An interesting point I once saw about this is that even assuming earth life did in fact originate on earth and did not come from somewhere else, rocks containing life from earth have probably gotten around the solar system as a result of asteroid impacts and similar. As such, its conceivable that we might one day discover bacteria somewhere else in the solar system descended from earth bacteria.
There was a research trying to find out what happened to simple amino acids (that we know are found in comets) within a meteorite hitting the earth (they fired a capsule containing simple amino acids at very high speeds). It turns out that the product of such high speed impacts are more complex amino acids.
@@USSAnimeNCC- The "Godless heathen with a calculator" channel. How many ways can one assume that life has no purpose, and draw endless conclusions thereof?
Aurex these videos are hardly enough. Humans need to start finding their destiny and designing the future to be better, because I AM NOT going back to gulags and nukes. damn were we morons.
@@yoloswag6242 Even saying that is a good sign... It means there IS hope for humanity.... We know now, we did stupid crap, and we'll learn from history (assuming we don't forget it, that is). Cheers to the future.
Is it actually stellaris music though, it sounds a little bit off. Also I've noticed he's used very stellaris-like music before, this is not the first time for it.
considering how most people play genocidal species in the end game Stellars ... Oh and i include myself, "Driven Exterminators" is a different plays style for me, normally i just enslave and genocide to clear tha map for the next game :) ... Yeah, Stellaris, CKII, EU4, and ALOT of the other grand strategy games make for some funny stuff as you continue to ask yourself, "Am i a bad person?" just repeatedly :)
i don't play genocidal maniacs, i make use of the xeno's i subjugate... albeit arguably a worse fate... while a purifier will just kill you and be done with it, my last playthrough was xenophage barbarian despoilers, with a agrarian syncretic species. they fed themselves and i fed on them... all while being happy little proles by the end i had established a 'hive world' planet that produced over 1k food, policed by another species of very strong, nerve stapled battle thralls while my other planets had around 10% domestic slaves with +amenities traits... also had 1 or two planets of mining slave worlds, almost all of the slaves were nerve stapled aswell.
@@SuperExodian - Strangely i coudl expect a plague wiping out most of your species because it infected and wiped out your food source. I normally play a slaver race as well but wanted to go with the Machine Empire this time around.... Lets just say that the lack of a market is HARD!
Thank you Isaac for this episode. It really is what I expected from the episode and you gave the topic a good "run for its money". Really well authored, this biology topic for a physicist. The waiting for this episode was definitely worth it :-)
As always, never long enough 8). Appreciating once again an episode with limited references to past episodes (necessary for newcomers I realize) that can interrupt the immersion of information. Fine episode! Thank you.
It sure would feel very different and, dare I say, quite lovely to have a default sense of the universe as being filled with simple life. Imagine it! We only "know" about a few thousand exoplanets, but that basically has to mean that they are everywhere, likely greatly outnumbering even the stars; so, if we could find some similar evidence for life, in the form of common abiogenesis and/or panspermia mechanisms, thereby implying that life basically has to be everywhere, likely saturating every single galaxy, then... well, I suppose it would be bittersweet. As Arthur points out, this would greatly exacerbate the Fermi Paradox, sure, but, returning to my initial point, at the same time our universe would just feel so much less empty. Being the only intelligent life in a universe full of microbes is infinitely nicer than being the only life in an otherwise lifeless universe, in my opinion. ^_^
@@horrificpleasantry9474 isn't it more realistic that these were bacteria on the surface of the modules as they were launched? I can't figure out a mechanism where a gust of air can take bacterial or any microscopic particles into orbit.
Erik Walker when launching payloads the rockets have fairings to protect the satellite/module being launched. Or perhaps they could have been on the outside of astronaut’s suit when they did a spacewalk and got left being on the outside of the station.
@Red Ice Son!!! am pretty certain that Eric Walker clearly understands that space payloads are contained within fairings!!!! Do you imagine the fairing is some kind of magic barrier that prevents any thermal energy from reaching the payload !!! I love it when people ask "HOW??" and someone explains in detail .... then people who obviously have little understanding of the topic continue throwing out their own half baked ideas. You do realize there is a name for it "argument from ignorance" .... I can't understand how that works (as i don't understand the topic well enough) therefore it must be bullshit or, as in this case there must be another explanation for it so i will just keep throwing out half baked bullshit in hope of hitting it by accident. LMFAO
@@Blowfeld20k This is a total valid criticism, no need to be so upset. As for the question of how the microbes got to the ISS: probably through us "Wherever humans go microbes will surely follow, and the Space Station is no exception." science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2000/ast26nov_1/
@Blowfeld20k according to the Falcon 9 Payload User Guide the maximum payload fairing temperature is around 93 degrees and that is only for a few minutes during launch. The temperature of the payload inside would be lower since it would take time for the heat to transfer, so some microorganisms may be able to survive that. If conditions were similar during ISS launches then that could explain some of the microorganisms. It could also be Brownian motion through the atmosphere. Presumably NASA did a study on it which I haven’t seen.
Another angle to panspermia that I have never read or heard mentioned, and therefore I might get to name it The Watkins Hypothesis, is stellar close-passings. Stars orbit around the galactic core in pretty chaotic ways, with some planets on more circular orbits, some more elliptical. Enough mass is contained close to the galactic plane to generate significant gravity, and so, many stars, such as the Sun itself, oscillate vertically, up and down, crossing the galactic plane as they move around the galactic core (every 250 million years for the Sun). All this chaos results in frequent events of stars passing close to each other. A really close pass can sling-shot the two stars, after a sharp turn, where one star might get sent towards the galactic core, and the other one thrown outwards. Both stars, in such an event, might end up orbiting the galactic core in stretched elliptical orbits, from then on. Close passes at distances comparable to the distance between the Sun and Jupiter would have much more subtle effects on the stars' orbits, but would result in thousands of years of comets and meteoric bombardments of their planets, if any, due to disruptions of planetary orbits, asteroid belts and oort clouds, if any are present (most likely yes). Advanced civilizations (of roughly modern human level of science and technology) inhabiting planets around stars involved in close passes, would probably realize what is about to happen to them with several hundred years notice at least, and be able to prepare for the event, and to try to ensure their own survival by building, and moving into, hundreds, or even thousands of self-sufficient space habitats, possibly having means of propulsion; so as to ride over the period of meteoric bombardment following the stellar close pass. During the two stars' closest approach, if an inhabitable planet is seen orbiting the other star, and if after visiting it it is indeed confirmed habitable, some of the habitats' populations might vote or choose to switch over to the new planet, following the other star. They'd be bringing with them not only human genes but the genes of all the plants they grow for food in the habitat, and likely would have also seed libraries that they assembled so as to be able to restore their own planet's biota in case a mass extinction resulted. They'd now use these seeds to create a bio-system, or to complement an existing biosphere in their new home planet. Due to the relatively short distance between the stars during the close pass, the trip could take only a few years, or a few decades, as opposed to thousands of years of space travel needed to reach "nearby stars", as for example, within 20 light-year's distance. The niche that this "Watkins Hypothesis" occupies is one that can support panspermia, and even humanoid panspermia, without requiring the possibility of faster than light travel. Additionally, it would help to answer Fermi's Paradox by saying "They are not here because they cannot travel faster than light; but they ARE here, in our genes."
Another great episode Isaac. I’ve always found panspermia to be troubling in that, as you said, it doesn’t answer the big question of abiogenesis. If however, abiogenesis occurred in the earlier “bathtub” era, it bodes well for life being ubiquitous throughout the universe. For some reason, I find that comforting. It could also be that life will arise anytime that the conditions are right and last long enough. A question we may answer shortly by examining the subsurface oceans of the ice moons in our own solar system... I can’t wait...
I picture a Blood Elf hunched over a laptop in World of Warcraft. Like, why isn't he out on a raid? Oh, because it's Arthursday. That reminds me, why haven't I scene a monstrous paperclip optimizer reeking havoc in online gaming? Someone needs to code that s***!
@@airwolfguy Paperclip Apocalypse: Like Katamari Damacy but with the grey goo of paper clips. your goal is to destroy society to get a higher paperclip score. Then we can train an ai how to play it, and release it in the real world :D
Tidal pools and thermal vents alone will not "create" life, there are components which need UV to couple them, of which can be used and integrated into the nexts steps for which life can occur. This extends the definition for which life (of our kind on Earth) has happened. Some of these components would need to have occurred in an early atmosphere, before life evolved, in order to make the circumstances possible to begin with.
Look why would we want to contact Aliens? Eh? Whats the point? I mean we can't even get along with the aliens across the bordar so why the hell would we want to contact stinky bug eyed monsters who could rape or marry your daughter? Tell me?
What are the odds that as I think about this, Mr Arthur has just recently presented a lecture on the topic. My most trusted source for all things that I will not live to see
Love these videos Isaac. listen to them at night too when we are chilling out and settling down, you have a fantastic way of explaining things, i can definatly image what you are speaking about. Peace Out mark
Hey Isaac, I’m a Christian and I can say that most of us love your channel. I love your common sense approach to all the cosmological questions that all humans ask themselves. I especially like your approach to the Fermi paradox. I think your logic seems unbiased and unassailable, at least to someone of my skill. My Question is why do people assume that Christians like myself deliberately deceive themselves in matters of Cosmological consequence? I can’t speak for everyone but I believe what I do about the universe because of my own study of science, morality, and logic leads me to those conclusions. It’s possible that I’m deceiving myself in some unconscious way but I don’t think I am. Why can’t people who believe in God, and those that don’t have an honest and non adversarial diologue without assuming that the opposite party is coming from a place of dishonesty? I’m well aware that I probably sound pretentious right now. I’ve been drinking.
@Blaine DeYoung Yes, I believe there is a reason many of us are so drawn to, and feel so "at home", at the sight, sounds, and aroma of oceanside! It sure works for me!
I sure hope that various mechanisms for Abiogenesis will come to light soon. It will help to shut up the Creationists who don't believe in Evolution. I'm sick of saying the same things over and over to brainwashed, willfully ignorant, dishonest idiots.
@@TheOne-er7nk naah, all that and other things, like eating, drinking, and breathing, all being done through the same hole, just point to there very likely being no god.
Your videos are motivating me to write some sci-fi/psychology novel. Maybe book, maybe even trilogy. Don't know yet, I have only few points for now, but important is, that you are awakening creativity of mine mind to another levels and I thank you for that.
Thought experiment, What would complex life be like that formed during the epoch of the universe? How would a creature behave that was born in the vacuum of space? From an era where space is its habitat. And even though miniscule chance, what would a sentient being or civilization look like?
I keep seeing an ad for Neil DeGrasse Tyson's Master Class before videos such as this 1 & I gotta comment on it...seeing as idk how to do so directly to the ad, I'm doing so here instead. In the ad NDT says "...One of the great challenges in this world is knowing enough about a subject to think you're right and _not_ enough to know you're wrong..." Idk about the rest of y'all but this great challenge has always come naturally to me. My challenge has always been learning enough about the subject to not only know I was wrong but also understand _why_ I was wrong. Seems to me what NDT is describing is the Dunning-Kruger (sp?) Effect...which seems to come naturally to most people, in my experience.
Holy shit, thank you for finally actually detailing when the bathwater epoch was. I literally spent hours trying to get a number from google to no avail. Plenty of information on what ti was like, not one single source i found nailed it down to a specific time frame.
One issue; you keep conflating "spontaneous generation" with "abiogenesis" which are two entirely different things, and frustratingly the confusion is frequently used by creationist apologists, so please keep the distinction clear: Spontaneous generation is the idea of complex life appearing due to some intrinsic "life energy" (such as flies appearing on rotting meat), a theory disproved centuries ago, while abiogenesis is the idea of simple chemicals combining in some sort of "primordial soup" to form the first proto-life.
Brilliant Isaac, not sure which I like best your incredible mind or your accent. You should do the BBC News and the Shipping Forecast. Seriously it's your mind - thanks man.
Interesting video as always. I love how I've read on these topics discussed regularly here a lot myself since I was a kid yet I still learn something new here everyday. It's great. :)
I used to be a huge proponent of panspermia, until I learned more about “white smokers”, or alkaline hydrothermal vents, which provides a perfect environment for abiogenesis to occur without the issue of placing the origin of life somewhere else. A great book to read is “The Vital Question: Energy, Evolution, & the Origin of Complex Life” by Nick Lane.
I'm not, Earth could just as easily have tide pools where life developed. And like Isaac already said, we can trace our lineage back to micro organisms. Why make it more complicated then then you have to? Sure it's POSSIBLE, but that doesn't make it true. And we can never truly be sure regardless, baring the ability to time travel back that time.
Isaac, Did you read Richard Dawkins' 1976 "The Selfish Gene" (which should be read "almost as though it were science fiction") He' massively influenced biology but was also a huge scifi fan. He was clearly influenced by Fred Hoyle's "The Black Cloud"
IIRC -- in addition to geothermal vents and tidal pools, there's also a hypothesis that abiogenesis occured in freshwater ponds that evaporated and rehydrated cyclically.
Not so directly related to this video, but with a fair number I end up thinking "What about First and Last Men?" For example, with hiveminds, a compelling idea is that members of a civilization (at least the ones on/near the same planet) operate as individuals most of the time, form small hiveminds occasionally for fun/community/solve biggish issues, and very occasionally form a giant hivemind to tackle the big questions. When the big hivemind breaks back into individuals, they are left with altered intuitions, morals, and goals which they don't completely understand... Anyway, that book by Olaf Stapledon is chock full of interesting ideas IMO. Also cool that it was written just after WWI, so a classic classic.
Yup, they've found C-12 (life-preferred carbon) inside 4.1 billion years old diamonds, but multicellular life only about 0.6 billion years old, this supports your idea. Other stuff too I presume, but it's 2 am so I'm even more slow than normal at the moment :)
Might try looking up the Red Rain in Kerala as one of those interesting cases for possible panspermia. Possible causes have been cited such as algae (which is a consensus) but they never conclusively proved what the red cells actually were.
I'd love to be able to do that episode too, it's been on the drawing board since the dawn of the channel, but general attempts to make a serious discussion of it tend to be either too hand-wavey and vague or end with 'almost certainly carbon only'
@Isaac Arthur Hey really enjoy your videos, just wanted to ask you to change the resolution to 4k, 1440p, 1080p & 720p instead of 1080p @60Hz! I dont think that you videos need 60Hz at all but a better resolution & bit rate may be widely welcome!
Humans are basically star nuggets. Thousands of stars died which gave the carbon we are made of. Like a chicken nugget is formed from protein from hundreds of grinded chickens to make a delicious nugget. Damn I'm high :p
@@ganjafi59 “The cosmos is within us. We are made of star-stuff. We are a way for the universe to know itself.” Sometimes misquoted as "We are stardust", probably by the influence of the Joni Mitchell song "Woodstock", later covered by Crosby, Stills, Nash, and Young and also by Matthews Southern Comfort expressing a similar idea earlier: We are stardust. Billion year old carbon. We are golden.. Caught in the devil's bargain And we've got to get ourselves back to the garden.
About comets and such surface-area, it's actually far greater compared to large bodies (planets) since smaller ones don't usually have enough mass to change shape to round and are often porous. Also I see no problem for life to use more niches there (like middle of large comet instead of only surface even if it started on surface) since it has done it in Earth too. Deepest mines in South Africa have life, as every place you can imagine, even our waste nuclear fuel is being used as food by some microbes. Visuals getting so much better all the time !
An interesting point I once saw about this is that even assuming earth life did in fact originate on earth and did not come from somewhere else, rocks containing life from earth have probably gotten around the solar system as a result of asteroid impacts and similar. As such, its conceivable that we might one day discover bacteria somewhere else in the solar system descended from earth bacteria.
There was a research trying to find out what happened to simple amino acids (that we know are found in comets) within a meteorite hitting the earth (they fired a capsule containing simple amino acids at very high speeds). It turns out that the product of such high speed impacts are more complex amino acids.
It’s incredible how you always come up with such interesting topics every week. Have a happy Arthursday
That was make this channel amazing
@@USSAnimeNCC- The "Godless heathen with a calculator" channel. How many ways can one assume that life has no purpose, and draw endless conclusions thereof?
This particular video inspired me to post my "Primordial Particle System - the trailer" video!
@@CandidDate Must be interesting to you since you've commented 22 times on this channel
I truly hope we'll get answers in our lifetimes. In the meantime, your videos are more than enough to fill the empty, "quiet" space surrounding us.
Aurex these videos are hardly enough. Humans need to start finding their destiny and designing the future to be better, because I AM NOT going back to gulags and nukes. damn were we morons.
@@yoloswag6242 Even saying that is a good sign... It means there IS hope for humanity.... We know now, we did stupid crap, and we'll learn from history (assuming we don't forget it, that is). Cheers to the future.
Love your videos about the Fermi Paradox!
Just noticed the Stellaris music in the intro, awesome!
Is it actually stellaris music though, it sounds a little bit off. Also I've noticed he's used very stellaris-like music before, this is not the first time for it.
considering how most people play genocidal species in the end game Stellars ...
Oh and i include myself, "Driven Exterminators" is a different plays style for me, normally i just enslave and genocide to clear tha map for the next game :)
... Yeah, Stellaris, CKII, EU4, and ALOT of the other grand strategy games make for some funny stuff as you continue to ask yourself, "Am i a bad person?" just repeatedly :)
Niskirin it is; check the description .
i don't play genocidal maniacs, i make use of the xeno's i subjugate... albeit arguably a worse fate... while a purifier will just kill you and be done with it, my last playthrough was xenophage barbarian despoilers, with a agrarian syncretic species. they fed themselves and i fed on them... all while being happy little proles
by the end i had established a 'hive world' planet that produced over 1k food, policed by another species of very strong, nerve stapled battle thralls while my other planets had around 10% domestic slaves with +amenities traits...
also had 1 or two planets of mining slave worlds, almost all of the slaves were nerve stapled aswell.
@@SuperExodian - Strangely i coudl expect a plague wiping out most of your species because it infected and wiped out your food source.
I normally play a slaver race as well but wanted to go with the Machine Empire this time around....
Lets just say that the lack of a market is HARD!
"things were warm and tight" is a good starting point for the origin of life? :D
u deserve more likes
and wet. water is important, too!
@@podlodialgilap3490 Wow, I'm surprised I got so many, lol
You're on a slippery slope there.
@@ofthecaribbean ever heard of subtlety ?
Thank you Isaac for this episode. It really is what I expected from the episode and you gave the topic a good "run for its money". Really well authored, this biology topic for a physicist. The waiting for this episode was definitely worth it :-)
I'm always blown away by your excellent work, my thanks go out to your entire team.
I am very glad to hear that you pronounce the word “niche“ correctly. So many knowledgable people who should know better completely miss pronounce it
You know what is great about this channel?
It will never run out of content to present/discuss
As always, never long enough 8). Appreciating once again an episode with limited references to past episodes (necessary for newcomers I realize) that can interrupt the immersion of information. Fine episode! Thank you.
It sure would feel very different and, dare I say, quite lovely to have a default sense of the universe as being filled with simple life. Imagine it! We only "know" about a few thousand exoplanets, but that basically has to mean that they are everywhere, likely greatly outnumbering even the stars; so, if we could find some similar evidence for life, in the form of common abiogenesis and/or panspermia mechanisms, thereby implying that life basically has to be everywhere, likely saturating every single galaxy, then... well, I suppose it would be bittersweet. As Arthur points out, this would greatly exacerbate the Fermi Paradox, sure, but, returning to my initial point, at the same time our universe would just feel so much less empty. Being the only intelligent life in a universe full of microbes is infinitely nicer than being the only life in an otherwise lifeless universe, in my opinion. ^_^
Thank you for finally addressing abiogenesis!
Earliest I've ever been to an Issac Arthur video. Happy Arthursday!
Happy Arthursday everybody!
Awthuw Day
@@conanthebrobarian6484 Haha perf!! Seriously though...
Best narrator since Sagan!!!
there is no "Arthursday" in the official Webster dictionary you cock
more like Arthuelsday
" we found microorganisms on the surface of the International space station that floated up there." (17:56). How the hell did that happen?
@@horrificpleasantry9474 isn't it more realistic that these were bacteria on the surface of the modules as they were launched? I can't figure out a mechanism where a gust of air can take bacterial or any microscopic particles into orbit.
Erik Walker when launching payloads the rockets have fairings to protect the satellite/module being launched. Or perhaps they could have been on the outside of astronaut’s suit when they did a spacewalk and got left being on the outside of the station.
@Red Ice
Son!!! am pretty certain that Eric Walker clearly understands that space payloads are contained within fairings!!!!
Do you imagine the fairing is some kind of magic barrier that prevents any thermal energy from reaching the payload !!!
I love it when people ask "HOW??" and someone explains in detail .... then people who obviously have little understanding of the topic continue throwing out their own half baked ideas.
You do realize there is a name for it "argument from ignorance" .... I can't understand how that works (as i don't understand the topic well enough) therefore it must be bullshit or, as in this case there must be another explanation for it so i will just keep throwing out half baked bullshit in hope of hitting it by accident. LMFAO
@@Blowfeld20k This is a total valid criticism, no need to be so upset.
As for the question of how the microbes got to the ISS: probably through us
"Wherever humans go microbes will surely follow, and the Space Station is no exception."
science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2000/ast26nov_1/
@Blowfeld20k according to the Falcon 9 Payload User Guide the maximum payload fairing temperature is around 93 degrees and that is only for a few minutes during launch. The temperature of the payload inside would be lower since it would take time for the heat to transfer, so some microorganisms may be able to survive that. If conditions were similar during ISS launches then that could explain some of the microorganisms. It could also be Brownian motion through the atmosphere. Presumably NASA did a study on it which I haven’t seen.
Another angle to panspermia that I have never read or heard mentioned, and therefore I might get to name it The Watkins Hypothesis, is stellar close-passings. Stars orbit around the galactic core in pretty chaotic ways, with some planets on more circular orbits, some more elliptical. Enough mass is contained close to the galactic plane to generate significant gravity, and so, many stars, such as the Sun itself, oscillate vertically, up and down, crossing the galactic plane as they move around the galactic core (every 250 million years for the Sun). All this chaos results in frequent events of stars passing close to each other. A really close pass can sling-shot the two stars, after a sharp turn, where one star might get sent towards the galactic core, and the other one thrown outwards. Both stars, in such an event, might end up orbiting the galactic core in stretched elliptical orbits, from then on. Close passes at distances comparable to the distance between the Sun and Jupiter would have much more subtle effects on the stars' orbits, but would result in thousands of years of comets and meteoric bombardments of their planets, if any, due to disruptions of planetary orbits, asteroid belts and oort clouds, if any are present (most likely yes).
Advanced civilizations (of roughly modern human level of science and technology) inhabiting planets around stars involved in close passes, would probably realize what is about to happen to them with several hundred years notice at least, and be able to prepare for the event, and to try to ensure their own survival by building, and moving into, hundreds, or even thousands of self-sufficient space habitats, possibly having means of propulsion; so as to ride over the period of meteoric bombardment following the stellar close pass.
During the two stars' closest approach, if an inhabitable planet is seen orbiting the other star, and if after visiting it it is indeed confirmed habitable, some of the habitats' populations might vote or choose to switch over to the new planet, following the other star. They'd be bringing with them not only human genes but the genes of all the plants they grow for food in the habitat, and likely would have also seed libraries that they assembled so as to be able to restore their own planet's biota in case a mass extinction resulted. They'd now use these seeds to create a bio-system, or to complement an existing biosphere in their new home planet. Due to the relatively short distance between the stars during the close pass, the trip could take only a few years, or a few decades, as opposed to thousands of years of space travel needed to reach "nearby stars", as for example, within 20 light-year's distance.
The niche that this "Watkins Hypothesis" occupies is one that can support panspermia, and even humanoid panspermia, without requiring the possibility of faster than light travel. Additionally, it would help to answer Fermi's Paradox by saying "They are not here because they cannot travel faster than light; but they ARE here, in our genes."
My day improved three hours earlier than expected. Thanks Isaac!
Love the guitar rift at around 19:00-20:00minutes as you’re throwing out information left and right.
I love these videos! Keep up the great work Isaac, your content rocks!
I've got my notification bell on!
You and me both!
Another great episode Isaac. I’ve always found panspermia to be troubling in that, as you said, it doesn’t answer the big question of abiogenesis. If however, abiogenesis occurred in the earlier “bathtub” era, it bodes well for life being ubiquitous throughout the universe. For some reason, I find that comforting. It could also be that life will arise anytime that the conditions are right and last long enough. A question we may answer shortly by examining the subsurface oceans of the ice moons in our own solar system... I can’t wait...
I always gain +5 intelligence watching Issac Arthur videos
Edit: make that +8
I picture a Blood Elf hunched over a laptop in World of Warcraft. Like, why isn't he out on a raid? Oh, because it's Arthursday. That reminds me, why haven't I scene a monstrous paperclip optimizer reeking havoc in online gaming? Someone needs to code that s***!
@@airwolfguy Paperclip Apocalypse: Like Katamari Damacy but with the grey goo of paper clips. your goal is to destroy society to get a higher paperclip score. Then we can train an ai how to play it, and release it in the real world :D
It's always temporary though.
the effect wears off as soon as I watch commercial TV.
Would be interessting if, when we look at life deep, deep deep underground on earth and found life not related to our own.
That would be so interesting!
Ah Arthursday, when you come home from work to a nice new episode of SFIA.
Tidal pools and thermal vents alone will not "create" life, there are components which need UV to couple them, of which can be used and integrated into the nexts steps for which life can occur. This extends the definition for which life (of our kind on Earth) has happened. Some of these components would need to have occurred in an early atmosphere, before life evolved, in order to make the circumstances possible to begin with.
Look why would we want to contact Aliens? Eh? Whats the point? I mean we can't even get along with the aliens across the bordar so why the hell would we want to contact stinky bug eyed monsters who could rape or marry your daughter? Tell me?
What are the odds that as I think about this, Mr Arthur has just recently presented a lecture on the topic. My most trusted source for all things that I will not live to see
Thank you for finally illustrating something my spreadsheets told me long ago :)
good stuff, as always!
Dr. Robert Zubrin talks a lot about this in books like, Mars on Earth. It's incredibly interesting stuff.
"Life, uh, finds a way"
No, it doesn't. That's the whole point of fermi paradox.
no it Uh doesn't.
@@leoclub626 Life isn't a ladder.
Life finds a way... until it doesn’t, and then it stops being life.
Stellaris intro theme?
>Description
>Music:
>Paradox Interactive, Andreas Waldetoft, "Stellaris: Leviathans - The Titan"
@@bottlekruiser yep, kudos
Do you think Isaac plays Stellaris?
Aspec collab when? :P
@@StarboyXL9 that would make my year
Months have gone by without hearing your unique voice! Nice I’m ready for sleeo now. Oh yeah I’m stoned🥴
Love these videos Isaac.
listen to them at night too when we are chilling out and settling down, you have a fantastic way of explaining things, i can definatly image what you are speaking about.
Peace Out
mark
PERFECT segue into the ad read.
Been binging these videos for weeks
Thanks for uploading, Isaac.
"Creating the soil in which the seed of life could originate" - nice.
I thumbs up this just for the intro - my gosh, the sound of that camaro!
Thank you for all your videos!
definitely stellaris music, I thought my game sound in the background was louder than usual, but it was just the video
At 5:00 there's a minor typo in the captions where it says" mattters" with an extra t. Great video and production value as always.
thanks!
Hey Isaac, I’m a Christian and I can say that most of us love your channel. I love your common sense approach to all the cosmological questions that all humans ask themselves. I especially like your approach to the Fermi paradox. I think your logic seems unbiased and unassailable, at least to someone of my skill. My Question is why do people assume that Christians like myself deliberately deceive themselves in matters of Cosmological consequence? I can’t speak for everyone but I believe what I do about the universe because of my own study of science, morality, and logic leads me to those conclusions. It’s possible that I’m deceiving myself in some unconscious way but I don’t think I am. Why can’t people who believe in God, and those that don’t have an honest and non adversarial diologue without assuming that the opposite party is coming from a place of dishonesty? I’m well aware that I probably sound pretentious right now. I’ve been drinking.
Excellent episode! Thanks Arthur, you're the best
Yay! I Love that you've been using Stellaris OST in your videos recently. The music in that game is really top notch.
This was really fascinating.
Great graphics, animation & video throughout
Happy Arthursday!
I wonder if we'll ever get a clear insight into the origins of life :)
@Blaine DeYoung Yes, I believe there is a reason many of us are so drawn to, and feel so "at home", at the sight, sounds, and aroma of oceanside! It sure works for me!
@@TheOne-er7nk
Monotremes go one further, which is strange, as echidnas have 4 pronged cocks.
I sure hope that various mechanisms for Abiogenesis will come to light soon.
It will help to shut up the Creationists who don't believe in Evolution. I'm sick of saying the same things over and over to brainwashed, willfully ignorant, dishonest idiots.
@@TheOne-er7nk naah, all that and other things, like eating, drinking, and breathing, all being done through the same hole, just point to there very likely being no god.
Your videos are motivating me to write some sci-fi/psychology novel. Maybe book, maybe even trilogy. Don't know yet, I have only few points for now, but important is, that you are awakening creativity of mine mind to another levels and I thank you for that.
Aaaaaahahahaaaaaaaaahaaaaaa browski
Had to wait all day for this one but worth the wait.
Thought experiment, What would complex life be like that formed during the epoch of the universe? How would a creature behave that was born in the vacuum of space? From an era where space is its habitat. And even though miniscule chance, what would a sentient being or civilization look like?
I keep seeing an ad for Neil DeGrasse Tyson's Master Class before videos such as this 1 & I gotta comment on it...seeing as idk how to do so directly to the ad, I'm doing so here instead.
In the ad NDT says "...One of the great challenges in this world is knowing enough about a subject to think you're right and _not_ enough to know you're wrong..."
Idk about the rest of y'all but this great challenge has always come naturally to me.
My challenge has always been learning enough about the subject to not only know I was wrong but also understand _why_ I was wrong.
Seems to me what NDT is describing is the Dunning-Kruger (sp?) Effect...which seems to come naturally to most people, in my experience.
Holy shit, thank you for finally actually detailing when the bathwater epoch was. I literally spent hours trying to get a number from google to no avail. Plenty of information on what ti was like, not one single source i found nailed it down to a specific time frame.
One issue; you keep conflating "spontaneous generation" with "abiogenesis" which are two entirely different things, and frustratingly the confusion is frequently used by creationist apologists, so please keep the distinction clear: Spontaneous generation is the idea of complex life appearing due to some intrinsic "life energy" (such as flies appearing on rotting meat), a theory disproved centuries ago, while abiogenesis is the idea of simple chemicals combining in some sort of "primordial soup" to form the first proto-life.
Isaac Thursday yes!!!!!!!
Terrific, very interesting video. Thanks.
Hello @IsaacArthur , I know you mentioned it years ago in your older videos but what are your Academic/ Professional qualifications?
see the 100k special
Can't wait for Ferbuari!
Happy Arthursday ! Day saved, check! 😊
Brilliant Isaac, not sure which I like best your incredible mind or your accent. You should do the BBC News and the Shipping Forecast. Seriously it's your mind - thanks man.
Another incredibly interesting video. Thank you Isaac. 😃 👌
Interesting video as always. I love how I've read on these topics discussed regularly here a lot myself since I was a kid yet I still learn something new here everyday. It's great. :)
My favorite day of the week!
I used to be a huge proponent of panspermia, until I learned more about “white smokers”, or alkaline hydrothermal vents, which provides a perfect environment for abiogenesis to occur without the issue of placing the origin of life somewhere else. A great book to read is “The Vital Question: Energy, Evolution, & the Origin of Complex Life” by Nick Lane.
Aaaaaahahahaaaaaaaaahaaaaaa browski
Love your use of Lombus' music.
Always love the idea of panspermia. Thanks to the SFIA crew.
I'm not, Earth could just as easily have tide pools where life developed.
And like Isaac already said, we can trace our lineage back to micro organisms.
Why make it more complicated then then you have to?
Sure it's POSSIBLE, but that doesn't make it true. And we can never truly be sure regardless, baring the ability to time travel back that time.
Awesome including stellaris music
Wow l really dig your channel! So glad l "scribed" keep them coming!! Sir Isaac.
Your knowledge is unprecedented sir!
I have so much respect for you
Isaac, Did you read Richard Dawkins' 1976 "The Selfish Gene" (which should be read "almost as though it were science fiction")
He' massively influenced biology but was also a huge scifi fan. He was clearly influenced by Fred Hoyle's "The Black Cloud"
Ooh Stellaris music. Good choice.
IIRC -- in addition to geothermal vents and tidal pools, there's also a hypothesis that abiogenesis occured in freshwater ponds that evaporated and rehydrated cyclically.
Fallout music, Stellaris music, man you really make the best videos.
Not so directly related to this video, but with a fair number I end up thinking "What about First and Last Men?"
For example, with hiveminds, a compelling idea is that members of a civilization (at least the ones on/near the same planet) operate as individuals most of the time, form small hiveminds occasionally for fun/community/solve biggish issues, and very occasionally form a giant hivemind to tackle the big questions. When the big hivemind breaks back into individuals, they are left with altered intuitions, morals, and goals which they don't completely understand... Anyway, that book by Olaf Stapledon is chock full of interesting ideas IMO. Also cool that it was written just after WWI, so a classic classic.
I personally like the idea of life originating in the early universe, and being everywhere, but that intelligent life is extremely rare.
Yup, they've found C-12 (life-preferred carbon) inside 4.1 billion years old diamonds, but multicellular life only about 0.6 billion years old, this supports your idea. Other stuff too I presume, but it's 2 am so I'm even more slow than normal at the moment :)
I named my matrioshka brain in Stellaris after you
WOW Isaac.....I love this topic on Aliens more than anything else....Aliens and future Humanity
LLoving the stellaris music. Feels like it was made for you aswell as the game!
Might try looking up the Red Rain in Kerala as one of those interesting cases for possible panspermia. Possible causes have been cited such as algae (which is a consensus) but they never conclusively proved what the red cells actually were.
Ah yes more stellaris music!
Thanks for this awesome video. Have a great weekend too.
Love your videos
I would LOVE to see a video on possible alternative biochemistries, maybe Alternative Biochemistry Compendium or sth like that
I'd love to be able to do that episode too, it's been on the drawing board since the dawn of the channel, but general attempts to make a serious discussion of it tend to be either too hand-wavey and vague or end with 'almost certainly carbon only'
@@isaacarthurSFIA You already did 4 eps on FTL, which is much more... doubtful possibility in the context of known science
Could you maybe make an episode about who you are and your favorite books/movies/etc? Would be interesting to get a view behind the scenes
I think I gave a list Doomsday Argument or SimHyp, but I wouldn't do an episode on that
Great episode as always, but the visuals on this episode are particularly good, and really complement the material.
When you said warm and tight I almost died.
Thank you for the early Arthursday!
@Isaac Arthur Hey really enjoy your videos, just wanted to ask you to change the resolution to 4k, 1440p, 1080p & 720p instead of 1080p @60Hz! I dont think that you videos need 60Hz at all but a better resolution & bit rate may be widely welcome!
Very Stellaris intro :D
Our primary objective should be the spread of life throughout the universe.
Did you say there is an asteroid made of Valium? 15:16 lol, all jokes aside i love ALL of your content.
Humans are basically star nuggets. Thousands of stars died which gave the carbon we are made of. Like a chicken nugget is formed from protein from hundreds of grinded chickens to make a delicious nugget.
Damn I'm high :p
That is the strangest paraphrase of that Carl Sagan quote I've seen.
like a butt nugget?
laughing til I’m crying emoji
Merritt Animation what's the Sagan quote? :)
@@ganjafi59
“The cosmos is within us. We are made of star-stuff. We are a way for the universe to know itself.”
Sometimes misquoted as "We are stardust", probably by the influence of the Joni Mitchell song "Woodstock", later covered by Crosby, Stills, Nash, and Young and also by Matthews Southern Comfort expressing a similar idea earlier:
We are stardust.
Billion year old carbon.
We are golden..
Caught in the devil's bargain
And we've got to get ourselves back to the garden.
I think my Like Button is broken. I can only click it one time.
Great episode.
Great video! Thank you!
Who in the hell gives this a thumbs down? Great video Isaac!
Could you please list those "fringe" theories so we know what to kind of avoid when learning about these topics. Thanks.
Let me make sure I understand: you are saying that panspermia has nothing at all to do with masturbating into cookware
About comets and such surface-area, it's actually far greater compared to large bodies (planets) since smaller ones don't usually have enough mass to change shape to round and are often porous. Also I see no problem for life to use more niches there (like middle of large comet instead of only surface even if it started on surface) since it has done it in Earth too. Deepest mines in South Africa have life, as every place you can imagine, even our waste nuclear fuel is being used as food by some microbes.
Visuals getting so much better all the time !