Composition, Texture, & Classification of Sedimentary rocks / Sed Strat #1 | GEO GIRL
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- Опубліковано 24 лип 2024
- Sedimentary rocks can be divided into three major groups depending on their formation: clastic, chemical, and biogenic sedimentary rocks. Clastic rocks (also called detrital) form by accumulation, compaction, and lithification of detrital sediment. Examples of clastic rocks include conglomerate, breccia, sandstone, siltstone, and claystone/shale. Chemical rocks form by precipitation from solution. Examples of chemical rocks include evaporites like gypsum, halite, sylvite, and some carbonates. Biogenic rocks form by biological processes. Examples of biogenic rocks include chalk, shell-dominated rocks like coquina, coal, and some types of silica deposits. Sedimentary rocks can also be separated into two major groups: endogenetic and exogenetic. The distinction between endogenetic and exogenetic rocks is similar to the difference between clastic and chemical rocks. But other ways to define these rocks is as intrabasinal or extrabasinal and authigenic or allogenic. For example, fossiliferous limestones may be clastic or detrital and allogenic, but at the same time, intrabasinal. Regardless of formation process or provenance, clastic and chemical rocks are classified by separately. Clastic rocks are classified by grain size. Chemical rocks are classified by composition and texture. The textures of clastic and chemical rocks are very different. Clastic rocks have tangential grain boundaries allowing porosity and permeability, whereas chemical rocks have continuous grain boundaries and negligible porosity and permeability.
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0:00 video outline
1:15 what is a sedimentary deposit?
1:34 2 types of sedimentary rocks
2:04 Exogenetic vs endogenetic
5:23 similarities between igneous & sedimentary rocks
6:37 sedimentary textures
7:43 sedimentary structures
9:13 intrabasinal vs extrabasinal
11:36 hybrid sedimentary rocks?
14:00 porosity & permeability
16:57 allogenic vs authigenic minerals
20:00 effect of diagenesis on sedimentary rocks
21:09 major types of sedimentary rocks
22:27 upcoming videos & references
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Having taken seds as a engineering student in second year, this was a really well done recap (perhaps, with my background perfect info amount). Thanks for producing!
Sometimes it's kind of nice having a sieve-like brain. Each time I watch its just like the first time. If I watch enough eventually I just know what's in the video. I look forward to the day it all conglomerates into one big beautiful landscape of knowledge. Love your work Geo Girl! 💖
I am a geophysics students, and after going through this vedio, It clear my all doubts, nicely explained and given great concepts 👌👌, waiting for next part👏👏
Oh yay, that make me so happy! I am so glad you found it helpful :D I can't wait for you to see the rest of the playlist ;)
You threw me a loop “doctor” by posting a midweek video. This will be my Friday night entertainment
I ❤️GEO GIRL
Haha, I am no doctor yet, but thanks for the comment, I hope you enjoyed both of this week's videos! ;D
You’re the smartest person that I know so you could easily be a doctor, definitely you’re a PHD
I’ll watch your video from today later tonight
@@JoesFirewoodVideos Haha, well hopefully in a year or two your statement will come true! Thanks for your support Joe!
Fantastic video, now I am taking the course Structural Geology, greetings from Peru. Buen trabajo geogirl.
Best of luck in structure! :D
@@GEOGIRL After structure, petrology is the last course of geology I am taking, just when I was starting to enjoy it 😢
@@angeldavidmamaniguardia9447 haha don't worry if you are going to become a geologist or any kind of scientist, you will never stop learning more :D
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Very nice way of explaining Geology
Thank you, amazing video love you from Afghanistan
Thanks for the comment, I am glad you like it :D
Thank you so much, Rachel!
You're so welcome Prativa! I am glad you enjoyed it ;)
Really fascinating. Thank you for making my day even better with this interesting and educational video. I hope you’re having a really great day. As usual, it’s always a great and exciting pleasure for me to learn with you. 😊❤😉👍
So glad you liked it :D I am really enjoying making this new playlist, I think sedimentology is so fascinating, can't wait to put out the rest of the videos!
@@GEOGIRL Really fascinating indeed. I can’t wait to see the rest of the videos.
Thankyou so much again love from India
Of course, and thanks for the love!
Why do we put coins or pencils on rocks when we study them?
Haha, for scale in pictures ;)
Por fin sedimentología y estratigrafia. Muchas gracias
Of course! So glad you are excited for this playlist ;) I am too!
Hi! Very nice! Thanks for sharing!
Of course! Glad you liked it ;)
Thanks you Geo Girl💙
Of course Veli! Glad you liked it ;)
Wow, nice video. You made learning geology much more interesting!
Oh my gosh. this comment just made my week! Making geology more interesting is my entire goal, so glad you think I am doing just that :D Thank you so much!
@@GEOGIRL You’re welcome.
Hey nice video it will be very helpful if you give a quick rewind or short summary at the end
Was the follow-up video "Sediments Through Earth's History" ever posted? or maybe it was addressed under a different title? Thanks.
I am sorry, it was not! I still have it on the list, but it's been pushed back. It is a hard one to tackle since it is quite broad, so I may break it down into more specific separate videos, but I will let you know once I am working on those :D
Do we have the PPT for reference. It would be great help for by your kind consideration.
It looks like matrix and cement are synonymous, but I am not too sure, though (at least from that one diagram 6:40).
To my understanding, cement is always chemical in origin (meaning the crystals precipitated directly from solution in between grains as crystalline calcite or silica), whereas matrix is clastic in orgin (came from eroded material rather than precipitated material, and it sits between the larger grains and eventually holds them together after compaction and lithification occurs). I think matrix can be partially chemical (include both small grains and crystalline cement), but I think cement is always pure chemically precipitated crystals. Hope that makes sense :)
Whats the difference between Exogenetic x Endogenetic and Aulogenic x Autogenic? I did not understand very well. Abraço
It's my understanding that exogenetic and endogenetic terms are used when describing the rock (so exogenetic would be used for clastic rocks and endogenetic for chemical precipitates). Whereas, allogenic and authigenic are used when describing the minerals in the rock (allo for minerals or clasts that were transported from elsewhere, and authi for minerals that formed in situ (where they were deposited)). Does that make more sense? Sorry for confusion, I think geologists use these two sets of terms interchangeably sometimes so it's hard to tell. But I would say I most often hear the allogenic and authigenic terms used, so I would focus on those if you're wondering which set to use ;)
@@GEOGIRL Thank you. It makes more sense now. Greetings from Brazil. Keep it up youre doing a great job!
What is textural inversion of sandstone?
I am not sure I understand the question, what do you mean 'textural inversion'?
I know I'm a bit late to ask, but What grade do we usually cover this? I'm studying geology but I also don't wanna overstudy.
Well I didn't learn this stuff until I was an undergraduate in college, so depending on where you are from, I am guessing that if you talking about 'grades' and you already know this stuff, you have probably studied enough! ;)
@@GEOGIRL I can only say thank you so much, I'm preparing for college and wanted to review all lessons, your videos helps me a lot.
@@ezekielnazareno I am so glad to hear that! Best of luck in your preparation for college (but I can tell you probably don't need luck ;)
Trying to get sleep during watching your videos
Haha, well if anything can put you to sleep, it'll be sedimentology ;) lol!
@@GEOGIRL i want to sleep , then best to watch your videos 📹