Frankfurt School | Historiography
Вставка
- Опубліковано 8 лис 2023
- Unlike Gramsci, most of the Frankfurt School managed to escape fascist persecution by moving to the United States. These Marxists also pointed to how culture could snuff out resistance, but were more about ideas. They theorized that the culture industry (as in movies, books, TV, and whatnot) helped bolster capitalism by making the population complacent and docile. Their critical theory analyzed popular media for how it reinforced societal structures. Historians who use this method of critique, tend to be looking at how a culture is affected by media.
------------------------------------------------------------
See pinned comment and its replies for notes, responses, and errata
Bibliography
James M. Banner, The Ever-Changing Past: Why All History Is Revisionist History (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2021), audiobook. amzn.to/3y0Y8er
Peter Gunn, History and Cultural Theory (Oxon, UK: Pearson Education Limited, 2006). amzn.to/2uWmK9F
Peter Charles Hoffer, Past Imperfect: Facts, Fictions, Fraud American History from Bancroft and Parkman to Ambrose, Bellesiles, Ellis, and Goodwin (New York: Public Affairs, 2004). amzn.to/2OQJh0m
Lloyd Kramer and Sarah Maza, eds., A Companion to Western Historical Thought (Malden, Mass.: Blackwell Publishing, 2002). amzn.to/2LhuzSf
William H. Sewell, Logics of History: Social Theory and Social Transformation (Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, 2005). amzn.to/2ZvH5Cs
------------------------------------------------------------
Connected videos:
Full historiography episode: • The History of History...
------------------------------------------------------------
SUBSCRIBE FOR MORE VIDEOS:
ua-cam.com/users/subscription_c...
Support the channel through PATREON:
/ cynicalhistorian
or by purchasing MERCH: teespring.com/stores/the-cyni...
LET'S CONNECT:
Twitch: / cynicalhistorian
Facebook: / cynicalcypher88
Discord: / discord
Twitter: / cynical_history
Bluesky: bsky.app/profile/cynicalhisto...
Threads: www.threads.net/@cynicalhisto...
------------------------------------------------------------
Hashtags: #history #FrankfurtSchool
The internet has totally changed the game. The workers are FINALLY connecting GLOBALLY! ✊️
(It’s only 14 year old communists in suburbs on subreddits talking about revolution, just a really loud minority of people who think a genocidal ideology can solve all issues)
@@HistoricalFanatics oh that's so rich coming from someone who has no idea what communism actually is🤣
And just fyi, this here middle-aged worker is not even a commie lol
@@TheAmericanAmerican Jesus Christ wake up. The internet has already been taken over completely by corporate interest. IT WAS ALWAYS GOING TO BE LIKE THAT. The utter immature complacencies of morons who really believed that just plopping a revolutionary technology into an oppressive system was ever going to achieve any form of real change is just so utterly pathetic.
But CuLtUrAl mArXiSm.
Was this... not... a Marxist analysis of Culture?
@@masscreationbroadcastsFrankfurt School took a bit of everything when analysing culture.
Marx, Freud, Weber, Hegel, Nietzsche.
@@woodsmand you may as well say Marx ripped off Hegel, Darwin ripped off Lamarck, and Einstein ripped off Newton.
Lovely video as always, Cypher. Keep it up, all the best.
I like the cop shows when they get the bad guy.
Why were they called the Frankfurt school if they worked in the USA?
They came from Frankfurt, hence why they had to escape fascism
Check the early life of the most prominent frankfurt school members
Is this a preview of an incoming longer video on the subject?
The video has been out for 2 years. I just stopped releasing these shorts because the YT algorithm hurt my channel with these back then
hmm, I wonder what the Frankfurt school thinks about social medias impact on culture. Traditional media is able to affect the overall culture - makes sense, but with social media there doesnt seem to be a clear "leader" or direction when it comes to culture. Maybe you can make the argument due to it being a "popularity" contest, the masses have more power and media and companies have to listen - or atleast have a financial reason to adhere to social media norms.
I am not sure, but probably the most well known, still living, Polish neo-Marxist, Jan Hartman, chooses the wildest topics to discuss on social media and this is second time when he was banned by his own political party from starting in elections. Few years ago just before elections, when he was about to start, he argued on social media that incest should not be punished by law, his party stopped him from starting in that election. Now, just before elections he started to defend rights of paedophile prisoners; also his party stopped him from starting. I can understand his arguments, but dude, you want to start in the election and this is second time you have chosen a political death topic just before election. Maybe because I am not left-winger and I don't understand, but you are a philosopher and wanna-be politician, there really do not exist better topics you want to discuss just before the elections? I know that he is just a one guy from Poland who openly identifies as member of Frankfurt school, but topics he chooses to discuss on social media are a wild ride... :v
It's obscured by social media, but the algorhithmic sorting of users into bubbles/echo chambers seems in line with the theory, to me. & even in social media, capitalist superstructures certainly still co-opt & defang revolutionary potential among the users.
It's a nice idea. Though you could say that pre internet newspapers were also a popularity contest.
A pro-argument for free market capitalism is that the consumer is in charge. If consumers don't like a business, it fails.
I think both of those ignore the restrictive relations of production and consumption.
Online media platforms are governed by advertisers. To make money, the media platform has to be appealing to advertisers, especially large companies. This influences the content they allow.
Online platforms are also increasingly governed by states.
What members of the Frankfurt School, and Marxists such as Althusser, would say, is that we don't arrive at online media untouched by society. We are formed by society before we go on the internet.
We bring that socialisation when creating and consuming new media. The dominant ideology outside the internet is daily reproduced as the dominant ideology of the internet.
Have you not found UA-cam videos looking and sounding more and more the same. And particular videos get more views, such as the angry ones.
And don't forget that you are being formed as a dutiful consumer and commodity. The algorithm links you to videos you seem to like, and uses the information along with internet searches to cater to your desires, and thus revolutionising marketing.
Althusser said adverts positioned themselves to talk to those who identified with them. Now, the adverts can actually talk directly and confidently with you.
And your data is being sold. Not to make society better but to sell more stuff.
Make sure your eyes don't pop out of their sockets.
Yeah I’ve def come to respect this school more. I’ve noticed many media stories that are popular do at least spout very pro-American liberalism, pro-free market ideals. Again I don’t think pro-capitalism is exactly bad or not as easily definable, but most stories go for “moderation” or “anti-radicalism.”
See key&skittles’s analysis of the legend of korra.
Watch the Star Wars sequels and then take into account the real life incel/right wing culture that the movies were made in-the movies do espouse a pro-modern liberalism message (even when it directly caused the fascists to rise up again) and said it was ok to be a right wing fascist as long as you were complex.
V for vendetta movie completely missed the political ideology of Alan Moore’s anarchism and actually equivocated western fascism with Islamic terrorism; and downplaying what anarchism actually is. Which is not even what Moore envisioned his fascism would come through.
But two stories that I think are able to ask real good questions about how society functions if you live in a corporate society/capitalistic society’s there is of course v for vendetta, the heroes may not exactly be heroes but your happy they can beat up the fascists-but it makes you question if British society is worth saving and ultimately what will happen next.
There is ff7. No matter what our heroes do, the corporation wins. They DONT matter. Their terror attacks DIDNT matter and were they even moral to begin with? Our heroes (who are all flawed) ONLY win because the corporation created a BIGGER threat. And it dosnt do a martyr western type sacrifice that has religious tones, the one who died…DIDNT want to die and only barely managed to accomplish her goal. And her death didn’t mean the end of our heroes’ developments, it was an uneccessary tragic event.
But it’s correct to equivocate Islamic Terrorism with Western Fascism
So marxists that arent very marxist
Uhhh... it's dialectical materialism, which is incredibly Marxist.
Not very material
How?
The Frankfurt School examined how culture was produced by the culture industry, as well as how culture was commodified.
If economic relations are not material, then I'm not sure what you think Marx meant by material relations.
After identifying the economic basis for mass culture, the Frankfurt School looked at its ideological function. Again, very Marxist.
The Frankfurt School were not pure Marxists. They instead took influence from Marx, as well as Freud, Nietzsche, Weber, Hegel, Kant, etc.
@NACHOXXX4