I am suffering from osteomyelitis caused by Pseudomonas bacteria. It's in my calcaneus. Waiting for another surgery while on Cipro who is not working. It is bad. Really bad. I don't have diabetes but I did have radiation therapy a long time ago. I feel that phage is the only option for me but how to get it?
I remember when Bacteriophage study was just coming of age in the mid 70s in grad school! Prof talked about their potential. Great that they are now being studied for their anti bacteria properties.
Thank you all for joining us for our World Premiere today! If you enjoyed this film, make sure to join us for the premiere of our next film in the series about Electric Microbes on November 2nd at 1pm ET | 10am PT: ua-cam.com/video/cXARtgRHFsM/v-deo.html
As someone who has been to Tbilisi (Eliava) 3 times for failed treatment, I can attest that bacteria can quickly evolve (membrane) to thwart the attachment of phages and also retain antibiotic resistance. To avoid this - a cocktail of 5 or more phages that target the bacteria is needed.
Very interesting. Two questions: 1.Do these phages naturally use the pumps as a entry receptors. 2. Is there a chance that the bacteria mutate such that the pump remains active but no longer works as a phage receptor? Thanks very much in advance.
@@hans-petermuller4771 Just like how bat studies for coronaviruses was 'unlikely or impossible' to spread to humans because it used receptors humans don't have. Or 3 days ago a research lab in Guanzhou has had 3 workers die suddenly due to an infectious cancer which should not be possible as cancers are not infectious.
When antibiotics came about, it really was seen as a set of wonder drugs, and they were. Suddenly, we had this drug arsenal that we could use to prevent mortality in humans worldwide. So the problem was that we didn't anticipate that if you expose bacteria to antibiotics in a very widespread way, you're going to exert what's called selection pressure. Bacteria can evolve very, very quickly. Under the right conditions, they undergo multiple generations in a single day. So bacteria are growing and if they mutate they can evolve to be better resistant to antibiotics that they're encountering in the environment. And this is what has led to the current antibiotic resistance crisis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a very mobile bacterium, and it's exceedingly common on earth. Maybe you go swimming in a lake or even the ocean, and then suddenly you get a bacterial infection. It has many worrisome features. So it has all these little structures around the surface that look like tiny hairs, and these are called pili. And then they also have something called flagella. They're almost like a whipping tail that helps the bacteria move quickly through liquids. Worse yet, they have very efficient ways of removing antibiotics from the cell if they get in. These are called efflux pumps. Antibiotics that make it inside of that cell, these efflux pumps allow the bacteria to actively pump the antibiotics out. Over the course of a chronic infection, with a bacterium like Pseudomonas aeruginosa, this could lead to organ failure,and this can unfortunately lead to patient mortality. We're running out of options for antibiotics to use in the clinic. I really got interested in the old idea of phage therapy. So a phage is literally a virus of bacteria. Phages have been known for a long period of time. In roughly 1917, Felix Durrell, who was the discoverer of phages, he saw that there was something that was capable of killing bacteria very efficiently. So phages come in many flavors and some of the most interesting ones look almost like a lunar lander. These phages, they're kind of like predators. They'll come into a bacterial cell and make it into basically a production factory for baby phages, and then they'll explode the cell, and they'll go and infect other bacterial cells. And as I studied that, I thought, well, whoa, so it's literally possible to use phages to kill the bacteria that we're particularly worried about. So modern day phage therapy really rests upon one thing, and that is phage discovery. That means that we often go out into the natural world, to try and find the right ones. So one of our favorite phages that we discovered early on when we did phage therapy, we abbreviated it as OMKO1, and that's stood for outer membrane knockout one, it was the first phage that we discovered that was specific to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. So what we did was deploy this phage, that's going to attach to these efflux pumps, get into the bacterial cells and kill them, because that's what phages do. In order to overcome that problem, we were predicting that the bacteria should evolve, and they should evolve in a particular, predictable way. They should change so that that protein that the phages are binding to is no longer present. And if that happened, they would remove the efflux pumps in order to solve the phage problem. So they may gain phage resistance, and therefore withstand the therapy that we were deploying, but they would be suddenly vulnerable to antibiotics again because those antibiotics could not be pushed out of the cell any longer. That's the double-edged sword. We kill it in the classic sense, but we don't worry when the bacteria evolve resistance to phage attack, because it makes them automatically vulnerable to antibiotics. What does that give us in the end? Antibiotics are wonderful, but they are chemical entities. They don't change through evolution, and instead, phages have the power to do so. So this is what we're hoping to really tap into. Phages co-evolve and remain potent as killers of bacteria. And in this way, we're not only using a new approach, we're actually keeping existing drugs useful again in the clinic and in the hospital.
Love that this is a sponsored video that pops up with searching “mycoplasma pneumonia” haha. I anticipate that this video is about to become very popular. It’s going to be a rough winter.
Dear SCL. Please note that most ppl finding your valuable info are not well. The music you're using is wiping me out. The contrast between its hyper frequency and the Dr's measured voice is quite distracting.
Maybe in some instances. But scientists have found that phages already live in humans as part of our “virome” (micro biome) so to speak. Where there is bacteria, there are likely phages somewhere nearby.
So much information except the info we need . How in the hell can I get my hands on phages. My girlfriend is dying. At the rate the bacteria is growing in her she doesn't stand a chance if I don't know where to get the phages we need.
It's short for "bacteriophage" (or "bacteria-eater"), the kinds of viruses that specifically infect bacteria It is a bit silly because that means we're just calling them "eaters," but oh well-etymology often falls between the cracks of language!
@@davidbahry9092 i mean every virus eats bacteria by definition. seems like just a fancier word which implies tryna be fancy for no good reason. aw well
@@SteveHazel every virus attacks cells, but not every virus attacks bacteria! E.g. the smallpox virus only attacked human cells; different kinds of influenza viruses attack different mammal and/or bird cells; etc.
Two more films are coming in the series! Next one on Electric Microbes will premiere November 2nd. Click "Notify Me" button on this video to get an alert to join us when the time comes: ua-cam.com/video/cXARtgRHFsM/v-deo.html
@@rodrigomelendez1545 phage therapy was actually invented before antibiotics! It fell out of use in the Western world when antibiotics were discovered, but former USSR countries kept the tradition alive, especially at the Eliava Institute in Tbilisi, Georgia Fun fact: America's first Nobel Prize in Literature was for a 1925 novel about a doctor who independently discovers phage therapy ("Arrowsmith")
@@rodrigomelendez1545 i understand what he means and a few google search said this phages are being used in Soviet Union countries ie Russia and the Eastern Bloc because the west denies them antibiotics for political reasons so they use viruses these to kill bacteria in the body to cure illness and on the special occasions they are being used there
@@rodrigomelendez1545The Soviet Union and its states used to use phage therapy as a common way to treat illness until mass production antibiotics was available to them,for Georgia,though they also use antibiotics,but phage therapy is still a common method of treatment,you can even find phage paste for open wounds there
where can buy this please share sir.Im an AMR ive been taking a lots of anbiotic since august because of uti and i still have until now it keeps coming back.
Teaching resources for educators are now available! Check them out here: sciencecommunicationlab.org/science-videos/phage-therapy/
😊😊😊😊😊😊😊p😊😊😊😊😊😊😊0😊😊
I am suffering from osteomyelitis caused by Pseudomonas bacteria. It's in my calcaneus. Waiting for another surgery while on Cipro who is not working. It is bad. Really bad. I don't have diabetes but I did have radiation therapy a long time ago. I feel that phage is the only option for me but how to get it?
I remember when Bacteriophage study was just coming of age in the mid 70s in grad school! Prof talked about their potential. Great that they are now being studied for their anti bacteria properties.
Related Resources:
- Chan, B., Sistrom, M., Wertz, J. et al. Phage selection restores antibiotic sensitivity in MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sci Rep 6, 26717 (2016). doi: 10.1038/srep26717 (Link: www.nature.com/articles/srep26717)
- Kortright KE, Chan BK, Koff JL, Turner PE. Phage Therapy: A Renewed Approach to Combat Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria. Cell Host Microbe. 2019 Feb 13;25(2):219-232. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.01.014. (Link: doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2019.01.014)
Thank you all for joining us for our World Premiere today! If you enjoyed this film, make sure to join us for the premiere of our next film in the series about Electric Microbes on November 2nd at 1pm ET | 10am PT: ua-cam.com/video/cXARtgRHFsM/v-deo.html
As someone who has been to Tbilisi (Eliava) 3 times for failed treatment, I can attest that bacteria can quickly evolve (membrane) to thwart the attachment of phages and also retain antibiotic resistance. To avoid this - a cocktail of 5 or more phages that target the bacteria is needed.
Shout out to Dr. Pollenz and the sea phages program at USF!
Very interesting. Two questions:
1.Do these phages naturally use the pumps as a entry receptors.
2. Is there a chance that the bacteria mutate such that the pump remains active but no longer works as a phage receptor?
Thanks very much in advance.
Or what if phages mutate and gain the ability to infect mammalian cells?
This is extremely unlikely or impossible because the respective host cells differ in many ways.
@@bioquimica_animal There is already virus very adapted to infecting human cells ^^ Phage are too specialized into specific species of bacterias.
@@hans-petermuller4771 Just like how bat studies for coronaviruses was 'unlikely or impossible' to spread to humans because it used receptors humans don't have. Or 3 days ago a research lab in Guanzhou has had 3 workers die suddenly due to an infectious cancer which should not be possible as cancers are not infectious.
When antibiotics came about, it really was seen as a set of wonder drugs, and they were. Suddenly, we had this drug arsenal
that we could use to prevent mortality in humans worldwide. So the problem was that we didn't anticipate that if you expose bacteria to antibiotics in a very widespread way, you're going to exert what's called selection pressure.
Bacteria can evolve very, very quickly. Under the right conditions, they undergo multiple generations in a single day. So bacteria are growing and if they mutate they can evolve to be better resistant to antibiotics that they're encountering in the environment. And this is what has led to the current antibiotic resistance crisis.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a very mobile bacterium, and it's exceedingly common on earth. Maybe you go swimming in a lake or even the ocean, and then suddenly you get a bacterial infection. It has many worrisome features. So it has all these little structures around the surface that look like tiny hairs, and these are called pili. And then they also have something called flagella. They're almost like a whipping tail that helps the bacteria move quickly through liquids. Worse yet, they have very efficient ways of removing antibiotics from the cell if they get in. These are called efflux pumps. Antibiotics that make it inside of that cell, these efflux pumps allow the bacteria to actively pump the antibiotics out.
Over the course of a chronic infection, with a bacterium like Pseudomonas aeruginosa, this could lead to organ failure,and this can unfortunately lead to patient mortality.
We're running out of options for antibiotics to use in the clinic. I really got interested in the old idea of phage therapy.
So a phage is literally a virus of bacteria. Phages have been known for a long period of time. In roughly 1917, Felix Durrell, who was the discoverer of phages, he saw that there was something that was capable of killing bacteria very efficiently. So phages come in many flavors and some of the most interesting ones look almost like a lunar lander.
These phages, they're kind of like predators.
They'll come into a bacterial cell and make it into basically a production factory for baby phages, and then they'll explode the cell, and they'll go and infect other bacterial cells.
And as I studied that, I thought, well, whoa, so it's literally possible to use phages to kill the bacteria that we're particularly worried about.
So modern day phage therapy really rests upon one thing, and that is phage discovery. That means that we often go out into the natural world, to try and find the right ones.
So one of our favorite phages that we discovered early on when we did phage therapy, we abbreviated it as OMKO1, and that's stood for outer membrane knockout one, it was the first phage that we discovered that was specific to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
So what we did was deploy this phage, that's going to attach to these efflux pumps, get into the bacterial cells and kill them, because that's what phages do.
In order to overcome that problem, we were predicting that the bacteria should evolve, and they should evolve in a particular, predictable way. They should change so that that protein that the phages are binding to is no longer present. And if that happened, they would remove the efflux pumps in order to solve the phage problem. So they may gain phage resistance, and therefore withstand the therapy that we were deploying, but they would be suddenly vulnerable to antibiotics again because those antibiotics could not be pushed out of the cell any longer. That's the double-edged sword. We kill it in the classic sense, but we don't worry when the bacteria evolve resistance to phage attack, because it makes them automatically vulnerable to antibiotics.
What does that give us in the end?
Antibiotics are wonderful, but they are chemical entities. They don't change through evolution, and instead, phages have the power to do so. So this is what we're hoping to really tap into. Phages co-evolve and remain potent as killers of bacteria. And in this way, we're not only using a new approach, we're actually keeping existing drugs useful again in the clinic and in the hospital.
Love that this is a sponsored video that pops up with searching “mycoplasma pneumonia” haha. I anticipate that this video is about to become very popular.
It’s going to be a rough winter.
Dear SCL. Please note that most ppl finding your valuable info are not well. The music you're using is wiping me out. The contrast between its hyper frequency and the Dr's measured voice is quite distracting.
Use for EEE?
Problem is it will quit working the moment your body is immune system starts attacking the virus that is killing the bacteria
Prednisone
Maybe in some instances. But scientists have found that phages already live in humans as part of our “virome” (micro biome) so to speak. Where there is bacteria, there are likely phages somewhere nearby.
Can't wait to see this video!!! T___T
We can't wait for you to see it!
What are the side effects of using phages in humans?
Side effects are eliminating one specific species of bacteria from a persons body.
So far it's only a fever since the immune system might attack it after considering it as foreign.
So much information except the info we need . How in the hell can I get my hands on phages. My girlfriend is dying. At the rate the bacteria is growing in her she doesn't stand a chance if I don't know where to get the phages we need.
What happens to her? How is she?
Sir iam need phage threpy
Sir my need phage threpy
why do ya call em phages instead of viruses?
It's short for "bacteriophage" (or "bacteria-eater"), the kinds of viruses that specifically infect bacteria
It is a bit silly because that means we're just calling them "eaters," but oh well-etymology often falls between the cracks of language!
@@davidbahry9092 i mean every virus eats bacteria by definition. seems like just a fancier word which implies tryna be fancy for no good reason. aw well
@@SteveHazel every virus attacks cells, but not every virus attacks bacteria! E.g. the smallpox virus only attacked human cells; different kinds of influenza viruses attack different mammal and/or bird cells; etc.
Please upload more often 😅
Two more films are coming in the series! Next one on Electric Microbes will premiere November 2nd. Click "Notify Me" button on this video to get an alert to join us when the time comes: ua-cam.com/video/cXARtgRHFsM/v-deo.html
This is MEGA funny to pretend this is innovative when Georgia has been doing this since the 1920ies lol.
What are you talking about?
@@rodrigomelendez1545 phage therapy was actually invented before antibiotics! It fell out of use in the Western world when antibiotics were discovered, but former USSR countries kept the tradition alive, especially at the Eliava Institute in Tbilisi, Georgia
Fun fact: America's first Nobel Prize in Literature was for a 1925 novel about a doctor who independently discovers phage therapy ("Arrowsmith")
@@rodrigomelendez1545 Go on Wikipedia
@@rodrigomelendez1545 i understand what he means and a few google search said this phages are being used in Soviet Union countries ie Russia and the Eastern Bloc because the west denies them antibiotics for political reasons so they use viruses these to kill bacteria in the body to cure illness and on the special occasions they are being used there
@@rodrigomelendez1545The Soviet Union and its states used to use phage therapy as a common way to treat illness until mass production antibiotics was available to them,for Georgia,though they also use antibiotics,but phage therapy is still a common method of treatment,you can even find phage paste for open wounds there
Gc-MAF ????
Super bug fighter ginseng from tablets not from roots as you were
Does this kill the super bug
where can buy this please share sir.Im an AMR ive been taking a lots of anbiotic since august because of uti and i still have until now it keeps coming back.
Attack it from multiple vectors
💜👍