X Inactivation and Epigenetics (2017) Etsuko Uno wehi.tv
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- Опубліковано 7 чер 2024
- X inactivation is a vital process that occurs in all DNA-containing cells of the female body. It is also an important research model and tool for studying epigenetics. Epigenetics refers to processes that tell our cells how, and when, to read the DNA blueprint. The epigenetic regulation of DNA is critical in both normal development and disease.
X inactivation is a type of gene dosage compensation.
In humans, the sex chromosomes X and Y determine the sex of an individual - females have two X chromosomes (XX), males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). All of the genes on the Y chromosome are required in male development, while the genes on the X chromosome are needed for both male and female development.
Because females receive two X chromosomes, they inherit two copies of many of the genes that are needed for normal function. Extra copies of genes or chromosomes can affect normal development. An example is Down's syndrome, which is caused by an extra copy of part or all of chromosome 21.
In female mammals, a process called X inactivation has evolved to compensate for the extra X chromosome. In X inactivation, each cell 'switches off' one of its X chromosomes, chosen at random, to ensure the correct number of genes are expressed, and to prevent abnormal development. - Наука та технологія
This team are the best molecular biology animators of the world. Not only because the videos look great, but they pay a lot of emphasis in brownian motion, random collisions, molecular twitching and protein overcrowded cell compartments. Being the most accurate artist view of the molecular sized life process, duplicates the beauty. Congrats!
These animations are easily the best media productions in the history of the universe. [tear drop]
fact
if we ever meet aliens, this is what they need to see first!
I love the sound effects.
Splat!
the frightening sounds make the video more interesting for me :)
The X inactivation is FAKE NEWS.
@@eireannsg wut
@@colejohnson4941 You can't even write proper English. No wonder you don't understand anything.
@@eireannsg Wow, you just got a lot of information out of a one word reply. Anyhow, I'm just curious as to why X inactivation is "FAKE NEWS"
Thanks everyone!
@mdoerkse We use Maya for animation and After Effects for compositing.
A los primeros 4 días después de la fecundación como se encuentran los cromosomas X provenientes del padre y de la madre ???? me podria explicar porfavor
Am pushing the like button over and over again
Drew Berry and Etsuko Uno are gods for making this kind of animations happen. The rest of the team also does great job. Thank you!
the best animation about epigenetics...
I absolutely love it! A whole lecture of epigenetics in 10 minutes. Hats down!
Fantastic video! But we have more than just epigenetics here 😃👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽
Not really. You don’t know basic stuff in epigenetics like H3K27me3, Chip-seq, DNMT and TET enzymes etc.
10 years later, still one of the best if not THE best video with regards to X-inactivation ever!
Amazing work. I can just imagine the time take to made all this thousand atoms dynamics to work for the video.
The computer did it.
The best video of epigenetic ever, no doubt!!
This is one of the best channels on UA-cam. Great information, great animation, and weird, but great sound effects as well!
This was riveting. This was included in my Epigenetic Control of Gene Expression class. Absolutely fascinating to watch. Thank you!
this is one of the best descriptions + visuals
This was absolutely amazing, with crystal clear explanation, visual and sound effects. The best educational video I have watched so far. Thank you very much!
I enjoyed the lecture.
Great animation, it helped me visualize what was going on.
This video is fraggin' awesome. Thank you so much!
How can one not be simply fascinated and intrigued by this? Outstanding video.
This is blowing my mind. I dont understand like 80% of what hes saying but in highschool these are the questions I wondered but couldnt properly ask. I wanted to see. I wanted to see what was happening. Id ask questions but the teacher would look at me like I was crazy. I love watching these videos. Life is ridiculously complicated
Excellent video, loved the combination of audio/visual effects paired with the soothing, laconic narrator .
Thank you very much! You've saved my final exam!
Your videos are so good! Thanks for your scientific and artistic effort!
Those sound effects! I love how they convey how squishy it all is in there. Thanks for these videos!
Awesome video and graphics!! great explanation! Thank you
absolutely love the narration and sound effects!thnx!:)
Thank you so much, WEHI!
hands down one of the best biology videos
Great video. Great explanation. Thank you.
i love the sound on this!
I absolutely love it. Thank you very much for this video
This is a very good clip. Great in terms of animation and explanation.
Thank you for the AWESOME video!! HELPS A LOT!!!!!!!
Love the sound track!
A really well-done video, visual and informative
this is so helpful, it clears everything!
Thank you very much....great explaining..
I'm following the playlist "Biomedical Animation by wehi.tv" and I've got to say, this is one of the most amazing and beautiful things I've ever seen. Great work.
Thank you so much! The bast animations I've seen so far...
Beautiful molecular animations!
Outstanding animation.
I love genetics and these types of videos..matter of fact I plan to present my PHD dissertation in this format.
Bravo! Oncore oncore fro Aotearoa. Thank you for your amazing knowledge
Awesome video! I think the eerie background sound and the bad ass graphics make it so engrossing.
this is the most breathtaking animation of DNA. the sounds are everything
Excellent graphics and narrative!
Love the sound effects !
Just great! Many thanks.
the sounds always really brings me into this world.
Very good explanation and a wonderful video, thank you, congratulations.
Epicgenetics.
Absolutely fantastic video!
This is just awesome
AMAZING. seriously, this is so useful. the animation is superb!!
I don't see anyone else use audio as a metaphor. The sound effects makes these videos so much more engaging and accessible. I love stuff at this level of science that is meant for a wide audience. AND ITS 11 YEARS OLD!
impresive!!!!! amazingly helpful
Amazing compilation!!
So which comes first: histone tail modifications or de-condensation (allowing TFs and histone modifying proteins to bind)?
Subscribed. Amazing stuff, but I would appreciate it if you go more into details. This is very general and I'm constantly looking for detailed descriptions.
Absolutely unbelievable.
It's like magic.
So hard to grasp that this evolved via stochastic processes.
I do wonder if human technology will ever catch up. It's just so so far ahead of us, and took such a monumental optimization process to create.
Loved the animations!
Amazing. Is there any debate about the sound effects ? I would vote for leaving them out. Thanks.
thank you for the great video
LOVE YOU GUYS!
Very helpful, Thank you.
how did scientists understand all these mechanisms which are so complex and invisible, thank you
it was really helpful thank you so much
great animation! thank you so much! :)
the animation and sound effects so scary - i forgot to actually listen to the spoken word. I LOVED IT!
Awsome collection
This is so fantastic!
Really like the voice-over style too.
Very informative. What are the sounds based on?
This makes me love science even more
Thank you so much. Very helpful (if creepy sound effects - maybe that helped the info imprint on my memory lol). At the point when the egg has both maternal and paternal X chromosomes - before methylation occurs to silence one of the Xs,: DOES Crossover occur at this point (just before the silencing)?
Great job on the 3D animation for this video.
Goosebumps!
Who created us with this detail and harmony? I'm still baffled by one cell work, can't get my head wrapped around it and yet 100 billions of cell working in harmony which makes one of us a scientist, another a thief, a lawyer, doctor, a homeless, a brocker and so on and so forth. I am going crazy by all this precise detailed engineering that generates all kinds of molecular machines and regenerate itself. WOW.
This is amaaaazing
excelent! thank you
I love this video so much
Thanks a lot, I really love the video. Can you guys make another video explain more specific how one X chromosome is inactivated
amazing video...
Subscribed - In theory, can X-linked genetic polymorphisms potentially be “inactivated” through this mechanism?
thank you :)
Thankyou for the detailed information. I liked the animation also. Can you help me solve the doubt which arised .. What happens when their is an X-linked disease in females if one of the X chromosome is inactive? We say that males are more susceptible to the X-linked diseases since they have only one X chromosome and females have another X-chromosome to overcome the defects in one X -chromosome.. So how it happens if the other X- chromosome is inactive?
Epicness at it's finest.
Wow thank youu
OMG. I'm female, and I'm a little freaked out right now. >:O
Awesome animation, though, and a great pedagogic tool.
wooow...just amazing.¡¡¡
AMAZING@!!
really wonder fulll thanks forward
thx!
I know the colors and shapes can be abstracted away to understand what is "really going on"... can those sounds be abstracted away as well?
amazing!...
It is awesome!
bonjour
Si un père ( cadet dans sa famille) qui a la calvitie et que à ses gène dans notre corps est ce que le fils est disposé à l’avoir ? Si oui y a t’il un moyen d’éviter cela ?
at one point the sound effects sounded like traffic lol but this is a great video to visualize what's happening
Impressive!
Hi WEHI, I was wondering if someone could explain this for me!
If a female has an X-linked recessive disease (say that the diseased or mutated gene was on the paternal X-chromosome), will the disease be less severe than if a male had the same disease, because half of her cells will contain active maternal X-chromosomes and inactive paternal X-chromosomes?
Yes, that's true. Males tend to experience more symptoms of the disease because they only have one X-chromosome (and thus only the mutated gene copy on this chromosome). And with many X-linked diseases, males have a higher chance of getting the disease in the first place.
One little sidenote though: Males get their X-chromosome from the mother, so there is actually no "paternal X-chromosome" in males.
+Annika Victoria Yes, that is why males are very disproportionally affected by X-linked disorders such as colourblindness and haemophilia. But indeed fathers can never pass this on to their sons, only carrier daughters.
@@ThePathOfEudaimonia what about lgbt people?
@@hugodaniel8975 Could you be more specific in your question?
@@ThePathOfEudaimonia do Barr bodies make people attracted to men? Like woman are usually attracted to men, maybe gay men or trans women have x inactivation too. Lesbians dont have barr bodies and so on
how do you make such complex video?