How Castle Bravo works! World's biggest nuclear bomb ever detonated |
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- Опубліковано 15 бер 2024
- #b3d #nuclear #bomb #military
Castle Bravo was the first in a series of high-yield thermonuclear weapon design tests conducted by the United States at Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands, as part of Operation Castle. Detonated on March 1, 1954, the device remains the most powerful nuclear device ever detonated by the United States and the first lithium-deuteride-fueled thermonuclear weapon tested using the Teller-Ulam design. Castle Bravo's yield was 15 megatons of TNT. 2.5 times the predicted 6 Mt (25 PJ), due to unforeseen additional reactions involving lithium-7, which led to radioactive contamination in the surrounding area.
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Quiet Desperation Part 2
JCar
Written By
Joshua Carter
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Thank you for watching our exploration of the Castle Bravo nuclear test, a defining moment in history. - Наука та технологія
Was it the BIGGEST in physical size for device... yup. But not biggest in yield. That prize goes to tsar bomba at over 50 MT
tsar bomba was planned to be 100 megatons, but the soviets realised that would be stupid and toned it down to 50
Now compare in 2024 with USA having a 1.21 gigaton design
That's over 1000MT btw
That's what quantum mechanics can do
@@Clancydaenlightened Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence... please provide it....
The Soviet Union actually detonated five warheads larger than Castle Bravo, including a 25MT monster delivered by an ICBM.
They did? On what dates?
@@TrevorSachkoTsar Bomba is very well known as the largest nuke ever detonated.
They detonated the Tsar Bomba 58 MT dropped from an airplane
@@TrevorSachko en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1962_Soviet_nuclear_tests
Test 219 was just under 25 MT, detonated over Novaya Zemlya. And there were a handful of shots with yields over 16 MT.
First H-test was Ive Mike, November 1952 with 10.4 MT yield
Mike was a liquid fuelled behemoth of a contraption, Castle Bravo was the first solid fuel test which vaguely resembled a deliverable bomb.
@@keyss78 And allowed the military that was already planning to build liquid type bombs to discontinue that work.
@@keyss78 correct
I like Teller’s math that says a nuclear bomb of more than 100 megatons is functionally useless because substantially all of the incremental power just gets sent out to space
And that's not troublesome?
@@genghisgalahad8465
No? Shooting energy into space isn’t troublesome
he was right in the sense that producing a higher yield is pointless as most of the extra energy is wasted to space so the law of diminishing returns applies as far as a practical weapon is concerned a larger yield won't result in further destruction on the ground so there is no practical purpose making very large warheads.
Not if it’s underwater.
@@jloiben12 It has to pass through the atmosphere, though, right? That would be troublesome to the atmosphere I would think
I really wish people would quit mislabeling the parts of nuclear weapons. The way they're assembled and the individual components aren't a secret anymore.
The Hiroshima bomb was a uranium gun weapon. Plutonium was not used there. The implosion plutonium bomb was used on Nagasaki. There are always so many mistakes in UA-cam content. I’m surprised how poorly people research their subject for their content. Lazy
Totally agree
Thin man used plutonium but they didn’t stick with it
Because it simply doesn’t matter to the layman. Nothing to do with laziness.
or they use that so you comment to argue driving up engagement pushing the video out wider ? shrug
Also castle bravo wasn’t the first thermonuclear weapon. Ivy Mike was the first. Castle bravo was the first lithium deuteride bomb. These creators don’t research squat.
"Pulverized coral radioactive and falling like ash was begin to carry unexpected wind toward unexpected people."
Okay, I've had a couple drinks, but like
what
Several mistakes. castle bravo was neither the biggest nuclear detonation in history (it was the tsar bomba, around 50 mT) nor the first thermonuclear explosion (it was ivi Mike)
From the description: "the device remains the most powerful nuclear device ever detonated by the United States " the largest by the USA, not the largest period. I am not sure that is even correct, though.
Here for the comments about the tsar bomba
and Bikini Asholl
Teller-Ulam used Radiation Implosion to cause compression. The radiation bottle is an outer casing of high-Z material (usually a thin shell of depleted uranium) which in just about 100 nanoseconds is filled with thermal x-rays which heats the cylindrical tamper of the fusion secondary. That tamper is usually also depleted uranium surrounding a hollow cylinder of lithium deuteride. Down the length of the lithium deuteride is a rod of plutonium-239 to act as a spark plug.
The actual mechanism of compression is caused by the surface of the tamper vaporizing...this causes an almost perfectly symmetric compression shock which delivers compressive energy thousands of times greater and dozens of times faster than high explosives could. By the time the compression wave reaches the plutonium sparkplug...the lithium deuteride is in a state of maximum density...as the plutonium fissions, the fast neutrons released begins to fission the lithium into tritium and helium-4 ( in the case of Li-7, and Tritium and helium-3 in the case of Li-6.) The newly formed tritium and deuterium, already heated to tens of millions degrees, fuse almost instantly, releasing a flood of high speed neutrons...the first of these neutrons aid in fissioning the rest of the sparkplug, and forming additional tritium...the fusion burn is essentially complete by the time 1 microsecond has lapsed...the dense cloud of energetic neutrons slams into the also very dense uranium-238 tamper causing much of it to fission as well... boosting the energy yield of the bomb by 100% or so (essentially doubles energy output.) The physics of this process is a fascinating balance involving statistics, optimization, and reaction rates.
@@TyMoore95503 I'd love to see an ultra highspeed video of this reaction. Much easier to visualize these reactions.
They should have known about lithium 6 and 7's cross-sections
( ability to fuse)
Proof that Hindsight is a 20/20 deal
That also is a very popular error that I have tried to correct and have been lambasted for it. The catastrophic fallout had very little to do with the solid lithium-deuteride fuel. Lithium-deuteride simply does not have a complex-enough atomic construction to cause fallout like that.
What caused the unexpected high yield and the fallout was the *uranium* tampering shell they constructed around the fusion fuel. The fusion reaction of the Li-D core was more efficient and more powerful than the liquified deuterium used in Ivy-Mike, yes; it managed to cause an even more efficient fission reaction in the uranium shell. Natural uranium cannot undergo fission by conventional-explosive means. However, when you apply the atomic fusion of lithium-deuteride (or even liquid deuterium, as with Ivy Mike), that *IS* enough to cause natural uranium to undergo fission. With as much uranium as they used just to construct the shells of those bombs, it really is no surprise in retrospect that nuclear fission could give off multiple megatons of explosive energy. Now, it's not like this was actually an unknown random factor; the yield of Ivy Mike was also for the most part caused by thermonuclear-boosted *fission:* 73% of that test's yield came from fission of the uranium components used in that bomb. The Castle-Bravo yield was similar: 67% of that yield came from *fission.* Somebody knew this would happen, yet still insisted on carrying on with the use of uranium as tampering material. As a consequence, these weapons were not actually "hydrogen bombs"; they were boosted-fission bombs, like Greenhouse-George or Greenhouse-Item, on steroids.
Had they used something more docile to build the tampers, like lead, the Castle-Bravo test and the other Castle tests would have been right on point with the outside estimates of yield. It was the uranium components, not the Li-D components, that made the Bravo test into a runaway nuclear disaster. As a hard lesson learned from that operation, the DoD was then essentially forced to make weapon designs that were more-accurately labeled "hydrogen bombs," designing them with lead tampers instead of uranium. There were a few designs that were deliberately meant to poison (or "salt") regions of land, yes, but that is another topic for another discussion.
@@aloysiusbelisarius9992 now that you mention lead tampers, I have read that tsar bomb initially was meant to yeld 100 megatons through the use of an uranium tamper, but in order to give the airplane barely enough time to escape they nerfed the bomb down to a half: 50 mt by switching to a lead tamper instead.
@@JustRememberWhoYoureWorkingFor Yes...but there was more to it than just the weight and giving the plane escape time. A 50-megaton *fission* explosion would have rendered northern Europe and over half of Russia uninhabitable. I'm not sure how much Khrushchev grumbled over having to accept the modification, but the oligarchy did acknowledge and accept the change. After all, it was still a very big bang.
Lithium-7 was assumed to be inert, and only the Lithim-6 would contribute to the bomb's energy budget. This is fundamentally the case, but on the scale of a thermonuclear bomb, the energy flux occurs in millionths of a second. This caused the Lithium-7 to breakdown into Helium (Tritium) which also fused.
Nope. It isn't the heat and pressure of the plasma from the styrofoam that compresses the secondary. it is radiation from the primary that ablates the outside of the cylinder, causing (Newton) the cylinder to implode.
Correct, radiation implosion (or better radiation-induced ablation), first developed by Klaus Fuchs (the Russian spy) and John von Neumann, is used, using Uranium as an x-ray "reflector". The plasma created by the foam just makes sure that x-rays can actually freely travel from the primary to the reflector and to the secondary.
Fun story, the US bomb program actually forgot how to make the foam and had to reinvent it for refurbishment of old warheads.
The central plutonium rod ("spark plug") is compressed by the lithium deuteride, which is being driven inward by uranium (or lead) cylinder, until the plutonium rod begins to fission.
The lithium deuteride being compressed from the outside in and the inside out, in an extremely hot, neutron-rich environment, finally achieves a state in which the deuterium begins to fuse. Soon, there is deuterium, tritium, Li-6 and Li-7, all at extremely high temperatures, and all hell breaks loose.
Tsar Bomba was the biggest: 50-58 MT
What about Tsar bomb
it was less powerfull because the Tsar Bomb fireball was 4.5 miles in diameter only but the Castle Bravo was 5 miles :)))))
Some Facts, Ivy Mike was the first full-scale test of a hydrogen bomb, It took place on the island of Elugelab in Enewetak Atoll on November 01 1952, this was the Teller-Ulam design, a staged fusion device, the Yield was 10.4 megatons, THX for posting. 🇺🇸
"Castle Bravo" was very impressive test indeed but it was not the first H-Bomb! The first was "Ivy Mike"! And "Castle Bravo" crater was not 200m. wide. It was 2000m. wide.
Well that was complete word salad....
Biggest nuclear bomb ever detonated is the Tsar Bomba. NOT Castle Bravo
In 🇺🇸
Ok. I have access to wire and to polystyrene foam. About 1/3 of the way there?
Yep. Now to score some plutonium and depleted uranium. Try Harbor Freight. 🎉
😎
Correction: the pprimary bomb was like the one detonated at Trinity and Nagasaki. Hiroshima was a uranium type canon bomb
Czar bomba is the biggest by a fucking 100 miles.
Ivy Mike was the first Thermonuclear device detonated using liquid hydrogen. It wasn't a deliverable weapon at the time. Castle Bravo was the first deliverable device using Deuterium and lithium.
Tsar Bomba wad the biggest thermo nuclear bomb of mankind ever detonated. It is around 50MT.
This is back when nukes were fun.
3:43 "This produces more fusion ... ." -What do you mean "more"? You didn't mention any *initial* fusion. Instead, you mentioned fission several times. Now my nuke is useless.
Err, Castle Bravo wasn't the first thermonuclear weapon detonated by the US. Ivy Mike was the first. As others have already pointed out
The “huge explosion” is just a result of the heat output of the combined reactions in air. If you teleported a teaspoon of the suns core into a small bunker on a remote island, you would get the exact same result.
Of course it had to be a Japanese boat that gets hit by radiation
Survived the first two. Killed by a test.
Castle Bravo's fallout hit a Japanese fishing boat and contaminated the ocean, that's why they create the Godzilla to warn about the danger of nuclear weapon.
Please correct the detail of this video.
You should have also mentioned how fast the reaction occured like you did with your tsar bomb video.
This is NOT how it (a Teller-Ulam H-bomb) works. I don't remember exactly where I learned how it works but I think it is still classified so I no longer repeat it.
Thank you for the clip, it's so fantastic!
Russia tested a 50 megaton bomb which was far bigger than Castle Bravo.
as wicked as the fusion bomb is, the mechanism is genius
Yep .. enjoyed that video, given me something to think about while I’m trying to get to sleep!😳
Castle Bravo was not the first Hydrogen bomb. Ivy Mike was
Makes me want to read The Sum of all Fears again
You know things got out hand when we had a bomb that used an atomic bomb as a detonator.
The Soviets tested several bombs larger than this one
In theory, there is no limit to the maximum yield of a fusion bomb. But the limits are practical and a more powerful bomb is heavier. Average yields have actually decreased since the 1960's because contrary to popular belief, the primary purpose of nuclear weapons is not to kill cities. Its to kill military targets, city destruction is secondary. Missiles are more accurate now so bomb yields can be smaller due to the margin of error in hitting "the bullseye". Smaller, lighter missiles shooting lighter but more accurately placed warheads is better than the monstrously large ICBMs of the 1960's with multi-megaton warheads used to hit a military base or enemy ICBM site.
Hey, the Godzilla snack😊
Nicely animated!
1:03 sounds like this is the story on how to overcook your fish!
I love these videos!
Ivy Mike was the first Thermonuclear test
Exactly what I said
@@iitzfizz I didn’t read the comments first my bad
love the npcs t-poses
I am more interested if you can explain how the diagnostic pipes worked in terms of the type of diagnostics they were performing. What test perimeters were they recording, and how was it proposed that this data would be captured?
Upload the world's tallest skyscraper in the the Burj Khalifa in the United Arab Emirates
The US B41 warhead was 25MT, but we have no public record of test detonations.
The Tzar Bomb was intended to be a super heavy ICBM warhead: the missile that would have carried it was the UR-500, which became the space launch vehicle known as Proton.
Wasn’t the Tzar bomb physically bigger?? I know the yield was 55 MT far more
And the main cars was the scientists. They didn’t realize the lithium atoms ⚛️ was going to change its structure during the explosion they thought it was going to cause a negative effect, but in fact, it caused a positive effect
The Primary portion of Castle Bravo was like the Fatman Bomb droped on Nagasaki. A Plutonium Implosion weapon. Little Boy used a Gun Barrel design and HEU for its fuel.
Let me cut this short... Most of my bad students deliver presentations with less errors......
World's biggest nuclear bomb ever detonated. Tsar Bomba enters the conversation...
*_love it...great video_***..hope more soon.*
Erm, people. The largest ever detonated is the Tzar Bomba. Youre welcome.
Very well done video. Liked and subbed
3rd from earth 😊😂😂
😅
The Tsar Bomba was the biggest ever exploded thermonuclear bomb at 50 Mt!!
Some inconsistencies but, the most important was not mentioned: it was supposed to have an yeld of 6MT. Why was it 15MT?
Is it TRUE those islands to this day are still radioactive?
Hard to Believe ..... that my styrofoam cup had that much P O W E R !!!! /s
Should have put in why the device was so miscalculated by not understanding the lithium 7 interactions at high mev levels.
And as other pointed out Bravo was around 6 or 7 on largest detonations.
If we live on a curved earth how did they see the fireball 250 miles away?
Ivy Mike was the first thermonuclear test
They made another video if the Tsar bomba.
It has the same head line…
uranium atom does not decay into two uranium atoms, yet the animation is picturing just that. Fix it.
Tsar bomb was 58 megatons and it was supposed to be 100 megatons but they scaled it back to be safe.
"In theory, the bomb would have had a yield in excess of 100 Mt (418 PJ) if it had included the uranium-238[16] tamper which featured in the design but was omitted in the test to reduce radioactive fallout.[16] As only one bomb was built to completion, that capability has never been demonstrated." It wasn't so much that they scaled it back, they just did not include the uranium-238. The actual, accepted output was 50MT.
Not a word about why the yield was so high? I know the answer, but saying it was higher than expected should have been followed by the reason why.
Humanity at its best!
Not even close to the largest nuke. The czar Bomba was more than 3 times bigger
Pls do animation videos about ramjets and scarmjets with working principle
Now imagine that same amount of energy being created to empower a Nation with an energy source so abundant it would eradicate the need for certain sectors of Public Utility.
I'm thinking of the movie Chain Reaction (Keanu Reeves). Hydrogen power, clean/free energy, except there was an 'agency' who had to keep that under wraps, because if you dump that onto the world markets, economies would crash and from there we'd all be in a world of shit.
The tsar bomba had 2 sizes 50mt and 100mt the user used the 50 mt bomb
I thought the first USA thermonuclear bomb was Ivy Mike
They’re gonna need a bigger earth!
IVY MIKE!!!! PLEASE!
Ignition sequence of the fusion stage is not correctly explained.
World's biggest nuclear bomb? where is dislike buttom?
This is a Small Device compared to most Thermo Nuclear Bombs .
Always wonder how those elements on bomb stay together long time enough to create huge explosion, I would imagine that forces would destroy casing and send unexploded fissile material sky high.
primary was was a fission bomb similar to the device detonated above Nagasaki
It looks a lot like the czarbomba diagram !
4:11 you can go on Google maps and see this crater to this day, also many fans of SpongeBob believe this is where Bikini Bottom is located and that the nuclear radiation is what caused them to become humanord like.
So much missing or glossed over. Why was this blast twice as powerful as planned? How does the actual fusion reaction work (which ties to the first question.) There's much more to how the interstage energy transfer triggers the secondary (direct x-ray compression and tamper ablation recoil.) Could have been much better.
Why are they waiting to destroy the entire earth, just get it over with.
What about the Tsar Bomba which was 57 mega tons
so a hydrogen bomb mimics how the sun works, so fusion is much more powerful than fission
There is very, VERY little in this video that's acurate
How big it is as compared to tsar bomba?
Tsar was almost 3 times as powerful.
@@jesperwall839 its crazy to know that 50MT tsar bomba was the cleanest version of the bomb. Now imagine the 100MT
Physically the two devices were similar in physical size.
@@sammyroldan5773 Way more destruction with a cluster of much smaller mirvs.
Wasnt the first thermonuclear device or the biggest. Firsr was ivy mike. Biggeat was tsar.
3:20 amazing styrofoam can bc such an imperative component to a thermonuclear bomb. how did they even figure this out? who thinks to do these things to see what happens?
Castle bravo is the biggest nuke bomb detonated ever?but what about the Tsar bombs?which is released the highest yield of 58 mega tons.the Tsar bomba is the biggest and highest in all,size and yield.Not the castle bravo.
Big in size or in explosion???
amazing video
Humans are the best species in advanced technology which can be beneficial to humans ingenuity or to destroy the very essence of humanity
World's biggest nuclear bomb ever detonated ??? AHAAHAAAAHAAAAAAAA...
How do humans figure this stuff out????
Why do they have the people as a size comparison have there arms out? it looks kinda ridiculous, it would look much better and normal if they just stood without doing that or is it just me?
It's a man thing they love to exaggerate. Example their height and length. 😏