When Hitler's Russians Joined the Czech Resistance in the Prague Uprising
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- Опубліковано 7 лип 2023
- This video is about Russian collaboration in World War II. During Operation Barbarossa the Germans captured millions of Soviet soldiers. Around one million of these Red Army POWs would join the German side in units such as the Russian Liberation Army (ROA) under collaborating general Andrey Vlasov. He would later establish the Russian People's Liberation Committee (KONR). There were other units such as the SS “RONA” (Russian National Liberation Army) led by Bronislav Kaminsky. Most of these Soviet collaborators were Red Army prisoners of war, but also White émigrés. In this episode an overview of Russian collaborators during the Second World War.
History Hustle presents: When Hitler's Russians Joined the Czech Resistance in the Prague Uprising.
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SOURCES
- The Second World War (Antony Beevor).
- Vlasov and the Russian Liberation Movement. Soviet Reality and Emigré (Andreyev Catherine).
- Russia's War (Richard Overy).
- Conclusory Essay: Activists, Jews, The Little Czech Man, and Germans (Robert B. Pynsent).
discovery.ucl.ac.uk/13018/1/13...
- The Last 100 Days (John Toland).
- www.tracesofwar.com/sights/63... (15-04-2023).
IMAGES
Tumbnail photo colorized by Julius Jääskeläinen.
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VIDEO
Video material from:
• Russian Liberation Arm...
Russian Liberation Army | SPRING, WAR
• Květnová revoluce v Pr...
Květnová revoluce v Praze 1945
• PRAGUE UPRISING 1945
PRAGUE UPRISING 1945
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Czechia during WW2:
ua-cam.com/video/T-W2MiYV6_o/v-deo.html
Slovakia during WW2:
ua-cam.com/video/L2vFJDav_AA/v-deo.html
Groetjes uit Zuid-Brazilië, Ivoti, Rio Grande do Sul, Stefan!
Obrigado, tchê! ヽ(͡◕ ͜ʖ ͡◕)ﾉ 🍀 🇧🇷
can you make an episode about Moscow´s official philosopher and famous FASCIST IVAN ILYIN 🇷🇺 🇷🇺 ?
This is rarely taught in the U.S. Fascinating, thank you!
Thanks for your response.
It's true, but the main problem is that this actually a part of American history too. One of the member of RLA or "РОА" in russian, has served to american government and army headquarters in Pentagon, his name Andrew G. Aldan. And he wrote a memories on émigré in the US, you can read this on Michael Schatoff books and newspapers articles.
Great episode! Thank You for highliting the lesser known and tragic events of WW2. History is not clean, is filled with unfairness, deceit and tragedy. As a Czech that grew up under Communism, I was told of these men by my non-party parents, but in early school I was taught that the Red Army liberated all of Czechoslovakia (no mention of USA liberation Plzen and Western CZ).
I love your channel!
Awesome. Many thanks for your response.
America and England had the opportunity to liberate all of Czechoslovakia and all of Eastern Europe from Hitler's troops in 1940-1944, but they decided to wait until the Red Army did the main work.
@@user-vv9sl9ln2e How could they have done that?? Militarily impossible.
@@kimwit1307
It was very possible in military terms. After the entry of the United States into World War II, the Joint Chiefs of Staff began to insistently propose an as soon as possible (in the first half of 1942) an invasion of Europe through the English Channel. In his letter dated March 9, 1942, Roosevelt wrote to Churchill as follows:
“I am becoming more and more interested in opening a new front on the European continent this summer... In terms of transport and supplies, it will be infinitely easier for us to take part in this, since the maximum distance is only about three thousand miles. And although the losses will no doubt be high, they will be compensated by at least the same losses of Germany, as well as the fact that Germany will be forced to divert large forces of all branches of the military from the Russian front."
A month later, General J. Marshall and G. Hopkins arrived in England with the task of obtaining the consent of her leadership to implement one of the two landing plans prepared by the Americans in occupied France - the Operation Roundup plan or the Sledgehammer plan. The first called for a landing no later than April 1943 with 48 divisions, and the second called for the start of active operations in the early autumn of 1942 if either Germany or the USSR were on the verge of defeat in the war.
Joseph Stalin posed the question of a Second Front to Churchill and Roosevelt throughout 1942-1943, and at times it seemed that he would succeed. But these expectations were in vain.
@@user-vv9sl9ln2e Consdering what preparation it took in terms of logisitics, material (special tanks and such) and not to mention aerial supremacy to get to the point where a succesful invasion of France was feasable I find any invasionin France before 1944 unlikely to succeed. Consider how long it took the allies to break out of Normandy when facing only a relatively small portion of the German/SS army that had already been depleted by years of fighting in Russia, North AFrica and Italy as well as an intensive (tactical and strategic) bombing-campaign.
The folowing article sums it up pretty wel IMO:
"What is less well known is that the Normandy invasion was a product of two and half years of often bitter wrangling between the United States and Great Britain. It was an episode that demonstrated the great gulf between the institutional cultures of the U.S. and British armed forces, and the difference in their understanding of how the war should be fought.
Talk of a cross-channel invasion first surfaced just days after the German declaration of war on the United States in December 1941. U.S. and British military planners met in Washington, D.C. later that same month to coordinate their efforts in the European and Pacific theaters. For American generals a landing in northern France, carried out as soon as humanly possible, was the natural way to wage war-what we might call today a “no-brainer.” This was, what military historian Russell Weigley calls “The American Way of War,” and had been since the days of Ulysses S. Grant. After all, this was precisely how Grant won the Civil War: by marshaling overwhelming force and smashing his way toward Richmond. Because the shortest route from London to Berlin ran through northern France, the argument went, a cross-channel invasion was the quickest and surest route to victory. In addition, a landing in northern France would relieve some of the pressure on the beleaguered Soviet Union, as the Red Army at that point was facing some 90 percent of German forces.
The British Imperial General Staff, as well as Prime Minister Winston Churchill, were horrified by this logic. The English Channel was a far cry from northern Virginia, and 1942 was not 1864. As these discussions were going on, the German Luftwaffe controlled the skies over Western Europe, and U-boats were prowling the Atlantic, sinking Allied merchant ships with seeming impunity. To Churchill and his generals the Americans appeared overconfident, even cocky. U.S. troops had never tasted combat, while the British had fought German forces in Norway, Belgium, France, Greece, and North Africa-and in almost every case had lost. Moreover, given the still-incomplete state of American mobilization, any cross-channel invasion would have to be a predominantly British affair. Memories of the Dunkirk evacuation remained fresh in their minds; if the invasion were to go sour, would the Allies be as lucky as they had been then, when the British Expeditionary Force had managed to escape (although without its tanks, artillery, and other heavy weapons)? And if the invasion force did succeed in establishing a beachhead, might the result not just be another stationary front, and a repeat of the bloody stalemates of the Western Front in World War I?
The argument went on through the winter of 1941-42. President Roosevelt was ultimately convinced that there could be no invasion in 1942, and American generals had to settle for landings on the coast of relatively undefended French North Africa. The debate flared up again early in 1943, but this time Churchill persuaded Roosevelt that, with North Africa secured, Sicily and southern Italy were the logical next steps. But the U.S. Army had never given up on the idea of the cross-channel invasion, and the President himself would brook no further delays. At the Tehran Conference in late 1943 Roosevelt and Churchill both committed to an invasion of northern France in spring 1944-to the satisfaction of Stalin, who had been demanding the opening of a “Second Front” in Western Europe since December 1941.
Whether a cross-channel invasion could have been successful in 1943, or even 1942, remains one of the great “what-ifs” of World War II. Fortunately we know that the real D-Day-June 6, 1944-was a complete success."
Or: usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2019/june/d-day-year-too-late
Another great episode Stefan, tragic and confusing at the same time, many thanks once again.
Awesome, many thanks!
Excellent! I really enjoy your presentations Stefan. This was very interesting and informative.
Great to read. Many thanks.
Another excellent video! Love your presentations. Would love to see one in the future on the Yugoslav War. More specifically the siege of Vukovar.
Awesome. This summer I will be going to the Balkans but too bad I will not make it to Vukovar.
My first encounter with the existence of the ‘ Vlasovites ‘, as he referred to them, was whilst reading Solzhenitsyn many years ago,…somewhere within the enormous length of ‘ The Gulag Archipelago ‘ he wrote a short, eery reminiscence of seeing a solitary, captured ROA member being whipped along a road by a Soviet soldier on horseback. I’ve been intrigued with the ‘ Vlasovites ‘ ever since.
Great episode. Life was really complicated during WW2!
Many thanks John.
AWESOME video, puts history into understandable perspective!!
Great to read 👍
A very interesting part of history. Thank you.
👍👍👍
Another wonderful historical coverage and good work I never heard about it at such details about opportunities and switchside attitudes of ROA and HEWIES in Prague. (History Hustle) Channel always shares informative and excellent historical components videos. ..thank you (Sir Stefan) for sharing this remarkable video
great video my friend i hope you do more videos about topic historians forgotten and passed over
Many thanks!
Thanks!
Once again Jesse, thank you so much. I am really glad you like my content.
@@HistoryHustle Good Friend like it? I Love it!!!
You fill the gaps not covered by Hx teachers. Also if you snow ski you’re always welcome to stay here free in the Rockies at the Eagles Nest (my home) ✌️ Brother
another great history lesson. Keep them coming.
Thank you Mike!
Interesting facts Stefan, switching sides, it’s almost similar to survival versus a alliance to your country. I can’t imagine the terror fostered within those people. Thxs for sharing.
Glad you appreciate it and thanks for supporting this channel!
Great content. Děkuji. BZ.
Do you think the uprising would have been possible without their help?
Thanks Instructor..for the eye opening... insight.. into the major..and minor skirmishes.. all over Europe".."that ecompasses .."the dynamics".." of WW2"!!
9:11 I remember my father telling me how Prisoners here in the UK were sent back to Russia. it is despicable but Stalin kept his word and allowed The British to have Greece. Such is the way they played chess.
We sure love your history classes here in the United States, you cover so much that are Master college level books do not even touch on, keep up the good work and keep your unique history lessons coming ❤🎉🎉
Many thanks for your reply!
thanks bro
😀👍
Very interesting 👌
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Hey! Amazing stuff! You're saving me as a WW2 tourguide in Prague! Thank you!
Are you still in Prague?
Thanks for your response. I am in Sarajavo now 🇧🇦
If there’s an intriguing and lesser known story to be found, leave it to History Hustle to find it for us ⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️
👍👍👍
I don't believe the RFSS Heinrich Himmler ever had much confidence in Vlassov on racial grounds.
I don't think the Allies ever really understood the lead up to to War or the aftermath.
Excellent video and very relevant Stefan.. 🙏🇦🇺
Thanks for your response. I wonder what Vlasov would have been thinking when shaking Himmler's hand. He must have been aware of the racial policies of the Nazis regarding him.
@@HistoryHustle I have read some of Himmler's remarks regarding Vlassov in Padfield's "Himmler"
Thanks for the reply Stefan. 🙏🇦🇺
the Allies found a loophole for the 14th SS Galizien. they have could done the same for the Russian liberation army the Cossacks and others
Because Ukrainians from the 14th division were perceived as Polish citizens.
1.Allies didn't found a loophole for Galicia,Vatikan did.
2.Soldiers of Galicia division were Polish citizens.
Mark Felton made a good video on this topic.
The allies found a lot of loopholes for people, including diehard Nazis. The thing was, the found these loopholes for individuals who could help them in some way. The Galician Division could've been used to try and build up an independence movement in Ukraine and Poland, as the Allies knew very well relations with the USSR after the war would be frosty at best. The Russian Liberation Army had no use. Most were Soviet POW's who agreed to join the Germans because they probably would've died in German POW camps.
@@rodafowa1279 allies didn't,Vatikan did.
I read that sometimes the SS accepted foreigners without Hitler knowing of it
It happened yes. There was even a Russian SS named RONA.
After Stalingrad, and especially Bagration, the situation for the Germans was absolutely chaotic, to say the least. Add to that the machinations of Himmler, a desk jockey who wanted to be seen as some fearsome hero. The result was Himmler letting basically anyone into the SS, which was basically his private army toward the end of the war. There still isn't really an accurate number on how many SS divisions there actually were, because they were constantly being added, combined, shutdown, etc. at war's end.
2:00 'He did not want Slavic people in his ranks' True, but cough, cough... Slovakia in September 1939? Great video.
Yes, Slovakia became an ally. Slovaks fought in the USSR on the side of the Axis, yet not in the German army. Thanks for watching.
Very good video an slice of history however will you do a piece on the Slovakia uprising in 1944 a story treachery & betrayal I think it will be a good idea for you to do
Thanks for your response. If I ever travel to the area I will make such a video. Not anytime soon though.
Thank you I look forward to your excellent video
My great-grandfather was first disarmed by Czech militia and POA one day after Germany's surrender and the end of the war on 10 May 1945 and then beaten to death with many other German soldiers near Prague. Slaying Prisoners of War was certainly a crime, but of course the Czechs suffered at the hands of the Germans during the war. Nevertheless, many such unpunished crimes were started by POA and Czechs! War is terrible and never black-and-white! Peace to all peoples!
Thanks for your response.
The criminals were the nazifacists who started the tango. People should ask themselves why there were very few german soldiers massacred in the cities insurrections in the West. Naples, Lanciano, Bologna, Genova liberated themselves but did not slaughter the German occupier because the nazifacists occupation was less ferocious than in the East. The brutality of German occupation was such that reprisals were a natural consequence I have compassion for your grandfather but he was killed by the nazifacists, the Czechs were only the instrument.
@@felixmbandandayitabi4536 Yes, you are right, but every soldier had his own story, which we no longer know today. My great-grandfather lived as an ethnic German in the north of Yugoslavia (Batschka), which was occupied by Hungary in 1941. He first fought for his king for Yugoslavia against Germany. In 1941, my great-grandfather was taken to Honved and did service for Hungary. When Horthy wanted to negotiate a bilateral peace with Russia for Hungary in 1944, the German Waffen-SS occupied Budapest. Now my great-grandfather was conscripted into the German Waffen-SS. So now he was a Nazi fascist and perhaps deserved to die. But unfortunately I can no longer ask him how he felt about changing flags three times. What had been his plans and goals for his life? Actually, he had started to study theology before the war in order to become a priest...
We don't deny that crimes happened during displacement of German speakers from Czechoslovakia now, but you have to understand 2 things - you can't judge it from today point of view, it was right after WWII and we were occupied by Germany for 6+ years, people are just people and did what people are doing after war, Germans would not act better if it was vice versa and second thing is that after 1948, we fell under communist dictatorship and it was totaly banned to speak about such things, so, many people never heard about these events or don't believe to that, this topic is spoken again since 90s, but most of people still don't know anything about that, so you can't hear sorry from Czechs when they don't even know it happened. We still have to discover more about these events, did people attecked just generally all german speakers or they targeted mainly people who they believed they did something bad during protectorate? We don't know, after 40 years of communism, all data are lost and people who could remember that are dead.
"In time the [Russian] people will remember us with warmth" I wonder how accurate this quote is. Why would Russian have fond memories of his army ?
Not really. They are seen as traitors till this day.
@@HistoryHustleне все
Я русский и я считаю их героями
In his memoirs "Russkaya sud'ba" (in russian language) P. Zhadan did mention how Czech people were kind to them giving food and bed. Pavel, a member of NTS, wasn't soviet citizen, so he safely escaped in Thuringia.
Maybe you will make a video about the Sonderverband "Graukopf" (Russische Bataillon z.b.V.) who worked in the Abwehr? Otto Skorzeny is also involved there.
Covered it in my video about Russian Collaboration in WW2.
@@HistoryHustle I would like a separate video
Great job, Steph! Was Vlasov tortured? Without any doubt, which should serve as food for thought for Prigoshin before accepting any off er of amnesty from Putin.
Thanks for watching. Not sure if Vlasov was tortured. I read some sources he was interrogated with hard manners. I think he was.
This is very interesting part of our history and it was banned to speak about that for a long time, but Soviets waited a long time on purpose to let Prague and Warsaw bleed, ROA were maybe on nazi side before, but without them, they would all bleed to death in Prague. And important thing is that ROA were not nazis, they were just against soviets, so they joined their enemies, it was a world war and not everyone knew about what nazis really are and what were they doing, you can't judge it from today point of view when we already know everything.
Thanks for watching.
In the De Gaulle 's memories, exist mention about some Vlassov's soldiers who switch sides with the frenchs, after the normandy's landing, i suppose tha t them won't be repatriated to the ussr
I have seen a photo of Soviet Axis forces POWed in Normandy. Not sure what happened to them.
Really enjoy your stuff. Have subbed sir. Did you know Hitler met a black man from USA in the 30s and had meeting with him in office. On here . Not much info about it. As a teacher you may have touched on subject
All 4 of my grandparents came to the USA from Northern Netherlands. If ypu come to Michigan let me know
I love history.
Thanks for your response.
Reichsfestung Belgrade would be a interesting topic
Hope to cover that this Summer.
Good video on another complex subject. I always feel that Vlasov was a bit on the stupid side, to be honest. Take care.
Thanks for sharing this.
Many Hiwi were trapped in Stalingrad with the 6th Army.
True.
Now I know a great many people who say something like "history repeats" but according to Mark Twain, "history doesn't repeat, but it does echo".
And it's been echoing again, only this time since 2014, when some the relatives and decendants of those same Cossacks, who as you just heard, were mostly from the Don Basin, rose up against their masters in Kiev,and decided to establish the new, independent States of Lukhansk and Donets Republics. That mostly the Cossacks that decided to throw in their lot with Hitler against the Bolsheviks were also from mostly f⁹ n Basin region, so they've been made into the "dangerous gang of rabble rousers, hell bent on achieving their goals, which is a separatist State from Ukraine".
He would have been right then, as now. So, are there any Nazis to collaborate with? No. But there are rather large and nasty, well organised and funded Far Right political Parties, some with there own armed wings like the Azov Battalion, who, in an instant can be brought to bare upon any group of Citizens making "to much noise" for those in power.
1st and last join military op with the roa and us forces never before never again
Thanks for watching.
I like Soviet war cemeteries and their graves. A big pit, a monument without names and 50 bodies without shoes, only in long johns, underwear.
Interesting to see yes.
@@HistoryHustle It's just a waste of human lives. A life stripped of dignity and not worthy of a posthumous uniform.
Vlasov was always likely to turn against the Germans at some point.
Indeed.
They drawed another UNO reverse
UNO?
@@HistoryHustle btw, love your vids, my favorite was the non German Axis volunteers playlist and the ROA video
Adolf Hitler's Family Background: Connections to Bohemia and Czech Origins
Adolf Hitler was indeed not a true German, but he acquired German citizenship later in his life. He was also not truly Austrian, but Alois Hitler, the father of Adolf Hitler, was indeed from the small village of Strones (now Stronice), located in the region of Bohemia, which was then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and is now in the Czech Republic. His first wife, the mother of Adolf Hitler, Klara Pölzl, also had Czech origins. Thus, on his father's side, Adolf Hitler's family had connections to the village of Strones in Bohemia, and on his mother's side, there were Czech origins.
Source?
@@HistoryHustlenever heard from ever again.
7:25 - The Czechs certainly did not arrest ROA soldiers! Watch the videos of retreating ROA units, the Czechs greet and host them. Then the Americans handed them over to the Soviets!
I refer to my sources.
@@HistoryHustle 🤣
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Interesting account. Gen Vlasov was first a victim of Stalin's and Stavka's high-handedness, in that it pushed them into a disastrous battle, and directed them NOT to retreat when faced with encirclement and then when the army under his command was encircled, with depleting stock of food and ammunition, expected them to just die fighting. Pathetic! Another example of the russian state treating their soldiers are expendable fodderl. But then again, the tenacity and the sacrifices which the Russians still made for their motherland to get rid of the Nazis, they won the WW2, inspite of the wretches like Stalin and his crony brutes. It was for that betrayal that Vlasov decided to join the Germans, and yet, there can be no reasoning or justification for such treason, especially when everybody knew how the Germans were treating the Russians, or the Poles and the Czechs etc, the Slavs as a whole, Vlasov and his crew would have to pay with their lives to atone for that grave crime, even if he thought his grudge against the Stalinist regime was justified, in all fairness, IT WAS NOT!
On the other hand, the west has always entertained brutal regimes, so long as it is expedient, I meant they even stood by the apartheid regime of South Africa for the most part.
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Vlasov did not write any appeals, letters, or organize any conferences, it was all done by the propaganda department of the High Command of the German Ground Forces, it was at his disposal that Vlasov was.
Vlasov is an opportunist, a completely immoral type. According to the memoirs of investigators, even when he went to prison in 1945, Vlasov quickly got used to it and did not get very upset.
The fact that General Vlasov went over to the side of the Germans is a very positive phenomenon, his place and those like him in Hitler's army, the Red Army was cleansed.
Интересно будет почитать комментарии под этим видео. Когда я читал комментарии к видео Mark Felton на похожую тему, я видел там много сочувствия к этим тварям («проклятые британцы, они сдали этих прекрасных людей на съедение кровавому Сталину😭😭😭😭»). Хотя кого я осуждаю, когда у нас самих с личного разрешения администрации президента повесили табличку Маннергейму в Петербурге, где он заморил сотни тысяч людей голодом.
Финны почти не участвовали в окружении ленинграда.
@@cobrageneral556 ну если половина осады это «почти», то согласен.
I believe they are regarded as traitors today in Russia.
what do you feel about Moscow´s official philosopher and famous FASCIST IVAN ILYIN 🇷🇺 🇷🇺 ?
@@putinshitmen Putin literally quoted him.
What the hell are you talking about Slavs? Hitler had already sent Slavs in german uniform to East even before capturing Vlasov (Croats, Slovaks, Ukrainians and even Bulgarian battalions participated in operation Barbarossa).
Your point?
@@HistoryHustle my point is you teach history but you have actual holes in your knowledge and using your arrogant type of responding won't really help you even if you think so.
Not true about Bulgarian battalions. There weren't such. A very small group of military MEDICS (not soldiers) was indeed sent to the Germans, but as you can imagine they weren't fighting. As Tsar Boris 3 notoriously told Hitler: If I send Bulgarian army to the Eastern front, they will defect to the Russians together with the military orchestra."SO no, never happened.
The US agreement to turn Vlasov troops over to Stalin was short-sighted given Soviet treachery. The Soviet plan always was to spread Communism as far Westward and Eastward as it could. Remember, they tried to starve West Berlin in 1948, requiring the Berlin Airlift. In the end, winning the Cold War required recruiting many Axis supporters - e.g. Operation Paperclip.
Glory to ROA! Great, brave anti-communists👍🏻 And thanks, Lichtenstein, for not giving the Soviet Union a possibility to annihilate the rest of these fighers 🙏🏻 Lichtenstein saved thousands of them.
I see.
as a Russian, i always felt shame that many of these nazi collaborators died peacefully in their beds. Many of them made it out from gulags in good shape and mental health. Moreover soviet government even allowed them to work and live free. My grandma's cousin collaborated with nazi as hiwi and was captured only in Poland when nazis were on retreat. He was imprisoned only for 5 years, that's nonsence. Gladly, when he returned home to his village, he was ingored by neighbours and once beaten by men who went through the war in the Red Army. As far as i know later he left to Georgia, married there a local woman and that's it.
what do you feel about Moscow´s official philosopher and famous FASCIST IVAN ILYIN 🇷🇺 🇷🇺 ?
Значит, ты пробольшевицкий куколд, если тебе стыдно
First 🇷🇺
🥇👍
Lucid, engaging and informative. Let's hope current combatant factions are reflecting on this. Salva 🇺🇦 People, and all Russ minded to Unconditionally surrender. Kievian Russ and Ukraine coming ing EU together perhaps insurance backed by UN to lowdown on aall any any weapons of mass destruction .
nothing about Nazis and Nazism is simple
In what sense you mean?
can you make an episode about Moscow´s official philosopher and famous FASCIST IVAN ILYIN 🇷🇺 🇷🇺 ?
Not anytime soon.
Operation keelhaul one of the most interesting and least talked about parts of wwii
It sure is interesting!