The Collapse of the Soviet Union: EXPLAINED
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- Опубліковано 1 чер 2024
- How and why did the Soviet Union collapse? In this video we discuss the causes and effects of the dissolution of the USSR, starting well before Gorbachev's Perestroika. We will look at the problems within the Union, the historical problems of its foundation and the economic challenges that the Soviets tried to solve during Andropov's time and afterwards.
Sources:
Keeran, Socialism Betrayed
Zubok, The Fall of the Soviet Union
Zaslavsky, History of the Soviet System
articles and sitography:
Round, The construction of 'poverty' in post-Soviet Russia
www.macrotrends.net/countries...
Muscovites run out of bread for the first time in years, LA Times
It seems that everyone that I've heard that has mentioned the dissolution had no real idea on why the USSR actually collapsed. This is the first video I've watched that clearly explains exactly what happened and the causes for its end. Fantastic and informative video once again!
Take a look also at his Italian channel, it's amazing and many video are subbed
the war in afghanistan and chernobyl was fatal
@@antoniobuonanno7902 i find it funny that afghanistan was so fatal to the USSR. the USSR had spent billions upon billions in preparation for a big war with the united states which would have been fought on multiple fronts on land sea and air yet all of it amounted to nothing as they got beat by a bunch of rural goat herders in some mountains. the resources wasted is mind boggling.
Socialism always collapse.
@@BringbackgAmberleafns you forget all the same to say that there was a consequent support in American military armaments to the mujahideen, and financial come from the countries of the gulf and that without that they would have lost vis-a-vis has the ussr. this support was more than decisive. And Chernobyl fell as if by misfortune during the war in Afghanistan
I've heard countless takes on the fall of the USSR but I did find this one unique and interesting in its own right. Well done!
Thank you for pointing out that nations do not all start on equal footing. The world is not fair. It's not some giant meritocracy where one nation is full of geniuses, while the other is just inherently stupid and miserable just because of the people themselves. The world is much more complex than these oversimplifications. People naturally have a habit of simplifying everything for the sake of easy explanations, but ignoring all nuance often brings people to incredibly dark and destructive places.
Seems the best we can do is create an environment in which people can rise to the level of their own competence that the environment allows.
ciao Simone,
saró anche un ennesimo commentatore, ma voglio farti sapere che aprire il canale in inglese è stata la tua idea migliore dell’anno. il tuo contenuto, solo in italia, viene guardato anche da miei amici la cui homepage è musica trap e tutorial su come girarsi i cannoni.
La qualità dei tuoi video va oltre qualsiasi documentario televisivo, e aprendoti al pubblico mondiale non farai altro che espanderti e mostrare la tua arte e conoscenza al mondo.
(ps scusa se la sintassi fa schifo ma non ho voglia di rileggere)
Boris Yeltsin didn’t “support a coup against Gorbachev in 1991.” The exact opposite happened. Both Yeltsin and Gorbachev were on the same side against a coup by KGB hardliners. I’m frankly shocked how you can misrepresent history in such a manner to say that Yeltsin supported a coup again Gorbachev. Wtf?
Yeah really.
KGB hardliners who were too afraid to get rid of Yeltsin when they had a chance and asked Gorbachev whether they should make a coup in the first place?
I guess at this rate, he'll probably declare Ukraine was always Russia if the facts get twisted or ignored at this rate.
ahhhh sanders you must of been in the room to hear what yeltsin and Gorbachev said? how where you there and what did they say? are you the KFC guy?
Lol this video is garbage
I’m amazed at this video, especially because of how much was talked about Yuri Andropov despite his untimely and unfortunate death. Not enough people talk about him because (if it wasn’t already too late) he was someone who could have made huge improvements on the ussr
Leftism doesn’t work dummy
lol.
or if lenin not fucking died after several years
I could never emphasize enough how well done your reporting is. I really enjoy and appreciate the work you do.
12:07 There was 8-hours working day from 1917 (1922 for USSR). From 1960 there was (max) 42-hours working week. From 1967 there were 5-day working week.
Under Stalin the working day was 7 hours, I think.
How long is working day under Biden & what is the retiring age?
@@MalleusImperiorum with a 6-day workweek.
a weird statement anyway, isn't most people working for salary under capitalism?
I think this English version came even better than the Italian, don't ask me why. Very good job as always, keep it up!!
This is one of the best ones I've seen about the end of the Soviet Union. It was so easy to follow, for a change. They usually have way too much information that really doesn't help you to understand at all. And they never quite add up to something logical. But this video made the whole thing seem like it followed some kind of logic.
*Sad* and TRUE, Sorry.. to say: *IT* *IS* U.S., *'too'.* JUST. LIKE the, ex WW2-general and your (LAST *sane* ex-) President, Mr.Eisenhover SAID, and *warned:* 'American people..') *That* TIME: ua-cam.com/video/SEGpTu8sVKI/v-deo.html ..YES. The ' *military-industrial* *complex* was somewhat reminiscent of the “Merchants of *Death”* movement.. ' Speach of His: *“Every* gun that is made, *every* warship launched, *every* rocket fired signifies, in the final sense, *a* *THEFT* *From* *Those* who hunger and are not fed, those who are cold and are not clothed.” -President Eisenhower' (1953). So *Sad* and TRUE.. U.S. *today..* and future? ( EVEN *Worse..* ) ..JUST. *wonderin'* That: How *many* poor people LIVE in usa (..'RICHEST' *country* of world.. *today?* .. *SAD* and.. ' eu.usatoday.com/story/money/2020/12/02/cities-hit-hardest-by-extreme-poverty-in-every-state/115073018/' ..and TRUE? *Too* many..
Thanks for your hard work, the final result clearly shows the effort condensed in a very watchable video essay. Well done!
I am getting used to consistently watching your quality work and thoroughly enjoying it - keep it up this is really fantastic!
It should be understood that Gorbachev’s liberalization wasn’t just Pizza Hut. He encouraged private worker owned and managed cooperatives. They were successful. Yugoslavia already had worker owned and managed cooperatives. This was market socialism.
GHW Bush demanded a complete end to these cooperatives in Yugoslavia in order to receive a loan, and obviously the CIA lead Yeltsin government preferred neoliberalism rather than liberalism.
So the USA created the Russian oligarchy.
Also Gorbachev‘s admiration of Lenin is not such a contradiction, Lenin had a liberal policy of private enterprises that Stalin ended.
Lenin did state capitalism not liberal policies, marx stated it was a necessary step to start towards communism
Stalin wanted to move further towards communism hence turning USSR into a socialist nation.
the USA didn't create it, rather it didn't stop. Oligarchy was a primary goal of dissolution, most probably
how you have only 60k subscribers is mind boggling. this was such well explained and detailed analysis. most videos just don't explain policy or give hard data however you excelled.
This is a second channel
I'm just starting the video but I hope it mentions the Soviet military industrial complex and its detrimental effect on the Soviet economy. It's utterly baffling the amount of resources and money they put into military industry at the expense of light civilian industry, making tens of thousands of modern tanks and other armored vehicles that dwarfed the industrial capability of the US and Western Europe combined but which was completely unsustainable.
It was not, an army expendance is rarely the case of dissolution of a country
@@digge2210 Its one of the causes though
Wish a Time-traveler went back to 1914 and upgraded Russia's military and economy to Korean War tech, except nukes
Much better economy means the commoners are happy
T-34-85 tanks and MiG Jet fighters allow the Russians to curbstomp the Central Powers and prevent the Armenian Genocide
@@daddy_1453 This! Fucking this!
@@daddy_1453 Opposite, they wanted to spread revolution around the World.
This is amazing! The best, clearest and most in depth analysis about the USSR collapse I have seen. Please keep educating!
Loved your analysis and video. Keep growing!
Yes,another great video,I'm really sure that your type of videos will be more and more liked.Keep doing this great job and greetings from a latin brother(from Romania).
Excelent summary of the topic. Brilliant. Thank you!
Well written. Excellent content and very educational. Thank You very much in making this.
Well done. That was an impressively concise account of a very big subject. Thank you.
By the way, the deficit was also caused by the people's salaries growing every decade but food/ other product's prices weren't, so people started buying more and more to the point where it caused panic and people started buying even more in hopes of buying before it disappears.
This happened so much to the point where demand was so high that production couldn't even come close to the demand, and that's not even considering the factors mentioned in the video.
thats' also becouse people remebred something about straving under the URSS cough sp there was probably a trauma
This was great, thank you! Though even if this took 2 hours, I'd still watch it. Never be afraid of long-form my guy.
Found you this morning and I'm liking what you do. I'm subbing.
Tbh all your videos explain things really well
I would have found it really funny if Kazakhstan just didn't declare independence and just stayed the Soviet Union xD
I still find it strange that so many people today have no idea what life was like during the cold war. The tension, paranoia, and the omnipresent and palpable threat of nuclear destruction that hung like a dark cloud over daily life.
Brilliant historical documentary. I've subscribed for more. Thank You
Loved this report!
Seven blessings to you
Wow what a very detailed content. Thank you for this great work
I'm from a former communist country, Romania and i honestly didn't know much about the fall of the USSR itself, but i assumed it was similar to the fall of communism in my country. In our case, the economy never did spectacularly well, so as mentioned in the video, we had a national debt to western banks. The dictator Ceausescu was crazy enough to want to pay it all in just a few years at the expense of the people. Everything we produced was exported and there was literally nothing left for the people. There was no food to buy in the stores, people would line up in front of stores hours before they opened just to get the basics like milk and bread and there was often nothing left for the people in the back. Electricity was cut off a few hours a day, so we could sell more of it and so on. All in all, the people were miserable and terrorized by the secret services who listened in and manipulated people against each other.
I don’t know how life was in Eastern Europe under the influence of the USSR (GDR, Poland, Romania, Czech Republic, etc.), but life in the USSR itself was very good, especially in the 60s and 70s
@@Anonymous-qj3sf same is true for ddr as well, in fact, if i remember correctly, living standards in east Germany (ddr) actually surpassed that of the ussr by late 1985s.
@@somethingelse9228 Well eastern bloc countries like Hungary and East Germany were economically prosperous and very developed.
Even albania under hoxha developed very much mind u he electrified the whole country Healthcare was great and education was good plus women rights were also there. Though hoxhas policy of staunch isolationism failed to develop the economy more which eventually meant it was backwards than others .
Plus persecution in albania was very hardline even for a eastern bloc country.
Such good work! Amazing. Thank you.
Premium content. Clear and sharp analysis.
You have earned a new subscriber. Thank you for the 30 min of explanation.
excellent historical summary. You have earned a new subscriber :D
Thank you for this awesome video and even more awesome channel!
Love your videos, great content!
great video.. enjoyed watching this while at work on my computer.. just raw facts and the only narrative was pure facts.. well done!
cheers!
Dude, what a pro video! Pro in the content!!! Reputable sources nicely put together. Learned a lot!!! Grazie mille dal Brasile!
Oh ... let me put an ad here: When in Rome, be sure to visit Ristorante la Nuova Piazzetta at Via del Buon Consiglio, 23. I was there 7 years ago and that's how good they were - I'm still making free ads for them!
Really excellent documentary! Great work. Subbed ❤️👍😎😄
Thank you very much, you explained a lot!
I love your video about history and international affairs keep up the good work brother love your video from from Luxembourg
I am glad I found this channel and if you are taking requests. Can you make a similar video detailing how political and economical reforms in China worked.
He translates videos from his main channel which is Italian and he already made a video like that so expect it to appear in the future
Also i just noticed that his italian video has english subtitles
Really underrated and well made video
he forgets of russian repression towards other ethic groups
@@ukraineisnotrussia6810 he's talking about the collapse of the Soviet Union
@@ukraineisnotrussia6810 you forgot this is not a western propaganda.
@@deadbeef3700 Well,but there was represion towards other ethinc groups.
keep going nova lectio! i am italian and i have been following your italians version for years , however i totally prefer english as language , really glad you made a new channel with this language, keep going dont give up , at some point others will pick you up and you are gonna be able to grow to the level of others english creators. here cheering up for you! on both channels.
What do you mean that you prefer English as language?
@@aronbaron1746 yeaaa
Awesome video keep up good work
What Gorbachev had to do was reshape the internal boundaries within the USSR, then dismantle along those new borders. This way all ethnic Russians would find themselves within restored Russia, while new entities like Ukraine, and Kazakhstan would be roughly half of what they are today, ethnically compact and tension-free independent states. Now we live with the consequences of this messy break-up which inevitably led to ethnic and religious wars, unthinkable in Soviet time.
Gorbachev was a Western puppet all along. And the West doesn't like anything as much as it does wars in the third-world countries. The MIC makes money, people make soldiers. Capitalists have profits, others have a nice bedtime story about the triumph of freedom and entrepreneurship.
It is not just that, new boundries wouldn t have helped. The fact that these countries are pretty poor, due to Gorbachow, and liberalization in general. This gave rise to nationalism wich would inevitably lead to wars.
The Soviets stomped on any ethnic group it wanted. Jews, Tartars, etc. I'm pretty sure oppression counts as ethnic tension.
@@richardarriaga6271 Jewish commissars (now oligarchs) have been calling the shots in Moscow for far too long to be deemed an oppressed ethnic minority. Please check the Rotenberg brothers, among many!
Ethnic tensions and oppression are not uncommon in the so called ‘democracies’, shall I bore you with these examples: Catalans in Spain, Kurds in Turkey, the Troubles in Northern Ireland etc etc etc … The modern history of Israel, isn’t that one prolonged Ukrainian campaign in Palestine spilling out to the neighbouring countries?
But never mind, Russia is our Bogeyman. We love to hate Russia. Nothing else matters.
@@holdfast453 wtf has Ukraine got to do with Israel's crimes in Palestine?
"Central Europe depended on subsidies from Moscow"
Are you high?
East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Poland and others were mercilessly plundered by russians and then had to accept injust trades with the soviets!
Lots of that trade debt had to be repaid for years after collapse of USSR.
One of the contributing factors in the russian economic decay of 90ties was loss of those very countries, that were supplying them with quality goods (compared to what russians were able to build).
exactly, i thankfully didn't get to experience comunism but my parents did in Romania, everyone was pretty much aware that the ussr was the reason grocery store shelves were empty in Romania, not to mention all the other stuff they would plunder
no idea if thats true but
1) does the Eastern Europe had same military expenditure (or payed for it like the West?)
2) not by Russians. If anything, Russia itself subsidiesed the USSR
The USSR is like that depression commercial where they're asking if you're fine and really you're not.
VERY VERY WELL DONE!!!
This was the only video about the collapse of USSR that I could understand. Thank you
This video is going to get extremely popular
Thank you I learned a lot.
I will never forget that day. I couldn't believe what I was hearing and really thought we collectively all dodged a bullet being as the Cold War failed to get hot. Silly silly me. I just get to know my wife, my kids and my grandkids before we all die of nuclear annialation. I'm trying to figure out if that's better or worse.
very well done
“You can build a throne of bayonets, but you can't sit on it for long.”
― Boris Yeltsin
Kim family takes that challenge, but China is the real power behind the throne. They'd never have survived the 50s otherwise.
Nice and informative. Sad to see parts of the history repeating right now. Old men doing all they can to stay in power.
You failed to mention the peoples deputies that Gorb hired their main job was dumping consumer goods in a landfill thus creating food shortages , apart from that the IT sector was lacking 3-4 years behind the west USSR didnt do that bad like you said.
Nah bro, the IT sector was on par if not better than the USA, it became stagnant by the late 80s because economically the country changed towards importing from the west and not developing it's own tech.
After the collapse of the USSR many soviet scientists migrated to the US to work for companies for huge sums of money just because of how knowledgeable they where.
Take Vladimir Pentkovski as an example, who upgraded intel's chips pretty drastically and helped intel become the best on the market at the time.
@@DanzZZzYT on par or better? 😂
@@sc1338 Before gorbachevs deputies of destruction yes.
@@sc1338 Where do you think Tetris came from.
@@princesofthepower3690 😂😂
I like your videos very very good thanks for making this video 👍👌
The pasta comparison is genious. I want to go in San Gimignano again...
boris Yeltsin did not in fact stage the coup against Gorbachev, it was instead the military whom wished to bring back the Soviet Union to a more "brezhnev" era, where perestroika and Glastnost were little more than an idea. Boris Stood on that tank not to proclaim that he had defeated Gorby but that the military could not take control of the Soviet Union.
*Sad* and TRUE, Sorry.. to say: *IT* *IS* U.S., *'too'.* JUST. LIKE the, ex WW2-general and your (LAST *sane* ex-) President, Mr.Eisenhover SAID, and *warned:* 'American people..') *That* TIME: ua-cam.com/video/SEGpTu8sVKI/v-deo.html ..YES. The ' *military-industrial* *complex* was somewhat reminiscent of the “Merchants of *Death”* movement.. ' Speach of His: *“Every* gun that is made, *every* warship launched, *every* rocket fired signifies, in the final sense, *a* *THEFT* *From* *Those* who hunger and are not fed, those who are cold and are not clothed.” -President Eisenhower' (1953). So *Sad* and TRUE.. U.S. *today..* and future? ( EVEN *Worse..* ) ..JUST. *wonderin'* That: How *many* poor people LIVE in usa (..'RICHEST' *country* of world.. *today?* .. *SAD* and.. ' eu.usatoday.com/story/money/2020/12/02/cities-hit-hardest-by-extreme-poverty-in-every-state/115073018/' ..and TRUE? *Too* many..
24:01 What photo of Victoria Nuland in Kiev maded on 11 Dec 2013 did here lol?
video fantastico, in italiano e in inglese, grazie nova lectio
Un video destinato ai big numbers 🤟
Where u get your cold war map behind you? Would love to get one
Loved it.
26:30 Yeltsin didn't support the coup, but used it well.
The Uk is not a nation. It is in fact like what the Soviet Union was - a political entity made up of several countries. In Soviet case though countries eventually had the right to self determination. It is uncertain whether countries in the UK have the right to self determination.
If you look at the snp would you really let the jocks run themselves
@@philthornton1382 you seem to be confusing national elections with self determination. Self determination means the people can choose who governs their country - not their neighbours in another country. It’s not that difficult a concept to understand for most of the world apart from England. Can’t think why.
@@martinmacdonald5773 well, given the Scots rely on huge English subsidies, we’ve got every right to tell them what to do
@@philthornton1382 USA, Ireland, India, Malta…in fact every country that has gained independence from Britain has prospered. There is no evidence to suggest the same would not happen with independent Scotland or Wales. England, with high record poverty rates, might do better to focus on its own economic problems rather than lecturing other countries
Once you have McDonalds you are on your way to prosperity, now that McDonalds has left Russia it’s a sign of dark times ahead
Felice della crescita internazionale del canale
7:32 Crimean region was in Ukrainian SSR from 1954. And why the hell Soviet republics named as "Eastern block" lol?
Thanks
Damn this video is good
Neat
Could you do a video exploring the economic divide between north and south Italy?
He already did in his italian channel. You can use subtitles.
Nice
where did you get the map of Europe during the cold war from
Never realised you had an international channel as well.
Can you make a video about the Commonwealth Of Independent States please?
It’s a massive joke
How do you have such good historical knowledge on the latest Slavic events of the past 50 years?
2:16 That's two words
Bro that animated street fighter version of gorbechav has me CRYIING lmao on the floor I love it
Solid video compa. Why does Russian from far away ,sound like Portuguese ? lol! Saludos desde Califas.
@3:46 intensivity
Italian honor nova 🇮🇹🇺🇳
2:32 - bro- what is that map? :D
I think we Brazilians have a similar saying as"Mama mia Pizzaria", we say "Tudo acaba em pizza". it means something on the lines of "Everything ends in pizza,even when nothing actually happens"!
we don't say mamma mia pizzeria you racist
For the algorithm!!!!
Such a joyous occasion that was!
At 0:30, You Mispronounced Mikhail Gorbachev.
It is Not "Michail Gorbachev", it "Mikhail Gorbachev.
Bro please do a video on Rise and Fall of British India please please 🙏
Fall*
@@dharmapersona2084 my bad 😥 dictionary mode 😁
8:50 Crimean ASSR was not existing from 1945
💪🏻💪🏻
10/10
It's Pizza Hut's fault. They weren't ready for the stuffed crust. Dear God they weren't ready!
Pizza Hut: Destroyer of nations
18:47 Damn why you gotta hurt him like that.
pretty sure that lenin would have liked the destalinization part .
he didn't want stalin in charge
that's a myth lol
Well done. I was lazy to read
this is an extremely well and deep analysis, but bear in mind that almost no one knew how to make capitalistic reforms there