'You either die a hero or live long enough to see yourself become the villain,' could very well describe the life of Philippe Pétain. Or at least, thats what many generally agree on in hindsight. For the people living in France in 1940, it wasn't that black or white. 'Saving France' didn't necessarily mean fighting from exile, and establishing a French state with approval of the German victors might have seemed like the best option to protect French interests, people and identity. It's hard to place yourself in the shoes of people who lived through hard times and had to make tough decisions. Thats why we try to report and describe what happened as unbiased as we can. Keep that in mind when commenting, as well as our rules and guidelines. *rules for commenting:* STAY CIVIL AND POLITE we will delete any comments with personal insults, or attacks. AVOID PARTISAN POLITICS AS FAR AS YOU CAN we reserve the right to cut off vitriolic debates. HATE SPEECH IN ANY DIRECTION will lead to a ban. RACISM, XENOPHOBIA, OR SLAMMING OF MINORITIES will lead to an immediate ban. PARTISAN REVISIONISM, ESPECIALLY HOLOCAUST AND HOLODOMOR DENIAL will lead to an immediate ban.
As with everything, this has a lot of grey morality. Even among the Nazis, there were good people (see Oskar Schindler and the like), even among French resistance, there were tyrants.
I do not get why history is controvertial since it refers to things that have already happened. Overall I believe that historical controversy is ridiculous since there is an objective reality. Obviously, none of this applies if there is evidence that suggests that what we hold as objective reality is actually false.
@Oakpc2002 Indeed. But this does not render my point invalid. For example restoring a country to its former glory or fighting back an unfair treaty is not bad under certain circumstances. Killing people because of their politics, religion, nationality or race is bad. I think the controversy starts when people want to describe a historical figure/event in a single word [good/bad] so they have to see if the good aspect is more prevalent than the bad aspect of the figure/event. However standards differ from person to person and thus there is controvercy. That is why controversy is a product of oversimplifications, generalisations and lack of context, not an inherent characteristic of history.
The fact UA-cam demonetizes these videos is gross, they are depriving this channel of substantial funds from ad revenue just because there is an accurate and uncensored recollection of history. SHAME ps Love the videos!
It's sickening to see original content being pilfered and the creators screwed by ideology impacted advertiser revenue. if Google would pay the apolitical creators for their work instead of using the algorithm censor as a convenient excuse to not do so, then I'd give them a pass. But they're not, nor will they as long as they hold a monopoly. As long as they put ads on a demonetized video, they're performing theft by conversion. Eventually the creators will say good luck, if an alternative paying platform can be found. Patreon donations only go so far as fans can only donate so much. Ad revenue is what drives the engine and Google are denying the creators that fuel
I don't know why Google thinks that babying their viewers is a good thing. It's almost as if they're trying to make complacent sheep with opinions that don't go beyond what's deemed "safe"... hmm....
But of course, UA-cam's stupid ad policy states "Ooh no history bad! War bad therefore talking about war bad! Everything monetised should be sunshine and rainbows!"
@@TheSonOfDumb Google is following left wing ideology - which basically means censor anything it doesnt agree with. And then there's the advertisers. They are not following ideology for the most part. But if they are seen endorsing someone who the Left don't agree with, their supporters will hound that advertiser till they succumb to their demand. The advertiser doesn't want bad publicity especially with the advent of the social media boycott. And thus they'll comply even if the complaints only echo 1% of the populace with the rest not caring one hour. So the advertisers will tell Google, we only advertise on your platform if it's safe content (No media headaches). Google will then censor by demonetization all sites regardless of ideology and get the ad revenue all for itself. Creators don't have any alternative but to post to Google in the hope they *may* get monetized if their videos are popular. So for the short to medium future, You Tube will become Cable 2.0. Long term it will decline as the niche age group markets are no longer catered for and the 8 - 15 year olds watching it today won't watch banal product in 15 years time.
As Churchill said: "We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall NEVER allow it to be called aluminum"
@Oliver Moore. Fortunately, the leader of the opposition Clement Atlee, on May 9, 1940, in the middle of a Full parliament meeting, clearly said that if the opposition he himself accepted the proposal to meet with the majority party to form a coalition of national unity. It will be without and only without Neville Chamberlain, who through his incompetence has led his country to be unprepared to face the Nazi Peril when now we are at war. And thanks to that, Great Britain chose a real fighter in the person of Winston Churchill on May 10, 1940.
What if we call it "Alumium" by taking the original "Alum" and adding the "-ium" suffix, circumventing the comment ban, settling the controversy, and writing sternly-worded letters to the heretics who dare call it "Alumum"
Let's ask Humphrey Davy. Humphrey? Humphrey Davy: What is this frightful place? Who are these soldiers? My God, are these.....weapons? Thank you, Humphrey.
I grew up in Canada and had a Scottish shop teacher. We were learning aluminum casting. He told us, "Aluminium is one of the most ubiquitous elements in the universe. But aluminum is only found in North America". He killed me.
For past eight days meanwhile Royal Navy aircraft carrier HMS Eagle's Swordfish torpedo bombers constantly raided Italian held Tobruk harbour though , sinking three Italian destroyers and three Italian merchant ships
There are few things that surprise me more about WW2 are how these planes, considered by everybody as crap, managed again and again such incredible results
My uncle's father was a medic of the Italian navy and was in one of those ships. He often tell us the story of how he managed to jump in to the water and swim to the mainland
The depth if this series is utterly fantastic. To battlefield animations, to monthly occupation check ins, to real-time research breakthroughs, all in a super-listenable pace,tone, and explained thoroughly enough to be understood but not so much that episodes can't be 10-15min. As a hobby historian, I cannot write enough about how fantastic this is. Thank you for posting.
Indy the way you went off into a tangent to give a brief history lesson on Aluminium was brilliant. Your videos can be so entertaining as well informative.
@Oliver Moore Travail=compulsory labor in death factories in Germany (STO) Famille=Arrests and Deportations in death camps in Germany thanks to discriminatory laws dated October 3, 1940. Patrie=A Motherland whose sovereignty was handed over on June 17, 1940 no longer exists. a Fatherland plundered industrially economically, and starved by the occupier. A Homeland that no longer exists since November 11, 1942, because completely invaded by the Nazis.
The change In the French motto reminds me of something. My grandfather (who collected interesting coins) had a 1941 French coin with the LEF motto. I remember at the time thinking it strange and wondered where it came from. Was it a coin that slipped through or maybe a free French coin. It is somewhere in the boxes in storage
During Naval Battle of Calabria both Royal Navy and Italian task forces were protecting ongoing convoys to different destinations (Italian convoy to Benghazi , Libya and British convoy incoming from Malta-carrying evacuated civilians and families of garrison-to Alexandria) Both convoys reached their destinations without loss though HMS Warspite nicked Italian battleship Guilo Cesare quite badly with two or some resources say three hits from 381 mm shells from 26.000 yards. All Italian air raids on British task force failed and Admiral Cunningham chased retreating Italians almost to their own shores before turning back Alexandria.
@CommandoDude Italians should have thought that before declaring war. Hell Italian Air Force made 66 sorties against British task force but no hits : Compared to them Japanese would never miss an oppurtunity like that.
CommandoDude Yeah. I used to think the Italian guns were the problem but turns out the guns were quite good. (Hell, even with the shell problem the Italian battleship did straddle Warspite: it came down to the luck of the draw as to which ship would hit first) Of course, by this point, battleships were obsolete. It would have been better for both sides to send in a carrier instead. But neither realized that.
@@bkjeong4302 Or they could simply have invested much more into their land-based naval air arms. The Mediterranean is closely packed enough that hordes of land-based naval bombers would annihilate any ships trying to get through. That's why Malta was such a keystone to Allied operations in the area despite its relatively small air capacity. Sorties flying from that island were a major threat to enemy shipping for hundreds of miles around, and the Axis failure to capture or at least suppress the place was a big one that ultimately brought about devastating consequences.
merdiolu And I’m saying that’s the stupid part. They should have skipped their new battleships and built two carriers instead. Not that anyone else’s new battleships were any better, though.
You are just great, Indy! I am not a native English speaker, so I thank you the comments about the aluminun or aluminium. Not only history in this channel, also some grammar! Greetings from Chile!
In Churchill’s classic six volume account if WW2, he shows the British defense plan for what would be known as Operations Sea Lion, the German invasion of Britain. Fascinating stuff. The volumes I read belonged to someone else, I wish I had a copy
@60smusicrules. Yes ! You are quite right to speak of the courageous fighter that was the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and doubly right to evoke the plan of invasion of England baptized "Lion of the Sea"
"Father, I must ask about that nun over there. Why does she spend all day making carpets on that old fashioned loom?" "Oh, you mean Sister Beatrice? Well she's a loomin' nun." "Don't you mean "Aluminium?" "No that's her littler sister, Sister Gertrude. She's a loom mini-nun."
@@benedictjajo same in mine ...from Pakistan .. Frankly surprised to see a fellow from same region as our most people don't take interest in such talks
I thought my favorite part of the video was the Aluminum bit. Until I got to that small remark about TFP. Both things, I didn't know, and noth things have totally amazed me (in different ways, of course). You guys are just awesome at what you do.
Another fascinating episode. I particularly like that all events happening over the week are placed in context. This really illustrates how the inter connected & chaotic war unfolded across the planet
Have you ever noticed that in German the "Battle for Britain" is called the "Luftschlacht (air battel) um England" Not only do we have no concept of the difference between Britain and england but we also seeme to have preserved the term for a battle raging actually in Britain and not above it.
I was going to comment “you either die a hero…” but WWII Channel took the words right out of my mouth! Well done! Petain always though the French government was weak and didn’t hesitate at the chance to become the “French Franco”
Franco is a rather complicated figure, he ruled as a dictator, but he distrusted the Spanish fascist and dismissed most of them from his inner circle preferring men from the military, he was much more a traditional monarchist then a fascist.
Scott Weber petain wasn’t really a fascist either, they both were military men who had right wing support. And Franco always had the support of *both* the Carlists (Monarchists) and the Falangists, he simply favored Falangists in power before 1947 and Carlists after 1947, the same year he named the Spanish throne restored but vacant. However the Falangists didn’t flee him after this, just as the Carlists has supported him even from 1936-1947, prior to his restoration of the throne. Petain didn’t have to fight a civil war to gain power but he still had the support of multiple different factions of the right, but most of them weren’t fascist. Petain himself had no irredentist claims, beyond trying to sure up control of France’s colonies, which he mostly did until he lost them in war. The level of totalitarianism was mainly the same between the France and Spain as well (with the obvious exception of areas occupied by german troops, which to be fair was all of France by 1943 though there was nothing Petain could do about that part, and the other exception being during and after the Spanish Civil War itself.), so that if we take France and Spain in 1942, we see a regime presence in daily life but a less heavy handed one than in Germany, Italy, Russia, or Japan at that time for example (Japan hasn’t turned fascist in this video series yet, it’s only militarist, but it becomes Fascist in mid-1941 when Hideki Tojo came to power and reorganized japan into a 1 party state). Even Italy and Japan in 1942 had a less intrusive state apparatus than Germany or the Soviet Union. So there are levels to this, and France and Spain were certainly on course for similar paths, but obviously Germany lost the war, France was invaded, and Franco stuck around. Petain himself was near the end but his system likely would have stuck around and provided a model for Franco’s eventual transfer of power (something never accomplished smoothly in a 1 party state up to that point). So really at the end of the day both guys were military men who preferred authoritarian rule, and preferred themselves to be the ruler.
If only he'd done so a year sooner he might have saved France and the world unspeakable suffering. A strong government doesn't do much good *after* the surrender.
@TheLocalLt. Non Pétain falsely claimed that the government was supposedly weak. But let's not forget that he was part of it and used his harmful influence to impoverish the French army between the two wars, both in terms of its numbers (1934), its military budget (1934), and its armament. (1935, 1937) than in its defenses (1927, 1932, 1934) and in its military alliances (1935, 1938)
@@didierroux1547 the main reasons he, and others, thought the government weak were 1.) the complacency of the French government and populace, and 2.) a repeated tendency to elect far-left coalitions that included Communists. Petain hated that France and Blum were supporting the Spanish Republic and allying with the Soviet Union, instead of supporting Franco and the Baltic States against Communism. In other words, Petain saw the rising conflict in the decade as mainly ideological (which was largely true about the Spanish Civil War), whereas Britain saw it as mainly geopolitical and (correctly as it turns out) concluded that Germany was in fact the principle threat, even to those not in the direct path of the “Drive to the East”
Thank you for these videos. I did not realize the allies betrayed Finland and Norway. I also did not know the Germans actually lost the war in France, 1.5 million soldiers rescued from the beaches under Hitler's nose?
"the war of the black boxes" radar was an extremely useful invention. but the real force multiplier that saved britain was the implementation of ground controlled intercept. it saved countless resources and man hours from being uselessly deployed in areas where attacks werent happening by putting the fighting forces right where they needed to be.
I just realised that at this point in time Britain still had many colonies around the world which may be the sole reason why they could actually fight Axis powers since they weren't all just isolated on their island.
Very nice and thorough series, it's great! I especially like the short intros done one the phone. They make my head start churning for the reference. Good stuff!
Could you make an episode about Vichy France and how the French viewed the politicians and leaders of Vichy France after the war. Probably an episode for the future but it would be interesting
Actually, I think life in Vichy could be part of the WaH episode for October or November since that's also around the time that Petain signs the Statutes on Jews.
@@ICULooking you do have to admit that for a Texan, an American, and just an overall human, Indy's pronunciations are generally pretty damn good. But yes love your pun.
I'd like to say guys, Initially I was very worried about the quality of audio but I have to say you effectively identified what was wrong and the sweeping ballots which follow Indy's narrations are prefect now. Very captivating and provide gravitas for the stuff Indy is talking about. Great to see the improvements on this front! Well done!
In the county of Suffolk, we don't pronounce the 'folk' part like that. it's more like 'Suffuk'. The Pronunciation of Bawdsey was a lot better though. Still, love a good shoutout of the home county!
@Blanc Neige I guess it's just the way the dialect has evolved. I'm sure there's an extensive list of videos on UA-cam about dialect history that could teach you more than I ever could.
Is the second vowel in Suffolk not pronounced as an indeterminate vowel sound 'uh'? Sounds rude if you pronounce it 'Suffuk'. In the distant past (centuries ago) it was probably pronounced 'folk', meaning the folk of the south of the long-lost Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of East Anglia. The neighbouring County of Norfolk being the 'North Folk' of the same Kingdom, which succumbed to Viking invasion in the Ninth Century.
The graphics were absolutely superb in this video. I don't believe they're from reference footage, they were made to look intentionally oldschool, and yet they're so clean and easy to comprehend. Hats off.
Sides at present: World War Two Allies: Albanian resistance, Australia+, Bahrain-, Belgium^+, Canada, Czechoslovakia^, Danish resistance, Estonian resistance*, Ethiopian Arbegnoch, Free France+**, Iceland~***, Latvian resistance*, Luxembourg^, Nepal, Netherlands^+, New Zealand+, Norway^+, Oman-, Poland^, South Africa, United Kingdom+ Axis: Germany+, Italy+, Slovakia~, USSR****, Vichy France+ ** 3rd Parties: Denmark*****, Lithuanian resistance * 2nd Sino-Japanese War’ Sino: China’’ Japanese: Japan+, Manchukuo~, Mengkukuo~, Ngolok Tibetans’’’, Reorganized ROC~ ~puppet ^occupied with a government-in-exile & resistance movement. +Includes the country’s colonies, overseas territories, or reichskommissariats -self-governing protectorate or territory *The official governments of the Baltic States reluctantly accepted the USSR’s ultimatums, resulting in their occupation & the installation of new Soviet friendly regimes. This led to the creation of irregular national resistance movements, though it would take time before they became formal organizations. As the Estonian & Latvian resistance forces are fighting the USSR-who is a co-belligerent of Germany at this time-they are listed with the Allies. Although the exact date that Polish & Lithuanian resistance forces began fighting each other for control of the land around Vilnius/Wilno is unknown, they do so throughout the war as well as fight Germany & the USSR. For this reason, I’m placing the Lithuanian resistance in the 3rd Parties list. SPOILER WARNING: After Operation Barbarossa, I will reassign them based on the new front between Germany & the USSR. **When newly appointed Prime Minister Philippe Pétaind announced his intentions to seek an armistice with the Axis powers, General Charles de Gaulle established a government-in-exile that would continue the war on the Allied side. French colonies had to decide whether to remain loyal to the Vichy Regime or join the Free French. SPOILER WARNING: Chad under Governor Félix Éboué was the first to join De Gaulle & soon all of French Equatorial Africa was in Free French hands, with its capital Brazzaville serving as headquarters for the movement. By late 1943, all French overseas possessions except in Indochina were controlled by Free France. Although the French government in Vichy is officially neutral, I have placed them with the Axis. The main reason being that Allied forces would continue to attack & occupy the territory it claimed throughout the war. At the same time, the Vichy government collaborated with Germany by providing war materials, allowing them use of their territory for strategic operations, & in implementing the Holocaust. ***Although the Icelandic government issued a formal protest, the British invasion was not contested because Iceland lacked a military to fight back with & so told its people to treat the occupiers as guests. Even to this day, the "Lovely War" is controversial. Many Icelanders view the Allied occupation very negatively for the loss of their country’s sovereignty & for foreign troops fraternizing with local women. Others point to economic & infrastructural benefits the happened during the war. SPOILER WARNING: Iceland’s occupation is transferred to the Neutral USA on July 7th, 1941. At that point, I will take Iceland off the overview until Pearl Harbor. ****I have the USSR on the Axis side because both Germany & them are currently at war with Poland(The Soviets invaded on September 17, 1939), divided Poland between themselves pre-invasion, are working together to end the Polish resistance, & are trading war materials. This is all detailed in the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, the German-Soviet Frontier Treaty, the German-Soviet Credit Agreement, & the German-Soviet Commercial Agreement. SPOILER WARNING: After Operation Barbarossa in June 1941, I will move them to the 3rd parties list(See my policy on country placement below) & then move them to the Allies after the signing of the Sikorski-Mayski agreement in July 1941 between the Polish government-in-exile & the USSR. *****In the 2nd week of April, both Germany & the United Kingdom invaded & occupied parts of Danish territory(Germany occupied Denmark proper & the United Kingdom occupied the Faroe Islands) to “guarantee their independence & neutrality.” Everyday life went on mostly as before with Local authorities in both areas cooperating with the occupiers. Hitler hoped that Denmark would be “a model protectorate” that would aide his larger goals. Despite this, the Danish national government resisted calls by Germany for legal discrimination against Jewish Danes, the death penalty, & German military courts to have jurisdiction over Danish citizens. The Danish colony of Greenland(being de facto independent at the time) asked the neutral USA to protect them from invasion by the warring powers. Throughout this time, Denmark remained officially neutral despite having Axis & Allied forces on its soil. SPOILER WARNING: On August 29, 1943, after refusing to submit to any further German demands, the Danish government was dissolved & the German military took direct control of the country. At that point, I’ll take Denmark off the 3rd parties list & replace the Danish resistance with Denmark(with an occupied disclaimer). ’SPOILER WARNING: The 2nd Sino-Japanese War remain unconnected to World War II until September 1940 (When Japan invades French Indochina & joins the Tripartite Pact). After this point, I’ll roll it into World War II. ’’The Kuomintang & Communist Parties have signed a truce to fight the Japanese as part of the Second United Front lead by Chiang Kai-shek, but coordination is minimal & both deeply mistrust the other. ‘’’The Ngolok rebellions were a brutal ethnic conflict fought in Qinghai/Amdo between Ngolok Tibetans & the Hui dominated Ma clique who were loyal to the Kuomintang government of China. Despite having a common enemy in the Kuomintang, the Ngolok Tibetans & Japan were only co-belligerents as they didn’t have a formal alliance & didn’t coordinate in military planning. MY POLICY ON COUNTRY PLACEMENT: If a country declares war on or attacks another country & at least one of them is already involved in World War II, I’ll list the other as a part of the opposing faction. That is why the events of the Winter War are included in the main World War II list & the events of the War of ‘41(Ecuador vs. Peru) will not be. The countries listed in the factions above are comprised of both official members & co-belligerents. The terms “Allies” & “Axis” are used for both kinds of belligerents as a convenient way to distill the world war & it’s adjoining conflicts, with disclaimers used to elaborate on some of the more complicated situations. If a country or resistance movement is at war with at least one country form both factions, I’ll add them to the 3rd parties list with a disclaimer. The 3rd Parties list is not a faction, but a collection of warring parties who act independently of one another. I have to consolidate factions along co-belligerency or else the number of factions will balloon out of control. Finally, each post only represents the factions as they were 79 years ago to the day. Many countries will join, leave, or switch sides before the war ends for various reasons & I strongly encourage you to look into the situation of each country for yourself.
Patriotic American Thanks for the question! If you wouldn't mind, could you submit this question on our community forum (community.timeghost.tv/c/Out-of-the-Foxholes-Qs), as UA-cam comments are hard to keep track of and find back later 😅
Wohoo! I'm caught up. Great series so far, and I'm gaining a lot of insight into how this war got underway. The ineptitude of the allied leaders is pretty shocking. But the whole thing about strong condemnation and "thoughts and prayers", while actually not doing anything, is as current as ever. Britain treating the war like Facebook with their paper bombing was pretty hilarious though.
Awesome! Its getting quite a long binge already! It is as hilarious as it is tragic and disrespectful to express your support through Facebook and paper bombing though..
soon, i'd imagine. My grandfather was part of the team from MIT that used the fruits of the Tizard Mission to build the US mobile radars for the Army and Nacy, the SCR-584.
This is the week, my grandfather, my mum’s dad, a Royal Navy sailor was killed in action in the Channel (18 July 1940). My mother remembers the telegram arriving at the house. He is buried in a naval cemetery at Portsmouth.
Sounds like a great time to rewatch that 1969 Battle of Britain movie again... (No, not the 2001 Pearl Harbor movie though, that was inaccurate as heck with Spitfire Mk Vs appearing earlier than it should be) I think without the Dowding System, the RAF would have likely struggled a lot more in the air battles. Its impact should not be underestimated.
Scott Weber Well in terms of historical accuracy, there are still a few errors here and there, but for the most of it, Tora Tora Tora was a lot more accurate compared with Pearl Harbor, which was fully ridden with all sorts of errors in the entire movie.
@Scott Weber Well if you compare to the more well known Saving Private Ryan, it is actually sometimes more accurate and detailed in terms of historical events, such as showing British and French Resistance involement on D-Day, but probably a very sanitized and less bloodless version of it, which was certainly not the case. Sadly, the film hasn’t really aged well over the years...
Indy I already learned more history from you than I did in grades 5 trough 12 Now you begun to teach me chemistry My former teachers could learn a thing or 2:)))
My favorite episode so far! Thank you for the airborne early warning, via radar, history lesson. I’m with the US E-3 AWACS and always enjoy a refresher briefing. Well done, Sir!
the problem is though that Bauxite is the most common metal ore on Earth, but the refining process is incredibly expensive, using electrolysis so that's why the British government wanted already refined aluminium, not bauxite. Fortunately for Britain* , there are 4 countries in the UK, not 1.
My country Suriname (former dutch colony) already had a large bauxite plant made by an american company before the war, once the US entered the war they stationed thousands of troops in Suriname to protect the unrefined aluminium headed to plants across the sea. Due to the closer proximity compared to Australia, the majority of allied planes were thus made from Surinamese and Canadian aluminium.
I would like to state for the record, that a convoy escort squadron that survives and the convoy makes it safely constitutes a *victory*; Full-stop. Just because the Reggia Marina didn't sink any RN ships at Calibri does not mean some level of defeat occured. The incapacitation of a battleship is a very high cost indeed, but the crewmen survived to fight again and the ship can be repaired, even if that takes months.
At first Luftwaffe commanders and High Command dismissed British radars as trivial , nothing that could stop mighty Luftwaffe's super pilots , highly advanced aviation technology like short range single seat fighters that could not range beyond south England more than 20 minutes or dive bombers that basically stall in air during dive and became easy targets and numerical superiorty (by August 1940 RAF would have 800 single engine fighters and 1.000 pilots including exiled nationals like Poles , Czechs , French , Belgians , Irish and Commonwealth pilots like Australians , New Zealanders , Canadians , Rhodisians and South Africans as well as British pilots) to meet German onslaught of 1.000 fighers and 1.500 or so medium bombers , someone forgot to remind Luftwaffe they forgot strategic long range heavy bombers though) But RAF Fighter Commands Air Command Control System for air defence was massively superor , in organisation and communication British were way ahead than Germans who wore rose tinted glasses after defeating France and in over optimism beyond national jignoism hubris , assuming they would sweep RAF from skies in five days. What Japanese later called "Victory Disease" (which we see constantly during incoming five years from different nations)
merdiolu the Irish at this time were members of the Commonwealth and under the terms of the 1932 Statute of Westminster they and the other dominions (Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Newfoundland and South African) were de facto sovereign states who could make there own decisions to go to war when the UK went war. In 1939 the Irish decided to stay neutral, although their merchant ships often travelled within convoys bound for the UK under the protection of the Royal Navy. However, many Irish men and women did not like bullies and oppressors decided to come to the UK to fight, even though they didn't care much for the UK as their former oppressor. These brave men and women were treated shamefully by their own government on their return home. In regard to radar, the Germans thought we had radar just like they had (radar was developed in several countries but slightly behind the UK). They notice the lattice towers going up along the coast and sent out the airship Count Zeppelin on a mission to spy on British radar transmissions. This mission failed because the Germans were looking at the wrong part of the radio waves (they looked at similar frequencies they were transmitting on and missed the British transmissions). Later in the Battle of Britain they succesfully jammed but never realised this one of the radar stations on the south coast (Ventnorcsprings to mind but I may be misremembering (somebodies bound to know out there)). The station was told by R. V. Jones to keep transmitting and after a few days the Germans stopped their jamming and went home. This plus the Germans deciding that it was too difficult to destroy the Chain Home stations made them focus their efforts else where and lead to their first significant defeat of the war. As an aside, and a bit of a spoiler, the British, Americans and Germans all created what we now call chaff as a countermeasure to radar and all were afraid to use it in case the enemy did the same. The British used it first in the destruction of Hamburg (IIRC) and then the Germans used it, but with more limited success.
merdiolu Somewere in August, the Luftwaffe attacked an radarstation and used it to then attack an RAF base. For some reason, they never try it again in the rest of the battle. And the BF 109 could only Fly up to London, stay Three for 5 minutes, and then had to return to base before it runs out of petrol.
Thank you for regularly reminding us of the suffering China endured in World War II. Most Americans today have little or no idea that China was embroiled in nearly ceaseless fighting from long before Pearl Harbor and all the way through to the end of the war.
@@WorldWarTwo a genu(w)ine LOL at that response. hey, you folks got any way i can support cha financially besides patreon?? direct payment....? t-shirts.....? links to e-commerce that'll give you kickbacks....? ....some people dont like patreon, so an option would be in your financial best interest.
oh, and i checked out that Time Ghost TV site, but i only found a per month option. i reckon that'd work. ....but dont cha have a one time payment avenue? .....i didnt see it.
Actually, that would be next year(summer of '41) since they already mention the Russian Front in the first series. Though here is where Dad's Army would begin.
The Lion of Verdun becomes a virtual King of Beasts. Random British officer: *takes a good stiff drink* Radar is getting better. Let's get up there and go to work! Another random officer: We need more planes, sir. First officer: *takes another drink* Get some aluminum. Second officer: Oh, is that how you say it?
Still see the remains of old metal fences that were cut for the war effort around town. Think they must have left them that way as a subtle memorial, either that or after the war and the end of rationing they just forgot.
She's real fine my 109 She's real fine my 109 My 109 Well I saved my pennies and I saved my dimes (giddy up giddy up 109) For I knew there would be a time (giddy up giddy up 109) When I would buy a brand new 109 (109, 109) Giddy up giddy up giddy up 109 (giddy up giddy up 109) Giddy up 109 (giddy up giddy up 109) Giddy up 109 (giddy up giddy up 109) Giddy up 10... Nothing can catch her Nothing can touch my 109 109 ooooo (giddy up giddy up oooo) (giddy up giddy up oooo) (giddy up giddy up oooo) (giddy up giddy up)
Great video. So far as the pronunciation and spelling of aluminum/aluminium goes, who cares. If the British pronounce it differently, I expect it, as they are a separate nation and have been for centuries. We say truck, they say lorry. They are our friends across the Atlantic, and as friends, we can overlook the minor differences that we have. Thank you Indy, for all you do to entertain us.
'You either die a hero or live long enough to see yourself become the villain,' could very well describe the life of Philippe Pétain. Or at least, thats what many generally agree on in hindsight. For the people living in France in 1940, it wasn't that black or white. 'Saving France' didn't necessarily mean fighting from exile, and establishing a French state with approval of the German victors might have seemed like the best option to protect French interests, people and identity. It's hard to place yourself in the shoes of people who lived through hard times and had to make tough decisions. Thats why we try to report and describe what happened as unbiased as we can. Keep that in mind when commenting, as well as our rules and guidelines.
*rules for commenting:*
STAY CIVIL AND POLITE we will delete any comments with personal insults, or attacks.
AVOID PARTISAN POLITICS AS FAR AS YOU CAN we reserve the right to cut off vitriolic debates.
HATE SPEECH IN ANY DIRECTION will lead to a ban.
RACISM, XENOPHOBIA, OR SLAMMING OF MINORITIES will lead to an immediate ban.
PARTISAN REVISIONISM, ESPECIALLY HOLOCAUST AND HOLODOMOR DENIAL will lead to an immediate ban.
Petain might have been complicated, but he sent thousands of his fellow French citizens to certain death, and that is unforgivable.
Madness is like gravity, all you need is a little push.
Petain wanted France to live
Edit: sped comment
As with everything, this has a lot of grey morality.
Even among the Nazis, there were good people (see Oskar Schindler and the like), even among French resistance, there were tyrants.
@@lomm__ yeah
I love how a show that includes Hitler the most controversial thing is the pronunciation of a word, aluminium.
I do not get why history is controvertial since it refers to things that have already happened. Overall I believe that historical controversy is ridiculous since there is an objective reality. Obviously, none of this applies if there is evidence that suggests that what we hold as objective reality is actually false.
Steven Wills yep
you mean aluminum
@Oakpc2002 Indeed. But this does not render my point invalid. For example restoring a country to its former glory or fighting back an unfair treaty is not bad under certain circumstances. Killing people because of their politics, religion, nationality or race is bad. I think the controversy starts when people want to describe a historical figure/event in a single word [good/bad] so they have to see if the good aspect is more prevalent than the bad aspect of the figure/event. However standards differ from person to person and thus there is controvercy. That is why controversy is a product of oversimplifications, generalisations and lack of context, not an inherent characteristic of history.
Steven Wills *aluminum
A protracted lesson on the history of the prouncation of Aluminium.
This is the content I want.
Now I want Indy to explain why the British call Elevators Lifts.
Because they 'lift' you up...?
@@WorldWarTwo sometimes they also elevate :)
Why do neither the yanks nor the Brits take into account the fact that elevators/lifts also take you down too
A Yank at the Court of King Boris: 1st doors 'Pull', 2nd doors 'Push', 3rd doors 'Lift' . . . . . broken fingernails.
Showed up for WW2. Stayed for chemistry verbiage.
Showed up for a mention Luxembourg.
Stayed for the 3rd Benelux country
@@luxembourgishempire2826
#thirdBeneluxCountry
@@luxembourgishempire2826"when/where was" Luxembourg "mentioned" (in this video)?
The fact UA-cam demonetizes these videos is gross, they are depriving this channel of substantial funds from ad revenue just because there is an accurate and uncensored recollection of history. SHAME
ps Love the videos!
It's sickening to see original content being pilfered and the creators screwed by ideology impacted advertiser revenue. if Google would pay the apolitical creators for their work instead of using the algorithm censor as a convenient excuse to not do so, then I'd give them a pass.
But they're not, nor will they as long as they hold a monopoly.
As long as they put ads on a demonetized video, they're performing theft by conversion. Eventually the creators will say good luck, if an alternative paying platform can be found.
Patreon donations only go so far as fans can only donate so much. Ad revenue is what drives the engine and Google are denying the creators that fuel
I don't know why Google thinks that babying their viewers is a good thing. It's almost as if they're trying to make complacent sheep with opinions that don't go beyond what's deemed "safe"... hmm....
Logan paul needs it more so he can get views exploiting suicide victims
But of course, UA-cam's stupid ad policy states "Ooh no history bad! War bad therefore talking about war bad! Everything monetised should be sunshine and rainbows!"
@@TheSonOfDumb Google is following left wing ideology - which basically means censor anything it doesnt agree with. And then there's the advertisers. They are not following ideology for the most part. But if they are seen endorsing someone who the Left don't agree with, their supporters will hound that advertiser till they succumb to their demand. The advertiser doesn't want bad publicity especially with the advent of the social media boycott. And thus they'll comply even if the complaints only echo 1% of the populace with the rest not caring one hour. So the advertisers will tell Google, we only advertise on your platform if it's safe content (No media headaches). Google will then censor by demonetization all sites regardless of ideology and get the ad revenue all for itself. Creators don't have any alternative but to post to Google in the hope they *may* get monetized if their videos are popular. So for the short to medium future, You Tube will become Cable 2.0. Long term it will decline as the niche age group markets are no longer catered for and the 8 - 15 year olds watching it today won't watch banal product in 15 years time.
Aluminum!
Aluminium!
*Laughs in Stalinium*
xaxaxaxa
The second one is clearly wrong! rabble rabble rabble
it’s actually pronounced Stalinum
Сталиниум
I SUMMON THE *HOLY HESH OF ANTIOCH*
As Churchill said: "We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall NEVER allow it to be called aluminum"
Lol
Nice one
They resisted Hitler, but alas...
they could not succumb to the mighty United States of America
@Oliver Moore. Fortunately, the leader of the opposition Clement Atlee, on May 9, 1940, in the middle of a Full parliament meeting, clearly said that if the opposition he himself accepted the proposal to meet with the majority party to form a coalition of national unity.
It will be without and only without Neville Chamberlain, who through his incompetence has led his country to be unprepared to face the Nazi Peril when now we are at war.
And thanks to that, Great Britain chose a real fighter in the person of Winston Churchill on May 10, 1940.
Churchill:: “also by “we”, I mean “you”. Because I will be in my mansion and traveling the world getting drunk as fuck and pampered by my staff.”
Petain is given major powers, which means:
Petain: "I AM THE SENATE"
Not yet.
@@phil_cassidy Petain: "IT'S TREASON THEN"
@Elman Khalilov not yet
Motion to rename him PalPetain, all in favor?
@bificommander the senate will give emergency powers to Palpetain
Broke: war and genocide
Bespoke: "aluminium?"
Indy: Please do not comment on Aluminum or Aluminium
Everyone Else: Comments on nothing else
Internet in an nutshell
Just use wood instead of Aluminum. Fastest plane of 1940 was a wooden De Havilland Mosquito.
Not quite true! There are a few comments on the pronunciation of Suffolk as well!
What if we call it "Alumium" by taking the original "Alum" and adding the "-ium" suffix, circumventing the comment ban, settling the controversy, and writing sternly-worded letters to the heretics who dare call it "Alumum"
Should have named the episode “Aluminum vs Aluminium”
mobiletuner we can try to convince them to make it a special episode next week
Let's ask Humphrey Davy. Humphrey?
Humphrey Davy: What is this frightful place? Who are these soldiers? My God, are these.....weapons?
Thank you, Humphrey.
I grew up in Canada and had a Scottish shop teacher. We were learning aluminum casting.
He told us, "Aluminium is one of the most ubiquitous elements in the universe. But aluminum is only found in North America".
He killed me.
lol
For past eight days meanwhile Royal Navy aircraft carrier HMS Eagle's Swordfish torpedo bombers constantly raided Italian held Tobruk harbour though , sinking three Italian destroyers and three Italian merchant ships
There are few things that surprise me more about WW2 are how these planes, considered by everybody as crap, managed again and again such incredible results
The sword fish strikes again
My uncle's father was a medic of the Italian navy and was in one of those ships. He often tell us the story of how he managed to jump in to the water and swim to the mainland
@@lucaventinove3151 My respects to your uncle's father.
* uncle's father
The depth if this series is utterly fantastic. To battlefield animations, to monthly occupation check ins, to real-time research breakthroughs, all in a super-listenable pace,tone, and explained thoroughly enough to be understood but not so much that episodes can't be 10-15min. As a hobby historian, I cannot write enough about how fantastic this is. Thank you for posting.
Indy the way you went off into a tangent to give a brief history lesson on Aluminium was brilliant. Your videos can be so entertaining as well informative.
Nothing like talking about the nomenclature of a metal to rest from all the war
As a lover of History, I thank you All for your always high quality content.
You're welcom
"Travail, Famille, Patrie" and that image gave me chills
@Oliver Moore Travail=compulsory labor in death factories in Germany (STO)
Famille=Arrests and Deportations in death camps in Germany thanks to discriminatory laws dated October 3, 1940.
Patrie=A Motherland whose sovereignty was handed over on June 17, 1940 no longer exists. a Fatherland plundered industrially economically, and starved by the occupier. A Homeland that no longer exists since November 11, 1942, because completely invaded by the Nazis.
This week on World war two:
France becomes Fashist, but first: Is it Aluminum or Aluminium?
The world may never know.
The change In the French motto reminds me of something. My grandfather (who collected interesting coins) had a 1941 French coin with the LEF motto. I remember at the time thinking it strange and wondered where it came from. Was it a coin that slipped through or maybe a free French coin. It is somewhere in the boxes in storage
If you can find it, you might want to take it to a coin dealer to get a price on it. Then you may not want to sell it -- it's a piece of history. :)
During Naval Battle of Calabria both Royal Navy and Italian task forces were protecting ongoing convoys to different destinations (Italian convoy to Benghazi , Libya and British convoy incoming from Malta-carrying evacuated civilians and families of garrison-to Alexandria) Both convoys reached their destinations without loss though HMS Warspite nicked Italian battleship Guilo Cesare quite badly with two or some resources say three hits from 381 mm shells from 26.000 yards. All Italian air raids on British task force failed and Admiral Cunningham chased retreating Italians almost to their own shores before turning back Alexandria.
@CommandoDude Italians should have thought that before declaring war. Hell Italian Air Force made 66 sorties against British task force but no hits : Compared to them Japanese would never miss an oppurtunity like that.
CommandoDude
Yeah. I used to think the Italian guns were the problem but turns out the guns were quite good. (Hell, even with the shell problem the Italian battleship did straddle Warspite: it came down to the luck of the draw as to which ship would hit first)
Of course, by this point, battleships were obsolete. It would have been better for both sides to send in a carrier instead. But neither realized that.
@@bkjeong4302 Italian Navy had no carriers , and Italian air force was was based and for their needs it was sufficient , or so they thought.
@@bkjeong4302
Or they could simply have invested much more into their land-based naval air arms. The Mediterranean is closely packed enough that hordes of land-based naval bombers would annihilate any ships trying to get through. That's why Malta was such a keystone to Allied operations in the area despite its relatively small air capacity. Sorties flying from that island were a major threat to enemy shipping for hundreds of miles around, and the Axis failure to capture or at least suppress the place was a big one that ultimately brought about devastating consequences.
merdiolu
And I’m saying that’s the stupid part. They should have skipped their new battleships and built two carriers instead. Not that anyone else’s new battleships were any better, though.
You are just great, Indy!
I am not a native English speaker, so I thank you the comments about the aluminun or aluminium. Not only history in this channel, also some grammar!
Greetings from Chile!
Thanks for watching, please stay tuned every week. And your written English is great! 🇨🇱
Thank you for all those videos on here and on Sabaton History. I always love have my mornings with you.
Thank You
@@WorldWarTwo you don't have to thank me. You deserved it. Keep the good work.
In Churchill’s classic six volume account if WW2, he shows the British defense plan for what would be known as Operations Sea Lion, the German invasion of Britain. Fascinating stuff. The volumes I read belonged to someone else, I wish I had a copy
@60smusicrules. Yes ! You are quite right to speak of the courageous fighter that was the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and doubly right to evoke the plan of invasion of England baptized "Lion of the Sea"
Hitler never intended to invade the UK.
@@didierroux1547 Churchill was a traitor.
"Father, I must ask about that nun over there. Why does she spend all day making carpets on that old fashioned loom?"
"Oh, you mean Sister Beatrice? Well she's a loomin' nun." "Don't you mean "Aluminium?"
"No that's her littler sister, Sister Gertrude. She's a loom mini-nun."
The thumbnail makes Chiang look like he’s about to do something very naughty.
This show is about the Greatest Conflict in Human History (the Alu war)... also about the 2nd World war ;)
Alu means potato in my native language.
@@benedictjajo From which Glorious contry you hail from ? I fear it might be France though
@Yor Neustein I'm from a small state of North East India called Manipur.
@@benedictjajo so you are from Tealand , nice to greet you
@@benedictjajo same in mine ...from Pakistan .. Frankly surprised to see a fellow from same region as our most people don't take interest in such talks
I love this series so much, ww2 can’t be forgotten all should know this history!
We agree! Which is exactly why we're making this
World War Two thank you for thai piece of history. My Grand father from my mom's side was a sailor on the Italian Battleship Giulio Cesare. 🇺🇸🇮🇹
Allies: we need a work place for our researchers.
Britain: all I got are these awesome castles.
As a devoted fanatic of classic British rock, the piece of info about EMI was fascinating! Awesome to learn.
I thought my favorite part of the video was the Aluminum bit. Until I got to that small remark about TFP. Both things, I didn't know, and noth things have totally amazed me (in different ways, of course).
You guys are just awesome at what you do.
Thank you so much! We’re so happy you learned a thing or two, it means we’re doing our jobs properly!
Indy, *why* in the WORLD would the great, precise, detailed, educational videos of TimeGhost/WW2 be demonetized? That’s outrageous and absurd
We agree... and thank you
I love that segment for explaining Aluminum/Aluminium
Another fascinating episode. I particularly like that all events happening over the week are placed in context. This really illustrates how the inter connected & chaotic war unfolded across the planet
Thank you very much
Perfect time to discuss how the radar defense system works.
The Battle of Aluminum/ Alumini-um will be followed by the Battle of Nuclear/ Nucular in the Cold War.
Nucular is completely wrong though.
First as a tragedy, then as a farce, huh.
Nuucilur nailation
@@sdsd2e2321 They actually do. It's just tough spelling it phonetically. Look it up. You'll see. ;)
ua-cam.com/video/OoASZyihalc/v-deo.html
But Nucular is an objectively incorrect pronunciation though. It's pronounced "Nuclear"
Those ladies placing the plane markers onto that giant map looks like the coolest job ever...
Have you ever noticed that in German the "Battle for Britain" is called the "Luftschlacht (air battel) um England" Not only do we have no concept of the difference between Britain and england but we also seeme to have preserved the term for a battle raging actually in Britain and not above it.
This is the best history series I've ever seen
Thank you Ezekiel!
Petian reportedly said he had more powers than Louis XVI
Any head of state today has more power than the most absolutist king ever had.
@@voiceactorofdovakiin i dont think so. Highly doubt that Macron could declare some minister of his traitor and have his head.
I think you mean Louis XIV
I was going to comment “you either die a hero…” but WWII Channel took the words right out of my mouth! Well done! Petain always though the French government was weak and didn’t hesitate at the chance to become the “French Franco”
Franco is a rather complicated figure, he ruled as a dictator, but he distrusted the Spanish fascist and dismissed most of them from his inner circle preferring men from the military, he was much more a traditional monarchist then a fascist.
Scott Weber petain wasn’t really a fascist either, they both were military men who had right wing support. And Franco always had the support of *both* the Carlists (Monarchists) and the Falangists, he simply favored Falangists in power before 1947 and Carlists after 1947, the same year he named the Spanish throne restored but vacant. However the Falangists didn’t flee him after this, just as the Carlists has supported him even from 1936-1947, prior to his restoration of the throne.
Petain didn’t have to fight a civil war to gain power but he still had the support of multiple different factions of the right, but most of them weren’t fascist. Petain himself had no irredentist claims, beyond trying to sure up control of France’s colonies, which he mostly did until he lost them in war.
The level of totalitarianism was mainly the same between the France and Spain as well (with the obvious exception of areas occupied by german troops, which to be fair was all of France by 1943 though there was nothing Petain could do about that part, and the other exception being during and after the Spanish Civil War itself.), so that if we take France and Spain in 1942, we see a regime presence in daily life but a less heavy handed one than in Germany, Italy, Russia, or Japan at that time for example (Japan hasn’t turned fascist in this video series yet, it’s only militarist, but it becomes Fascist in mid-1941 when Hideki Tojo came to power and reorganized japan into a 1 party state).
Even Italy and Japan in 1942 had a less intrusive state apparatus than Germany or the Soviet Union. So there are levels to this, and France and Spain were certainly on course for similar paths, but obviously Germany lost the war, France was invaded, and Franco stuck around. Petain himself was near the end but his system likely would have stuck around and provided a model for Franco’s eventual transfer of power (something never accomplished smoothly in a 1 party state up to that point).
So really at the end of the day both guys were military men who preferred authoritarian rule, and preferred themselves to be the ruler.
If only he'd done so a year sooner he might have saved France and the world unspeakable suffering. A strong government doesn't do much good *after* the surrender.
@TheLocalLt. Non Pétain falsely claimed that the government was supposedly weak. But let's not forget that he was part of it and used his harmful influence to impoverish the French army between the two wars, both in terms of its numbers (1934), its military budget (1934), and its armament. (1935, 1937) than in its defenses (1927, 1932, 1934) and in its military alliances (1935, 1938)
@@didierroux1547 the main reasons he, and others, thought the government weak were 1.) the complacency of the French government and populace, and 2.) a repeated tendency to elect far-left coalitions that included Communists. Petain hated that France and Blum were supporting the Spanish Republic and allying with the Soviet Union, instead of supporting Franco and the Baltic States against Communism.
In other words, Petain saw the rising conflict in the decade as mainly ideological (which was largely true about the Spanish Civil War), whereas Britain saw it as mainly geopolitical and (correctly as it turns out) concluded that Germany was in fact the principle threat, even to those not in the direct path of the “Drive to the East”
Excellent video, real time history, hour by hour. Really great stuff. Enjoy it immensely.
Thank you, Indy.
Thanks for the support, we appreciate it
Thank you for these videos. I did not realize the allies betrayed Finland and Norway. I also did not know the Germans actually lost the war in France, 1.5 million soldiers rescued from the beaches under Hitler's nose?
Dunkirk was the greatest defeat the UK had ever suffered.
I really want to be in charge of plotting those planes on the grid-map thingy. It looks so fun.
Stressing as hell though, what if you place it on wrong side of britain? Wonder what the punishment was
Glad i am not the only one watching these videos for the first time in 2024.
"the war of the black boxes"
radar was an extremely useful invention. but the real force multiplier that saved britain was the implementation of ground controlled intercept. it saved countless resources and man hours from being uselessly deployed in areas where attacks werent happening by putting the fighting forces right where they needed to be.
Thumbnail:
Me and the boys ready to strongman on dem haters
Me and the boys ready to set up dictatorships
Dab on them haters!
I just realised that at this point in time Britain still had many colonies around the world which may be the sole reason why they could actually fight Axis powers since they weren't all just isolated on their island.
Indeed
India especially helped a lot
Very nice and thorough series, it's great! I especially like the short intros done one the phone. They make my head start churning for the reference. Good stuff!
Could you make an episode about Vichy France and how the French viewed the politicians and leaders of Vichy France after the war. Probably an episode for the future but it would be interesting
Actually, I think life in Vichy could be part of the WaH episode for October or November since that's also around the time that Petain signs the Statutes on Jews.
We will be doing stuff like this, we just can't right now because we don't want to reveal any spoilers and mess up the realtime format.
Forget Aluminium, your pronunciation of Suffolk needs work!
Suffuck do you expect from a Texan?!
@@ICULooking XD
@@ICULooking you do have to admit that for a Texan, an American, and just an overall human, Indy's pronunciations are generally pretty damn good. But yes love your pun.
He did 'Portsmouth' really well for an American though. Most say portsMOUTH for some reason.
@@cycklist I'm from Ohio and I always pronounce it as Port-smuth, since we have a Portsmouth, Ohio.
Damn, weeks seems eternal until the Saturdays main event when the notification sounds and it is a new video!
Join the Timeghost Army and you get early access to videos ;)
"by one of the longest-range artillery hits, 24 kilometers"
Pariser Kanone : am I a joke to you ?
Paris is a bit bigger than a ship though.
Scharnhorst scoring hit on HMS Glorious: am I a joke to you?
@@thisnicklldo Paris' coat of arms feature a ship. So as Gimli said, "that still only counts as one"
@@Duke_of_Lorraine as a parisian, i agree
Might want to fix that title. It's July
Already fixed
@Kyle Duncan they release early for their patreon supporters
@@TheDancingHyena ah good point, so this is the non Patreon remix.
I'd like to say guys, Initially I was very worried about the quality of audio but I have to say you effectively identified what was wrong and the sweeping ballots which follow Indy's narrations are prefect now. Very captivating and provide gravitas for the stuff Indy is talking about. Great to see the improvements on this front! Well done!
Thanks! We're always looking to improve and good to hear we're up to scratch at the moment
Indy: "Aluminum."
Caller: "No, you missed an i, aluminium."
Indy: "What, aluminium? We'll see!"
I wasn’t expecting a history lesson on the word “aluminum” but that’s what makes it so funny.
In the county of Suffolk, we don't pronounce the 'folk' part like that. it's more like 'Suffuk'. The Pronunciation of Bawdsey was a lot better though. Still, love a good shoutout of the home county!
Wow I had no idea I will try to say it correctly in the future
@@mattk3926 Every little helps.
@Blanc Neige I guess it's just the way the dialect has evolved. I'm sure there's an extensive list of videos on UA-cam about dialect history that could teach you more than I ever could.
If he pronounced it that way, they'd get demonetized for sure!
Is the second vowel in Suffolk not pronounced as an indeterminate vowel sound 'uh'? Sounds rude if you pronounce it 'Suffuk'. In the distant past (centuries ago) it was probably pronounced 'folk', meaning the folk of the south of the long-lost Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of East Anglia. The neighbouring County of Norfolk being the 'North Folk' of the same Kingdom, which succumbed to Viking invasion in the Ninth Century.
The UK: Well, guess that's the end of France?
Petain: Je suis le sénate!
Au revoir, Shoshanna!!!
oOoOoOoO that's a BINGO
if you want to end the war tonight. you have to make a deal.
Wait for the creeeeme !
Ah hugo!, you've moved up in the world...
@@Vonneumann747 "Arrive...derci" (in West Virginia accent)
The graphics were absolutely superb in this video. I don't believe they're from reference footage, they were made to look intentionally oldschool, and yet they're so clean and easy to comprehend. Hats off.
Thanks a lot!
"whos on 1st?"
"alumium"
"whos on 2nd?"
"no aluminum is on 2nd"
"well, whos on 3rd then?"
"aluminium"
"who?"
"i dont know"
(in unison) "3rd base!"
i loved the Aluminum comment, ty for the little history on side of the big history
Sides at present:
World War Two
Allies: Albanian resistance, Australia+, Bahrain-, Belgium^+, Canada, Czechoslovakia^, Danish resistance, Estonian resistance*, Ethiopian Arbegnoch, Free France+**, Iceland~***, Latvian resistance*, Luxembourg^, Nepal, Netherlands^+, New Zealand+, Norway^+, Oman-, Poland^, South Africa, United Kingdom+
Axis: Germany+, Italy+, Slovakia~, USSR****, Vichy France+ **
3rd Parties: Denmark*****, Lithuanian resistance *
2nd Sino-Japanese War’
Sino: China’’
Japanese: Japan+, Manchukuo~, Mengkukuo~, Ngolok Tibetans’’’, Reorganized ROC~
~puppet
^occupied with a government-in-exile & resistance movement.
+Includes the country’s colonies, overseas territories, or reichskommissariats
-self-governing protectorate or territory
*The official governments of the Baltic States reluctantly accepted the USSR’s ultimatums, resulting in their occupation & the installation of new Soviet friendly regimes. This led to the creation of irregular national resistance movements, though it would take time before they became formal organizations. As the Estonian & Latvian resistance forces are fighting the USSR-who is a co-belligerent of Germany at this time-they are listed with the Allies. Although the exact date that Polish & Lithuanian resistance forces began fighting each other for control of the land around Vilnius/Wilno is unknown, they do so throughout the war as well as fight Germany & the USSR. For this reason, I’m placing the Lithuanian resistance in the 3rd Parties list. SPOILER WARNING: After Operation Barbarossa, I will reassign them based on the new front between Germany & the USSR.
**When newly appointed Prime Minister Philippe Pétaind announced his intentions to seek an armistice with the Axis powers, General Charles de Gaulle established a government-in-exile that would continue the war on the Allied side. French colonies had to decide whether to remain loyal to the Vichy Regime or join the Free French. SPOILER WARNING: Chad under Governor Félix Éboué was the first to join De Gaulle & soon all of French Equatorial Africa was in Free French hands, with its capital Brazzaville serving as headquarters for the movement. By late 1943, all French overseas possessions except in Indochina were controlled by Free France. Although the French government in Vichy is officially neutral, I have placed them with the Axis. The main reason being that Allied forces would continue to attack & occupy the territory it claimed throughout the war. At the same time, the Vichy government collaborated with Germany by providing war materials, allowing them use of their territory for strategic operations, & in implementing the Holocaust.
***Although the Icelandic government issued a formal protest, the British invasion was not contested because Iceland lacked a military to fight back with & so told its people to treat the occupiers as guests. Even to this day, the "Lovely War" is controversial. Many Icelanders view the Allied occupation very negatively for the loss of their country’s sovereignty & for foreign troops fraternizing with local women. Others point to economic & infrastructural benefits the happened during the war. SPOILER WARNING: Iceland’s occupation is transferred to the Neutral USA on July 7th, 1941. At that point, I will take Iceland off the overview until Pearl Harbor.
****I have the USSR on the Axis side because both Germany & them are currently at war with Poland(The Soviets invaded on September 17, 1939), divided Poland between themselves pre-invasion, are working together to end the Polish resistance, & are trading war materials. This is all detailed in the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, the German-Soviet Frontier Treaty, the German-Soviet Credit Agreement, & the German-Soviet Commercial Agreement. SPOILER WARNING: After Operation Barbarossa in June 1941, I will move them to the 3rd parties list(See my policy on country placement below) & then move them to the Allies after the signing of the Sikorski-Mayski agreement in July 1941 between the Polish government-in-exile & the USSR.
*****In the 2nd week of April, both Germany & the United Kingdom invaded & occupied parts of Danish territory(Germany occupied Denmark proper & the United Kingdom occupied the Faroe Islands) to “guarantee their independence & neutrality.” Everyday life went on mostly as before with Local authorities in both areas cooperating with the occupiers. Hitler hoped that Denmark would be “a model protectorate” that would aide his larger goals. Despite this, the Danish national government resisted calls by Germany for legal discrimination against Jewish Danes, the death penalty, & German military courts to have jurisdiction over Danish citizens. The Danish colony of Greenland(being de facto independent at the time) asked the neutral USA to protect them from invasion by the warring powers. Throughout this time, Denmark remained officially neutral despite having Axis & Allied forces on its soil. SPOILER WARNING: On August 29, 1943, after refusing to submit to any further German demands, the Danish government was dissolved & the German military took direct control of the country. At that point, I’ll take Denmark off the 3rd parties list & replace the Danish resistance with Denmark(with an occupied disclaimer).
’SPOILER WARNING: The 2nd Sino-Japanese War remain unconnected to World War II until September 1940 (When Japan invades French Indochina & joins the Tripartite Pact). After this point, I’ll roll it into World War II.
’’The Kuomintang & Communist Parties have signed a truce to fight the Japanese as part of the Second United Front lead by Chiang Kai-shek, but coordination is minimal & both deeply mistrust the other.
‘’’The Ngolok rebellions were a brutal ethnic conflict fought in Qinghai/Amdo between Ngolok Tibetans & the Hui dominated Ma clique who were loyal to the Kuomintang government of China. Despite having a common enemy in the Kuomintang, the Ngolok Tibetans & Japan were only co-belligerents as they didn’t have a formal alliance & didn’t coordinate in military planning.
MY POLICY ON COUNTRY PLACEMENT: If a country declares war on or attacks another country & at least one of them is already involved in World War II, I’ll list the other as a part of the opposing faction. That is why the events of the Winter War are included in the main World War II list & the events of the War of ‘41(Ecuador vs. Peru) will not be. The countries listed in the factions above are comprised of both official members & co-belligerents. The terms “Allies” & “Axis” are used for both kinds of belligerents as a convenient way to distill the world war & it’s adjoining conflicts, with disclaimers used to elaborate on some of the more complicated situations. If a country or resistance movement is at war with at least one country form both factions, I’ll add them to the 3rd parties list with a disclaimer. The 3rd Parties list is not a faction, but a collection of warring parties who act independently of one another. I have to consolidate factions along co-belligerency or else the number of factions will balloon out of control. Finally, each post only represents the factions as they were 79 years ago to the day. Many countries will join, leave, or switch sides before the war ends for various reasons & I strongly encourage you to look into the situation of each country for yourself.
Nice to see Indy finally more or less pronouncing Petain correctly.
Hey Indy question for out of the fox holes what is your favorite battle on the eastern and western fronts
Patriotic American Thanks for the question! If you wouldn't mind, could you submit this question on our community forum (community.timeghost.tv/c/Out-of-the-Foxholes-Qs), as UA-cam comments are hard to keep track of and find back later 😅
I greatly appreciate all the research that went into the great aluminum controversy.
We cover every detail...
Wohoo! I'm caught up.
Great series so far, and I'm gaining a lot of insight into how this war got underway.
The ineptitude of the allied leaders is pretty shocking. But the whole thing about strong condemnation and "thoughts and prayers", while actually not doing anything, is as current as ever.
Britain treating the war like Facebook with their paper bombing was pretty hilarious though.
Awesome! Its getting quite a long binge already! It is as hilarious as it is tragic and disrespectful to express your support through Facebook and paper bombing though..
Excellent episode this week!
Thank You
I wonder when we see cavity magnetron and its arrival to US with Tizard Mission
soon, i'd imagine. My grandfather was part of the team from MIT that used the fruits of the Tizard Mission to build the US mobile radars for the Army and Nacy, the SCR-584.
This is the week, my grandfather, my mum’s dad, a Royal Navy sailor was killed in action in the Channel (18 July 1940). My mother remembers the telegram arriving at the house. He is buried in a naval cemetery at Portsmouth.
No, not „sodium“. It's natrium. The symbol is Na, as from natrium. Latin names only.
Or Wolfram...
Wouldn't "sodum" or "natrum" be better?
Hmmm....I think gold and silver have a better sound than Aurum and Argentum
@@seneca983 no!
Soda + -ium (instead of "natrium") & Pot-ash + -ium (instead of "kalium") ... What is this; Looney Toons nomenclature? 😜
Sounds like a great time to rewatch that 1969 Battle of Britain movie again... (No, not the 2001 Pearl Harbor movie though, that was inaccurate as heck with Spitfire Mk Vs appearing earlier than it should be)
I think without the Dowding System, the RAF would have likely struggled a lot more in the air battles. Its impact should not be underestimated.
Is Tora Tora Tora a more accurate view?
Scott Weber Well in terms of historical accuracy, there are still a few errors here and there, but for the most of it, Tora Tora Tora was a lot more accurate compared with Pearl Harbor, which was fully ridden with all sorts of errors in the entire movie.
@@gunman47 Another film I sometimes question is "The Longest Day" I need to research to see how accurate it really was.
@Scott Weber Well if you compare to the more well known Saving Private Ryan, it is actually sometimes more accurate and detailed in terms of historical events, such as showing British and French Resistance involement on D-Day, but probably a very sanitized and less bloodless version of it, which was certainly not the case. Sadly, the film hasn’t really aged well over the years...
Indy
I already learned more history from you than I did in grades 5 trough 12
Now you begun to teach me chemistry
My former teachers could learn a thing or 2:)))
That's great to hear, glad you're learning from us (although not so great to hear you had bad teachers...)
My favorite episode so far! Thank you for the airborne early warning, via radar, history lesson. I’m with the US E-3 AWACS and always enjoy a refresher briefing. Well done, Sir!
Thank You
I propose that Pal-Petain be given emergency powers!
My two great interests... history and language... brought together with a beautiful diversion into aluminum/aluminium! Positively brilliant!!
Fortunately for England Australia has the largest known reserves of Bauxite the raw material that aluminum is made from.
the problem is though that Bauxite is the most common metal ore on Earth, but the refining process is incredibly expensive, using electrolysis so that's why the British government wanted already refined aluminium, not bauxite.
Fortunately for Britain* , there are 4 countries in the UK, not 1.
My country Suriname (former dutch colony) already had a large bauxite plant made by an american company before the war, once the US entered the war they stationed thousands of troops in Suriname to protect the unrefined aluminium headed to plants across the sea. Due to the closer proximity compared to Australia, the majority of allied planes were thus made from Surinamese and Canadian aluminium.
@@Alex1010Flyboy Ehhh Good stuff
@@Alex1010Flyboy That I didn't know, thank you.
Australia's major Aluminium and west coast Iron ore reserves were discovered after WW2.
Ik im probably the 1,486th comment saying this but Indy defending his pronunciation of aluminum with a whole history lesson was hilarious
7:11 in the immortal words of the mighty jingles, That's A Paddlin'™
I would like to state for the record, that a convoy escort squadron that survives and the convoy makes it safely constitutes a *victory*; Full-stop. Just because the Reggia Marina didn't sink any RN ships at Calibri does not mean some level of defeat occured. The incapacitation of a battleship is a very high cost indeed, but the crewmen survived to fight again and the ship can be repaired, even if that takes months.
Can't believe the war was fought over the pronunciation of aluminium.
In Poland, the "aluminium" is an alloy and the element is actually called "glin", from "glina" (clay) as it was extracted from clay here.
At first Luftwaffe commanders and High Command dismissed British radars as trivial , nothing that could stop mighty Luftwaffe's super pilots , highly advanced aviation technology like short range single seat fighters that could not range beyond south England more than 20 minutes or dive bombers that basically stall in air during dive and became easy targets and numerical superiorty (by August 1940 RAF would have 800 single engine fighters and 1.000 pilots including exiled nationals like Poles , Czechs , French , Belgians , Irish and Commonwealth pilots like Australians , New Zealanders , Canadians , Rhodisians and South Africans as well as British pilots) to meet German onslaught of 1.000 fighers and 1.500 or so medium bombers , someone forgot to remind Luftwaffe they forgot strategic long range heavy bombers though) But RAF Fighter Commands Air Command Control System for air defence was massively superor , in organisation and communication British were way ahead than Germans who wore rose tinted glasses after defeating France and in over optimism beyond national jignoism hubris , assuming they would sweep RAF from skies in five days. What Japanese later called "Victory Disease" (which we see constantly during incoming five years from different nations)
Germany underestimated the UK, and the UK overestimated the Germans.
merdiolu the Irish at this time were members of the Commonwealth and under the terms of the 1932 Statute of Westminster they and the other dominions (Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Newfoundland and South African) were de facto sovereign states who could make there own decisions to go to war when the UK went war. In 1939 the Irish decided to stay neutral, although their merchant ships often travelled within convoys bound for the UK under the protection of the Royal Navy. However, many Irish men and women did not like bullies and oppressors decided to come to the UK to fight, even though they didn't care much for the UK as their former oppressor. These brave men and women were treated shamefully by their own government on their return home.
In regard to radar, the Germans thought we had radar just like they had (radar was developed in several countries but slightly behind the UK). They notice the lattice towers going up along the coast and sent out the airship Count Zeppelin on a mission to spy on British radar transmissions. This mission failed because the Germans were looking at the wrong part of the radio waves (they looked at similar frequencies they were transmitting on and missed the British transmissions). Later in the Battle of Britain they succesfully jammed but never realised this one of the radar stations on the south coast (Ventnorcsprings to mind but I may be misremembering (somebodies bound to know out there)). The station was told by R. V. Jones to keep transmitting and after a few days the Germans stopped their jamming and went home. This plus the Germans deciding that it was too difficult to destroy the Chain Home stations made them focus their efforts else where and lead to their first significant defeat of the war.
As an aside, and a bit of a spoiler, the British, Americans and Germans all created what we now call chaff as a countermeasure to radar and all were afraid to use it in case the enemy did the same. The British used it first in the destruction of Hamburg (IIRC) and then the Germans used it, but with more limited success.
merdiolu Somewere in August, the Luftwaffe attacked an radarstation and used it to then attack an RAF base. For some reason, they never try it again in the rest of the battle. And the BF 109 could only Fly up to London, stay Three for 5 minutes, and then had to return to base before it runs out of petrol.
And they were trivial, everyone knows Radar didn't help the RAF pilots! It was carrots! Honest!
Through their observation telescopes they could even see some of the radar towers from France in good weather.
You say tomato, I say aluminium...cough....aluminum
You say Petain, I say Petainium
let's call the whole thing off
"Aluminum vs. Aluminium"? Psh! It's all about Platinum vs. Platinium!
Thank you for regularly reminding us of the suffering China endured in World War II. Most Americans today have little or no idea that China was embroiled in nearly ceaseless fighting from long before Pearl Harbor and all the way through to the end of the war.
Indy, please make a video on the Japanese occupation of French Indochina. Please accept my request.
Masih 22 September nanti
I'm sure he will when the Japanese get round to it
They haven't occupied it yet, we will get to it when it happens.
@@WorldWarTwo a genu(w)ine LOL at that response. hey, you folks got any way i can support cha financially besides patreon?? direct payment....? t-shirts.....? links to e-commerce that'll give you kickbacks....? ....some people dont like patreon, so an option would be in your financial best interest.
oh, and i checked out that Time Ghost TV site, but i only found a per month option. i reckon that'd work. ....but dont cha have a one time payment avenue? .....i didnt see it.
A very good learning tool, period. Thank you for some very good work.
So, here is where the series Allo Allo will begin?
Actually, that would be next year(summer of '41) since they already mention the Russian Front in the first series. Though here is where Dad's Army would begin.
The Lion of Verdun becomes a virtual King of Beasts.
Random British officer: *takes a good stiff drink* Radar is getting better. Let's get up there and go to work!
Another random officer: We need more planes, sir.
First officer: *takes another drink* Get some aluminum.
Second officer: Oh, is that how you say it?
How did people cook if they had no pots and pans 😂
Not all pots and pans are made of aluminum, so it wasn't necessary nor needed to donate all
Using ovens????
Really? You ask that?
They had to use their microwave
I'm sure at least some had steel or cast iron pans.
Still see the remains of old metal fences that were cut for the war effort around town. Think they must have left them that way as a subtle memorial, either that or after the war and the end of rationing they just forgot.
She's real fine my 109
She's real fine my 109
My 109
Well I saved my pennies and I saved my dimes
(giddy up giddy up 109)
For I knew there would be a time
(giddy up giddy up 109)
When I would buy a brand new 109
(109, 109)
Giddy up giddy up giddy up 109
(giddy up giddy up 109)
Giddy up 109
(giddy up giddy up 109)
Giddy up 109
(giddy up giddy up 109)
Giddy up 10...
Nothing can catch her
Nothing can touch my 109
109 ooooo
(giddy up giddy up oooo)
(giddy up giddy up oooo)
(giddy up giddy up oooo)
(giddy up giddy up)
Bf 109?
Wow, Lessons in History, Science and language in one episode....nice.
Great video. So far as the pronunciation and spelling of aluminum/aluminium goes, who cares. If the British pronounce it differently, I expect it, as they are a separate nation and have been for centuries. We say truck, they say lorry. They are our friends across the Atlantic, and as friends, we can overlook the minor differences that we have. Thank you Indy, for all you do to entertain us.
I can live with the pronunciation of the lightweight metal. “Suffolk” however is less forgivable
Indy could go into politics given his ability to sidetrack from the main topic... Okay, that was harsh.
great historical channel. TY for posting.