How mRNA Vaccines work - Pfizer/Biontech, Moderna and co.
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- Опубліковано 20 лип 2024
- Hey Friends,
You should have heard about Biontech/Pfizer or Moderna? Maybe you are already vaccinated. SARS-Cov-2 / Covid-19 brought a new technology into the spotlight.
Now everyone talks about the new era of mRNA vaccines. But how do they work in our body? What is so special about the RNA molecule? This animation shows how mRNA vaccines work.
References:
www.nature.com/articles/nrd.2... www.sciencedirect.com/science...
If you want to have a detailed lecture about the new COVID-19 vaccines: • COVID-19 Vaccines: MOD...
Antigen Rapid Tests: • How SARS-CoV2 Antigen ...
Cheers
Henrik - Наука та технологія
Im glad you shown the spike antigen being displayed on the cell surface and released, why do other videos not show this?
Dear Henrik, thank you for all your videos, they are absolutely great.
I would like to ask you something, maybe you might help me understand.
Let’s assume that the mRNA reached an antigen presenting cell (such as DC or Macrophage) , and then translated by host translational machinery into spike protein and presented on MHC class 1. Let’s assume that some of the proteins were released from the by exocytosis and taken up by other APC , internalised, degraded and presented on MHC class 2 (and also by class 1 by process of cross presentation).
My question is as follows:
What stimulated these innate immune cells? Obviously the protein it self did not, because it’s just a protein (the innate immune cells don’t really recognise a protein to be foreign, they only recognise molecular patterns).
What was the molecular pattern that triggered an immune response, such that would activate the APCs to express important cytokines and co-stimulatory ligands as well as important chemokines receptors , that would then lead them to activate the adaptive immune cells(T-cells) in the nearby lymph nodes?
Hi, I am totally guessing but here goes:
The antigen is presented on MHC class I, then it is recognized by cytotoxic T cells (who's job is to recognize anything out of the ordinary that's present on MHC I).
This activates the cytotoxic T cell and maybe - here's the guessing part - the Tc cell releases signals that also affect other immune cells like dendritic and macrophages? That way they know to take up the free floating antigen and mount a response against it.
Please correct me if I'm wrong, I'm in no way an expert in this.. just a bio student.
First! Great vid
T cells don't recognize conformational epitopes, 2:30 this would be incorrect
A scholarship
Would not be so bad
Especially in Australia...
Nevermind me
Any idea why an adjuvant is not necessary while administering this mRNA vaccine?
To my understanding the lipid nanoparticles are considered adjuvants. The papers I read, did agree. Both Moderna and Pfizer\Biontech use the LNPs as adjuvants. If you want to have details... This paper helps out quite well:
Chung, Y. H., Beiss, V., Fiering, S. N., & Steinmetz, N. F. (2020). COVID-19 Vaccine Frontrunners and Their Nanotechnology Design. ACS nano, 14(10), 12522-12537. doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c07197
@@henrikslab Very interesting reference. Thank you.
We’re can I receive this Vaccine
Hope you didn't because it seemed like it got transported to different places in the body and even crossed blood brain barrier and caused brain stroke
People died