The Surinamese Military Dictatorship of Dési Bouterse and the Civil War
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- Опубліковано 22 гру 2023
- Desi Bouterse is a prominent political figure in the history of Suriname, and his time in power has been marked by significant political turmoil and human rights abuses. Here's an overview of the key events and periods associated with Desi Bouterse's rule in Suriname:
On February 25, 1980, Bouterse, then a sergeant in the Surinamese Armed Forces, led a military coup against the government of Henck Arron, who had been the Prime Minister of Suriname since its independence from the Netherlands in 1975. Bouterse and his group of military officers took control of the government, citing corruption and mismanagement as reasons for the coup. The coup marked the beginning of a period of military rule in Suriname.
After the coup, Bouterse assumed the position of de facto leader of Suriname and effectively controlled the government. His rule was characterized by authoritarianism and a lack of respect for human rights, with political opponents and activists often subjected to intimidation and violence.
One of the most infamous events during Bouterse's rule occurred on December 8, 1982, when 15 prominent opponents of the regime, including lawyers, journalists, and military officers, were arrested and subsequently executed without trial. These murders, known as the "December Murders," were widely condemned both domestically and internationally and became a symbol of the repressive nature of Bouterse's regime. Bouterse has been accused of direct involvement in these killings, though he has denied any responsibility.
The Surinamese Interior War, which began in 1986 and lasted until 1992, was a conflict primarily between Bouterse's government and rebel groups in the interior of the country. The main rebel group, known as the Jungle Commando, was led by Ronnie Brunswijk. The conflict had various complex factors, including ethnic tensions, economic disparities, and grievances among the Maroon population in the interior. The war resulted in significant casualties and displacement of people, particularly in the Maroon communities. Bouterse's government was accused of committing human rights abuses during the conflict, including the killing and displacement of civilians.
Desi Bouterse's rule in Suriname was marked by political instability, economic struggles, and a disregard for democratic norms and human rights. He served multiple terms as both a military and civilian leader over the years, and his time in power remained controversial and divisive. In the years following the end of the Interior War, Suriname has made efforts to transition to a more democratic and stable government.
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SOURCES
- Geschiedenis van Suriname. Van stam tot staat (Eveline Bakker, Leo Dalhuisen, Maurits Hassankhan, Frans Steegh).
- Suriname in the Long Twentieth Century. Domination, Contestation, Globalization (Rosemarijn Hoefte).
- npokennis.nl/longread/7548/wa... (01-09-2023).
- isgeschiedenis.nl/nieuws/binn... (01-09-2023).
IMAGES
Images from commons.wikimedia.org.
VIDEO
Video material from:
• Vrede tussen Bouterse ...
Vrede tussen Bouterse en Brunswijk
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Suriname during World War II:
ua-cam.com/video/mxHuuiewMgI/v-deo.html
Suriname Independent:
ua-cam.com/video/vrqKtp1rKnw/v-deo.html
✅ 👍
I'm currently not on Facebook as my account got hacked so I've disabled it. I will follow your channel on UA-cam do you have tick-tock?
@@Adrian-ju7cm no TikTok here.
It's easy to read or hear some lies and then regurgitate what you heard. So many lies in your video, it's comical 😂😂😂😂. I don't blame you, you're an outsider, you literally don't know what you are talking about. As a Surinamer, I know the truth about my country and my history. All the 15 people who they say we're murdered were all traitors, but you don't know that because you literally know nothing. But make your coins. I ain't mad at you. Just know Bouterse is a hero in Suriname, never a dictator. If you want to see a dictator in Suriname, look at the current president.
@@adelestears8298 I think for a non Suriname person he did a good job, my father also went through hardship in WW2 I don't expect history hustle to speak for everyone.
I'm sorry you lost friends and family and your hardship
In brazil something similar happened, when Getulio Vargas was the dictador thru 1930-1945, but made a democratic comeback with his high popularity in 1950.
Thanks for sharing the surinamese history, thats a rich and under the table topic for the global history (outside Netherlands and Suriname)
Hope to travel to Brazil in June - July.
@@HistoryHustle You are welcome, Stefan! ヽ(͡◕ ͜ʖ ͡◕)ﾉ 🍀 🇧🇷
@@HistoryHustle Cant wait for the vídeos about my home country history.
If you need any help in São Paulo I can provide you some suport, just let me know !
Same happened in Nicaragua. Daniel Ortega seized power in a coup and later was elected democratically as president.
An amazing story. My wife was the Netherlands Ambassador's secretary during the initial coup. Bouterse showed up on the embassy's doorstep and she was sent to meet him, since she was not a diplomat, but staff. He introduced himself and then asked what he should do next! She told him that they had no communications with The Hague since the coup leaders had cut off the embassy's Telex lines, etc. He told her that he would be right back and the Telex connections were restored in about 45 minutes. He showed up again and then met the military attache'.
Very interesting to read. Thanks for sharing.
Remarkable. What did Bouterse exactly mean? Was he asking for instructions to continue the power grab?
That is who Bouterse truly is, he puts right the wrongs, but it's easy to make up stories about him and paint him as a bad guy. Many don't want to hear that.
@@offroadguy7772Bouterse was never a dictator, a coup leader, yes, a revolutionist yes. The coup was needed to remove all power from the Netherlands, who colonized Suriname and wanted to suck us dry from all our natural resources. As a Surinamer I am grateful Bouterse seized power. If you truly want to see a dictator, look at the current president of Suriname.
Oh nice, South America time.
thank you for covering often overlooked locations and histories
Glad you appreciate it!
Merry Christmas Stefan 🎄✌🏻🫶🏻 and Thxs !!
Many thanks Jesse. Happy Holidays!
Merry Christmas to you and our History Hustle family Stefan. Can you do a video on prisoners exchanges in ww2?
Happy holidays!
Smooth and to the point recap 👍
Greets from Grun' 🇳🇱, T.
Goed weekend 👍
Groeten uit Lima 🇵🇪
@@HistoryHustle : Bedankt, jij ook. Have fun in Lima 👍
Truly remarkable story.
Thanks for watching.
As a Surinamer, I wish the story was true.
Thanks for the video I never heard of this however I saw lots of Suriname people when I visited the Netherlands
Thanks. Happy Holidays!
Emigration from Suriname to the Netherlands was heavy during and after Surinamese independence.
Very good. Thanks. BZ
One of the 15 has a direct connection to your hometown.
Thanks for replying!
Nice, I am enjoying the change of pace, safe travels!
🥇👍
Fun history fact: the Dutch once traded New York (then called New Amsterdam) for Suriname with the British.
👍
In Waterlooplein, Amsterdam kan je de plaque zien met de namen van de slachtoffers van de Decembermoorden
Klopt.
Je hebt het dus over de namen van de landverraders.
Ronnie Brunswijk, not Ronnie van Brunswijk. I should know as I have met him several times and taught quite some of his 40+ children.
In Eastern Suriname, especially Moengo with its bauxite mines, lived many Javanese Surinamese. They were more or less forced to side with the Surinamese National Army, because they became the victims of the Jungle Commando. This resulted in resentment between the Javanese and the Aucanese (the maroons Brunswijk belonged too - eg the Saramaccans are quite different). I have spoken with people from both ethnic groups (plus other, much smaller ones in the town). It's remarkable that despite the tension there never were riot or other violent outbursts. At my school, the MULO Hubertus Waaldijk, Aucanese and Javanese overall (always have) cooperate(d) fine.
In the early 1990s I visited Albina, a few days the town became accessible for civilians again. The nearly complete destruction (only six houses were still inhabited) made a lifelong impression on me. The Surinamese Civil War was a real war, even if eg the Yugoslavian Wars a few years later were much worse.
How was Brungswijk as a person?
To me always friendly.
@@HistoryHustle it's Brunswijk
@ org: in a certain way everybody in Suriname is racist, even me. Racism in Suriname is quite different though from Europe and the USA. In the end people have to cooperate.
@@offroadguy7772 no he isn't. He helps everybody no matter what the skin color is or race. He even has children with other races. I dont know what the other person is trying to tell you, i know that im not racist and I am from Suriname, so not everyone is racist.
Very interesting 👌 Didn’t know anything about this.
Thanks for sharing.
You still don't know.
Enlighten us.
Strange history man.
I know.
@@HistoryHustle Thank you for the history.
Nice video! Thank you.
Many thanks!
a junta in suriname, i guess you learn something everyday
🥉👍
No mention of ex UK Paras and Ex French Foreign Legion being involved in Suriname where a massive FUBAR happened. If you don't know about that situation do some research.
Any sources?
Did you delete my reply
@@HistoryHustle
Can you tell us more. Can't find any about it on internet. Are you saying that the Legion Etrangere helped install Desi Bouterse? Tell us more please
No the Legion did not do that. An operation took place at a later date by ex Legion and ex British Paras which ended in a mess. @@user-tp2os8gu8o
@@HistoryHustlesearch for Karl Penta a mercenarie tale. He operated in Suriname also.
The growing pains of an unprepaired (for independence) nation. It is telling that almost half the population fled the country before and after independence. They as it were voted with their feet. I hope Surinam has grown and will prosper a healthy (democratic) future without wars or corruption.
Agree.
Suriname doesn't have wars, we do have corruption, just like any other nations in earth. But I do have to say the current president is the most corrupt we ever had.
"Great Report"".... Instructor"!!
Thanks Michael. Happy Holidays!
@@HistoryHustle
"To you as well...."Sir"!!!
O what a timing for this video...
Thanks for watching. Happy Holidays!
Stay safe
Greetings from Lima 🇵🇪
Learned more!
Great 👍
As a Surinamer, I can tell you that you absolutely learned nothing.
Maybe Stefan forgot to mention that there were victims who died in the 1980 coup, namely Lieutenant Van Aalst, Sergeant Comvalius, and Police Agent Mohammed Sultan.
The rumours that the Dutch government was involved are more
than that. There are strong indications that high ranked staff from the Dutch embassy backed tge sergeants. It's very possible that the administration in The Hague knew nothing though.
The first two years were not a dictatorship. Especially the Chin a Chen administration had real power. On 8 December 1982 Bouterse won the struggle for power. It's from then that the Surinamese economy went completely downhill. That again plus the incapability to win the Surinamese civil war forced Bouterse to give up his dictatorship.
Interesting to read.
Maby interesting to make a video about Desi Bouterse is a hero he saved suriname from being sold again and end up like Africa how France plunderd their colonies
Far from all Surinamese think Bouterse a hero.
@@marknieuweboer8099 als je leeft in een bubbel zal je alleen zien wat jij wilt zien maar ik respecteer je mening.
De bubbel waarin ik leef heet Suriname. Dat gaat prima zonder uw respect.
Ronny VAN Brunswijk?
Als je de naam niet eens kent...betwijfel ik of je de geschiedenis wel kent.
Daarnaast kan dit wellicht idd de geschiedenis zijn van Suriname na 1975, maar ik denk dat het nu tijd wordt dat de Surinamers zelf geschiedenis schrijven, zonder de visie en programmering van de witte man. Ik ben overigens wel een groot fan van je video's. Ik vind deze wel de zwakste..... misschien toch een beetje updaten.
Om te beginnen met Brunswijk, niet VAN Brunswijk (dat klinkt namelijk als een slaven naam).
Goed gezegd.
Interesting
Thanks for watching.
Stefan got fed up with Dutch weather👍
Suriname was too hot for me though 😅
Mijn Surinaamse collega is van mening dat Suriname bij Nederland had moeten blijven. Het was voordat het onafhankelijk werd een stuk beter af dan nu.
Tja. Het had ons klauwen met geld gekost. Frans Guyana is nog van Frankrijk. Niet echt een fijne plek heb ik me laten vertellen.
Is je collega een surinamer van hindustaanse afkomst?zoja dan snap ik zijn mening😂.
@@Reborn79 vind je het leuk om in hokjes te denken?
@@doomie21 als je de waarheid als hokjes denken ziet.dan denk ik volgens jou in hokjes ja.
@@Reborn79 een surinamer is in mijn ogen een surinamer ongeacht afkomst of wat dan ook.
i learn from this video about him
🥈👍
So sorry to break it to you, you actually learned nothing.
Where did you get your information from much is lies😮😮 dot spread lies
I have sources you can see in the description. What are yours?
Bouterse's fans cannot and do not want to deal with the truth. They behave just like ostriches burying their heads in the sand.
@@HistoryHustlehis sources is that he is a Surinamer. He doesn't need sources, he lives the truth of our nation every day. And yes much of your information is factually not true.
A not so popular fact in The Netherlands: the first Bouterse administration did fairly well - a lot better than the second Venetiaan administration, of which Brunswijk 's party was a partner. Suriname escaped the global economic crisis of 2010. However in 2014, due to monetary inflation, my Surinamese salary halved when converted in Euros or USD.
Remember: things in Suriname are always more complicated than you think.
It sure is. Due to the pandemic the economy has suffered a lot too I think. When I visited the country 3 months ago I heard 60% of the bars/restaurants had closed down.
Yes, Santokhi has disappointed many Surinamese. They find some comfort though in the thought that the Dutch are not too happy with their politicians either.
@ arg: absolutely not.
This is true. Jij bent zeker een Surinamer.
@@offroadguy7772you're lying, all Surinamers are disappointed in the liar and deceiver Santokhi. Remember, afro Surinamers helped Santokhi became the president and all he did was act like the true dictator that he is.
The map of suriname you used is not correct.....you should use the correct map in your video....
Care to explain?
“A recent verdict”: yes, 4 days ago. Now he said he will ask for clemency.
We'll see how things will unfold...
When did he say that? Why are you lying? He never ever said that he will ask for clemency and he also didn't. I don't understand why people love to lie on Bouterse so much. 😂😂😂
I really hope Bouterse is locked up for the rest of his life.
Curious how things unfold...
He is somewhere is Venezuela
Is he? He is missing it seems.
Dit zou zo uitgezonden moeten worden door het 8uur journaal .
👍
Ja, Nederlandse media is top in het verzenden van halve waarheden vooral wanneer het om Bouterse gaat.
Wy people love Bouterse, and wy people hate him, look for the answer man this guy is a mystery.
I see.
The idea that people might give a dictator the power he seeks because of economic problems might seem absurd, but it's happened over and over again. It's why Trump might be president of the US again, all because inflation hit when the pandemic ended under his successor.
At this very moment Dutch voters favoured in a national election a single member party, namely the PVV from Geert Wilders. Now he must form a coalition with likeminded parties, since he has no absolute majority victory.
His ethno-nationalistic rethorics remind strongly of Trump's.
Recent research findings identified that the vast majority of PVV voters don't care about economic topics as much as their dislike for immigrants from other religions, cultures or ethnicities.
Wilders' first massive goal is to change the Dutch Constitution (Grondwet), such that this effectively opens the door to a second class citizenship by law.
This is the supreme law of the Netherlands and sets forth the basic principles of the Dutch government and society. The Constitution was first adopted in 1815 and has been amended several times since then.
The Constitution establishes the Netherlands as a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of government. It also guarantees fundamental rights and freedoms for all Dutch citizens, including the right to free speech, the right to vote, and the right to a fair trial.
As such, this important document shapes the lives of all Dutch citizens. It guarantees their rights and freedoms and provides the framework for the Dutch government.
The Dutch Constitution and justice by law as we know it today are in fundamental jeopardy.
I'm sure you're not calling Bouterse a dictator.
You're not right man, because you don't speak about the duch involvement, speaking the true will turn this hole hole thing about Bouterse around.
I mention the rumours about it. If you have sources, do share.
Zo is dat👍🏿
Hij gaat daarover niet praten, hij is zelf een Nederlander. Nederlanders vinden het altijd lastig om de waarheid over hun land te horen.
Desi Bouterse is one of those semi-comical figures in Third World lore.
Originally allied with Cuba, he expelled the Cubans days after Maurice Bishop was killed. Bouterse was terrified of suffering the same fate. 😅
Bouterse later turned to the Libyans to prop up his regime.
Hardcore banana 🍌 republic.. that's a mild way of putting it.. obviously it's all very tragic how violent dictators with zero vision for the country rose to power.
Bouterse and Cuba has a great relationship. Bouterse was never scared of nothing, he was strategic and wise.
@@adelestears8298 yeah he sure was the best drug dealer and as a spermdonor he created his own army...well that's not uncommon for immoral men like that
Only lies
Of Bouterse? True.
True, maar van een Nederlander kan je niets anders verwachten. Ze weten niet beter.
He is a legend,a people champion.also the dutch ruled and took most of our riches and this guy stopped them,thats why the dutch hate him.
I see.
Cue claims of American CIA involvement too.
Interesting. That I didn't know.
Get the facts straight please
Care to explain?
.
🎄👍
Weren't more caribbean country a doctorship like Cuba Grenada nicuagra and 1 more
Believe so too yes.
This guy is my uncle lol
Bouterse? You know where he is now..
@@HistoryHustle nope,he disappeared and was forgotten, I've never met him but that's a good thing
He's my dad's cousin,btw
but he did not annex territories or steal resources from other countries.
Nope.
Inderdaad.
No doubt he would have it had the means.
@@Okokok961and you know that how? Do you know him personally?
Goede comment, ik hoop dat hij het heeft begrepen.
That is the WRONG MAP of SURINAME in the beginning. Get your facts straight!
Your facts? It is a dispute at the moment, not yet resolved. Both maps are therefore correct.
Agree to disagree@@HistoryHustle
AND IT IS RONNY BRUNSWIJK not Ronny van Brunswijk.
If stand corrected on that one. @@kennethkromokario1828
Evil. man
You must not be talking about Bouterse