High Voltage Plasma In Vacuum
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- Опубліковано 8 вер 2024
- In this video I am using a 15,000 volt 30 milliamp neon sign transformer and connecting it to the electrodes on the sides of my vacuum chamber. Gap is about 7". At atmosphere nothing happens. As I pull down the vacuum you will notice a purple coronal discharge form on the terminals. As the vacuum continues to be drawn down the discharge length increases then starts to reverse itself as the vacuum deepens. Finally, I will shut off the pump and slightly open the relief value allowing the vacuum chamber to pressurize. The plasma arc starts to lengthen until it finally breaks down. (If you GOOGLE Paschen's Law, Wikipedia has a nice chart that shows what happens as you continue to deepen the vacuum [there is a point where if the vacuum gets too deep, it becomes harder to generate the arc])
I love how at 0:49 he says "Dim the lights." And then he just turns them off.
I'd be careful with a vacuum setup for widening the arc discharge. When shooting a beam of electrons through a vacuum, there is essentially no resistivity, i.e. nothing opposes the flow of electrons and no energy is dissipated. This kind of setup is capable of generating X-rays. A simple Geiger Mueller Counter will be able to tell you whether you are producing X-rays or not. Tesla made several notes on the subject, but incorrectly attributing the burns he received to ozone exposure.
Do you know if doing that with a glass container with some gas inside like the Edison bulb instead of total vacuum also emits x-rays?
Exactly as i expected
Jason-
Good question, actually the chamber is a heavy plastic. I got it at Walmart in the kitchen knick-nac section where they have glass and plastic jars. These are the ones that have the metal clamp on the lid (I took off the clamp from the jar and lid as it is not needed as the vacuum pulls the lid tight (though not perfect as I lose vacuum over 15 minutes or so)).
I drilled the sides and I used small machine bolts.
The remaining atmospheric gas in the container is converted to the 4th state of matter: Plasma. The plasma provides a circuit through the apparent vacuum; even at such small levels of plasma volume, as the demonstration shows. Some experiments also demonstrate that although the charge source is constant over its range of input, that numerous Birkeland currents form; protected from other currents by Debye sheaths; e.g., plasma balls showing many separated Birkeland currents. Currents in space ...
called plasma, which is high-energetic gas. Like each material has different melting and vaporation levels, they also have different ionisation levels and this also means, that you can't create a plasma arc in vacuum, because you need some kind of gas to load with heat energy until it ionizes and changes it's state to plasma. Hope that helps
Thanks Bruce - I was worried about the electrode material mostly with my comment, but I've *heard* (no real data out there to support it) of X-rays being knocked off with A/C too. Have you heard anything about that?
Great experiment, sir!
ARCSTREAM- Yes, the air atoms do act as a carrier. The less dense the air the greater the arc (less atoms to bump into), but only to a point. As you get a harder vacuum (even less atoms), the process quickly reverses and the arc distance diminishes quickly (GOOGLE Paschens Curve. The are some neat charts that shows this for various air pressures and gases)
Wow that is amazing!
Nice video.
Usually it is the combo of Hgih Voltage DC, hard vacuum and tungston or similar material to generate the X-rays. I haven't heard of A/C but anything is possible.
High voltage electrons impacting a heavy metal electrode, doesn't matter if it's AC or DC current as long as there is some kind of electron impact on the electrodes.
Woah Birkland currents! You can make them out when the two plasma arms touch each other.
Film again in slow motion! :-D
Looks like you didn't quite get low enough for a real glow plasma to develop. The power arc that you are showing is very hot, aren't you worried about shattering the chamber? Or is the chamber plastic?
You say "a few Torr" and that could be right, I guess, but if you want to see what kind of glow plasma you can develop with a little harder vacuum check out my AnAtmoSphere Terella videos, they are at about 30 - 50 microns or so.
Nice work, anyhow. Can you get a stronger pump?
That's not actually the problem, since in this case free electrons don't travel between atoms, but from one electrode to the other, pulled by the electric field between them. The actual reason, why current can't create a plasma arc in vacuum is that you don't actually CREATE plasma with electron current. In physics, they tell you, the're 3 states of matter, solid, fluid and gaseous and they all have different internal energy levels (also called heat or entropy) but there is actually a 4th status
ekscholl- I am using A/C (vs DC), the vacuum is maybe a few torrs (good for this demo but not hard), and I am not impacting tungston or other similar metals that would knock off X-Rays. (I have a couple of basic rad detectors (x-ray/gamma) and never picked up anything...did check once).
Bruc
Why are the sun's rays the shape they are whennits millions of miles away? Why is a toroid lines of magnetic fields the same as the ISS route on our map?❤ Love the video btw.
If you google Paschen's Law you will see a curve that shows as the as the vacuum increases it takes more and more effort to generate the arc. There is a sweet spot at low vacuum where you get maximim intensity, after which (deeper vacuum, the effect decreases.) I have a few videos out there that mentions this. I believe (but not an expert) that you can still push off electrons (Ion Thrustors) even in deep space
bruce89103 the ion thrusters actually use their own fluid (argon I think) so the thruster itself isn't exposed to the full vacuum of space. On the other hand you can cause thermionic emission to overcome the current drop by heating the electron emitting electrode.
Thanks Ray Romano
Plasma is a state of matter, so that is just electrons
sweet. that is awesome. I am assuming that high altitude static is accentuated by this effect as well. Its not a complete vacuum obviously.
Hi harpbloke- I have seen some things on youtube that didn't look safe to me, but the big issue is thinking you are doing something safe but `what you don't know will hurt/kill you'. I believe the faraday will work with just about any tesla coil. The ones I have made I don't use one, though my coils are on the opposite side of the house from my computer. I know the biggest dangers are the `primary side' high voltage and the tank caps can hold a fatal charge.
Awwww its like lightsabers they stayed a certain length to
Not sure what the difference would be, though I might slightly increase my chances of generating x-rays (not something I want to do).
Wouldn't this generate X-rays?
Lucas Foreman in theory you won't make many x Ray's unless you're over 50kv and using high density electrodes like tungsten. Not to say there couldn't be x Ray's and it's always better to err on the side of caution.
Does the temp of the air change how the arc's react? If you were to cool the air in the upper half of the container and heat the air in the lower half, would it do any thing?
Cool experiment! Have you tried filling the chamber with argon gas or similar noble gasses before vac? I'd like to see what happens :)
I am not sure if the temp makes a big difference,, mostly about the pressure
Ya, I googled it yesterday and fount it. TY.
You would probably like my Tesla videos
What is the part that is glowing? Is it the air or the electrons? I am thinking that under a vacuum the electrons (assuming the ends of the wire are close enough) should not exhibit any coloration that far away from the wires.
Nasus The Curator Of Sands the electrons never produce visible light, it's the electrons interacting with the air in the chamber.
why wont the plasma form a strait line... there is no air in there to be warmed there for cause the plasma to rise. how come?
Loco Llama the plasma IS air. If there was no air in there then there would be no glow from the electrons moving. It's not a complete vacuum.
Apparently this disproves the iss? Can some one elaborate, GOD Most High bless
Actually they were dimmed, but the Canon camera thought otherwise..lol
How much vacuum was it pulling when the beam was starting to decline?.
Hard to say as I wasn’t measuring it but I would estimate that 50% of the vacuum was gone when the arc broke apart
@@brucerose9811 thanks man appreciate it
If u were to pump in a little deuterium into the path of the plasma, would that create fusion/helium, or do you need a higher voltage, from a 3 phase source?
+John Doe
He needs both deuterium and tritium for that to happen.
And he'd need a lot higher than household voltages to heat it the plasma (to 150000000 degrees)
Wolf Edmunds that's what the neon sign transformer does, with a voltage multiplier on that same transformer he can easily make enough voltage to start a nuclear reaction. You also don't need tritium as deuterium on its own can undergo a fusion reaction. The only thing left to do would be to construct an electrode design that would direct the particles to collide with each other.
Is it plastic or glass jar? Which one you advise?
BIGGEST FAN not necessarily shrink, there are some pretty strong plastics used in vacuum systems, however at higher vacuums you get more outgassing from plastics which can mess with your experiments. The force on the plastic isn't much higher at high vacuum so distorting (shrinking as incorrectly stated before) isn't an issue here.
I'm no genius, and I may be totally wrong, but i'm sure that heat rises, not plasma/electric.
Matt Dymond heat doesn't rise, heat isn't something that can rise because heat is a measurement of differences in thermal energy. Only substances like solids, liquids, gasses, and PLASMA can rise due to changes in heat colder and more sense substances sinking below warmer and more sense substances. In a Jacobs ladder the plasma contains more heat and therefore rises above the colder and more sense gas. Both are made of air but it's because the plasma is less dense that the plasma rises.
There is this one guy who told me that in a true vacuum, electrons wouldn't be able to do that because it requires atoms as a medium to allow them to travel. I'm not trying to disprove him, he just won't give any credibility. Is it true?
Oshyrath that's true, it's the air in the chamber that is making the arc, electrons themselves don't create light like that either. There are two ways to make the electric current without any air, that's thermionic emission by heating an electrode, and field emission by using a magnetic field to push off the electrons. Both work best with a pretty high voltage though. Your old style TV with the cathode Ray tubes use thermionic emission.
how much energy is being produced here?
auomauom ~14 yottawatts
funny how it looks like the dome over flatearth
wikipedia . o r g / wiki/Cathode_ray_tube
Voltage in vacuummmmm??? Are you crazy?? Current flow in vacum produces x-ray waves.
Vacuum would not matter. X-rays are produced at electron impingement.
+Igor Staszak If he had a barrier, yes. Actually, more xrays would be produced in atmosphere(If you even have arcing in atmosphere) than in a vacuum without said barrier. And as you probably know, that is nearly nothing. It is the combination of vacuum and a barrier to crash into that creates the xrays. This happens rarely in atmosphere, and nearly never in a vacuum, but with a barrier, the vacuum gives the electrons less resistance to arc and slam into the chosen material.
Igor Staszak very little x Ray's unless you get over ~50kv with heavy metal electrodes. Always good to be cautious but it doesn't make him crazy.