pointed upwards? Is it expecting something up in the air? Did it live at the bottom of the sea?
They live in shallows.
They probably dug themselves into muck and ambushed exploded and ate things swimming above them. You will see a lot of fish that have appendages that are basically limbs but convergent on the ocean floor that do this. I'd have to say frogfish would probably be your strongest candidate for modern analog, but there are a ton of them. When you're exploding out of muck having limbs instead of Finn suddenly makes sense even if you're not on land😊
Paderpes does indeed look derpy
If we were able to go into a time travel machine and travel back to these eras, would we be able to survive? Breathable air, etc…
As far back as the Devonian, maybe. Before then, we'd asphyxiate.
i dated someone who was land-curious once. i had to break it off because they wouldnt stop talking about Willie's Hole.
I don't know exactly how, but I feel like "Willie's Hole" deserves to be in a Make Some Noise prompt
Nova Scotia Mentioned, let's gooooooo
Imagine finding a fossilized mudskip and know you can definitely peice together the history of the world lol
I like these videos , and I'm sure we learn slot from fossils, but most things have been lost to time and simply didn't leave fossils...
Oh man I was quick today
I wasn't and still was 3rd stfu
@@travisburkley23 you weren't 3rd
It's hard to take paleontology seriously when they name sites like Willy's Hole and reference concepts like Romer's Gap. So did Willy finally fill Romer's Gap or what?
because it was the paleontologists who named it, and definitely not the Scots ;)
Aytonerpeton...Mesanerpeton... Montypeton?
We also have to realize that evolution doesn’t occur at a steady pace. Sometimes it speeds up and other times it will slow down due to outside influences in the developing species environments. Anything from a single earthquake to an ice age can radically alter an animal’s environment or isolate it from its brethren. Maybe the Devonian was a time where plate tectonics took a long holiday and things just weren’t as fluid.
i would think the enviroment close to water such as a seashore or lakeshore would be full of microrganisms and invertibrates decomposing said animals