Liverworts Use The Rain To Make Their Clones

Поділитися
Вставка
  • Опубліковано 18 гру 2024

КОМЕНТАРІ • 170

  • @journeytomicro
    @journeytomicro  Рік тому +11

    The first 100 people to download Endel by clicking the link will get a free week of audio experiences!
    bit.ly/JourneytoMicrocosmos

  • @journeytomicro
    @journeytomicro  Рік тому +122

    Hey everyone, seems like we might've spread our rhizoids a bit too thin and made a few mistake, so we wanted to make a few corrections.
    First, at 03:09 we said that leafy liverworts are the less common variety of liverworts when in fact leafy liverworts are estimated to make up the majority of the diversity of liverwort species.
    And second, at 05:08 when talking about gemma cups, we were not very clear that not all thalloid liverworts have gemma cups, and there are leafy liverworts that use gemmae for reproduction as well.
    Thank you to the commenters for helping us on this journey to understand the unseen world that surrounds us.

  • @kellyharrison5184
    @kellyharrison5184 Рік тому +284

    Correction: Culpepper was referring to the Hepatica nobilis plant, once known as the Liverwort. It is a low-growing, shade-loving angiosperm which possesses three-lobed leaves (shaped like a human liver), and 'small Starlike Flowers' which rise on thin stalks. Its roots are very fine and small. It was widely known for centuries as a cure for liver disorders. In fact, its Genus name is a direct reference to the liver.

    • @journeytomicro
      @journeytomicro  Рік тому +247

      Hey, thanks for pointing that out, and we’ve looked into it to clarify. Based on our sources, it seems that there’s ambiguity about exactly which “liverwort” Culpeper is referring to as there are a few organisms that seem to fit the criteria of looking liver-like and as such, being considered potential treatments for issues of the liver. These include the bryophytes, Hepatica nobilis, and a lichen. It can be difficult to parse through these old texts and confirm the species we know by their names today, so we appreciate your comment for pointing out an ambiguity that we didn’t have in the episode. And if you have any sources confirming that it is Hepatica nobilis, let us know, we love to solve an identification problem on Journey to the Microcosmos!
      - www.herbalgram.org/resources/herbalgram/issues/78/table-of-contents/article3244/
      - www.google.com/books/edition/Bulletin_of_the_Lloyd_Library_of_Botany/5Jq4AAAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=marchantia
      - www.gutenberg.org/files/49513/49513-h/49513-h.htm

    • @simple8mind8
      @simple8mind8 Рік тому +5

      Kelly, I greatly appreciate your correction as someone who greatly appreciates honesty in learning. It's just sad that some people feel that production value, outweighs the integrity of production accuracy.
      Not willing to retract the work, though they know what they claimed is likely a falsehood.
      Since the work could easily be salvaged, with a simple edit job to remove the claim.. This video gets a thumbs down for me.
      As the choice to keep it in, regardless of it's inaccuracy for the sake of the production. Is a way that lies get perpetuated in the first place.
      And I can't entrust my attention to such a person. If they had no idea it's one thing, but to ridicule someone else's life work using a falsehood, for the support of your own work its just...
      I really don't have words for it, it's a degree of dishonesty that speaks to ones character in ways I just can't describe. It's unconscionable.

    • @StandardName562
      @StandardName562 Рік тому

      tl;dr

    • @ndownman
      @ndownman Рік тому +11

      ​@@simple8mind8maybe you should make a video outlining better media practices since you seem well versed

    • @simple8mind8
      @simple8mind8 Рік тому

      @@ndownman @ndownman if your ok with getting your media from someone who puts down someone else's life work based on ambiguity. Then you go right on ahead, as for me I've spoken my peace.
      I'm just tired of seeing folks throw out honesty for the sake of content. Before long we will have a generation that lacks integrity, and only cares about how many hits they get.
      As long as the production quality looks, and sounds good. It doesn't matter how ambiguous the information is that's presented.
      I mean what truly matters is that it sounds good, and looks good. Just keep pushing that content out, doesn't matter if it's accurate or not. Isn't that right my friend?
      I'm sorry if I've offended you, but as I said I've spoken my peace. If it was me I would just snip that part out of my content for the sake of integrity of my work. But hey that's just me.

  • @gayforbrae5693
    @gayforbrae5693 Рік тому +54

    liverworts are one of my favourite types of plant honestly i have like 5 different types growing in tubs lol

    • @tesseract_1982
      @tesseract_1982 Рік тому

      I love those tiny primeval plants, and now that I live close to a forest, was looking into tending to some kind of vase or (mini) herbarium, just with moss. Could you tell me a bit more about the basic setting? What do you mean by "tubs" in that context? Thanks 💚

  • @flightlesschicken7769
    @flightlesschicken7769 Рік тому +42

    3:55 it’s worth mentioning, there are non seed vascular plants-including ferns, lycophytes and equestrophytes

    • @LimeyLassen
      @LimeyLassen Рік тому +15

      I assume lycophytes are shaped like tiny wolves and equestrophytes are tiny horses

    • @flightlesschicken7769
      @flightlesschicken7769 Рік тому +16

      @@LimeyLassen Lol, absolutely. Thanks, that made me smile :)
      If you are curious, lycophtes are named that because the roots of the group’s type genus _Lycopodium_ was said to resemble a wolf’s foot and claws; I personally don’t see it, but I like the name haha. Equisetophytes (I spelt it incorrectly initially as it turns out) on the other hand have some species that are said to resemble horse tails; horsetail is actually one of their common names.
      Fun fact, during the Carboniferous period the first trees appeared, and those trees were giant equisetophtes and lycophytes. The giant equisetophytes looked just like the ones alive today, but giant. The lineage of the lycophyte trees sadly is no longer around, save one genus of small relatives which are the only non seed plants alive today that still experiences secondary (woody) growth. Almost all of our coal and oil comes from those ancient lycophyte and equisetophyte trees
      Edit: I mistakenly said there was only one surviving species of isoete (the lycophyte tree relatives)

    • @domsquaaa4323
      @domsquaaa4323 4 місяці тому

      .

  • @marcotedesco8954
    @marcotedesco8954 Рік тому +18

    Liverworts are adorable. I often see Lunularia cruciata, with its characteristic open, crescent-shaped cups holding many tiny but visible, grass-green gemmae. I always think of them as ancient inhabitants of a small, whimsical, slimy world.

  • @nazzkid23
    @nazzkid23 Рік тому +99

    they little clones are described so cutely its making me tear up 🥹

    • @ArawnOfAnnwn
      @ArawnOfAnnwn Рік тому +1

      Would you find human cloning as cute?

    • @spheroid-collective
      @spheroid-collective Рік тому +5

      ​@ArawnOfAnnwn if it's like this then yes

    • @RissaFirecat
      @RissaFirecat Рік тому

      @@spheroid-collective I agree, lol! I have Culpeppers book.

    • @LarryPeteet
      @LarryPeteet Рік тому +1

      ​@ArawnOfAnnwn Your Question deserves an Answer!

    • @LarryPeteet
      @LarryPeteet Рік тому +1

      You have a reply asking you a question which all of us would love to hear your answer!

  • @lhbbio
    @lhbbio Рік тому +18

    The image shown at 5:03 is not a gemma cup. It actually is an air pore existing at upper surface of Marchantia (see many of them at 6:00 for instance). Unfortunately, no gemma cup or gemma is shown in the video.

    • @katjarozantseva8069
      @katjarozantseva8069 Рік тому +5

      OMG yes, I was so carried away by mistakes in the text that I didn’t even notice 🙈 Glad to see a fellow liverwort enthusiast!

  • @Anuchan
    @Anuchan Рік тому +10

    Thanks! I love the variety of liverworts, algae, moss, mold, and fungi.

  • @curiosity6485
    @curiosity6485 Рік тому +4

    LIVERWORTS ARE ONE OF MY FAVORITE ORGANISMS!! I AM SO HAPPY

  • @sukai121
    @sukai121 Рік тому +8

    I love how liverwort looks!

  • @bram13666
    @bram13666 Рік тому +12

    I've tried to combat these invasive liver worts for years now (I have sarraceneae and droserae), since they reproduce so efficiently. This video made me respect them a little bit more.

  • @ivythay4259
    @ivythay4259 Рік тому +11

    Liverworts are...strangely cute to me.

  • @therongjr
    @therongjr Рік тому +4

    I came to the comments section to share my love of liverworts, and I was pleasantly surprised to find I'm not the only one here for that reason! 💚

  • @mediocreclementine7649
    @mediocreclementine7649 Рік тому +7

    Hi I just spent the last week and a half in my biology class learning about these guys and other bryophytes. Awesome work as always!!

  • @TJ-vh2ps
    @TJ-vh2ps Рік тому +6

    The narration was fantastic! Wonderful to hear such a warm and flowing new(ish) voice. The writing, music, and visuals were as usual impeccable! 🥰

  • @ithalaine
    @ithalaine Рік тому +3

    I have liverwort growing in a jar on my windowsill that I scooped out of my vegetable garden last year. It wasn’t hurting my plants, I just thought it was pretty stunning with the vibrant green and the uneven edges, it’s doing well and that little green “leaf” I put in the jar has grown to cover the entire bottom of the jar❤ everything I learn about liverwort is fascinating!

  • @feelincrispy7053
    @feelincrispy7053 Рік тому +12

    I love this channel but I’ve always wanted one little addition. A better scale visualisation. The micrometer measurement is good but I still struggle to conceptualise the size quickly in my head. A very basic eg. A to scale pin head symbol that changes size as the micrometer measurement changes.

  • @ariellamaee
    @ariellamaee Місяць тому

    I'm having a report about liverworts and found your video. You made me fall in love with liverworts. You narrate it so well and your voice sounds soothing. This was not only educational but it's fun and cute

  • @rebecculousrk
    @rebecculousrk Рік тому

    ♥️❤️♥️ I have a warm fuzzy feeling whenever you point out how “cute”, “sweet” and “adorable” the subject of discussion is. Especially when you’re talking about a moss spore, or the eye spots of a flatworm’s little face, or some other thing that no one else has ever described as “cute”.♥️ I get impression that, like myself, you will go out of your way to return a dehydrated worm to soil, and add a splash of your bottled water, just to improve it’s chances. That you’d blow an entire afternoon if you found a starved and frightened puppy living in a vacant lot. ❤I hope you are as kind as you sound.🥰

  • @hungryluma27
    @hungryluma27 Рік тому +1

    WE LOVE SAM!!!!!!! His voice is so perfect for this channel :)))) I was very pleasantly surprised to hear him here!

  • @jamiehughes5573
    @jamiehughes5573 Рік тому +6

    The liverwort is a strange little plant, im 100% sure its a living fossil, it has very primitive characteristics

  • @MLeoDaalder
    @MLeoDaalder Рік тому +7

    So Gremlins (from the movies) are a type of Liverwort? They multiply when you get them wet. XD

  • @juncohill
    @juncohill Рік тому +13

    Ever since the sci show ep on plant reproduction, I've been curious about gametophyte dominant types. Thanks a lot for this!

  • @cjvilleneuve1566
    @cjvilleneuve1566 Рік тому +1

    Some liverworth will produce those ''root like structure'' directly from the underside of the leaf,the leaf will spread together full of creases,but no stalk,,just the leaft and the anchoring cells.

  • @PSwayBeats
    @PSwayBeats Рік тому

    I don't know if you did the last video but the tone of your voice is now spot-on
    Slow and chill

  • @БлаговестМеданов

    From 4:58 to 5:18- is that really a Gemma cup, cuz it looks like their pores, with that big of a zoom especially. I might be wrong, it may be just a very small one or one that in at the beginning of its growth, but yeah, pores also are very small and round so I thought of them when I saw the footage

  • @billieconchita
    @billieconchita Рік тому +1

    Gemma cup sounds pretty cute

  • @daniell1483
    @daniell1483 Рік тому +2

    Just glancing at life, it is easy to trick ourselves into seeing earlier-evolved creatures as more primitive. Seeing these different organisms is almost like a glance back in time, not just a glance into the microcosmos.

    • @tesseract_1982
      @tesseract_1982 Рік тому +1

      Yes. I've learned to interpret the word "primitive" in the context of biology simply as "this trait is very old".
      Not that the organism in question is necessarily less complex.
      Like when saying "the shark is a primitive fish", it does not refer to less complexity, but to the characteristics of a "living fossil".

  • @BongRipBing
    @BongRipBing Рік тому +2

    Bryophytes are my jam!

  • @kovanova9409
    @kovanova9409 Рік тому +2

    I can't be the only one hearing Jimmy from Southpark in this.

  • @boorendorff3655
    @boorendorff3655 Рік тому

    I love falling asleep to yalls Playlist! Yall are the best

  • @hattivat
    @hattivat Рік тому +1

    Liverworts

  • @BargB
    @BargB Рік тому

    This is the cutest, coolest, prettiest content on yt

  • @arancia_9
    @arancia_9 5 місяців тому

    They are surely adorable!

  • @petevenuti7355
    @petevenuti7355 Рік тому +2

    Sounds like they could be the second or third best photosynthesizing organism for teraforming.
    How edible are they , for space farming... Seems like they would be easier then algae as they stick to stuff instead of just floating around, and that they could have all the verity of texture that single cell culture would laqe.

  • @rougesunset
    @rougesunset Рік тому

    So cool! I love finding these guys, they’re always in such gorgeous places

  • @WobblesandBean
    @WobblesandBean Рік тому +4

    I'm a zoologist, I haven't studied plant life in ages and even I know this is riddled with errors 😬

    • @JKa244
      @JKa244 Рік тому +1

      This is how I feel about basically any video covering fluid dynamics lol

  • @Sparks.u
    @Sparks.u Рік тому

    This was such a wonderful episode! Thank you, what a pleasure to learn of such little treats ❤

  • @pamelapilling6996
    @pamelapilling6996 Рік тому +7

    If we can't have Hank narrating, Sam is a great choice.

  • @wolfgrey8483
    @wolfgrey8483 Рік тому +1

    Certain species of Drosera also make gemmae in a similar process, its really interesting.

  • @BigNWide
    @BigNWide Рік тому +9

    When the video talks about leafy liverworts, you showed thalloid liverworts. Leafy liverworts are leafy. And gemmae cups are found in only two genera of liverworts: Lunularia and Marchantia. The vast majority of liverworts genera and species do not have gemmae cups. The information in this video perpetuates a myth about liverworts repeated in countless textbooks by people who know little about liverworts.

    • @katjarozantseva8069
      @katjarozantseva8069 Рік тому +3

      I don’t know this species (I have worked only in Baltic region), but it looked like some simple thalloid from Metzgeriales, so they took it because it’s Jungermanniopsida, and sure all Jungermanniopsida are leafy… I made my undergrad and in the process of my master’s on liverworts, and this video on one of my favourite yt channels made me cringe so badly 🫠

    • @BigNWide
      @BigNWide Рік тому +1

      @@katjarozantseva8069 There are so many interesting and cool things that can be looked at under the microscope for bryophytes. But the people making the videos don't ask the people who know about bryophytes.

  • @sciencenerd7639
    @sciencenerd7639 Рік тому +4

    I love bryophytes

  • @REEbott86
    @REEbott86 Рік тому

    Vascular plants also have gametophytes and sporophytes. Their reproductive cycle is just backwards and happens partially within the plant itself.

  • @culwin
    @culwin Рік тому

    Nice to hear Sam the Bat narrating nature videos

  • @mrmosty5167
    @mrmosty5167 Рік тому +1

    Always been fascinated by the more primitive plants like these and club-mosses. Thing is I don't think I've ever actually seen liverworts

    • @tesseract_1982
      @tesseract_1982 Рік тому

      You gotta look closely, on a rainy day when they are shiny and wet. 😅 Examine tree bark, old wooden posts, old stone walls, old roof tiles, any place where other mosses grow, and lichen. It might be easier to find liverwort patches on such structures, than on the ground, between wads of leafy moss and other tiny plants.
      They first stood out to me on a winter day, on tree bark. I took pics and was stunned by the unusual appearance of relatively rectangular, slimy looking scales, very different than any "leafy" moss I ever saw. So I looked them up. Turns out to sort them in with land plants, is almost a honorable title. 😂💚

  • @raeperonneau4941
    @raeperonneau4941 Рік тому

    Nice to hear your voice, Sam.

  • @SpydrXIII
    @SpydrXIII Рік тому +1

    i find a lot of liverwort in the plants i get at the nursery.

  • @kyleeverly9243
    @kyleeverly9243 Рік тому +4

    It's every day man, Sam!

  • @GIRGHGH
    @GIRGHGH Рік тому

    I wish we had those where I live, they're so adorable.

  • @megdavis723
    @megdavis723 Рік тому

    New favorite video. I love liverworts

  • @katjarozantseva8069
    @katjarozantseva8069 Рік тому +5

    Correction 1: there are more higher taxa of thalloid liverworts, but most species of liverworts have leafy form. If we take species numbers from Encyclopaedia of Life, total number of liverworts (Marchantiophyta) species is 7456. Leafy liverworts are next taxa within Jungermanniopsida: Jungermanniida (3199 species), Porellales (2944), Ptillidiales (7), and class Haplomitriopsida (21). Liverworts with simple thalloid forms are Metzgeriida (479 species) and Pelliida (198) within class Jungermanniopsida. Class Marchantiopsida are liverworts with complex thalloid forms, 540 species.
    Correction 2: not all thalloid liverworts have gemmae cups (you described Marchantia polymorpha, but even Marchantia quadrata doesn’t have cups), and it’s very common among leafy liverworts species to have single/bi-cellular gemmae

  • @RissaFirecat
    @RissaFirecat Рік тому

    This is amazing. It has made me think about liverwort in a different light, lol! Thank you!

  • @Fruitcupper
    @Fruitcupper Рік тому

    Fun fact; liverworts grown in sealed glass environments grow a lot taller, about 15cm over 4 years

  • @KLarsLohn
    @KLarsLohn Рік тому +4

    The rapid percussion heavy background soundtrack that starts at about 3:00 makes the narration unintelligible for the hard of hearing. Yeah, I switched the closed captioning, but I’d rather listen than read.

    • @qcsupport2594
      @qcsupport2594 Рік тому

      Came to say this. I'm not hard of hearing, but found the percussion was intensely distracting. Otherwise great episode.

  • @symcyto
    @symcyto Рік тому

    lovely video... i even was interested in the audio app ad.... too bad about the surprise survey that keeps sucking and sucking only to end up at a credit card/pay wall - it quickly made me change my mind about being interested.

  • @tonyhinderman
    @tonyhinderman Рік тому

    Sam has such a nice voice for this

  • @cupriferouscatalyst3708
    @cupriferouscatalyst3708 10 місяців тому

    I wish I got into arguments more often, because I'd love to use the terms I learn from this channel as "insults" just to confuse people. I'd be like "you non-vascular thalloid!" and they'd be like "huh?" and I'd be like "idk, anyway do you wanna watch the bug channel with me?".

  • @smith...1
    @smith...1 Рік тому

    Another great episode.
    Thankyou.
    However, I found the accompanying music really distracting and too loud behind the new guy's narration.
    I have always liked Journey's soundscapes but this one was just
    ..... Discordant !

  • @santoast24
    @santoast24 Рік тому +7

    SAM SCHULTZ!!!!! I LOVE SAM SCHULTZ!!!!!!

  • @VANOXmicroscopy
    @VANOXmicroscopy Рік тому

    Beautiful!! Need to take a look at them myself:)

  • @Charity4Chokora
    @Charity4Chokora Рік тому

    I have been away from the microcosm, good to hear your voice Hank2

  • @1.4142
    @1.4142 Рік тому +1

    similar to cup fungi

  • @JB-yc1lk
    @JB-yc1lk Рік тому

    Endel has huge footprint

  • @Mate397
    @Mate397 Рік тому +1

    So it's a mogwai, it gets wet and lets out clones.

  • @xuanbachlai5371
    @xuanbachlai5371 Рік тому

    saved for a rainy day, but with a twist

  • @sunoncream1118
    @sunoncream1118 Рік тому

    there was a promo on the entry level ali express optic scope i fell again for one at 40 buck (those one where 70 buck befor) i know the product its enough to get decent view and phone pic until u try go above 800x but do you know a brand of valuable not crazy expensive lens and eyepiece to put on that standar seize lens microscope?

  • @adambotfield5436
    @adambotfield5436 Рік тому

    Utricularia/bladderwort would be interesting under the microcosm

  • @aishaljphillips
    @aishaljphillips 8 місяців тому

    More Sam narrating Microcosmos please.

  • @troycoley-cn5bb
    @troycoley-cn5bb Рік тому

    Great Video :)

  • @fenrirgg
    @fenrirgg Рік тому

    What are the tiny flowers described?

  • @SaronJoy
    @SaronJoy Рік тому

    When he said: Gemmae... Did anyone else think: Timmy from South Park?
    OKAYYYY, just me then. 😅😅😅
    I LOVE THIS SERIES❤

  • @suelane3628
    @suelane3628 Рік тому +1

    Wonderful. They just missed out that the Gametophyte generation has 1 set of chromosomes and the Sporophyte 2. This "alternation of Generations doesn't seem to feature greatly on the internet or even in Evolution. (I don't mind being proven wrong.) Anyway, when it comes to Vascular Plants what we think of as the plant is the equivalent to the diploid gametophyte of mosses and liverworts.

  • @IC1101-Capinatator
    @IC1101-Capinatator Рік тому +1

    where’d Rotifer’s comments go? I miss them :(

  • @harleyjudy2850
    @harleyjudy2850 Рік тому

    amazing video please do more on plants like fern sperm

  • @bigdog9480
    @bigdog9480 Рік тому

    I bought a Bresser science infinity microscope and a Sony Alpha a6400 camera with all the necessary accessories to mount it and connect it to my laptop, using the camera is not complicated for me but i can't find an online guide for the Bresser microscope, if someone knows some forums with active members please comment with the forums names.

  • @MarcosWassem
    @MarcosWassem Рік тому

    Cariani, o que você fez? 😢

  • @HeyHeyHarmonicaLuke
    @HeyHeyHarmonicaLuke Рік тому

    Bird's nest fungus also reproduce by the rain

  • @Federgeistchen-cg2nr
    @Federgeistchen-cg2nr Рік тому

    I've eaten so many walnuts this month, I sure must have the most healthy brain now, according to the doctrine of signatures.

  • @danielhagen3739
    @danielhagen3739 Рік тому

    YAY A NEW MICROCOSMOS VIDEO AND IM ONE OF THE FIRST FEW TO SEE IT!!!

  • @the_green_anna
    @the_green_anna Рік тому

    💚💚💚

  • @tundrataiga5100
    @tundrataiga5100 Рік тому

    Many pygmy drosera too reproduce with gemmae

  • @onafets38
    @onafets38 Рік тому

    the audio is in multiple languages? how can i switch from spanish to english?

  • @markedis5902
    @markedis5902 Рік тому +1

    Nice one Sam

  • @pattiwicksteed3731
    @pattiwicksteed3731 Рік тому +1

    Nice to hear you as a narrator, Sam!

  • @Galestorm300
    @Galestorm300 Рік тому

    Here!

  • @livvielov
    @livvielov Рік тому +1

    Sam Scultz! Sam Scultz! Sam Scultz! Sam Scultz! Sam Scultz! Sam Scultz!

  • @andruloni
    @andruloni Рік тому

    What does it take to awaken the Jimmy?

  • @maytopian
    @maytopian Рік тому +3

    Hi Sam 😊

  • @Stroopwaffe1
    @Stroopwaffe1 Рік тому

    Wow gamophyttes ??? Aren't sea sponges like that

  • @tigertiger1699
    @tigertiger1699 Рік тому

    🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏

  • @technodrone313
    @technodrone313 Рік тому

    doesnt liverwort have a powerful cannabinoid?

  • @samagog
    @samagog Рік тому

    SAM’S RULE!!!!!!!!!!!

  • @timhofstetter5654
    @timhofstetter5654 Рік тому

    ...and when it doesn't work?

  • @JGrootebroeder
    @JGrootebroeder Рік тому

    The music was so loud, I couldn't concentrate.

  • @costlycoffee4234
    @costlycoffee4234 Рік тому

    OH YES SAM MICROCOSMOS INDEED YES SIR THIS IS GOO EATS!!!!!

  • @not.spir0s
    @not.spir0s Рік тому +7

    Can we see sperm under the microscope? Really most any human originating cells would be interesting.

    • @journeytomicro
      @journeytomicro  Рік тому +3

      ua-cam.com/video/DctfqZFqwgM/v-deo.html

    • @not.spir0s
      @not.spir0s Рік тому +2

      @@journeytomicro how about white blood cells? 🤔

  • @kimberleysmith5876
    @kimberleysmith5876 Рік тому

    Hard to hear the speaker over the music this time...

  • @NewMessage
    @NewMessage Рік тому +3

    'Two clones, one cup'?

  • @Tabbasco2012
    @Tabbasco2012 Рік тому

    Are you telling me that thallids are really liverwort?