DNA Evidence That Humans & Chimps Share A Common Ancestor: Endogenous Retroviruses
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- Опубліковано 17 тра 2024
- I now have a series of videos doing a deep dive into ERVs on the "Stated Casually" channel. Check it out here: • Did God put Endogenous...
Here we explore the amazing discovery of Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) in our own DNA. These are genetic remnants of antient virus infections suffered by our ancestors. It turns out that many of our Endogenous Retroviruses are shared by chimpanzees. This is because we share a common ancestor with them.
For links to each paper shown in this video, and to check the math discussed in this animation, see our article here: docs.google.com/document/d/1g...
Here is the video interview with Francis Collins: • Francis Collins answer...
Here is a link to a great FAQ about endogenous retroviruses and what they tell us about evolution: barryhisblog.blogspot.com/p/e...
#genetics #evolution #biology #retrovirus #EndogenousRetrovirus
For all paper sources and an overview of the math, see this link here: docs.google.com/document/d/1gZWCMW7ZWhdlLPVJU4nDWkmyQbUqZG3wsS0FD2sKmn0/
Super! Thank you!
didn't scientists work out that the Mitochrondria was an ERV? or am I misremembering...
@@awesomegamer31
More of an endosymbiotic prokaryote. It might have an ERV in it, I don't know.
{:-:-:}
If vanishingly small probablilities don't work for Creationism, should they be used for real science?
Hmm...
{:-:-:}
@@ansfridaeyowulfsdottir8095, if two people draw exactly the same sequence of cards, for 200,000 cards, and claim that it was a coincidence, would you believe them?
Hey family : )
Hey Steve :)
Hello fellow ape
Tysm for sharing this vid.
Fellow apes and primates
I knew it was unlikely that us and Chimps were not evolutionarily related but that unlikely? Damn. Have a wonderful day my fellow apes.
Apes also can’t make vitamin C because of a common mutation we both share at the exact location on one of our chromosomes. It’s pretty much impossible for this exact mutation to match. The reason why this negative mutation survived was for the fact that our ancestors ate mostly fruit so the ability to make it without ingesting it wasn’t Detrimental. Most people have no idea that other mammals can make vitamin C without actually ingesting it.
I hate the fact we can't make some vitamins. Why our mutated ancestor didn't die :( they passed us something really bad. I mean if you are mutated, just let the reproduction bussiness to healthy ones
@@vesuvandoppelganger Hahaha give up. There is no reason, these are endogenous retrovirus these are just dead virus gene that mutated over time. Move on it's the 21st century
@@vesuvandoppelganger Inspite of the evidence you just choose to deny it.
@@vesuvandoppelganger thanks for showing off your willful rejection of the truth.
Fascinating.
The fact that there are so many people that watched this video not to learn from it but to disprove it with such nonsense claims is actually frightening
How do we know it's 1 in 10 million (wasn't explained). And if we know that for certain viruses, how do we know it also applies to those 205 ones?
@@all2jesus How we know the moon isn't made of green cheese? Nobody's been there. Nobody's even tried to go there.. Granted, maybe the cheese isn't actually green. But it IS cheese and scientists are LYING when they say it isn't!
@@all2jesushe provides a link to the math both in the video and in the pinned comment
@@all2jesus Because there are 10 million insertion spots ? So one matching will have chance of 1 in 10 mil
What r u frightened of?
I’ve always been a firm believer in evolution, but this has truly made my jaw drop. Especially hearing the probabilities, it truly seems undeniable. Fantastic work!
I am so glad my friend suggested this video. I finally understood the concepts. This was very clear. Thanks.
you could say it was *puts on sunglasses* STATED CLEARLY
The nazis used apes and chimps to actually have sex with jew women in the past and attempted to crossbreed because evolutionist and darwin said its possible because they are like species. turns out they were unsuccessful becasue we are not the same species or kind or even created similar. so they tried insemination on blacks and other people types... but there was no success. even on a cellular level its not likely to make supersoldiers and half chimp half human species. it cant be done because we werent evolved from the same material.
Yet u didnt understand that this is all baloney
Can we get an Arabic version of this video that would be added to the 'Stated clearly in Arabic' playlist? This was great!
a turkish too
no
PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE!!!
Oh trust me after seeing pictures of my mother's side of the family, I have no doubt that I have chimpanzees on the family.
Especially when people grow old and wrinkly, they resemble chimps more.
OOK! :-)
LMAO
The middle east, asia and europe descended from the first humans. The rest probably came from apes.
@@raventaylor1757 perhaps the rest are just a different ape specie
Thanks for including the credits, I'd like to extend my thanks to the illustrator and animator for this video - really high quality work. Would also like to thank the script writer and the voice over guy.
Haha, thanks.
I hope that you do similar videos about all methods to reveal family relationships using the DNA evidence. This was absolutely the best educational video about markers caused by Endogenous Retroviruses and I'd love to see other videos with similar quality for other methods, too.
For those using religion as an excuse to deny common ancestry I would say God Himself introduced these clues in our DNA so as to give us a peek into our ancestry
This channel is unbelievably clear and educational.
It's all stated very clearly
@@Sikosm Indeed.
The only thing clear about this channel is that there are human idiots who believe this nonsense 🤣
@@raventaylor1757 as opposed to chimpanzee idiots, the human idiot’s closest living relative.
@@raventaylor1757 Have you checked the genetic evidence, or is it what your idiot ayatolah tells you?
And where do you find the hubris to prescribe to the Creator how to go about arranging the Creation?
I have been watching Evolution debates for years. I have never seen the DNA evidence presented so clearly. thank you👍
@Hisham Malik explain
@Hisham Malik Who is lying, and about what exactly?
@Hisham Malik any facts, to back that up?
@Hisham Malik lol. I'll pass
@Hisham Malik you’ve been brainwashed since a young age. Please research unbiased sources. Preferably sources that don’t threaten you with going to hell if you don’t believe them.
This comment section makes me feel so smart: idiots talking about Jesus, the Bible, martians, fishes, sex with apes, HIV, sex with yo mama, Asians descending from dogs and Jews from cats... I'm having the time of my life reading comments from 5th grade dropouts, LOL. Great video man, keep it up.
That's what home schooling do to people.
wait until you find out there are people that have no definition for the word "woman"
It makes me feel both smart and stupid. I would consider myself decently knowledgeable on evolution and I laugh at the people who deney it, but there are others writing full on scientific papers in the comments.
@AgroAcro The researchers DON'T have the genetic sequences of retroviruses from 6 million years ago, so how do they claim that they found their genetic signatures in the ~3 billion base pairs of humans and chimps?? Didn't the retroviruses EVOLVE or mutate after 6+ millions of years? The fact that the researchers claim to have found MODERN retrovirus genetic codes in 200+ locations in chimps & human DNA is sus...🤔🤔 They claim this was from events that supposedly happened 6+ million years ago.... meanwhile apes and humans evolved and their DNA mutated much much slower (@ once per ~20 years - see Haldane's dilemma), yet the retrovirus multiplies exponentially on orders of magnitude faster...?? 🤔🤔🤔
There are so many evidences of evolution that I can't even imagine how one can be a creationist
That's just the icing on the bullshit-cake, we also have flat-earthers and believe it or not no-spacers (who deny that the interplanetary and interstellar space exists). And then you wonder why have no flying cars or a post-scarcity society yet? 21th century, and yet we have people that even more educated Romans from BCE 300 would scoff at!
much evidence*
@@NoobsDeSroobs yes, right. I was thinking about which is correct and did a mistake :(
Religious indoctrination of children right from birth should do the trick. When we're little, that's when we're the most moldable/receptive to the world around us; this is evolutions way of making sure that we get acclimated to the environment for survival purposes.
During these times we're ment to learn the framework needed to survive in the world from our parents; hence why we can learn languages, math, complex problem solving skills... skills which goes onto act as a backbone to provide a framework of understanding for our futures.
Religious indoctrination/upbringing hijacks this primary function since the parents "teach" the kids creation magic is what they should believe, (children knowing no better accepts this way of "thinking"), so a lot of them end up having inner conflicts when they encounter evidence that challenge their beliefs hence ✨cognitive dissonance✨
@@MagicSecretsandMysteries and unfortunately it is really hard to overcome this cognitive dissonance, since you have to admit to yourself that you were wrong all this time.
Colt, thank you!! this was so beautifully & expertly produced 😊 (also thanks for the awesome links!)
StatedClearly deserves most of the credit. I was mostly a catalyst.
I’m speechless by how well this review is done, and I was even kind of moved by the facts and this great work.
@@evanroderick91 yeah, well.. you kind of need to be a geneticist, you know? Personal beliefs don't really cut it when it comes to science and reality.
All data and evidence from genetics indicates all life is related. If you think this is not a fact, then you need to publish your work in a relevant science journal. Like I said, opinions don't count.
@@travisbicklepopsicle 👍
@@evanroderick91 and you think otherwise because there are plenty of evidence into this subject like dude.... even if you don't believe in it trust the process of how far scientist came in figuring out this mystery.
@@travisbicklepopsicle "yeah, well.. you kind of need to be a geneticist, you know? Personal beliefs don't really cut it when it comes to science and reality.
All data and evidence from genetics indicates all life is related. If you think this is not a fact, then you need to publish your work in a relevant science journal. Like I said, opinions don't count." Nothing but your opinion.
"All data and evidence from genetics indicates all life is related" Could be the result of a common designer.
@@user-ii6xm2we7l science is stupid? That's what you think, right?
..Wondering what you're doing on the internet and living in modern society.
Thank you, this was so simple and clearly presented with beautiful graphics!
Why did i think he was going to say “we. are. monkey.” At the end xD
Because you also just saw Godzilla vs. Kong? And 'monkey' is such a cool and cute word? ^_^
lol
I thought he was gonna say " we. are. related."
Really? I was thinking the same thing!
U mean MONKE
This is indeed true
if we lost every fossil, lost documentation for every observed case of speciation, and ignored all the structural homologies between species, ERVs alone would still prove evolution beyond any shadow of a doubt
How?.. please explain
@@elliot7205 Watch the video.
@Elliot These scars that are shared in both human and chimp DNA cannot possibly have come to be if we did not share a common ancestor. It's conclusive evidence in and of itself
nope urstupid
Oh oh oh wonderful job. You GOTTA COVER the chromosome linkage, That evidence was less complicated for my creationist mind at the time to grasp, and oh my Darwin the sensation of the epiphany that I had received was literally life-changing.
Great video. Keep up the good work that you guys are doing !
I am really glad I saw this. This video is very informative and gave me information that I didn’t know about. Great video. 👍
I Think So Too 🤗
Man, I love this video.
Very difficult to understand from the texts but the animation makes it easy to understand.
This is just awesome! Very simple and elegant explanation.
This is epic 💗
Shannon!
I adore the science in this video and also the Jim Carey reference.
Absolutely everybody needs to see this video. Amazing stuff.
Love your channel, I've learned a lot from it
Your best video in my opinion! Thank you for the great content, and keep it up.
This was glorious, might seem redundant to do more in this series but I'd love it.
Pretty cool, loved the video! Came over from Professor Dave
Australian here. I find it interesting that evolution needs to be debated in the US. It's not an issue here nor in educated countries (of course the US is highly educated too and this is what cteates the paradox).
Fantastic work. I am sharing you channel with my family, who need to see it badly. Thanks for being here.
Excellent updated info. Thank you for sharing
I've always said ERVs are a slam dunk for common descent, but never saw it presented so well. Thanks!
@Men Can't Change Their Gender First you need an education. Do you know what they are?
@Men Can't Change Their Gender What a load of garbage. The clue is in the name 'Endogenous'.
-> "How does ERVs get you a grandeous narrative of a billion years of evolution?"
And YOU have the gall to spew and you don't even understand. I will put you our of your miserly and spell it out for you, but it's fun watching you spin. Hint: They comprise ~ 5% of human genome. Dude you are clueless.
@Men Can't Change Their Gender -> "modified what is known as the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology. "
Ya, you are one fucked up person. You will do nothing in life.
@Men Can't Change Their Gender You're not fit to clean my jock strap boy. Retired at 56, my own company.
Figured out what an ERV is yet or is stupid a thing you aspire too?
@Men Can't Change Their Gender Billions? The human ape split was about 5 to 7 million years ago, so no one is talking billions right here. Most vertebrates do appear to have suffered from endogenous retroviruses and those first appeared around 450 million years ago. It's quite likely viruses have been around for billions of years based on what we know.
*SOME PEOPLE STILL ASK, "WHY ARE THERE STILL APES (OR MONKEYS)?"*
It should be obvious that such people lack an understanding of what evolution is and how it works. Apparently someone told such people that humans evolved from apes, and from that, due to their lack of education, they assumed that all apes were supposed to evolve into humans. That is not how evolution works, but creationists have no interest in learning anything other than creation mythology.
They might just as well have asked "If dogs are descended from wolves, why are there still wolves?" Or even "If Americans came from Europe, why are there still Europeans?" Just as dogs descended from a population of wolves, so too did humans evolve from one particular population of apes.
What we know is that the first apes evolved in Africa about 25 million years ago from a population of Old World Monkeys. Whereas monkeys run on all four feet across the TOPS of branches, apes evolved the ability to swing, arm over arm, from branch to branch. Evolution works to make each species best suited to their environment. For apes, that environment was the forest and they are well suited for it. At one time there were about 30 different species of apes in those forests.
Had environmental conditions remained the same, we would still see forests covering the whole African continent. However, conditions did not stay the same; the climate became drier. As a result, forested areas shrank in size and were replaced by grasslands, the African savanna, with just a few scattered trees. The shrinking forests put different ape species in competition with each other and many went extinct.
Then, about 6 or 7 million years ago, one population of apes split, with some of them opting for life on that open savanna. All apes are capable of walking upright, they are just not comfortable doing so for long periods of time. Recent experiments with trained chimps on a treadmill have shown that for them, walking upright was more efficient in terms of energy expended than quadrupedal walking. Chimps and other apes though must shift their weight from side to side while walking bipedaly.
That savanna environment favored skeletal changes that placed the knees directly under the center of gravity. by about 4 mya, our ancestral australopithecines had almost the same pelvis, femur, knees and feet as modern humans. That gave them a smooth stride that was efficient for long distance travel. They did however, retain long arms and curved fingers enabling them to climb a tree when danger threatened.
The apes that remained in a forest environment were under little pressure to change. They became the ancestors of today's chimps and bonobos. Those living in the open were presented challenges not experienced by woodland apes, and that required greater intelligence and cooperation to overcome them. It set their descendants on a different evolutionary trajectory that culminated in us.
This really is a beautiful video. I had to come watch and comment again. So well done.
I love this channel! Im not experienced in the topic but this fascinates me.
The "We...are...family" outro after explaining the evidence was incredibly powerful and moving. Amazing presentation!
Very well explained, think i get it now.
This video should be in every classroom, 12 mins and boom, argument over. Feel like i've just took, and understood, a biology course.
Thank you.
This is mind blowing. Thank you for this video!
Bloody excellent work !
Great job!! Love to see this live.
Wonderful presentation
Excellent work!
Great explanation!
Wonderful work.
That was a very informative video as always, thank you very much preparing it. Can i ask how do we know which part of our DNA comes from retroviruses?
An ERV sequence will have the main retroviral genes gag, pol, and env (sometimes gag, pro, pol, and env). These will be flanked by an LTR (Long Terminal Repeat) at each end.
Wonderful video, as always!
Great video!!
Dude, your videos are amazing! Concepts that take a lot of professors so long to explain are so clearly explained here in such short time.
Very informative video thank you
Awesome content, thank you 👌🔥
This is a fantastic educational vid. Thanks
I love how some people will try to debunk this by saying “if we’re related to apes, why can’t we reproduce with them??” Like, they don’t understand that just because chimps and orangutans are in the same family apes that means they can interbreed. Just because certain species of animals are related doesn’t mean they can interbreed. By this logic a king and a rattlesnake aren’t related because they can’t interbreed.
The humans that were different species we could've but they're gone now
@@justprimo2 when I found this out I was really sad
They're more closely related to each other when compared to a lizard but compared to a mammal, the lizard is more closely related to the snakes than to the mammal. Its all about perspectives...
@@justprimo2You mean Neanderthal humans
Or even earlier human species?
@@YourBestNeighbor7Yet, snakes eat lizards
no background in genetics or biology more than high-school but it was ridiculously easy to understand
It was also wrong 😂
@@chrispark2698 are you taking about technicalities or are you a creationist?
@@godassasin8097 My beliefs are irrelevant. It's technically wrong. ERV's are not evidence of common ancestry. There are major issues with this assumption. 90% of ERV sequences don’t even resemble full or true “endogenous retroviruses” because they lack standard viral genes.
That, plus they have been found to provide integral function to embryonic development, regulating gene expression, immune response, among other things. I just posted a comment providing a lot more if you're sincerely interested.
@@chrispark2698tbh i don't
biology is probably my least favorite science
if i could understand what you were saying I'd think about it but I don't really have time to do actual research in it sorry
i did try to read your comment tho
@@godassasin8097 Fair enough! Thanks for being honest. I'm happy you at least read it and tried, many people just ignore any data that contradicts their favored beliefs.
Suffice it to say, this video is wrong and misleading. Scientific research into ERVs contradicts Darwinian evolutionary theory and common ancestry. ERVs are not evidence to support evolution and common ancestry.
Thank you for this beautiful content ❤ can you please tell me what tools have you used to create the video, I would be so grateful 🙏
Awesome super well done and super clarifying video. THANX
One of my favorite topics that I have written many times about over the years. I'm happy to see you also addressing this. The mathematical probabilities you provided were the icing on the cake. Thank you.
11:40 In fact, one could argue that evolution is better understood than the gravity! We understand the mechanism behind the evolution and the evidence is overwhelming. On the other hand, we have lots of evidence for gravity and we know how it seems to behave but we still don't understand the mechanism behind it (e.g. some argue that it's transferred by gravitrons moving at the speed of light, similar to photons; some other people argue that it's just a curvature of spacetime and doesn't actually manifest as particles and the gravitation waves are just waves in spacetime).
The fact that a given creationist fails to understand evolution is not a proof against evolution but a proof against understanding of that individual.
Awesome job. Thank you.
Excellent video. Thanks
A request: can we get a video on atavism? It would be a fantastic way to show "evidence of evolution"
WHO IS DENYING EVOLUTION? BECAUSE YOU DONT KNOW WHAT CREATION MEANS ! CREATION DOESNT DISPROVE EVOLUTION.. NO CREATIONIST DENIES EVOLUTION ! CREATIONIST BELIEVE MAN WAS CREATED ! LET ME ASK YOU THIS PLS. IF MAN WERE GENETICALLY CREATED FROM PRIMITIVE APES AND NEANDERTHAL THEN WOULDNT WE HAVE ALL THE CHROMOSOMES AND DNA MARKERS AS EVOLUTIONISTS ARE FINDING ? AND WOULD WE FIND THAT WE SHARE THE SAME COMMON ANCESTOR IN OUR DNA MAKEUP ?
@@salamjihad3449 what point are you trying to make. Your shouted comment, didn't really say anything
Oh hey long time no see. Or watch. I haven't watched your videos in months.
@@salamjihad3449 what are you trying to say lmao? That's literally answered in the video. Did you not watch it before commenting? Smh🤦🏻♂️
@@salamjihad3449 Umm... yeah... MANY creationists deny evolution.
It seems like you are just saying that evolution, as accepted in Science, is real but that it was not a natural occurrence. Some creator got the ball rolling.
I love the part of genomics about haplogroups and the history of how people populated modern countries.
Incredible explanation and animation! So glad I stumbled into it. My students will benefit!
Superb video, thank you very much
This video is definitelly a very good tool in the evolution tool box. I dont know any other so direct proof presented in 12 minutes.
@@bernardlongwe7330 What is
the first contradiction you see? only the first one.
@@bernardlongwe7330 bro he genes can spread through out population and what about genetic drift events.
@@bernardlongwe7330 Suppose that I am infected by endogenous retrovirus ID 3462...996 at location 2867..355 of my DNA. If in 200 years you find individuals with the same retrovirus at the same DNA location, what does it tell you?
If you understand the mechanism it basically tells you that you can be sure (99.999..%) that they have in their family tree a common great-great-great....grandparent (which in this example would be ME). Because if you neglect pure luck, they have to be a subset of my great- great...grandchildren to which I would have passed, generation after generation, my version of this virus. Of course each of them still have a father 2 grandfathers 4 great grand father etc... and among the x-iems there is me. So basically here it's the same with chimps and human, having 204 common insertions of retrovirus between a human selected at random and a chimp selected at random basically means that for each of the 204 insertions, they have in their family tree, a common great-great-great...grandparent that was the first to contract this specific virus at this specific location. ~204 (or a little less) great great great...grandparent in common.
Does it solve the contradiction you see? If no what is your next question about this point? if yes what is the next point in which you saw a contradiction?
What a great video. I've been doing some research before I make my own and came across yours. Mine won't compare but it's a start. Thanks for putting all this together.
Oma it's you yay 🥳, can't wait for the video.
@@delusionsalyer Thanks! Working on it now!
This is an awesome video! I wonder if there is a place that I can get the version in other languages …! I would love to share the light that this video brings to the regular person. It it’s so clear and easy to understand. Looking for the version in Spanish . Thank you! Congratulations! 👊🏼
Excellent video!
And family means nobody gets left behind or forgotten
If only. Chimpanzees, other apes, primates, mammals, birds, and sentient creatures the world over are enslaved and abused for human benefit. Whether it’s under the guise of “research” or food production, literally *trillions* are forgotten and left behind every year.
Unless you are unable to produce a COVID vaccination "passport"...
@@moikechan Either get vaccinated or have proof of being medically exempt from vaccination, Ex: autoimmune diseases
Lol what
Could’ve just said until we develop agriculture and slaves/ abusing others for our own benefit became more practical, things kind of just escalated from then on
Wow, this is fascinating! Sad to say, a lot of people void this theory that is actually close to facts. People actually want's to live in lies.
A person wants. People want. But I agree.
@@Yuxim Well okay. I mean I see your point but it's not just stupidity or egotism. People are actually psychologically motivated to believe in their traditional beliefs. The beliefs their family and community believe. Neurologists often study something called cognitive bias. Here's 5, just so you see what I mean.
Conformity bias is the tendency to accept what we hear the most from the most people.
Authority bias is the tendency to accept what we're told by our authority figures.
Agenticity is the tendency to assign agency behind random events.
Self serving bias is the tendency to accept beliefs more likely to benefit us.
Belief perseverance is the tendency to hang on to beliefs that we already believe, even in light of evidence to the contrary.
Now we all have these biases. But notice how each one of them helps to support a person's traditional beliefs? Especially supernatural beliefs? And there are many more and many others are the same way in that they also help to support a person's traditional beliefs. No one is a perfect skeptic. We all fall prey to bad beliefs from time to time. But it is very interesting to me that these traditional beliefs seem specifically supported by so many of these cognitive biases.
@@PaulTheSkeptic In short, most people in this planet are just born to become egocentric human being base on their culture and religion. Because religion does not support that we came from nothing, that we are made by a super natural being, making Fnir Zeni point correct.
i think its not literally nothing, its nothing because its unknown what happend before the bigbang..its a nothing until we discover it was a something ...
@@PaulTheSkeptic Ah, thanks for sharing this useful information mate. 👍
Incredible, thank you very much!
What a beautiful video!
We also share a common ancestor with bananas.
That is true of you go back far enough. It all started somewhere.
Kinda like the big bang and the earth around the sun.
I had a gestalt experience relevant to the issue when I was a kid and visited the primate house of our local zoo. I looked at the eyes of chimpanzees and they are SO human (beyond any other primate) that I was instantly convinced that we are blood relatives.
Funny how that works.
Is simple as that, i allways said religious persons should look more at animals eyes.
Look up a gorillas hands, it is crazy how human they seem.
When I was younger I use to date a chimp - she drop me and I've had a broken chromosome every since....
@@mattfarmer4621 that’s pretty funny
Great and clear video. Thanks.
This is A M A Z I N G
I'm just thinking about this method being used to see and confirm some other relatives beings, like plants, fungi, or other animals, just as a way to improve the relationship and filogeny systems we already have done so far.
And as aways, great content coming from this channel, much love from Brazil
Obrigado!
I bet it's already used.
This is the best video I’ve seen so far when it comes to presenting evidences for evolution…Simply mind Blowing well done man!😃
My favorite evidence that we're related to chimps used to be the chromosome 2 fusion... I think ERVs took the #1 spot
How in the world does that fusion prove relatedness. That's so beyond me.
@@all2jesus I'll try my best to explain.
Other primates such as chimps, orangutans, bonobos, etc. have 48 chromosomes whereas humans have 46. If we are closely related to other apes and we descend from a common ancestor, how come our chromosome numbers don't match? That was a serious problem for evolution when initially discovered.
Scientists predicted that there must have been some form of chromosomal fusion if we truly descend from a common ancestor. Well that chromosome in question was found: chromosome 2. They discovered it was a fusion of two chromosomes. How do they know it's a fusion? Well chromosomes have distinct features called "centromeres" and "telomeres". Centromeres are regions that bind two chromatids and telomeres are repetitive sequences of nucleotides found at the ends of these chromatids.
As you might expect, a chromosome usually has 1 centromere (in the center) and 2 telomeres (at each end). Scientists discovered that chromosome 2 had TWO centromeres and FOUR telomeres. Moreover the regions of our chromosome 2 match with two DISTINCT chromosomes of other apes.
Now what's interesting is that we have observed cases in HUMANS of chromosomes fusing, that is we have observed babies born with 44 chromosomes instead of 46. And if someone with 44 chromosomes has a baby with another human with 44 chromosomes, their baby also has 44 chromosomes. And so on. That's how we know humans and other apes are very closely related.
@@kartashuvit4971 but we have never observed chromosome fusion in higher animals
@@patrickderp1044 what is a higher animal? You mean humans?
It's rare but there are reported cases of humans with 44 chromosomes, and the function normally because they're not really missing genes since the chromosomes are fused.
This is actually incredible!!!
Very cool video! 👏
The three greatest scientific theories so far, passing *_all experimental tests_* with flying colors, are evolution, special/general relativity, and quantum mechanics; we venture beyond them at our own peril.
💕 ☮ 🌎 🌌
Subtitles, please. French, Spanish, German... Thanks in advance. (And thanks for the English subtitles, it helps a lot).
Thank you for sharing such an informative and insightful documentary. NB: I wondered though how you work out the probability numbers e.g. see 10:06...
All the math is laid out in the document linked in the video description.
Hey you explain it really well
This is one of the best edutainment videos I've seen on the topic. I quite liked the way it was portrayed on Paulogia as well.
But mah holy book! This is what actual evidence looks like.
@Men Can't Change Their Gender Well, let’s see evidence to the contrary. I’m not talking about hand-wavy, airy-fairy sophistry which proves the author knows less actual science than a fourth-grade dropout. Show us the research.
Otherwise you offer us no reason to take you seriously.
This was amazing!
This video is beautiful I love it 👏 well done
Thank you so much, and please don’t stop! This was the most compelling video yet, and I can’t wait to share it with my friends who are on the fence. We’re all in a very religious environment and it can be hard to untangle the knots involved. So, the work you do is crucial for so many of us.
A couple questions: Do we find similar results in orangutans and gorillas?
Yes, we do find the same ERVs in orangutans and gorillas. You can read about this in the HERV-W paper.
Note that chimps, however, are special in that they seem to have had a large deletion mutation that nocked out a few of their ERVs after the chimp/human split (If I remember right, it was 3 ERVs taken out by one large deletion). We suspect it was a knockout because the ERVs AND the flanking sequences are missing. If they simply never had those ERVs, the uninterrupted flanking sequences would be in the genome.
How would this change their view? The Bible specifically states there was “ beastly things” and other creatures roaming around. Also, cane went off and married.. there was clearly more people around. I believe the Bible is the story of us advanced “Homo sapiens” . I believe God made us to live on this earth and gave us shared DNA. I don’t believe we evolved. This proves we have shared dna but we are made more intelligent. Because we have shared dna does not evolution occurred. Even if it was proved it wouldn’t change my faith that a creator made it and eventually formed us. In other words it would take more than this. 🤷🏽♀️
First, there is no way for different species to reliably interbreed.
What sort of evidence would it take for you to be convinced about evolution?
@@Aziz-wl1xf what? When did I mention interbreeding?
It truly doesn’t matter. I’ve already expressed previously, if evolution is fact then “a creator made it”. It’s honestly not going to change my mind. I did study engineering and I’ve heard it all. I did learn plenty that made most students atheist. 🤷🏽♀️
@@jenj1221 you mentioned beastly creatures and Cain reportedly getting married. I took that as your explanation for shared DNA.
I’m afraid you didn’t answer the question about the kind of evidence you would consider sufficient. Or did you mean to say that there is nothing that is ever going to change your mind?
Please consider doing a video on dating methods and the evidence for why they’re accurate.
Great documentary
Very good presentation 👏👌👍
Oh no no no, the creationists are going to “go ape” over this. They don’t believe in fossils and genetics.
😂
Yeah, they can't believe in it if they admit that this is proof, this beyond any reasonable doubt that we all evolved just like we are all still evolving today their whole entire self falls apart anything and everything they ever have claimed. Anything that they question the morality of will be disregarded as an ancient and flawed thinking that it was just another tall tale that sounded great but in the end was just fiction great fiction maybe? necessary fiction maybe, but fiction none the less.
🤣🤣🤣🤣
@Tim Riches Believe me, I try the best I can to bring these morons back to reality but they are impossible to have a rational conversation with.
@Tim Riches It is impossible to change their fixed minds with rational points, because their belief is based on feelings. Like fear of hell, and wanting to feel special.
Would love to see videos on the other evidence towards the end of the video. There's a huge demand in today's age of misinformation to see videos that clearly explain the truth.
@Roma Victor I assume you didn't watch the video? Or your just denying it which is irrational.
Thank you so very much for these wonderful and informative videos. Some doubt and need solid explanations, I doubt this could be better explained. This is the way :D
Awesome video 👏👏
It is appalling that in the 21st century one still needs to justify evolution as opposed to the supernatural -- at least in the USA.
Loved this!! But I still want to know who was the ancestor that we share?.. where did it split, why did it split, so many questions still.. lol but absolutely loved this video. ❤️
I don't know the name of the species but I know why we split, probably 2 groups of the same species living in 2 different environments with different environmental pressures, so the natural selection would be different, and at some point, the 2 groups of the same species became to different from each other to be considered the same species and they split off and went off onto their own evolutionary paths, just to clarify something, chimps and humans right after the split still looked VERY similar to each other but there were enough differences to classify them as 2 different species.
@@Evolcun thank you so much!! I find all this fascinating! Thanks again..
Fantastic video!
Excellent presentation. New subscriber here 👌